Chapter 1914

Yel"low*fish` (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) A rock trout ( Pleurogrammus monopterygius ) found on the coast of Alaska; -- called also striped fish , and Atka mackerel .

Yellow-golds <Xpage=1674>

Yel"low-golds` (?) , n. (Bot.) A certain plant, probably the yellow oxeye.

B. Jonson.

Yellowhammer <Xpage=1674>

Yel"low*ham`mer (?) , n. [For yellow-ammer , where ammer is fr. AS. amore a kind of bird; akin to G. ammer a yellow-hammer, OHG. amero .] (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European finch ( Emberiza citrinella ). The color of the male is bright yellow on the breast, neck, and sides of the head, with the back yellow and brown, and the top of the head and the tail quills blackish. Called also yellow bunting , scribbling lark , and writing lark . [Written also yellow-ammer .] (b) The flicker. [Local, U. S.]

Yellowing <Xpage=1674>

Yel"low*ing , n. The act or process of making yellow.

Softened . . . by the yellowing which time has given. G. Eliot.

Yellowish <Xpage=1674>

Yel"low*ish , a. Somewhat yellow; as, amber is of a yellowish color . -- Yel"low*ish*ness , n.

Yellowlegs <Xpage=1674>

Yel"low*legs` (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of long-legged sandpipers of the genus Totanus , in which the legs are bright yellow; -- called also stone snipe , tattler , telltale , yellowshanks ; and yellowshins . See Tattler , 2.

Yellowness <Xpage=1674>

Yel"low*ness , n. 1. The quality or state of being yellow; as, the yellowness of an orange .

2. Jealousy. [Obs.]

I will possess him with yellowness . Shak.

Yellowroot <Xpage=1674>

Yel"low*root` (?) , n. (Bot.) Any one of several plants with yellow roots. Specifically: (a) See Xanthorhiza . (b) Same as Orangeroot .

Yellows <Xpage=1674>

Yel"lows (?) , n. 1. (Far.) A disease of the bile in horses, cattle, and sheep, causing yellowness of the eyes; jaundice.

His horse . . . sped with spavins, rayed with the yellows . Shak.

2. (Bot.) A disease of plants, esp. of peach trees, in which the leaves turn to a yellowish color; jeterus.

3. (Zo\'94l.) A group of butterflies in which the predominating color is yellow. It includes the common small yellow butterflies. Called also redhorns , and sulphurs . See Sulphur .

Yellowseed <Xpage=1674>

Yel"low*seed` (?) , n. (Bot.) A kind of pepper grass ( Lepidium campestre ).

Yellowshanks, Yellowshins <Xpage=1674>

Yel"low*shanks` (?) , Yel"low*shins` (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) See Yellolegs .

Yellowtail <Xpage=1674>

Yel"low*tail` (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of marine carangoid fishes of the genus Seriola ; especially, the large California species ( S. dorsalis ) which sometimes weighs thirty or forty pounds, and is highly esteemed as a food fish; -- called also cavasina , and white salmon . (b) The mademoiselle, or silver perch. (c) The menhaden. (d) The runner, 12. (e) A California rockfish ( Sebastodes flavidus ). (f) The sailor's choice ( Diplodus rhomboides ).

&hand; Several other fishes are also locally called yellowtail .

Yellowthroat <Xpage=1674>

Yel"low*throat` (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of American ground warblers of the genus Geothlypis , esp. the Maryland yellowthroat ( G. trichas ), which is a very common species.

Yellowtop <Xpage=1674>

Yel"low*top` (?) , n. (Bot.) A kind of grass, perhaps a species of Agrostis .

Yellowwood <Xpage=1674>

Yel"low*wood` (?) , n. (Bot.) The wood of any one of several different kinds of trees; also, any one of the trees themselves. Among the trees so called are the Cladrastis tinctoria , an American leguminous tree; the several species of prickly ash ( Xanthoxylum ); the Australian Flindersia Oxleyana , a tree related to the mahogany; certain South African species of Podocarpus , trees related to the yew; the East Indian Podocarpus latifolia ; and the true satinwood ( Chloroxylon Swietenia ). All these Old World trees furnish valuable timber.

<page="1675"> Page 1675

Yellowwort <Xpage=1675>

Yel"low*wort` (?) , n. (Bot.) A European yellow-flowered, gentianaceous ( Chlora perfoliata ). The whole plant is intensely bitter, and is sometimes used as a tonic, and also in dyeing yellow.

