Chapter 1852

Vit"ric (?) , a. [L. vitrum glass.] Having the nature and qualities of glass; glasslike; -- distinguished from ceramic .

Vitrifaction <Xpage=1615>

Vit`ri*fac"tion (?) , n. [Cf. Vitrification .] The act, art, or process of vitrifying; also, the state of being vitrified.

Vitrifacture <Xpage=1615>

Vit`ri*fac"ture (?; 135) , n. [L. vitrum glass + facere , factum , to make.] The manufacture of glass and glassware.

Vitrifiable <Xpage=1615>

Vit"ri*fi`a*ble (?) , a. [Cf. F. vitrifiable .] Capable of being vitrified, or converted into glass by heat and fusion; as, flint and alkalies are vitrifiable .

Vitrificable <Xpage=1615>

Vi*trif"i*ca*ble (?) , a. Vitrifiable. [Obs.]

Vitrificate <Xpage=1615>

Vit"ri*fi*cate (?) , v. t. To convert into glass; to vitrify. [Obs.]

Bacon.

Vitrification <Xpage=1615>

Vit`ri*fi*ca"tion (?) , n. [See Vitrify .] Same as Vitrifaction .

Sir T. Browne. Ure.

Vitrified <Xpage=1615>

Vit"ri*fied (?) , a. Converted into glass.

Vitriform <Xpage=1615>

Vit"ri*form (?) , a. [L. vitrum glass + -form .] Having the form or appearance of glass; resembling glass; glasslike.

Vitrify <Xpage=1615>

Vit"ri*fy (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Vitrified (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Vitrifying (?) .] [F. vitrifier ; L. vitrum glass + -ficare to make. See Vitreous , -fy .] To convert into, or cause to resemble, glass or a glassy substance, by heat and fusion.

Vitrify <Xpage=1615>

Vit"ri*fy , v. t. To become glass; to be converted into glass.

Chymists make vessels of animal substances, calcined, which will not vitrify in the fire. Arbuthnot.

Vitrina <Xpage=1615>

Vi*tri"na (?) , n. [NL., fr. L. vitrum glass.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of terrestrial gastropods, having transparent, very thin, and delicate shells, -- whence the name.

Vitriol <Xpage=1615>

Vit"ri*ol (?) , n. [F. vitriol ; cf. Pr. vitriol , vetriol , Sp. & Pg. vitriolo , It. vitriuolo ; fr. L. vitreolus of glass, vitreus vitreous. See Vitreous .] (Chem.) (a) A sulphate of any one of certain metals, as copper, iron, zinc, cobalt. So called on account of the glassy appearance or luster. (b) Sulphuric acid; -- called also oil of vitriol . So called because first made by the distillation of green vitriol. See Sulphuric acid , under Sulphuric . [Colloq.]

Blue vitriol . See under Blue . -- Green vitriol , ferrous sulphate; copperas. See under Green . -- Oil of vitriol , sulphuric or vitriolic acid; -- popularly so called because it has the consistency of oil. -- Red vitriol , a native sulphate of cobalt. -- Vitriol of Mars , ferric sulphate, a white crystalline substance which dissolves in water, forming a red solution. -- White vitriol , zinc sulphate, a white crystalline substance used in medicine and in dyeing. It is usually obtained by dissolving zinc in sulphuric acid, or by roasting and oxidizing certain zinc ores. Formerly called also vitriol of zinc .

Vitriolate <Xpage=1615>

Vit"ri*o*late (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Vitriolated (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Vitriolating .] (Old Chem.) (a) To convert into, or change to, a vitriol; to make into sulphuric acid or a sulphate. (b) To subject to the action of, or impregnate with, vitriol.

Vitriolate <Xpage=1615>

Vit"ri*o*late (?) , a. Vitriolated. [R.]

Vitriolate <Xpage=1615>

Vit"ri*o*late , n. (Old Chem.) A sulphate.

Vitriolated <Xpage=1615>

Vit"ri*o*la`ted (?) , a. (Old Chem.) Changed into a vitriol or a sulphate, or subjected to the action of sulphuric acid or of a sulphate; as, vitriolated potash, i. e. , potassium sulphate .

Vitriolation <Xpage=1615>

Vit`ri*o*la"tion (?) , n. (Old Chem.) The act, process, or result of vitriolating.

Vitriolic <Xpage=1615>

Vit`ri*ol"ic (?) , a. [Cf. F. vitriolique .] (Chem.) Of or pertaining to vitriol; derived from, or resembling, vitriol; vitriolous; as, a vitriolic taste . Cf. Vitriol .

Vitriolic acid (Old Chem.) , (a) sulphuric acid. See Vitriol (b) . [Colloq.]

Vitriolizable <Xpage=1615>

Vit"ri*ol*i`za*ble (?) , a. Capable of being converted into a vitriol.

