Chapter 1838

Venus's basin (Bot.) , the wild teasel; -- so called because the connate leaf bases form a kind of receptacle for water, which was formerly gathered for use in the toilet. Also called Venus's bath . -- Venus's basket (Zo\'94l.) , an elegant, cornucopia-shaped, hexactinellid sponge ( Euplectella speciosa ) native of the East Indies. It consists of glassy, transparent, siliceous fibers interwoven and soldered together so as to form a firm network, and has long, slender, divergent anchoring fibers at the base by means of which it stands erect in the soft mud at the bottom of the sea. Called also Venus's flower basket , and Venus's purse . -- Venus's comb . (a) (Bot.) Same as Lady's comb . (b) (Zo\'94l.) A species of Murex ( M. tenuispinus ). It has a long, tubular canal, with a row of long, slender spines along both of its borders, and rows of similar spines covering the body of the shell. Called also Venus's shell . -- Venus's fan (Zo\'94l.) , a common reticulated, fanshaped gorgonia ( Gorgonia flabellum ) native of Florida and the West Indies. When fresh the color is purple or yellow, or a mixture of the two. -- Venus's flytrap . (Bot.) See Flytrap , 2. -- Venus's girdle (Zo\'94l.) , a long, flat, ribbonlike, very delicate, transparent and iridescent ctenophore ( Cestum Veneris ) which swims in the open sea. Its form is due to the enormous development of two spheromeres. See Illust . in Appendix. -- Venus's hair (Bot.) , a delicate and graceful fern ( Adiantum Capillus-Veneris ) having a slender, black and shining stem and branches. -- Venus's hair stone (Min.) , quartz penetrated by acicular crystals of rutile. -- Venus's looking-glass (Bot.) , an annual plant of the genus Specularia allied to the bellflower; -- also called lady's looking-glass . -- Venus's navelwort (Bot.) , any one of several species of Omphalodes , low boraginaceous herbs with small blue or white flowers. -- Venus's pride (Bot.) , an old name for Quaker ladies. See under Quaker . -- Venus's purse . (Zo\'94l.) Same as Venus's basket , above. -- Venus's shell . (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of Cypr\'91a; a cowrie. (b) Same as Venus's comb , above. (c) Same as Venus , 4. -- Venus's slipper . (a) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Cypripedium . See Lady's slipper . (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any heteropod shell of the genus Carinaria . See Carinaria .

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Venust <Xpage=1602>

Ve*nust" (?) , a. [L. venustus , from Venus the goddess of love.] Beautiful. [R.]

E. Waterhouse.

Veracious <Xpage=1602>

Ve*ra"cious (?) , a. [L. verax , -acis , fr. verus true. See Very .] 1. Observant of truth; habitually speaking truth; truthful; as, veracious historian .

The Spirit is most perfectly and absolutely veracious . Barrow.

2. Characterized by truth; not false; as, a veracious account or narrative .

The young, ardent soul that enters on this world with heroic purpose, with veracious insight, will find it a mad one. Carlyle.

Veraciously <Xpage=1602>

Ve*ra"cious*ly , adv. In a veracious manner.

Veracity <Xpage=1602>

Ve*rac"i*ty (?) , n. [Cf. F. v\'82racit\'82 .] The quality or state of being veracious; habitual observance of truth; truthfulness; truth; as, a man of veracity .

Veranda <Xpage=1602>

Ve*ran"da (?) , n. [A word brought by the English from India; of uncertain origin; cf. Skr. vara<?/<?/a , Pg. varanda , Sp. baranda , Malay baranda .] (Arch.) An open, roofed gallery or portico, adjoining a dwelling house, forming an out-of-door sitting room. See Loggia .

The house was of adobe, low, with a wide veranda on the three sides of the inner court. Mrs. H. H. Jackson.

Veratralbine <Xpage=1602>

Ver`a*tral"bine (?) , n. (Chem.) A yellowish amorphous alkaloid extracted from the rootstock of Veratrum album .

Veratrate <Xpage=1602>

Ve*ra"trate (?) , n. (Chem.) A salt of veratric acid.

Veratria <Xpage=1602>

Ve*ra"tri*a (?) , n. [NL.] (Chem.) Veratrine.

Veratric <Xpage=1602>

Ve*ra"tric (?) , a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, plants of the genus Veratrum.

Veratric acid (Chem.) , an acid occurring, together with veratrine, in the root of white hellebore ( Veratrum album ), and in sabadilla seed; -- extracted as a white crystalline substance which is related to protocatechuic acid.

Veratrina <Xpage=1602>

Ver`a*tri"na (?) , n. [NL.] (Chem.) Same as Veratrine .

Veratrine <Xpage=1602>

Ve*ra"trine (?; 277) , n. [Cf. F. v\'82ratrine . See Veratrum .] (Chem.) A poisonous alkaloid obtained from the root hellebore ( Veratrum ) and from sabadilla seeds as a white crystalline powder, having an acrid, burning taste. It is sometimes used externally, as in ointments, in the local treatment of neuralgia and rheumatism. Called also veratria , and veratrina .

