Chapter 210

Burn , n. [See 1st Bourn .] A small stream. [Scot.]

Burnable <Xpage=194>

Burn"a*ble (?) , a. Combustible.

Cotgrave.

Burned <Xpage=194>

Burned (?) , p. p. & a. See Burnt .

Burned <Xpage=194>

Burned (?) , p. p. Burnished. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Burner <Xpage=194>

Burn"er (?) , n. 1. One who, or that which, burns or sets fire to anything.

2. The part of a lamp, gas fixture, etc., where the flame is produced.

Bunsen's burner (Chem.) , a kind of burner, invented by Professor Bunsen of Heidelberg, consisting of a straight tube, four or five inches in length, having small holes for the entrance of air at the bottom. Illuminating gas being also admitted at the bottom, a mixture of gas and air is formed which burns at the top with a feebly luminous but intensely hot flame. -- Argand burner , Rose burner , etc. See under Argand , Rose , etc.

Burnet <Xpage=194>

Bur"net (?) , n. [OE. burnet burnet; also, brownish (the plant perh. being named from its color), fr. F. brunet , dim. of brun brown; cf. OF. brunete a sort of flower. See Brunette .] (Bot.) A genus of perennial herbs ( Poterium ); especially, P . Sanguisorba , the common, or garden, burnet.

Burnet moth (Zo\'94l.) , in England, a handsome moth ( Zyg\'91na filipendula ), with crimson spots on the wings. -- Burnet saxifrage . (Bot.) See Saxifrage . -- Canadian burnet , a marsh plant ( Poterium Canadensis ). -- Great burnet , Wild burnet , Poterium (or Sanguisorba) oficinalis .

Burnettize <Xpage=194>

Bur"nett*ize (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Burnettized (<?/) ; p. pr. & vb. n . Burnettizing .] (Manuf.) To subject (wood, fabrics, etc.) to a process of saturation in a solution of chloride of zinc, to prevent decay; -- a process invented by Sir William Burnett .

Burnie <Xpage=194>

Burn"ie (?) , n. [See 4th Burn .] A small brook. [Scot.]

Burns.

Burniebee <Xpage=194>

Bur"nie*bee` (?) , n. The ladybird. [Prov. Eng.]

Burning <Xpage=194>

Burn"ing , a. 1. That burns; being on fire; excessively hot; fiery.

2. Consuming; intense; inflaming; exciting; vehement; powerful; as, burning zeal .

Like a young hound upon a burning scent. Dryden.

Burning bush (Bot.) , an ornamental shrub ( Euonymus atropurpureus ), bearing a crimson berry.

Burning <Xpage=194>

Burn"ing , n. The act of consuming by fire or heat, or of subjecting to the effect of fire or heat; the state of being on fire or excessively heated.

Burning fluid , any volatile illuminating oil, as the lighter petroleums (naphtha, benzine), or oil of turpentine (camphine), but esp. a mixture of the latter with alcohol. -- Burning glass , a conxex lens of considerable size, used for producing an intense heat by converging the sun's rays to a focus. -- Burning house (Metal.) , the furnace in which tin ores are calcined, to sublime the sulphur and arsenic from the pyrites. Weale . -- Burning mirror , a concave mirror, or a combination of plane mirrors, used for the same purpose as a burning glass.

Syn. -- Combustion; fire; conflagration; flame; blaze.

Burnish <Xpage=194>

Bur"nish (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Burnished (#) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Burnishing .] [OE. burnischen , burnissen , burnen , OF. burnir , brunir , to make brown, polish, F. brunir , fr. F. brun brown, fr. OHG. br<?/n ; cf. MHG. briunen to make brown, polish. See Brown , a. ] To cause to shine; to make smooth and bright; to polish; specifically, to polish by rubbing with something hard and smooth; as, to burnish brass or paper .

The frame of burnished steel, that east a glare From far, and seemed to thaw the freezing air. Dryden.

Now the village windows blaze, Burnished by the setting sun. Cunningham.

Burnishing machine , a machine for smoothing and polishing by compression, as in making paper collars.

Burnish <Xpage=194>

Bur"nish , v. i. To shine forth; to brighten; to become smooth and glossy, as from swelling or filling out; hence, to grow large.

A slender poet must have time to grow, And spread and burnish as his brothers do. Dryden.

My thoughts began to burnish , sprout, and swell. Herbert.

Burnish <Xpage=194>

Bur"nish , n. The effect of burnishing; gloss; brightness; luster.