Vitriolization <Xpage=1615>

Vit`ri*ol*i*za"tion (?) , n. [Cf. F. vitriolisation .] (Old Chem.) The act of vitriolizing, or the state of being vitriolized; vitriolation.

Vitriolize <Xpage=1615>

Vit"ri*ol*ize (?) , v. t. [Cf. F. vitrioliser .] To convert into a vitriol; to vitriolate.

Vitriolous <Xpage=1615>

Vi*tri"o*lous (?) , a. See Vitriolic . [Obs.]

Vitrite <Xpage=1615>

Vit"rite (?) , n. [L. vitrum glass.] A kind of glass which is very hard and difficult to fuse, used as an insulator in electrical lamps and other apparatus.

Vitruvian <Xpage=1615>

Vi*tru"vi*an (?) , a. Of or pertaining to Vitruvius , an ancient Roman architect.

Vitruvian scroll (Arch.) , a name given to a peculiar pattern of scrollwork, consisting of convolved undulations. It is used in classical architecture.

Oxf. Gloss.

Vitta <Xpage=1615>

Vit"ta (?) , n. ; pl. Vitt\'91 (#) . [L. vitta ribbon, fillet.] 1. (Bot.) One of the oil tubes in the fruit of umbelliferous plants.

2. (Zo\'94l.) A band, or stripe, of color.

Vittate <Xpage=1615>

Vit"tate (?) , a. [L. vittatus bound with a fillet, fr. vitta fillet.] 1. (Bot.) Bearing or containing vitt\'91.

2. Striped longitudinally.

Vituline <Xpage=1615>

Vit"u*line (?; 277) , a. [L. vitulinus , fr. vitulus a calf. See Veal .] Of or pertaining to a calf or veal.

Vituperable <Xpage=1615>

Vi*tu"per*a*ble (?) , a. [L. vituperabilis : cf. F. vitup\'82rable .] Liable to, or deserving, vituperation, or severe censure.

Vituperate <Xpage=1615>

Vi*tu"per*ate (?; 277) , v. t. [L. vituperatus , p. p. of vituperare to blame, vituperate; vitium a fault + parare to prepare. See Vice a fault, and Pare , v. t. ] To find fault with; to scold; to overwhelm with wordy abuse; to censure severely or abusively; to rate.

Vituperation <Xpage=1615>

Vi*tu`per*a"tion (?) , n. [L. vituperatio : cf. OF. vituperation . See Vituperate .] The act of vituperating; abuse; severe censure; blame.

When a man becomes untractable and inaccessible by fierceness and pride, then vituperation comes upon him. Donne.

Vituperative <Xpage=1615>

Vi*tu"per*a*tive (?) , a. Uttering or writing censure; containing, or characterized by, abuse; scolding; abusive. -- Vi*tu"per*a*tive*ly , adv.

Vituperative appellations derived from their real or supposed ill qualities. B. Jonson.

Vituperator <Xpage=1615>

Vi*tu"per*a`tor (?) , n. [L.] One who vituperates, or censures abusively.

Vituperrious <Xpage=1615>

Vi`tu*per"ri*ous (?) , a. Worthy of vituperation; shameful; disgraceful. [Obs.]

Vivace <Xpage=1615>

Vi*va"ce (?) , a. & adv. [It.] (Mus.) Brisk; vivacious; with spirit; -- a direction to perform a passage in a brisk and lively manner.

Vivacious <Xpage=1615>

Vi*va"cious (?; 277) , a. [L. v\'a1vax , -acis , fr. vivere to live. See Vivid .] 1. Having vigorous powers of life; tenacious of life; long-lived. [Obs.]

Hitherto the English bishops have been vivacious almost to wonder. . . . But five died for the first twenty years of her [Queen Elizabeth's] reign. Fuller.

The faith of Christianity is far more vivacious than any mere ravishment of the imagination can ever be. I. Taylor.

2. Sprightly in temper or conduct; lively; merry; as, a vivacious poet . " Vivacious nonsense."

V. Knox.

3. (Bot.) Living through the winter, or from year to year; perennial. [R.]

Syn. -- Sprightly; active; animated; sportive; gay; merry; jocund; light-hearted.

-- Vi*va"cious*ly , adv. -- Vi*va"cious*ness , n.

Vivacity <Xpage=1615>

Vi*vac"i*ty (?) , n. [L. vivicitas : cf. F. vivacit\'82 .] The quality or state of being vivacious. Specifically: --

(a) Tenacity of life; vital force; natural vigor. [Obs.]

The vivacity of some of these pensioners is little less than a miracle, they lived so long. Fuller.

(b) Life; animation; spiritedness; liveliness; sprightliness; as, the vivacity of a discourse; a lady of great vivacity ; vivacity of countenance .

