Chapter 1845

Vi*con"ti*el (?) , a. [From OE. vicounte a viscount. See Viscount .] (O. Eng. Law) Of or pertaining to the viscount or sheriff of a country.

Vicontiel rents . See Vicontiels . -- Vicontiel writs , such writs as were triable in the sheriff, or county, court.

Vicontiels <Xpage=1608>

Vi*con"ti*els (?) , n. pl. [See Vicontiel .] (O. Eng. Law) Things belonging to the sheriff; especially, farms (called also vicontiel rents ) for which the sheriff used to pay rent to the king.

Vicount <Xpage=1608>

Vi"count (?) , n. See Viscount .

Victim <Xpage=1608>

Vic"tim (?) , n. [L. victima : cf. F. victime .]

1. A living being sacrificed to some deity, or in the performance of a religious rite; a creature immolated, or made an offering of.

Led like a victim , to my death I'll go. Dryden.

2. A person or thing destroyed or sacrificed in the pursuit of an object, or in gratification of a passion; as, a victim to jealousy, lust, or ambition .

3. A person or living creature destroyed by, or suffering grievous injury from, another, from fortune or from accident; as, the victim of a defaulter; the victim of a railroad accident .

4. Hence, one who is duped, or cheated; a dupe; a gull. [Colloq.]

Victimate <Xpage=1608>

Vic"tim*ate , v. t. [L. victimatus , p. p. of victimare to sacrifice.] To make a victim of; to sacrifice; to immolate. [Obs.]

Bullokar.

Victimize <Xpage=1608>

Vic"tim*ize (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Victimized (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Victimizing (?) .] To make a victim of, esp. by deception; to dupe; to cheat.

Victor <Xpage=1608>

Vic"tor (?) , n. [L. victor , fr. vincere , victum , to vanquish, to conquer. See Vanquish .] 1. The winner in a contest; one who gets the better of another in any struggle; esp., one who defeats an enemy in battle; a vanquisher; a conqueror; -- often followed by art , rarely by of .

In love, the victors from the vanquished fly; They fly that wound, and they pursue that die. Waller.

2. A destroyer. [R. & Poetic]

There, victor of his health, of fortune, friends, And fame, this lord of useless thousands ends. Pope.

Victor <Xpage=1608>

Vic"tor , a. Victorious. "The victor Greeks."

Pope.

Victoress <Xpage=1608>

Vic"tor*ess (?) , n. A victress. [Obs.]

Spenser.

Victoria <Xpage=1608>

Vic*to"ri*a (?) , n. [NL.] 1. (Bot.) A genus of aquatic plants named in honor of Queen Victoria . The Victoria regia is a native of Guiana and Brazil. Its large, spreading leaves are often over five feet in diameter, and have a rim from three to five inches high; its immense rose-white flowers sometimes attain a diameter of nearly two feet.

2. A kind of low four-wheeled pleasure carriage, with a calash top, designed for two persons and the driver who occupies a high seat in front.

3. (Astron.) An asteroid discovered by Hind in 1850; -- called also Clio .

Victoria cross , a bronze Maltese cross, awarded for valor to members of the British army or navy. It was first bestowed in 1857, at the close of the Crimean war. The recipients also have a pension of \'9c10 a year. -- Victoria green . (Chem.) See Emerald green , under Green . -- Victoria lily (Bot.) , the Victoria regia . See def. 1, above.

Victorian <Xpage=1608>

Vic*to"ri*an (?) , a. Of or pertaining to the reign of Queen Victoria of England; as, the Victorian poets .

Victorian period . See Dionysian period , under Dyonysian .

Victorine <Xpage=1608>

Vic`tor*ine" (?) , n. A woman's fur tippet.

Victorious <Xpage=1608>

Vic*to"ri*ous (?) , a. [L. victoriosus : cf. F. victorieux . See Victory .] Of or pertaining to victory, or a victor' being a victor; bringing or causing a victory; conquering; winning; triumphant; as, a victorious general; victorious troops; a victorious day .

But I shall rise victorious , and subdue My vanquisher. Milton.

Now are our brows bound wind victorious wreaths. Shak.

-- Vic*to"ri*ous*ly , adv. -- Vic*to"ri*ous*ness , n.

