Chapter 1844

Vi`bra*til"i*ty (?) , n. [Cf. F. vibratilit\'82 .] The quality or state of being vibratile; disposition to vibration or oscillation.

Rush.

Vibration <Xpage=1607>

Vi*bra"tion (?) , n. [L. vibratio : cf. F. vibration .] 1. The act of vibrating, or the state of being vibrated, or in vibratory motion; quick motion to and fro; oscillation, as of a pendulum or musical string.

As a harper lays his open palm Upon his harp, to deaden its vibrations . Longfellow.

2. (Physics) A limited reciprocating motion of a particle of an elastic body or medium in alternately opposite directions from its position of equilibrium, when that equilibrium has been disturbed, as when a stretched cord or other body produces musical notes, or particles of air transmit sounds to the ear. The path of the particle may be in a straight line, in a circular arc, or in any curve whatever.

&hand; Vibration and oscillation are both used, in mechanics, of the swinging, or rising and falling, motion of a suspended or balanced body; the latter term more appropriately, as signifying such motion produced by gravity, and of any degree of slowness, while the former applies especially to the quick, short motion to and fro which results from elasticity, or the action of molecular forces among the particles of a body when disturbed from their position of rest, as in a spring.

Amplitude of vibration , the maximum displacement of a vibrating particle or body from its position of rest. -- Phase of vibration , any part of the path described by a particle or body in making a complete vibration, in distinction from other parts, as while moving from one extreme to the other, or on one side of the line of rest, in distinction from the opposite. Two particles are said to be in the same phase when they are moving in the same direction and with the same velocity, or in corresponding parts of their paths.

Vibratiuncle <Xpage=1607>

Vi*bra"ti*un`cle (?) , a. [Dim. of vibration .] A small vibration. [R.]

Chambers.

Vibrative <Xpage=1607>

Vi"bra*tive (?) , a. Vibrating ; vibratory . "A vibrative motion."

Sir I. Newton.

Vibratory <Xpage=1607>

Vi"bra*to*ry (?) , a. [Cf. F. vibratoire .] Consisting in, or causing, vibration, or oscillation; vibrating; as, a vibratory motion; a vibratory power .

Vibrio <Xpage=1607>

Vib"ri*o (?) , n. ; pl. E. Vibrios (#) , L. Vibriones (#) . [NL., fr. L. vibrare to vibrate, to move by undulations.] (Biol.) A genus of motile bacteria characterized by short, slightly sinuous filaments and an undulatory motion; also, an individual of this genus.

Vibrissa <Xpage=1607>

Vi*bris"sa (?) , n. ; pl. Vibriss\'91 (#) . [L. vibrissae , pl., the hairs in the nostrils of man, fr. vibrare to vibrate; -- so called because touching them tickles a person, and causes him to shake his head.] 1. (Anat.) One of the specialized or tactile hairs which grow about the nostrils, or on other parts of the face, in many animals, as the so-called whiskers of the cat, and the hairs of the nostrils of man.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The bristlelike feathers near the mouth of many birds.

Vibroscope <Xpage=1607>

Vi"bro*scope (?) , n. 1. An instrument for observing or tracing vibrations.

2. An instrument resembling the phenakistoscope.

Viburnum <Xpage=1607>

Vi*bur"num (?) , n. [L., the wayfaring tree.] (Bot.) A genus of shrubs having opposite, petiolate leaves and cymose flowers, several species of which are cultivated as ornamental, as the laurestine and the guelder-rose.

Vicar <Xpage=1607>

Vic"ar (?) , n. [OE. vicar , viker , vicair , F. vicaire , fr. L. vicarius . See Vicarious .] 1. One deputed or authorized to perform the functions of another; a substitute in office; a deputy. [R.]

2. (Eng. Eccl. Law) The incumbent of an appropriated benefice.

&hand; The distinction between a parson [or rector ] and vicar is this: The parson has, for the most part, the whole right to the ecclesiastical dues in his parish; but a vicar has generally an appropriator over him, entitled to the best part of the profits, to whom he is in fact perpetual curate with a standing salary.

Burrill.

Apostolic vicar , &or; Vicar apostolic . (R. C. Ch.) (a) A bishop to whom the Roman pontiff delegates a portion of his jurisdiction. (b) Any ecclesiastic acting under a papal brief, commissioned to exercise episcopal authority. (c) A titular bishop in a country where there is no episcopal see, or where the succession has been interrupted. -- Vicar forane . [Cf. LL. foraneus situated outside of the episcopal city, rural. See Vicar , and Foreign .] (R. C. Ch.) A dignitary or parish priest appointed by a bishop to exercise a limited jurisdiction in a particular town or district of a diocese. Addis & Arnold . -- Vicar-general . (a) (Ch. of Eng.) The deputy of the Archbishop of Canterbury or York, in whose court the bishops of the province are confirmed. Encyc. Brit . (b) (R. C. Ch.) An assistant to a bishop in the discharge of his official functions. -- Vicar of Jesus Christ (R. C. Ch.) , the pope as representing Christ on earth.