Syn. -- Liveliness; gayety. See Liveliness .

Vivandi\'8are <Xpage=1615>

Vi`van`di\'8are" (?) , n. [F. See Viand .] In Continental armies, especially in the French army, a woman accompanying a regiment, who sells provisions and liquor to the soldiers; a female sutler.

Vivarium <Xpage=1615>

Vi*va"ri*um (?) , n. ; pl. E. Vivariums (#) , L. Vivaria (#) . [L., fr. vivarius belonging to living creatures, fr. vivus alive, living. See Vivid .] A place artificially arranged for keeping or raising living animals, as a park, a pond, an aquarium, a warren, etc.

Vivary <Xpage=1615>

Vi"va*ry (?) , n. ; pl. Vivaries (<?/) . A vivarium. "That . . . vivary of fowls and beasts."

Donne.

Viva voce <Xpage=1615>

Vi"va vo"ce (?) . [L.] By word of mouth; orally.

Vivda <Xpage=1615>

Viv"da (?) , n. See Vifda .

Vive <Xpage=1615>

Vive (v&emac;v) . [F., imperative sing. pres. fr. vivre to live, L. vivere .] Long live, that is, success to; as, vive le roi , long live the king; vive la bagatelle , success to trifles or sport.

Vive <Xpage=1615>

Vive (v&imac;v) , a. [L. vivus : cf. F. vif . See Vivid .] Lively; animated; forcible. [Obs.]

Bacon.

Vively <Xpage=1615>

Vive"ly , adv. In a lively manner. [Obs.]

If I see a thing vively represented on the stage. B. Jonson.

Vivency <Xpage=1615>

Vi"ven*cy (?) , n. [L. vivens , p. pr. of vivere to live.] Manner of supporting or continuing life or vegetation. [Obs.]

Sir T. Browne.

Viverra <Xpage=1615>

Vi*ver"ra (?) , n. [L., a ferret.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of carnivores which comprises the civets.

Viverrine <Xpage=1615>

Vi*ver"rine (?) , a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Viverrid\'91 , or Civet family.

Vivers <Xpage=1615>

Vi"vers (?) , n. pl. [F. vivres , pl. of vivre , orig., to live.] Provisions; victuals. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

I 'll join you at three, if the vivers can tarry so long. Sir W. Scott.

Vives <Xpage=1615>

Vives (?) , n. [OF. vives , F. avives (cf. Sp. abivas , adiva ) fr. Ar. ad-dh\'c6ba . Cf. Fives vives.] (Far.) A disease of brute animals, especially of horses, seated in the glands under the ear, where a tumor is formed which sometimes ends in suppuration.

Vivianite <Xpage=1615>

Viv"i*an*ite (?) , n. [So called by Werner after the English mineralogist F. G. Vivian .] (Min.) A hydrous phosphate of iron of a blue to green color, growing darker on exposure. It occurs in monoclinic crystals, also fibrous, massive, and earthy.

Vivid <Xpage=1615>

Viv"id (?) , a. [L. vividus , from vivere to life; akin to vivus living. See Quick , a. , and cf. Revive , Viand , Victuals , Vital .] 1. True to the life; exhibiting the appearance of life or freshness; animated; spirited; bright; strong; intense; as, vivid colors .

In dazzling streaks the vivid lightnings play. Cowper.

Arts which present, with all the vivid charms of painting, the human face and human form divine. Bp. Hobart.

2. Forming brilliant images, or painting in lively colors; lively; sprightly; as, a vivid imagination .

Body is a fit workhouse for sprightly, vivid faculties to exercise . . . themselves in. South.

Syn. -- Clear; lucid; bright; strong; striking; lively; quick; sprightly; active.

-- Viv"id*ly , adv. -- Viv"id*ness , n.

Vividity <Xpage=1615>

Vi*vid"i*ty (?) , n. The quality or state of being vivid; vividness. [R.]

Vivific, Vivifical <Xpage=1615>

Vi*vif"ic (?) , Vi*vif"ic*al (?) , a. [L. vivificus : cf. F. vivifique . See Vivify .] Giving life; reviving; enlivening. [R.]

Vivificate <Xpage=1615>

Vi*vif"i*cate (?) , v. t. [L. vivificatus , p. p. vivificare . See Vivify .] 1. To give life to; to animate; to revive; to vivify. [R.]

God vivificates and actuates the whole world. Dr. H. More.

2. (Chem.) To bring back a metal to the metallic form, as from an oxide or solution; to reduce. [Obs.]

Vivification <Xpage=1615>

Viv`i*fi*ca"tion (?) , n. [L. vivificatio : cf. vivification .] 1. The act of vivifying, or the state of being vivified; restoration of life; revival.