Victory <Xpage=1608>

Vic"to*ry (?) , n. ; pl. Victories (#) . [OE. victorie , OF. victorie , victoire , F. victoire , L. victoria . See Victor .] The defeat of an enemy in battle, or of an antagonist in any contest; a gaining of the superiority in any struggle or competition; conquest; triumph; -- the opposite of defeat .

Death is swallowed up in victory . 1 Cor. xv. 54.

God on our side, doubt not of victory . Shak.

Victory may be honorable to the arms, but shameful to the counsels, of a nation. Bolingbroke.

Victress <Xpage=1608>

Vic"tress (?) , n. [Cf. L. victrix .] A woman who wins a victory; a female victor.

Victrice <Xpage=1608>

Vic"trice (?) , n. A victress. [R.]

B. Jonson.

Victrix <Xpage=1608>

Vic"trix (?) , n. [L.] Victress.

C. Bront\'82.

Victual <Xpage=1608>

Vict"ual (?) , n. 1. Food; -- now used chiefly in the plural. See Victuals .

2 Chron. xi. 23. Shak.

He was not able to keep that place three days for lack of victual .

Knolles.

There came a fair-hair'd youth, that in his hand Bare victual for the movers. Tennyson.

Short allowance of victual . Longfellow.

2. Grain of any kind. [Scot.]

Jamieson.

Victual <Xpage=1608>

Vict"ual (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Victualed (?) or Victualled ; p. pr. & vb. n. Victualing or Victualling .] To supply with provisions for subsistence; to provide with food; to store with sustenance; as, to victual an army; to victual a ship .

I must go victual Orleans forthwith. Shak.

Victualage <Xpage=1608>

Vict"ual*age (?; 48) , n. Victuals; food. [R.] "With my cargo of victualage ."

C. Bront\'82.

<page="1609"> Page 1609

Victualer <Xpage=1609>

Vict"ual*er (?) , n. [F. victuailleur .] [Written also victualler .] 1. One who furnishes victuals.

2. One who keeps a house of entertainment; a tavern keeper; an innkeeper.

Shak.

3. A vessel employed to carry provisions, usually for military or naval use; a provision use; a provision ship.

4. One who deals in grain; a corn factor. [Scot.]

Licensed victualer . See under Licensed .

Victualing <Xpage=1609>

Vict"ual*ing , a. Of or pertaining to victuals, or provisions; supplying provisions; as, a victualing ship .

Victuals <Xpage=1609>

Vict"uals (?) , n. pl. [OE. vitaille , OF. vitaille , F. victuaille , pl. victuailles , fr. L. victualia , pl. of. victualis belonging to living or nourishment, fr. victus nourishment, from vivere , victum , to live; akin to vivus living. See Vivid .] Food for human beings, esp. when it is cooked or prepared for the table; that which supports human life; provisions; sustenance; meat; viands.

Then had we plenty of victuals . Jer. xliv. 17.

Victus <Xpage=1609>

Vic"tus (?) , n. [L.] (Zo\'94l.) Food; diet.

Vicu\'a4a, Vicugna <Xpage=1609>

Vi*cu"\'a4a , Vi*cu"gna (?) , n. [Sp. vicu\'a4a . Cf. Vigonia .] (Zo\'94l.) A South American mammal ( Auchenia vicunna ) native of the elevated plains of the Andes, allied to the llama but smaller. It has a thick coat of very fine reddish brown wool, and long, pendent white hair on the breast and belly. It is hunted for its wool and flesh.

Vida finch <Xpage=1609>

Vid"a finch` (?) . (Zo\'94l.) The whidah bird.

Vidame <Xpage=1609>

Vi*dame" (?) , n. [F., fr. LL. vice-dominus , fr. L. vice instead of + dominus master, lord.] (Fr. Feud. Law) One of a class of temporal officers who originally represented the bishops, but later erected their offices into fiefs, and became feudal nobles.

Vide <Xpage=1609>

Vi"de (?) , imperative sing. of L. videre , to see; -- used to direct attention to something; as, vide supra , see above .

Videlicet <Xpage=1609>

Vi*del"i*cet (?) , adv. [L., contr. fr. videre licet , literally, it is easy to see, one may or can see.] To wit; namely; -- often abbreviated to viz.

Vidette <Xpage=1609>

Vi*dette" (?) , n. (Mil.) Same Vedette .

Vidonia <Xpage=1609>

Vi*do"ni*a (?) , n. [Cf. Pg. vidonho the quality of grapes, Sp. vedu&ntil;o .] A dry white wine, of a tart flavor, produced in Teneriffe; -- called also Teneriffe .

