Chapter 201

3. One who, or that which, resembles another in distinctive qualities or traits of character.

He also that is slothful in his work is brother to him that is a great waster. Prov. xviii. 9.

That April morn Of this the very brother . Wordsworth.

&hand; In Scripture, the term brother is applied to a kinsman by blood more remote than a son of the same parents, as in the case of Abraham and Lot, Jacob and Laban. In a more general sense, brother or brethren is used for fellow-man or fellow-men .

For of whom such massacre Make they but of their brethren , men of men? Milton.

Brother Jonathan , a humorous designation for the people of the United States collectively. The phrase is said to have originated from Washington's referring to the patriotic Jonathan Trumbull, governor of Connecticut, as "Brother Jonathan." -- Blood brother . See under Blood .

Brother <Xpage=185>

Broth"er (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Brothered (#) .] To make a brother of; to call or treat as a brother; to admit to a brotherhood.

Sir W. Scott.

Brother german <Xpage=185>

Broth"er ger"man (?) . (Law) A brother by both the father's and mother's side, in contradistinction to a uterine brother , one by the mother only.

Bouvier.

Brotherhood <Xpage=185>

Broth"er*hood (?) , n. [ Brother + -hood .] 1. The state of being brothers or a brother.

2. An association for any purpose, as a society of monks; a fraternity.

3. The whole body of persons engaged in the same business, -- especially those of the same profession; as, the legal or medical brotherhood .

4. Persons, and, poetically, things, of a like kind.

A brotherhood of venerable trees. Wordsworth.

Syn. -- Fraternity; association; fellowship; sodality.

Brother-in-law <Xpage=185>

Broth"er-in-law` (?) , n. ; pl. Brothers-in -law (<?/) . The brother of one's husband or wife; also, the husband of one's sister; sometimes, the husband of one's wife's sister.

Brotherliness <Xpage=185>

Broth"er*li*ness (?) , n. The state or quality of being brotherly.

Brotherly <Xpage=185>

Broth"er*ly (?) , a. Of or pertaining to brothers; such as is natural for brothers; becoming to brothers; kind; affectionate; as, brotherly love .

Syn. -- Fraternal; kind; affectionate; tender.

Brotherly <Xpage=185>

Broth"er*ly , adv. Like a brother; affectionately; kindly. "I speak but brotherly of him."

Shak.

Brouded <Xpage=185>

Broud"ed (?) , p.a. Braided; broidered. [Obs.]

Alle his clothes brouded up and down. Chaucer.

Brougham <Xpage=185>

Brough"am (?) , n. A light, close carriage, with seats inside for two or four, and the fore wheels so arranged as to turn short.

Brow <Xpage=185>

Brow (?) , n. [OE. browe , bruwe , AS. br<?/ ; akin to AS. br<?/w , bre\'a0w , eyelid, OFries. br\'c7 , D. braauw , Icel. br\'be , br<?/n , OHG. pr\'bewa , G. braue , OSlav. br<?/v<?/ , Russ. brove , Ir. brai , Ir. & Gael. abhra , Armor. abrant , Gr. <?/, Skr. bhr<?/ . Cf. Bray a bank, Bridge .] 1. The prominent ridge over the eye, with the hair that covers it, forming an arch above the orbit.

And his arched brow , pulled o'er his eyes, With solemn proof proclaims him wise. Churchill.

2. The hair that covers the brow (ridge over the eyes); the eyebrow.

'T is not your inky brows , your brack silk hair. Shak.

3. The forehead; as, a feverish brow .

Beads of sweat have stood upon thy brow . Shak.

4. The general air of the countenance.

To whom thus Satan with contemptuous brow . Milton.

He told them with a masterly brow . Milton.

5. The edge or projecting upper aprt of a steep place; as, the brow of a precipice; the brow of a hill.

To bend the brow , To knit the brows , to frown; to scowl.

Brow <Xpage=185>

Brow , v. t. To bound to limit; to be at, or form, the edge of. [R.]

Tending my flocks hard by i' the hilly crofts That brow this bottom glade. Milton.

Browbeat <Xpage=185>

Brow"beat` (?) , v. t. [ imp. Browbeat ; p. p. Browbeaten (#) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Browbeating .] To depress or bear down with haughty, stern looks, or with arrogant speech and dogmatic assertions; to abash or disconcert by impudent or abusive words or looks; to bully; as, to browbeat witnesses .

My grandfather was not a man to be browbeaten . W. Irving.