<page="1608"> Page 1608

Vicarage <Xpage=1608>

Vic"ar*age (?; 48) , n. 1. The benefice of a vicar.

2. The house or residence of a vicar.

Vicarial <Xpage=1608>

Vi*ca"ri*al (?) , a. [Cf. F. vicarial .] 1. Of or pertaining to a vicar; as, vicarial tithes .

2. Delegated; vicarious; as, vicarial power .

Vicarian <Xpage=1608>

Vi*ca"ri*an (?) , n. A vicar. [Obs.]

Marston.

Vicariate <Xpage=1608>

Vi*ca"ri*ate (?) , a. Having delegated power, as a vicar; vicarious.

Barrow.

Vicariate <Xpage=1608>

Vi*ca"ri*ate , n. [LL. vicariatus , or F. vicariat .] Delegated office or power; vicarship; the office or oversight of a vicar.

The vicariate of that part of Germany which is governed by the Saxon laws devolved on the elector of Saxony. Robertson.

Vicarious <Xpage=1608>

Vi*ca"ri*ous (?) , a. [L. vicarius , from vicis change, alternation, turn, the position, place, or office of one person as assumed by another; akin to Gr. <?/ to yield, give way, G. wechsel a change, and probably also to E. weak . See Weak , and cf. Vice , prep. ] 1. Of or pertaining to a vicar, substitute, or deputy; deputed; delegated; as, vicarious power or authority .

2. Acting of suffering for another; as, a vicarious agent or officer .

The soul in the body is but a subordinate efficient, and vicarious . . . in the hands of the Almighty. Sir M. Hale.

3. Performed of suffered in the place of another; substituted; as, a vicarious sacrifice; vicarious punishment .

The vicarious work of the Great Deliverer. I. Taylor.

4. (Med.) Acting as a substitute; -- said of abnormal action which replaces a suppressed normal function; as, vicarious hemorrhage replacing menstruation .

Vicariously <Xpage=1608>

Vi*ca"ri*ous*ly , adv. In a vicarious manner.

Vicarship <Xpage=1608>

Vic"ar*ship (?) , n. The office or dignity of a vicar.

Vicary <Xpage=1608>

Vic"ar*y (?) , n. [L. vicarius .] A vicar. [Obs.]

Vice <Xpage=1608>

Vice (?) , n. [F., from L. vitium .] 1. A defect; a fault; an error; a blemish; an imperfection; as, the vices of a political constitution; the vices of a horse .

Withouten vice of syllable or letter. Chaucer.

Mark the vice of the procedure. Sir W. Hamilton.

2. A moral fault or failing; especially, immoral conduct or habit, as in the indulgence of degrading appetites; customary deviation in a single respect, or in general, from a right standard, implying a defect of natural character, or the result of training and habits; a harmful custom; immorality; depravity; wickedness; as, a life of vice ; the vice of intemperance.

I do confess the vices of my blood. Shak.

Ungoverned appetite . . . a brutish vice . Milton.

When vice prevails, and impious men bear sway, The post of honor is a private station. Addison.

3. The buffoon of the old English moralities, or moral dramas, having the name sometimes of one vice, sometimes of another, or of Vice itself; -- called also Iniquity .

&hand; This character was grotesquely dressed in a cap with ass's ears, and was armed with a dagger of lath: one of his chief employments was to make sport with the Devil, leaping on his back, and belaboring him with the dagger of lath till he made him roar. The Devil, however, always carried him off in the end.

Nares.

How like you the Vice in the play? . . . I would not give a rush for a Vice that has not a wooden dagger to snap at everybody. B. Jonson.

Syn. -- Crime; sin; iniquity; fault. See Crime .

Vice <Xpage=1608>

Vice , n. [See Vise .] 1. (Mech.) A kind of instrument for holding work, as in filing. Same as Vise .

2. A tool for drawing lead into cames, or flat grooved rods, for casements. [Written also vise .]

3. A gripe or grasp. [Obs.]

Shak.

Vice <Xpage=1608>

Vice , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Viced (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Vicing (?) .] To hold or squeeze with a vice, or as if with a vice.

Shak.

The coachman's hand was viced between his upper and lower thigh. De Quincey.