Viduage <Xpage=1609>

Vid"u*age (?) , n. [See Vidual .] The state of widows or of widowhood; also, widows, collectively.

Vidual <Xpage=1609>

Vid"u*al (?) , a. [L. vidualis , fr. vidua a widow, fr. viduus widowed. See Widow .] Of or pertaining to the state of a widow; widowed. [R.]

Jer. Taylor.

Viduation <Xpage=1609>

Vid`u*a"tion (?) , n. The state of being widowed or bereaved; loss; bereavement. [R.]

Viduity <Xpage=1609>

Vi*du"i*ty (?) , n. [L. viduitas : cf. F. viduit\'82 .] Widowhood. [R.] "Chaste viduity ."

Ld. Ellenborough.

Vie <Xpage=1609>

Vie (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Vied (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Vying (?) .] [OE. vien , shortened fr. envien , OF. envier to invite, to challenge, a word used in gambling, L. invitare to invite; of uncertain origin. Cf. Invite , Envie .] 1. To stake a sum upon a hand of cards, as in the old game of gleek. See Revie . [Obs.]

2. To strive for superiority; to contend; to use emulous effort, as in a race, contest, or competition.

In a trading nation, the younger sons may be placed in such a way of life as . . . to vie with the best of their family. Addison.

While Waterloo with Cann\'91's carnage vies . Byron.

Vie <Xpage=1609>

Vie , v. t. 1. To stake; to wager. [Obs.]

B. Jonson.

2. To do or produce in emulation, competition, or rivalry; to put in competition; to bandy. [Obs.]

She hung about my neck; and kiss on kiss She vied so fast. Shak.

Nor was he set over us to vie wisdom with his Parliament, but to be guided by them. Milton.

And vying malice with my gentleness, Pick quarrels with their only happiness. Herbert.

Vie <Xpage=1609>

Vie , n. A contest for superiority; competition; rivalry; strife; also, a challenge; a wager. [Obs.]

We 'll all to church together instantly, And then a vie for boys. J. Fletcher.

Vielle <Xpage=1609>

Vi*elle" (?) , n. [F. Cf. Viol .] An old stringed instrument played upon with a wheel; a hurdy-gurdy.

Vienna paste <Xpage=1609>

Vi*en"na paste` (?) . (Pharm.) A caustic application made up of equal parts of caustic potash and quicklime; -- called also Vienna caustic .

Viennese <Xpage=1609>

Vi`en*nese" (?) , a. Of or pertaining to Vienna, or people of Vienna. -- n. sing. & pl. An inhabitant, or the inhabitants, of Vienna.

View <Xpage=1609>

View (?) , n. [OF. veue , F. vue , fr. OF. veoir to see, p. p. veu , F. voir , p. p. vu , fr. L. videre to see. See Vision , and cl. Interview , Purview , Review , Vista .] 1. The act of seeing or beholding; sight; look; survey; examination by the eye; inspection.

Thenceforth I thought thee worth my nearer view . Milton.

Objects near our view are thought greater than those of a larger size are more remote. Locke.

Surveying nature with too nice a view . Dryden.

2. Mental survey; intellectual perception or examination; as, a just view of the arguments or facts in a case .

I have with exact view perused thee, Hector. Shak.

3. Power of seeing, either physically or mentally; reach or range of sight; extent of prospect.

The walls of Pluto's palace are in view . Dryden.

4. That which is seen or beheld; sight presented to the natural or intellectual eye; scene; prospect; as, the view from a window .

'T is distance lends enchantment to the view . Campbell.

5. The pictorial representation of a scene; a sketch, <?/ither drawn or painted; as, a fine view of Lake George .

6. Mode of looking at anything; manner of apprehension; conception; opinion; judgment; as, to state one's views of the policy which ought to be pursued .

To give a right view of this mistaken part of liberty. Locke.

7. That which is looked towards, or kept in sight, as object, aim, intention, purpose, design; as, he did it with a view of escaping .

No man sets himself about anything but upon some view or other which serves him for a reason. Locke.

8. Appearance; show; aspect. [Obs.]

[Graces] which, by the splendor of her view Dazzled, before we never knew. Waller.