Browbeating <Xpage=185>

Brow"beat`ing , n. The act of bearing down, abashing, or disconcerting, with stern looks, suspercilious manners, or confident assertions.

The imperious browbeating and scorn of great men. L'Estrange.

Browbound <Xpage=185>

Brow"bound` (?) , a. Crowned; having the head encircled as with a diadem.

Shak.

Browdyng <Xpage=185>

Browd"yng (?) , n. Embroidery. [Obs.]

Of goldsmithrye, of browdying , and of steel. Chaucer.

Browed <Xpage=185>

Browed (?) , a. Having (such) a brow; -- used in composition; as, dark- browed , stern- browed .

Browless <Xpage=185>

Brow"less (?) , a. Without shame.

L. Addison.

Brown <Xpage=185>

Brown (?) , a. [ Compar. Browner (?) ; superl. Brownest .] [OE. brun , broun , AS. br<?/n ; akin to D. bruin , OHG. br<?/n , Icel. br<?/nn , Sw. brun , Dan. bruun , G. braun , Lith. brunas , Skr. babhru . \'fb93, 253. Cf. Bruin , Beaver , Burnish , Brunette .] Of a dark color, of various shades between black and red or yellow.

Cheeks brown as the oak leaves. Longfellow.

Brown Bess , the old regulation flintlock smoothbore musket, with bronzed barrel, formerly used in the British army. -- Brown bread (a) Dark colored bread; esp. a kind made of unbolted wheat flour, sometimes called in the United States Graham bread . "He would mouth with a beggar though she smelt brown bread and garlic." Shak . (b) Dark colored bread made of rye meal and Indian meal, or of wheat and rye or Indian; rye and Indian bread. [U.S.] -- Brown coal , wood coal. See Lignite . -- Brown hematite or Brown iron ore (Min.) , the hydrous iron oxide, limonite, which has a brown streak. See Limonite . -- Brown holland . See under Holland . -- Brown paper , dark colored paper, esp. coarse wrapping paper, made of unbleached materials. -- Brown spar (Min.) , a ferruginous variety of dolomite, in part identical with ankerite. -- Brown stone . See Brownstone . -- Brown stout , a strong kind of proter or malt liquor. -- Brown study , a state of mental abstraction or serious reverie.

W. Irving.

Brown <Xpage=185>

Brown , n. A dark color inclining to red or yellow, resulting from the mixture of red and black, or of red, black, and yellow; a tawny, dusky hue.

Brown <Xpage=185>

Brown , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Browned (#) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Browning .] 1. To make brown or dusky.

A trembling twilight o'er welkin moves,< qex>Browns the dim void and darkens deep the groves. Barlow.

2. To make brown by scorching slightly; as, to brown meat or flour .

3. To give a bright brown color to, as to gun barrels, by forming a thin coat of oxide on their surface.

Ure.

Brown <Xpage=185>

Brown , v. i. To become brown.

Brownback <Xpage=185>

Brown"back` (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) The dowitcher or red-breasted snipe. See Dowitcher .

Brown bill <Xpage=185>

Brown" bill` (?) . [ Brown + bill cutting tool.] A bill or halberd of the 16th and 17th centuries. See 4th Bill .

Many time, but for a sallet, my brainpan had been cleft with a brown bill . Shak.

&hand; The black , or as it is sometimes called, the brown bill , was a kind of halberd, the cutting part hooked like a woodman's bill, from the back of which projected a spike, and another from the head.

Grose.

Brownian <Xpage=185>

Brown"i*an (?) , a. Pertaining to Dr. Robert Brown , who first demonstrated (about 1827) the commonness of the motion described below.

Brownian movement , the peculiar, rapid, vibratory movement exhibited by the microscopic particles of substances when suspended in water or other fluids.

Brownie <Xpage=185>

Brown"ie (?) , n. [So called from its supposed tawny or swarthy color.] An imaginary good-natured spirit, who was supposed often to perform important services around the house by night, such as thrashing, churning, sweeping. [Scot.]

Browning <Xpage=185>

Brown"ing , n. 1. The act or operation of giving a brown color, as to gun barrels, etc.

2. (Masonry) A smooth coat of brown mortar, usually the second coat, and the preparation for the finishing coat of plaster.

Brownish <Xpage=185>

Brown"ish , a. Somewhat brown.

Brownism <Xpage=185>

Brown"ism (?) , n. (Eccl. Hist.) The views or teachings of Robert Brown of the Brownists.

Milton.