Bacon.

2. (Physiol.) One of the changes of assimilation, in which proteid matter which has been transformed, and made a part of the tissue or tissue cells, is endowed with life, and thus enabled to manifest the phenomena of irritability, contractility, etc.

McKendrick.

3. (Chem.) The act or process of vivificating. [Obs.]

Vivificative <Xpage=1615>

Viv"i*fi*ca*tive (?) , a. Able or tending to vivify, animate, or give life; vivifying.

Vivify <Xpage=1615>

Viv"i*fy (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Vivified (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Vivifying (?) .] [F. vivifier , L. vivificare . See Vivid , -fy ; cf. Vivificate .] To endue with life; to make to be living; to quicken; to animate.

Sitting on eggs doth vivify , not nourish. Bacon.

Vivipara <Xpage=1615>

Vi*vip"a*ra (?) , n. pl. [NL. See Viviparous .] (Zo\'94l.) An artificial division of vertebrates including those that produce their young alive; -- opposed to Ovipara .

Viviparity <Xpage=1615>

Viv`i*par"i*ty (?) , n. (Biol.) The quality or condition of being viviparous.

H. Spencer.

<page="1616"> Page 1616

Viviparous <Xpage=1616>

Vi*vip"a*rous (?) , a. [L. viviparus ; vivus alive + parere to bear, bring forth. Cf. Viper .] (Biol.) Producing young in a living state, as most mammals, or as those plants the offspring of which are produced alive, either by bulbs instead of seeds, or by the seeds themselves germinating on the plant, instead of falling, as they usually do; -- opposed to oviparous .

Viviparous fish . (Zo\'94l.) See Embiotocoid . -- Viviparous shell (Zo\'94l.) , any one of numerous species of operculated fresh-water gastropods belonging to Viviparus , Melantho , and allied genera. Their young, when born, have a well-developed spiral shell.

Viviparously <Xpage=1616>

Vi*vip"a*rous*ly , adv. (Biol.) In a viviparous manner.

Viviparousness <Xpage=1616>

Vi*vip"a*rous*ness , n. (Biol.) The quality of being viviparous; viviparity.

Vivisect <Xpage=1616>

Viv"i*sect` (?) , v. t. To perform vivisection upon; to dissect alive. [Colloq.]

Pop. Sci. Monthly.

Vivisection <Xpage=1616>

Viv`i*sec"tion (?) , n. [L. vivus alive + E. section : cf. F. vivisection . See Vivid , and Section .] The dissection of an animal while alive, for the purpose of making physiological investigations.

Vivisectional <Xpage=1616>

Viv`i*sec"tion*al (?) , a. Of or pertaining to vivisection.

Vivisectionist <Xpage=1616>

Viv`i*sec"tion*ist , n. One who practices or advocates vivisection; a vivisector.

Vivisector <Xpage=1616>

Viv`i*sec"tor (?) , n. A vivisectionist.

Vixen <Xpage=1616>

Vix"en (?) , n. [AS. fixen a she-fox, for fyxen , fem. of fox . See Fox .] 1. A female fox. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

2. A cross, ill-tempered person; -- formerly used of either sex, now only of a woman.

Barrow.

She was a vixen when she went to school. Shak.

Vixenish <Xpage=1616>

Vix"en*ish , a. Of or pertaining to a vixen; resembling a vixen.

Vixenly <Xpage=1616>

Vix"en*ly , a. Like a vixen; vixenish.

Barrow.

Viz <Xpage=1616>

Viz (?) , adv. [Contr. fr. videlicet .] To wit; that is; namely.

Vizard <Xpage=1616>

Viz"ard (?) , n. [See Visor .] A mask; a visor. [Archaic] "A grotesque vizard ."

Sir W. Scott.

To mislead and betray them under the vizard of law. Milton.

Vizarded <Xpage=1616>

Viz"ard*ed , a. Wearing a vizard. [R.]

Shak.

Vizcacha <Xpage=1616>

Viz*ca"cha (?) , n. [Sp.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Viscacha .

Vizier <Xpage=1616>

Viz"ier (?) , n. [Ar. wez\'c6r , waz\'c6r , properly, a bearer of burdens, a porter, from wazara to bear a burden: cf. F. vizir , visir . Cf. Alguazil .] A councilor of state; a high executive officer in Turkey and other Oriental countries. [Written also visier , vizir , and vizer .]

Grand vizier , the chief minister of the Turkish empire; -- called also vizier-azem .

Vizierate <Xpage=1616>

Viz"ier*ate (?) , n. [Cf. F. vizirat .] The office, dignity, or authority of a vizier.

Vizier-azem <Xpage=1616>

Vi*zier`-a*zem" (?) , n. [Ar. azam great. See Vizier .] A grand vizier. See under Vizier .