Vice <Xpage=1608>

Vi"ce (?) , prep. [L., abl. of vicis change, turn. See Vicarious .] In the place of; in the stead; as, A . B. was appointed postmaster vice C. D. resigned.

Vice <Xpage=1608>

Vice (?) , a. [Cf. F. vice- . See Vice , prep. ] Denoting one who in certain cases may assume the office or duties of a superior; designating an officer or an office that is second in rank or authority; as, vice president; vice agent; vice consul, etc .

Vice admiral . [Cf. F. vice-amiral .] (a) An officer holding rank next below an admiral. By the existing laws, the rank of admiral and vice admiral in the United States Navy will cease at the death of the present incumbents. (b) A civil officer, in Great Britain, appointed by the lords commissioners of the admiralty for exercising admiralty jurisdiction within their respective districts. -- Vice admiralty , the office of a vice admiral. -- Vice-admiralty court , a court with admiralty jurisdiction, established by authority of Parliament in British possessions beyond the seas. Abbott . -- Vice chamberlain , an officer in court next in rank to the lord chamberlain. [Eng.] -- Vice chancellor . (a) (Law) An officer next in rank to a chancellor. (b) An officer in a university, chosen to perform certain duties, as the conferring of degrees, in the absence of the chancellor. (c) (R. C. Ch.) The cardinal at the head of the Roman Chancery. -- Vice consul [cf. F. vice-consul ] , a subordinate officer, authorized to exercise consular functions in some particular part of a district controlled by a consul. -- Vice king , one who acts in the place of a king; a viceroy. -- Vice legate [cf. F. vice-l\'82gat ] , a legate second in rank to, or acting in place of, another legate. -- Vice presidency , the office of vice president. -- Vice president [cf. F. vice-pr\'82sident ] , an officer next in rank below a president.

Viced <Xpage=1608>

Viced (?) , a. Vicious; corrupt. [Obs.]

Shak.

Vicegerency <Xpage=1608>

Vice*ge"ren*cy (?) , n. The office of a vicegerent.

South.

Vicegerent <Xpage=1608>

Vice*ge"rent (?) , a. [ Vice , a + gerent : cf. F. viceg\'82rant .] Having or exercising delegated power; acting by substitution, or in the place of another.

Milton.

Vicegerent <Xpage=1608>

Vice*ge"rent (?) , a. [ Vice , a. + gerent : cf. F. viceg\'82rant .] Having or exercising delegated power; acting by substitution, or in the place of another.

Milton.

Vicegerent <Xpage=1608>

Vice*ge"rent , n. An officer who is deputed by a superior, or by proper authority, to exercise the powers of another; a lieutenant; a vicar.

Bacon.

The symbol and vicegerent of the Deity. C. A. Young.

Viceman <Xpage=1608>

Vice"man (?) , n. ; pl. Vicemen (<?/) . A smith who works at the vice instead of at the anvil.

Vicenary <Xpage=1608>

Vic"e*na*ry (?; 277) , a. [L. vicenarius , fr. viceni twenty each; akin to viginti twenty.] Of or pertaining to twenty; consisting of twenty.

Vicennial <Xpage=1608>

Vi*cen"ni*al (?) , a. [L. vicennium a period of twenty years; viceni twenty + annus year.] 1. Lasting or comprising twenty years.

2. Happening once in twenty years; as, a vicennial celebration .

Vice-regal <Xpage=1608>

Vice`-re"gal (?) , a. Of or pertaining to a viceroy or viceroyalty.

Macaulay.

Viceroy <Xpage=1608>

Vice"roy (?) , n. [F. vice-roi ; pref. vice- in the place of (L. vice ) + roi a king, L. rex . See Vice , prep. and Royal.] 1. The governor of a country or province who rules in the name of the sovereign with regal authority, as the king's substitute; as, the viceroy of India .

2. (Zo\'94l.) A large and handsome American butterfly ( Basilarchia, &or; Limenitis, archippus ). Its wings are orange-red, with black lines along the nervures and a row of white spots along the outer margins. The larv\'91 feed on willow, poplar, and apple trees.

Viceroyalty <Xpage=1608>

Vice*roy"al*ty (?) , n. The dignity, office, or jurisdiction of a viceroy.

Viceroyship <Xpage=1608>

Vice"roy*ship (?) , n. Viceroyalty.

Vicety <Xpage=1608>

Vi"ce*ty (?) , n. [From Vice a fault.] Fault; defect; coarseness. [Obs.]