Yelp <Xpage=1675>

Yelp (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Yelped (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Yelping .] [OE. yelpen , <?/elpen , to boast, boast noisily, AS. gielpan , gilpan , gylpan ; akin to OHG. gelph arrogant: cf. Icel. gj\'belpa to yelp. Cf. Yap .]

1. To boast. [Obs.]

I keep [care] not of armes for to yelpe . Chaucer.

2. To utter a sharp, quick cry, as a hound; to bark shrilly with eagerness, pain, or fear; to yaup.

A little herd of England's timorous deer, Mazed with a yelping kennel of French curs? Shak.

At the least flourish of a broomstick or ladle, he would fly to the door with a yelping precipitation. W. Irving.

Yelp <Xpage=1675>

Yelp , n. A sharp, quick cry; a bark.

Chaucer.

Yelper <Xpage=1675>

Yelp"er (?) , n. An animal that yelps, or makes a yelping noise. Specifically: (Zo\'94l.) (a) The avocet; -- so called from its sharp, shrill cry. [Prov. Eng.] (b) The tattler. [Local, U. S.]

Yeman <Xpage=1675>

Ye"man (?) , n. A yeoman. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Yen <Xpage=1675>

Yen (?) , n. The unit of value and account in Japan. Since Japan's adoption of the gold standard, in 1897, the value of the yen has been about 50 cents. The yen is equal to 100 sen .

Yend <Xpage=1675>

Yend (?) , v. t. To throw; to cast. [Prov. Eng.]

Yenite <Xpage=1675>

Ye"nite (?) , n. [After Jena , in Germany.] (Min.) A silicate of iron and lime occurring in black prismatic crystals; -- also called ilvaite . [Spelt also jenite .]

Yeoman <Xpage=1675>

Yeo"man (?) , n. ; pl. Yeomen (#) . [OE. yoman , \'f4eman , \'f4oman ; of uncertain origin; perhaps the first, syllable is akin to OFries. g\'be district, region, G. gau , OHG. gewi , gouwi , Goth. gawi . &root;100.]

1. A common man, or one of the commonly of the first or most respectable class; a freeholder; a man free born.

&hand; A yeoman in England is considered as next in order to the gentry. The word is little used in the United States, unless as a title in law proceedings and instruments, designating occupation, and this only in particular States.

2. A servant; a retainer. [Obs.]

A yeman hadde he and servants no mo. Chaucer.

3. A yeoman of the guard; also, a member of the yeomanry cavalry. [Eng.]

4. (Naut.) An interior officer under the boatswain, gunner, or carpenters, charged with the stowage, account, and distribution of the stores.

Yeoman of the guard , one of the bodyguard of the English sovereign, consisting of the hundred yeomen, armed with partisans, and habited in the costume of the sixteenth century. They are members of the royal household.

Yeomanlike <Xpage=1675>

Yeo"man*like` (?) , a. Resembling, or suitable to, a yeoman; yeomanly.

Yeomanly <Xpage=1675>

Yeo"man*ly , a. Pertaining to a yeoman; becoming or suitable to, a yeoman; yeomanlike.

B. Jonson.

Well could he dress his tackle yeomanly . Chaucer.

Yeomanry <Xpage=1675>

Yeo"man*ry (?) , n. 1. The position or rank of a yeoman. [Obs.] "His estate of yeomanry ."

Chaucer.

2. The collective body of yeomen, or freeholders.

The enfranchised yeomanry began to feel an instinct for dominion. Bancroft.

3. The yeomanry cavalry. [Eng.]

Yeomanry cavalry , certain bodies of volunteer cavalry liable to service in Great Britain only. [Eng.]

Yeorling <Xpage=1675>

Yeor"ling (?) , n. [Cf. Yellow .] (Zo\'94l.) The European yellow-hammer.

Yer <Xpage=1675>

Yer (?) , prep. Ere; before. [Obs.]

Sylvester.

Yerba <Xpage=1675>

Yer"ba (?) , n. [Sp.] (Bot.) An herb; a plant.

&hand; This word is much used in compound names of plants in Spanish; as, yerba buena [Sp., a good herb] , a name applied in Spain to several kinds of mint ( Mentha sativa , viridis , etc.), but in California universally applied to a common, sweet-scented labiate plant ( Micromeria Douglasii ).

Yerba dol osa . [Sp., herb of the she-bear.] A kind of buckthorn ( Rhamnus Californica ). -- Yerba mansa . [Sp., a mild herb, soft herb.] A plant ( Anemopsis Californica ) with a pungent, aromatic rootstock, used medicinally by the Mexicans and the Indians. -- Yerba reuma . [Cf. Sp. reuma rheum, rheumatism.] A low California undershrub ( Frankenia grandifolia ).