Field of view . See under Field . -- Point of view . See under Point . -- To have in view , to have in mind as an incident, object, or aim; as, to have one's resignation in view . -- View halloo , the shout uttered by a hunter upon seeing the fox break cover. -- View of frankpledge (Law) , a court of record, held in a hundred, lordship, or manor, before the steward of the leet. Blackstone . -- View of premises (Law) , the inspection by the jury of the place where a litigated transaction is said to have occurred.

View <Xpage=1609>

View (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Viewed (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Viewing .] 1. To see; to behold; especially, to look at with attention, or for the purpose of examining; to examine with the eye; to inspect; to explore.

O, let me view his visage, being dead. Shak.

Nearer to view his prey, and, unespied, To mark what of their state he more might learn. Milton.

2. To survey or examine mentally; to consider; as, to view the subject in all its aspects .

The happiest youth, viewing his progress through. Shak.

Viewer <Xpage=1609>

View"er (?) , n. 1. One who views or examines.

2. (Law) A person appointed to inspect highways, fences, or the like, and to report upon the same.

3. The superintendent of a coal mine. [Eng.]

Viewiness <Xpage=1609>

View"i*ness (?) , n. The quality or state of being viewy, or of having unpractical views.

Viewless <Xpage=1609>

View"less , a. Not perceivable by the eye; invisible; unseen. " Viewless winds."

Shak.

Swift through the valves the visionary fair Repassed, and viewless mixed with common air. Pope.

Viewly, Viewsome <Xpage=1609>

View"ly (?) , View"some (?) , a. Pleasing to the sight; sightly. [Prov. Eng.]

Viewy <Xpage=1609>

View"y (?) , a. 1. Having peculiar views; fanciful; visionary; unpractical; as, a viewy person .

2. Spectacular; pleasing to the eye or the imagination.

A government intent on showy absurdities and viewy enterprises rather than solid work. London Spectator.

Vifda <Xpage=1609>

Vif"da (?) , n. In the Orkney and Shetland Islands, beef and mutton hung and dried, but not salted. [Scot.] [Written also vivda .]

Jamieson.

Vigesimal <Xpage=1609>

Vi*ges"i*mal (?) , a. [L. vigesimus twentieth, from viginti twenty.] Twentieth; divided into, or consisting of, twenties or twenty parts.

Tylor.

Vigesimation <Xpage=1609>

Vi*ges`i*ma"tion (?) , n. The act of putting to death every twentieth man. [R.]

Vigesimo-quarto <Xpage=1609>

Vi*ges"i*mo-quar"to (?) , a. [L. vigesimus quartus twenty-fourth. Cf. Duodecimo .] Having twenty-four leaves to a sheet; as, a vigesimo-quarto form, book, leaf, size, etc .

Vigesimo-quarto <Xpage=1609>

Vi*ges"i*mo-quar"to , n. ; pl. -tos (<?/) . A book composed of sheets each of which is folded into twenty-four leaves; hence, indicating more or less definitely a size of book so made; -- usually written 24mo , or 24&deg; .

Vigil <Xpage=1609>

Vig"il (?) , n. [OE. vigile , L. vigilia , from vigil awake, watchful, probably akin to E. wake : cf. F. vigile . See Wake , v. i. , and cf. Reveille , Surveillance , Vedette , Vegetable , Vigor .] 1. Abstinence from sleep, whether at a time when sleep is customary or not; the act of keeping awake, or the state of being awake, or the state of being awake; sleeplessness; wakefulness; watch. "Worn out by the labors and vigils of many months."

Macaulay.

Nothing wears out a fine face like the vigils of the card table and those cutting passions which attend them. Addison.

2. Hence, devotional watching; waking for prayer, or other religious exercises.

So they in heaven their odes and vigils tuned. Milton.

Be sober and keep vigil , The Judge is at the gate. Neale (Rhythm of St. Bernard).

3. (Eccl.) (a) Originally, the watch kept on the night before a feast. (b) Later, the day and the night preceding a feast.

He that shall live this day, and see old age, Will yearly on the vigil feast his neighbors, And say, "To-morrow is St. Crispian." Shak.

(c) A religious service performed in the evening preceding a feast.

Vigils, &or; Watchings , of flowers (Bot.) , a peculiar faculty belonging to the flowers of certain plants of opening and closing their petals as certain hours of the day. [R.]

Vigilance <Xpage=1609>

Vig"i*lance (?) , n. [L. vigilantia : cf. F. vigilance .] 1. The quality or state of being vigilant; forbearance of sleep; wakefulness.