Crashaw.

Burnisher <Xpage=194>

Bur"nish*er (?) , n. 1. One who burnishes.

2. A tool with a hard, smooth, rounded end or surface, as of steel, ivory, or agate, used in smoothing or polishing by rubbing. It has a variety of forms adapted to special uses.

Burnoose, Burnous <Xpage=194>

Bur"noose , Bur"nous (?) , n. [Ar. burnus a kind of high-crowned cap: cf. F. bournous , burnous , Sp. al-bornoz , a sort of upper garment, with a hood attached.] 1. A cloaklike garment and hood woven in one piece, worn by Arabs.

2. A combination cloak and hood worn by women. [Variously written bournous , bernouse , bornous , etc.]

Burnstickle <Xpage=194>

Burn"stic`kle (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) A stickleback ( Gasterosteus aculeatus ).

Burnt <Xpage=194>

Burnt (?) , p. p. & a. Consumed with, or as with, fire; scorched or dried, as with fire or heat; baked or hardened in the fire or the sun.

Burnt ear , a black, powdery fungus which destroys grain. See Smut . -- Burnt offering , something offered and burnt on an altar, as an atonement for sin; a sacrifice. The offerings of the Jews were a clean animal, as an ox, a calf, a goat, or a sheep; or some vegetable substance, as bread, or ears of wheat or barley. Called also burnt sacrifice . [2 Sam. xxiv. 22.]

Burr <Xpage=194>

Burr (?) , n. [See Bur .] (Bot.) 1. A prickly seed vessel. See Bur , 1.

2. The thin edge or ridge left by a tool in cutting or shaping metal, as in turning, engraving, pressing, etc.; also, the rough neck left on a bullet in casting.

The graver, in plowing furrows in the surface of the copper, raises corresponding ridges or burrs . Tomlinson.

3. A thin flat piece of metal, formed from a sheet by punching; a small washer put on the end of a rivet before it is swaged down.

4. A broad iron ring on a tilting lance just below the gripe, to prevent the hand from slipping.

5. The lobe or lap of the ear.

6. [Probably of imitative origin.] A guttural pronounciation of the letter r , produced by trilling the extremity of the soft palate against the back part of the tongue; rotacism; -- often called the Newcastle , Northumberland , or Tweedside , burr .

7. The knot at the bottom of an antler. See Bur , n. , 8.

Burr <Xpage=194>

Burr (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Burred (#) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Burring .] To speak with burr; to make a hoarse or guttural murmur.

Mrs. Browning.

Burrel <Xpage=194>

Bur"rel (?) , n. [Cf. OF. burel reddish (cf. Borel , n. ), or F. beurr\'82 butter pear, fr. beurre butter. Cf. Butter .] A sort of pear, called also the red butter pear , from its smooth, delicious, soft pulp.

Burrel <Xpage=194>

Bur"rel , n. Same as Borrel .

Burrel fly <Xpage=194>

Bur"rel fly` (?) . [From its reddish color. See 1st Burrel .] (Zo\'94l.) The botfly or gadfly of cattle ( Hypoderma bovis ). See Gadfly .

Burrel shot <Xpage=194>

Bur"rel shot` (?) . [Either from annoying the enemy like a burrel fly , or, less probably, fr. F. bourreler to sting, torture.] (Gun.) A mixture of shot, nails, stones, pieces of old iron, etc., fired from a cannon at short range, in an emergency. [R.]

Burring machine <Xpage=194>

Burr"ing ma*chine" (?) . A machine for cleansing wool of burs, seeds, and other substances.

Burr millstone <Xpage=194>

Burr" mill"stone` (?) . See Buhrstone .

Burro <Xpage=194>

Bur"ro (?) , n. [Sp., an ass.] (Zo\'94l.) A donkey. [Southern U.S.]

Burrock <Xpage=194>

Bur"rock (?) , n. [Perh. from AS. burg , burh , hill + -ock .] A small weir or dam in a river to direct the stream to gaps where fish traps are placed.

Knight.

Burrow <Xpage=194>

Bur"row (?) , n. [See 1st Borough .] 1. An incorporated town. See 1st Borough .

2. A shelter; esp. a hole in the ground made by certain animals, as rabbits, for shelter and habitation.

3. (Mining) A heap or heaps of rubbish or refuse.