B. Jonson.

Vichy water <Xpage=1608>

Vi"chy wa`ter (?) . A mineral water found at Vichy , France. It is essentially an effervescent solution of sodium, calcium, and magnetism carbonates, with sodium and potassium chlorides; also, by extension, any artificial or natural water resembling in composition the Vichy water proper. Called also, colloquially, Vichy .

Viciate <Xpage=1608>

Vi"ci*ate (?) , v. t. See Vitiate . [R.]

Viinage <Xpage=1608>

Vi"i*nage (?; 48) , n. [OF. veisinage , F. voisinage , from OF. veisin , F. voisin , neighboring, a neighbor, L. vicunus . See Vicinity .] The place or places adjoining or near; neighborhood; vicinity; as, a jury must be of the vicinage . "To summon the Protestant gentleman of the vicinage ."

Macaulay.

Civil war had broken up all the usual ties of vicinage and good neighborhood. Sir W. Scott.

Vicinal <Xpage=1608>

Vic"i*nal (?; 277) , a. [L. vicinalis : cf. F. vicinal .] Near; vicine.

T. Warton.

<-- (Organic Chem.) Having the substituted groups on the same carbon atom. -->

Vicinal planes (Min.) , subordinate planes on a crystal, which are very near to the fundamental planes in angles, and sometimes take their place. They have in general very complex symbols.

Vicine <Xpage=1608>

Vic"ine (?) , a. [L. vicinus : cf. F. voisin .] Near; neighboring; vicinal. [R.]

Glanvill.

Vicine <Xpage=1608>

Vic"ine (?) , n. (Chem.) An alkaloid ex tracted from the seeds of the vetch ( Vicia sativa ) as a white crystalline substance.

Vicinity <Xpage=1608>

Vi*cin"i*ty (?; 277) , n. [L. vicinitas , from vicinus neighboring, near, from vicus a row of houses, a village; akin to Gr. <?/ a house, Skr. v<?/<?/a a house, vi<?/ to enter, Goth. weihs town: cf. OF. vicinit\'82 . Cf. Diocese , Economy , Parish , Vicinage , Wick a village.]

1. The quality or state of being near, or not remote; nearness; propinquity; proximity; as, the value of the estate was increased by the vicinity of two country seats .

A vicinity of disposition and relative tempers. Jer. Taylor.

2. That which is near, or not remote; that which is adjacent to anything; adjoining space or country; neighborhood. "The vicinity of the sun."

Bentley.

Syn. -- Neighborhood; vicinage. See Neighborhood .

Viciosity <Xpage=1608>

Vi`ci*os"i*ty (?) , n. Vitiosity. [R.]

Vicious <Xpage=1608>

Vi"cious (?) , a. [OF. vicious , F. vicieux , fr. L. vitiosus , fr. vitium vice. See Vice a fault.] 1. Characterized by vice or defects; defective; faulty; imperfect.

Though I perchance am vicious in my guess. Shak.

The title of these lords was vicious in its origin. Burke.

A charge against Bentley of vicious reasoning. De Quincey.

2. Addicted to vice; corrupt in principles or conduct; depraved; wicked; as, vicious children; vicious examples; vicious conduct .

Who . . . heard this heavy curse, Servant of servants, on his vicious race. Milton.

3. Wanting purity; foul; bad; noxious; as, vicious air, water, etc .

Dryden.

4. Not correct or pure; corrupt; as, vicious language; vicious idioms .

5. Not well tamed or broken; given to bad tricks; unruly; refractory; as, a vicious horse .

6. Bitter; spiteful; malignant. [Colloq.]

Syn. -- Corrupt; faulty; wicked; depraved.

-- Vi"cious*ly , adv. -- Vi"cious*ness , n.

Vicissitude <Xpage=1608>

Vi*cis"si*tude (?) , n. [L. vicissitudo , fr. vicis change, turn: cf. F. vicissitude . See Vicarious .]

1. Regular change or succession from one thing to another; alternation; mutual succession; interchange.

God made two great lights . . . To illuminate the earth and rule the day In their vicissitude , and rule the night. Milton.

2. Irregular change; revolution; mutation.

This man had, after many vicissitudes of fortune, sunk at last into abject and hopeless poverty. Macaulay.

Vicissitudinary <Xpage=1608>

Vi*cis`si*tu"di*na*ry (?) , a. Subject to vicissitudes.

Donne.

Vicissitudinous <Xpage=1608>

Vi*cis`si*tu"di*nous (?) , a. Full of, or subject to, changes.

Vicissy duck <Xpage=1608>

Vi*cis"sy duck` (?) . (Zo\'94l.) A West Indian duck, sometimes domesticated.

Vicontiel <Xpage=1608>