Yerd <Xpage=1675>

Yerd (?) , n. See 1st & 2d Yard . [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Yerk <Xpage=1675>

Yerk (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Yerked (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Yerking .] [See Yerk .]

1. To throw or thrust with a sudden, smart movement; to kick or strike suddenly; to jerk.

Their wounded steeds . . . Yerk out their armed heels at their dead masters. Shak.

2. To strike or lash with a whip. [Obs. or Scot.]

Yerk <Xpage=1675>

Yerk , v. i. 1. To throw out the heels; to kick; to jerk.

They flirt, they yerk , they backward . . . fling. Drayton.

2. To move a quick, jerking motion.

Yerk <Xpage=1675>

Yerk , n. A sudden or quick thrust or motion; a jerk.

Yern <Xpage=1675>

Yern (?) , v. i. See 3d Yearn . [Obs.]

Yern <Xpage=1675>

Yern , a. [OE. \'f4ern , \'f4eorne , AS. georn desirous, eager. See Yearn to long.] Eager; brisk; quick; active. [Obs.] "Her song . . . loud and yern ."

Chaucer.

Yerne <Xpage=1675>

Yerne (?) , adv. [OE. \'f4eorne . See Yern , a. ] Eagerly; briskly; quickly. [Obs.]

Piers Plowman.

My hands and my tongue go so yerne . Chaucer.

Yernut <Xpage=1675>

Yer"nut` (?) , n. [Cf. Dan. jordn\'94d , Sw. jordn\'94t , earthnut. Cf. Jarnut .] An earthnut, or groundnut. See Groundnut (d) . [Written also yarnut .]

Yerst <Xpage=1675>

Yerst (?) , adv. See Erst . [Obs.]

Sylvester.

Yes <Xpage=1675>

Yes (?) , adv. [OE. yis , \'f4is , \'f4es , \'f4ise , AS. gese , gise ; probably fr. ge\'a0 yea + sw\'be so. &root;188. See Yea , and So .] Ay; yea; -- a word which expresses affirmation or consent; -- opposed to no .

&hand; Yes is used, like yea , to enforce, by repetition or addition, something which precedes; as, you have done all this -- yes , you have done more. " Yes , you despise the man books confined."

Pope.

&hand; "The fine distinction between \'bfyea' and \'bfyes,' \'bfnay' and \'bfno,' that once existed in English, has quite disappeared. \'bfYea' and \'bfnay' in Wyclif's time, and a good deal later, were the answers to questions framed in the affirmative. \'bfWill he come?' To this it would have been replied, \'bfYea' or \'bfNay', as the case might be. But, \'bfWill he not come?' To this the answer would have been \'bfYes' or \'bfNo.' Sir Thomas More finds fault with Tyndale, that in his translation of the Bible he had not observed this distinction, which was evidently therefore going out even then, that is, in the reign of Henry VIII.; and shortly after it was quite forgotten."

Trench.

Yest <Xpage=1675>

Yest (?) , n. See Yeast .

Shak.

Yester <Xpage=1675>

Yes"ter (?) , a. [See Yesterday .] Last; last past; next before; of or pertaining to yesterday.

[An enemy] whom yester sun beheld Mustering her charms. Dryden.

&hand; This word is now seldom used except in a few compounds; as, yester day, yester night, etc.

Yesterday <Xpage=1675>

Yes"ter*day (?) , n. [OE. \'f4isterdai , AS. geostran d\'91g , from geostran , geostra , giestran , gistran , gystran , yesterday (akin to D. gisteren , G. gestern , OHG. gestaron , Icel. g\'91r yesterday, to-morrow, Goth. gistradagis to-morrow, L. heri yesterday, Gr. <?/, Skr. hyas ) + d\'91g day. Cf. Hestern . <?/<?/<?/<?/.]

1. The day last past; the day next before the present.

All our yesterdays have lighted fools The way to dusty death. Shak.

We are but of yesterday , and know nothing. Job viii. 9.

2. Fig.: A recent time; time not long past.

The proudest royal houses are but of yesterday , when compared with the line of supreme pontiffs. Macaulay.

Yesterday <Xpage=1675>

Yes"ter*day , adv. On the day last past; on the day preceding to-day; as, the affair took place yesterday .

Yestereve, Yester-evening <Xpage=1675>

Yes"ter*eve` (?) , Yes"ter-e`ven*ing (?) , n. The evening of yesterday; the evening last past.