Brownism <Xpage=185>

Brown"ism , n. (Med.) The doctrines of the Brunonian system of medicine. See Brunonian .

Brownist <Xpage=185>

Brown"ist , n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Robert Brown , of England, in the 16th century, who taught that every church is complete and independent in itself when organized, and consists of members meeting in one place, having full power to elect and depose its officers.

Brownist <Xpage=185>

Brown"ist , n. (Med.) One who advocates the Brunonian system of medicine.

Brownness <Xpage=185>

Brown"ness , n. The quality or state of being brown.

Now like I brown (O lovely brown thy hair); Only in brownness beauty dwelleth there. Drayton.

Brownstone <Xpage=185>

Brown"stone` (?) , n. A dark variety of sandstone, much used for building purposes.

Brown thrush <Xpage=185>

Brown" thrush" (?) . (Zo\'94l.) A common American singing bird ( Harporhynchus rufus ), allied to the mocking bird; -- also called brown thrasher .

Brownwort <Xpage=185>

Brown"wort` (?) , n. (Bot.) A species of figwort or Scrophularia ( S. vernalis ), and other species of the same genus, mostly perennials with inconspicuous coarse flowers.

Browny <Xpage=185>

Brown"y (?) , a. Brown or, somewhat brown. " Browny locks."

Shak.

Browpost <Xpage=185>

Brow"post` (?) , n. (Carp.) A beam that goes across a building.

Browse <Xpage=185>

Browse (?) , n. [OF. brost , broust , sprout, shoot, F. brout browse, browsewood, prob. fr. OHG. burst , G. borste , bristle; cf. also Armor. brousta to browse. See Bristle , n. , Brush , n. ] The tender branches or twigs of trees and shrubs, fit for the food of cattle and other animals; green food.

Spenser.

Sheep, goats, and oxen, and the nobler steed, On browse , and corn, and flowery meadows feed. Dryden.

Browse <Xpage=185>

Browse , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Browsed (#) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Browsing .] [For broust , OF. brouster , bruster , F. brouter . See Browse , n. , and cf. Brut .] 1. To eat or nibble off, as the tender branches of trees, shrubs, etc.; -- said of cattle, sheep, deer, and some other animals.

Yes, like the stag, when snow the plasture sheets, The barks of trees thou browsedst . Shak.

2. To feed on, as pasture; to pasture on; to graze.

Fields . . . browsed by deep-uddered kine. Tennyson.

<page="186"> Page 186

Browse <Xpage=186>

Browse (?) , v. i. 1. To feed on the tender branches or shoots of shrubs or trees, as do cattle, sheep, and deer.

2. To pasture; to feed; to nibble.

Shak.

Browser <Xpage=186>

Brows"er (?) , n. An animal that browses.

Browsewood <Xpage=186>

Browse"wood` (?) , n. Srubs and bushes upon which animals browse.

Browsing <Xpage=186>

Brows"ing , n. Browse; also, a place abounding with shrubs where animals may browse.

Browsings for the deer. Howell.

Browspot <Xpage=186>

Brow"spot` (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) A rounded organ between the eyes of the frog; the interocular gland.

Bruang <Xpage=186>

Bru*ang" (?) , n. [Native name.] (Zo\'94l.) The Malayan sun bear.

Brucine <Xpage=186>

Bru"cine (?) , n. [Cf. F. brucine , fr. James Bruce , a Scottish traveler.] (Chem.) A poweful vegetable alkaloid, found, associated with strychnine, in the seeds of different species of Strychnos , especially in the Nux vomica . It is less powerful than strychnine. Called also brucia and brucina .

Brucite <Xpage=186>

Bru"cite (?) , n. [Named after Dr. A. Bruce of New York.] (Min.) (a) A white, pearly mineral, occurring thin and foliated, like talc, and also fibrous; a native magnesium hydrate. (b) The mineral chondrodite. [R.]

Bruckeled <Xpage=186>

Bruck"eled (?) , a. Wet and dirty; begrimed. [Obs. or Dial.]

Herrick.

Bruh <Xpage=186>

Bruh (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) [Native name.] The rhesus monkey. See Rhesus .

Bruin <Xpage=186>

Bru"in (?) , n. [D. bruin brown. In the epic poem of "Reynard the Fox" the bear is so called from his color. See Brown , a. ] A bear; -- so called in popular tales and fables.