4. A mound. See 3d Barrow , and Camp , n. , 5.

Burrow <Xpage=194>

Bur"row , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Burrowed (#) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Burrowing .] 1. To excavate a hole to lodge in, as in the earth; to lodge in a hole excavated in the earth, as conies or rabbits.

2. To lodge, or take refuge, in any deep or concealed place; to hide.

Sir, this vermin of court reporters, when they are forced into day upon one point, are sure to burrow in another. Burke.

Burrowing owl (Zo\'94l.) , a small owl of the western part of North America ( Speotyto cunicularia ), which lives in holes, often in company with the prairie dog.

Burrower <Xpage=194>

Bur"row*er (?) , n. One who, or that which, burrows; an animal that makes a hole under ground and lives in it.

Burrstone <Xpage=194>

Burr"stone` , n. See Buhrstone .

Burry <Xpage=194>

Burr"y (?) , a. Abounding in burs, or containing burs; resembling burs; as, burry wool .

Bursa <Xpage=194>

Bur"sa (?) , n. ; pl. Burs\'91 (<?/) . [L. See Burse .] (Anat.) Any sac or saclike cavity; especially, one of the synovial sacs, or small spaces, often lined with synovial membrane, interposed between tendons and bony prominences.

Bursal <Xpage=194>

Bur"sal (?) , a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to a bursa or to burs\'91.

Bursar <Xpage=194>

Bur"sar (?) , n. [LL. bursarius , fr. bursa purse. See Burse , and cf. Purser .] 1. A treasurer, or cash keeper; a purser; as, the bursar of a college, or of a monastery .

2. A student to whom a stipend or bursary is paid for his complete or partial support.

Bursarship <Xpage=194>

Bur"sar*ship , n. The office of a bursar.

Bursary <Xpage=194>

Bur"sa*ry (?) , n. ; pl. -ries (#) . [LL. bursaria . See Bursar .] 1. The treasury of a college or monastery.

2. A scholarship or charitable foundation in a university, as in scotland; a sum given to enable a student to pursue his studies. "No woman of rank or fortune but would have a bursary in her gift."

Southey.

Bursch <Xpage=194>

Bursch (?) , n. ; pl. Burschen (#) . [G., ultimately fr. LL. bursa . See Burse .] A youth; especially, a student in a german university.

Burse <Xpage=194>

Burse (?) , n. [LL. bursa , or F. bourse . See Bourse , and cf. Bursch , Purse .] 1. A purse; also, a vesicle; a pod; a hull. [Obs.]

Holland.

2. A fund or foundation for the maintenance of needy scholars in their studies; also, the sum given to the beneficiaries. [Scot.]

3. (Eccl.) An ornamental case of hold the corporal when not in use.

Shipley.

4. An exchange, for merchants and bankers, in the cities of continental Europe. Same as Bourse .

5. A kind of bazaar. [Obs.]

She says she went to the burse for patterns. Old Play.

Bursiculate <Xpage=194>

Bur*sic"u*late (?) , a. [See Burse .] (Bot.) Bursiform.

Bursiform <Xpage=194>

Bur"si*form (?) , a. [LL. bursa purse + -form .] Shaped like a purse.

Bursitis <Xpage=194>

Bur*si"tis (?) , n. [NL., fr. E. bursa + -itis .] (Med.) Inflammation of a bursa.

Burst <Xpage=194>

Burst (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Burst ; p. pr. & vb. n. Bursting . The past participle bursten is obsolete.] [OE. bersten , bresten , AS. berstan (pers. sing. berste , imp. sing. b\'91rst , imp. pl. burston , p.p. borsten ); akin to D. bersten , G. bersten , OHG. brestan , OS. brestan , Icel. bresta , Sw. brista , Dan. briste . Cf. Brast , Break .] 1. To fly apart or in pieces; of break open; to yield to force or pressure, especially to a sudden and violent exertion of force, or to pressure from within; to explode; as, the boiler had burst ; the buds will burst in spring.

From the egg that soon Bursting with kindly rupture, forth disclosed Their callow young. Milton.

Often used figuratively, as of the heart, in reference to a surcharge of passion, grief, desire, etc.

No, no, my heart will burst , an if I speak: And I will speak, that so my heart may burst . Shak.

2. To exert force or pressure by which something is made suddenly to give way; to break through obstacles or limitations; hence, to appear suddenly and unexpecedly or unaccountably, or to depart in such manner; -- usually with some qualifying adverb or preposition, as forth , out , away , into , upon , through , etc.