Yestermorn, Yester-morning <Xpage=1675>

Yes"ter*morn` (?) , Yes"ter-morn`ing , n. The morning of yesterday.

Coleridge.

Yestern <Xpage=1675>

Yes"tern (?) , a. [See Yester .] Of or pertaining to yesterday; relating to the day last past.

Yesternight <Xpage=1675>

Yes"ter*night` (?) , n. The last night; the night last past.

Yesternight <Xpage=1675>

Yes"ter*night` , adv. [AS. gystran niht . See Yesterday .] On the last night.

B. Jonson.

Yesternoon <Xpage=1675>

Yes"ter*noon` (?) , n. The noon of yesterday; the noon last past.

Yesterweek <Xpage=1675>

Yes"ter*week` (?) , n. The week last past; last week.

Yesteryear <Xpage=1675>

Yes"ter*year` (?) , n. The year last past; last year. <-- now also used to mean in olden days, not just last year. -->

Yestreen <Xpage=1675>

Yes`treen" (?) , n. Yester-evening; yesternight; last night. [R. or Scot.]

Yestreen I did not know How largely I could live. Bp. Coxe.

Yesty <Xpage=1675>

Yest"y (?) , a. See Yeasty .

Shak.

Yet <Xpage=1675>

Yet (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of large marine gastropods belonging to the genus Yetus , or Cymba ; a boat shell.

Yet <Xpage=1675>

Yet , adv. [OE. yet , \'f4et , \'f4it , AS. git , gyt , giet , gieta ; akin to OFries. ieta , eta , ita , MHG. iezuo , ieze , now, G. jetzo , jetzt .]

1. In addition; further; besides; over and above; still. "A little longer; yet a little longer."

Dryden.

This furnishes us with yet one more reason why our savior, lays such a particular stress acts of mercy. Atterbury.

The rapine is made yet blacker by the pretense of piety and justice. L'Estrange.

2. At the same time; by continuance from a former state; still.

Facts they had heard while they were yet heathens. Addison.

3. Up to the present time; thus far; hitherto; until now; -- and with the negative, not yet , not up to the present time; not as soon as now; as, Is it time to go? Not yet . See As yet , under As , conj.

Ne never yet no villainy ne said. Chaucer.

4. Before some future time; before the end; eventually; in time. "He 'll be hanged yet ."

Shak.

5. Even; -- used emphatically.

Men may not too rashly believe the confessions of witches, nor yet the evidence against them. Bacon.

Yet <Xpage=1675>

Yet (?) , conj. Nevertheless; notwithstanding; however.

Yet I say unto you, That even Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these. Matt. vi. 29.

Syn. -- See However .

Yeve <Xpage=1675>

Yeve (?) , v. i. To give. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Yeven <Xpage=1675>

Yev"en (?) , p. p. Given. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Yew <Xpage=1675>

Yew (?) , v. i. See Yaw .

Yew <Xpage=1675>

Yew , n. [OE. ew , AS. e\'a2w , \'c6w , eoh ; akin to D. ijf , OHG. \'c6wa , \'c6ha , G. eibe , Icel. <?/r ; cf. Ir. iubhar , Gael. iubhar , iughar , W. yw , ywen , Lith. j\'89va the black alder tree.]

1. (Bot.) An evergreen tree ( Taxus baccata ) of Europe, allied to the pines, but having a peculiar berrylike fruit instead of a cone. It frequently grows in British churchyards.

2. The wood of the yew. It is light red in color, compact, fine-grained, and very elastic. It is preferred to all other kinds of wood for bows and whipstocks, the best for these purposes coming from Spain.

&hand; The American yew ( Taxus baccata , var. Canadensis ) is a low and straggling or prostrate bush, never forming an erect trunk. The California yew ( Taxus brevifolia ) is a good-sized tree, and its wood is used for bows, spear handles, paddles, and other similar implements. Another yew is found in Florida, and there are species in Japan and the Himalayas.

3. A bow for shooting, made of the yew.

Yew <Xpage=1675>

Yew (&umac;) , a. Of or pertaining to yew trees; made of the wood of a yew tree; as, a yew whipstock .

Yewen <Xpage=1675>

Yew"en (?) , a. Made of yew; as, yewen bows .

Yex <Xpage=1675>

Yex (?) , v. i. [OE. \'f4exen , yesken , AS. giscian to sob.] To hiccough. [Written also yox , yux .] [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

He yexeth and he speaketh through the nose. Chaucer.

Yex <Xpage=1675>