Bruise <Xpage=186>

Bruise (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Bruised (#) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Bruising .] [OE. brusen , brisen , brosen , bresen , AS. br<?/san or fr. OF. bruiser , bruisier , bruser , to break, shiver, perh. from OHG. brochis\'d3n . Cf. Break , v. t. ] 1. To injure, as by a blow or collision, without laceration; to contuse; as, to bruise one's finger with a hammer; to bruise the bark of a tree with a stone; to bruise an apple by letting it fall.

2. To break; as in a mortar; to bray, as minerals, roots, etc.; to crush.

Nor bruise her flowerets with the armed hoofs. Shak.

Syn. -- To pulverize; bray; triturate; pound; contuse.

Bruise <Xpage=186>

Bruise , v. i. To fight with the fists; to box.

Bruising was considered a fine, manly, old English custom. Thackeray.

Bruise <Xpage=186>

Bruise , n. An injury to the flesh of animals, or to plants, fruit, etc., with a blunt or heavy instrument, or by collision with some other body; a contusion; as, a bruise on the head; bruises on fruit.

From the sole of the foot even unto the head there is no soundness in it; but wounds, and bruises . Isa. i. 6.

Bruiser <Xpage=186>

Bruis"er (?) , n. 1. One who, or that which, bruises.

2. A boxer; a pugilist.

R. Browning.

Like a new bruiser on Broughtonic aand, Amid the lists our hero takes his stand. T. Warton.

3. A concave tool used in grinding lenses or the speculums of telescopes.

Knight.

Bruisewort <Xpage=186>

Bruise"wort` (?) , n. A plant supposed to heal bruises, as the true daisy, the soapwort, and the comfrey.

Bruit <Xpage=186>

Bruit (?) , n. [OE. bruit , brut , noise, bruit, F. bruit , fr. LL. brugitus ; cf. L. rugire to roar; perh. influenced by the source of E. bray to make a harsh noise, Armor. brud bruit.] 1. Report; rumor; fame.

The bruit thereof will bring you many friends. Shak.

2. [ French pron . <?/.] (Med.) An abnormal sound of several kinds, heard on auscultation.

Bruit <Xpage=186>

Bruit , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Bruited ; p. pr. & vb. n. Bruiting .] To report; to noise abroad.

I find thou art no less than fame hath bruited . Shak.

Brumaire <Xpage=186>

Bru`maire" (?) , n. [F., fr. L. bruma winter.] The second month of the calendar adopted by the first French republic. It began thirty days after the autumnal equinox. See Vendemiaire .

Brumal <Xpage=186>

Bru"mal (?) , a. [L. brumalis , fr. bruma winter: cf. F. brumal .] Of or pertaining to winter. "The brumal solstice."

Sir T. Browne.

Brume <Xpage=186>

Brume (?) , n. [F. brume winter season, mist, L. bruma winter.] Mist; fog; vapors. "The drifting brume ."

Longfellow.

Brummagem <Xpage=186>

Brum"ma*gem (?) , a. [ Birmingham (formerly Bromwycham), Eng., "the great mart and manufactory of gilt toys, cheap jewelry," etc.] Counterfeit; gaudy but worthless; sham. [Slang] "These Brummagem gentry."

Lady D. Hardy.

Brumous <Xpage=186>

Bru"mous (?) , a. Foggy; misty.

Brun <Xpage=186>

Brun (?) , n. [See Broun a brook.] Same as Brun , a brook. [Scot.]

Brunette <Xpage=186>

Bru*nette" (?) , n. [F. brunet , brunette , brownish, dim. of brun , brune , brown, fr. OHG. br<?/n . See Brown , a. ] A girl or woman with a somewhat brown or dark complexion. -- a. Having a dark tint.

Brunion <Xpage=186>

Brun"ion (?) , n. [F. brugnon (cf. It. brugna , prugna ), fr. L. prunum . See Prune , n. ] A nectarine.

Brunonian <Xpage=186>

Bru*no"ni*an (?) , a. Pertaining to, or invented by, Brown ; -- a term applied to a system of medicine promulgated in the 18th century by John Brown , of Scotland, the fundamental doctrine of which was, that life is a state of excitation produced by the normal action of external agents upon the body, and that disease consists in excess or deficiency of excitation.

Brunswick black <Xpage=186>

Bruns"wick black` (?) . See Japan black .

Brunswick green <Xpage=186>

Bruns"wick green` (?) . [G. Braunschweiger gr\'81n , first made at Brunswick, in Germany.] An oxychloride of copper, used as a green pigment; also, a carbonate of copper similarly employed.

Brunt <Xpage=186>