Tears, such as angels weep, burst forth. Milton.

And now you burst (ah cruel!) from my arms. Pope.

A resolved villain Whose bowels suddenly burst out. Shak.

We were the first that ever burst Into that silent sea. Coleridge.

To burst upon him like an earthquake. Goldsmith.

<page="195"> Page 195

Burst <Xpage=195>

Burst (?) , v. t. 1. To break or rend by violence, as by an overcharge or by strain or pressure, esp. from within; to force open suddenly; as, to burst a cannon; to burst a blood vessel; to burst open the doors.

My breast I'll burst with straining of my courage. Shak.

2. To break. [Obs.]

You will not pay for the glasses you have burst ? Shak.

He burst his lance against the sand below. Fairfax (Tasso).

3. To produce as an effect of bursting; as, to burst a hole through the wall .

Bursting charge . See under Charge .

Burst <Xpage=195>

Burst , n. 1. A sudden breaking forth; a violent rending; an explosion; as, a burst of thunder; a burst of applause; a burst of passion; a burst of inspiration.

Bursts of fox-hunting melody. W. Irving.

2. Any brief, violent evertion or effort; a spurt; as, a burst of speed .

3. A sudden opening, as of landscape; a stretch; an expanse. [R.] "A fine burst of country."

Jane Austen.

4. A rupture of hernia; a breach.

Bursten <Xpage=195>

Burst"en (?) , p. p. of Burst , v. i. [Obs.]

Burster <Xpage=195>

Burst"er (?) , n. One that bursts.

Burstwort <Xpage=195>

Burst"wort` (?) , n. (Bot.) A plant ( Herniaria glabra ) supposed to be valuable for the cure of hernia or rupture.

Burt <Xpage=195>

Burt (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) See Birt . [Prov. Eng.]

Burthen <Xpage=195>

Bur"then (?) , n. & v. t. See Burden . [Archaic]

Burton <Xpage=195>

Bur"ton (?) , n. [Cf. OE. & Prov. E. bort to press or indent anything.] (Naut.) A peculiar tackle, formed of two or more blocks, or pulleys, the weight being suspended of a hook block in the bight of the running part.

Bury <Xpage=195>

Bur"y (?) , n. [See 1st Borough .] 1. A borough; a manor; as, the Bury of St. Edmond's ; -- used as a termination of names of places; as, Canter bury , Shrews bury .

2. A manor house; a castle. [Prov. Eng.]

To this very day, the chief house of a manor, or the lord's seat, is called bury , in some parts of England. Miege.

Bury <Xpage=195>

Bur"y (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Buried (#) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Burying (#) .] [OE. burien , birien , berien , AS. byrgan ; akin to beorgan to protect, OHG. bergan , G. bergen , Icel. bjarga , Sw. berga , Dan. bierge , Goth . ba\'a1rgan . &root;95. Cf. Burrow .] 1. To cover out of sight, either by heaping something over, or by placing within something, as earth, etc.; to conceal by covering; to hide; as, to bury coals in ashes; to bury the face in the hands.

And all their confidence Under the weight of mountains buried deep. Milton.

2. Specifically: To cover out of sight, as the body of a deceased person, in a grave, a tomb, or the ocean; to deposit (a corpse) in its resting place, with funeral ceremonies; to inter; to inhume.

Lord, suffer me first to go and bury my father. Matt. viii. 21.

I'll bury thee in a triumphant grave. Shak.

3. To hide in oblivion; to put away finally; to abandon; as, to bury strife .

Give me a bowl of wine In this I bury all unkindness, Cassius. Shak.

Burying beetle (Zo\'94l.) , the general name of many species of beetles, of the tribe Necrophaga ; the sexton beetle; -- so called from their habit of burying small dead animals by digging away the earth beneath them. The larv\'91 feed upon decaying flesh, and are useful scavengers. -- To bury the hatchet , to lay aside the instruments of war, and make peace; -- a phrase used in allusion to the custom observed by the North American Indians, of burying a tomahawk when they conclude a peace.

Syn. -- To intomb; inter; inhume; inurn; hide; cover; conceal; overwhelm; repress.

Burying ground, Burying place <Xpage=195>

Bur"y*ing ground` , Bur"y*ing place . The ground or place for burying the dead; burial place.

Bus <Xpage=195>

Bus (?) , n. [Abbreviated from omni bus .] An omnibus. [Colloq.]

Busby <Xpage=195>