Veratrol <Xpage=1602>

Ve*ra"trol (?) , n. [ Veratric + ol .] (Chem.) A liquid hydrocarbon obtained by the decomposition of veratric acid, and constituting the dimethyl ether of pyrocatechin.

Veratrum <Xpage=1602>

Ve*ra"trum (?) , n. [L. veratrum hellebore.] (Bot.) A genus of coarse liliaceous herbs having very poisonous qualities.

&hand; Veratrum album of Europe, and Veratrum viride of America, are both called hellebore . They grow in wet land, have large, elliptical, plicate leaves in three vertical ranks, and bear panicles of greenish flowers.

Verb <Xpage=1602>

Verb (?) , n. [F. verbe , L. verbum a word, verb. See Word .] 1. A word; a vocable. [Obs.]

South.

2. (Gram.) A word which affirms or predicates something of some person or thing; a part of speech expressing being, action, or the suffering of action.

&hand; A verb is a word whereby the chief action of the mind [the assertion or the denial of a proposition] finds expression.

Earle.

Active verb , Auxiliary verb , Neuter verb , etc. See Active , Auxiliary , Neuter , etc.

Verbal <Xpage=1602>

Ver"bal (?) , a. [F., fr. L. verbalis . See Verb .] 1. Expressed in words, whether spoken or written, but commonly in spoken words; hence, spoken; oral; not written; as, a verbal contract; verbal testimony.

Made she no verbal question? Shak.

We subjoin an engraving . . . which will give the reader a far better notion of the structure than any verbal description could convey to the mind. Mayhew.

2. Consisting in, or having to do with, words only; dealing with words rather than with the ideas intended to be conveyed; as, a verbal critic; a verbal change .

And loses, though but verbal , his reward. Milton.

Mere verbal refinements, instead of substantial knowledge. Whewell.

3. Having word answering to word; word for word; literal; as, a verbal translation .

4. Abounding with words; verbose. [Obs.]

Shak.

5. (Gram.) Of or pertaining to a verb; as, a verbal group ; derived directly from a verb; as, a verbal noun ; used in forming verbs; as, a verbal prefix .

Verbal inspiration . See under Inspiration . -- Verbal noun (Gram.) , a noun derived directly from a verb or verb stem; a verbal. The term is specifically applied to infinitives, and nouns ending in -ing , esp. to the latter. See Gerund , and -ing , 2. See also, Infinitive mood , under Infinitive .

Verbal <Xpage=1602>

Ver"bal , n. (Gram.) A noun derived from a verb.

Verbalism <Xpage=1602>

Ver"bal*ism (?) , n. Something expressed verbally; a verbal remark or expression.

Verbalist <Xpage=1602>

Ver"bal*ist , n. A literal adherent to, or a minute critic of, words; a literalist.

Verbality <Xpage=1602>

Ver*bal"i*ty (?) , n. The quality or state of being verbal; mere words; bare literal expression. [R.] "More verbality than matter."

Bp. Hall.

Verbalization <Xpage=1602>

Ver`bal*i*za"tion (?) , n. The act of verbalizing, or the state of being verbalized.

Verbalize <Xpage=1602>

Ver"bal*ize (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Verbalized (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Verbalizing (?) .] [Cf. F. verbaliser .] To convert into a verb; to verbify.

Verbalize <Xpage=1602>

Ver"bal*ize , v. i. To be verbose.

Verbally <Xpage=1602>

Ver"bal*ly , adv. 1. In a verbal manner; orally.

2. Word for word; verbatim.

Dryden.

Verbarian <Xpage=1602>

Ver*ba"ri*an (?) , a. Of or pertaining to words; verbal. [R.]

Coleridge.

Verbarian <Xpage=1602>

Ver*ba"ri*an , n. One who coins words. [R.]

Southey gives himself free scope as a verbarian . Fitzed. Hall.

Verbarium <Xpage=1602>

Ver*ba"ri*um (?) , n. [NL., fr. L. verbum word.] A game in word making. See Logomachy , 2.

Verbatim <Xpage=1602>

Ver*ba"tim (?) , adv. [LL., fr. L. verbum word.] Word for word; in the same words; verbally; as, to tell a story verbatim as another has related it .

Verbatim et literatim [LL.] , word for word, and letter for letter.

Verbena <Xpage=1602>

Ver*be"na (?) , n. [L. See Vervain .] (Bot.) A genus of herbaceous plants of which several species are extensively cultivated for the great beauty of their flowers; vervain.

&hand; Verbena, or vervain, was used by the Greeks, the Romans, and the Druids, in their sacred rites.

Brewer.

Essence of verbena , Oil of verbena , a perfume prepared from the lemon verbena; also, a similar perfume properly called grass oil . See Grass oil , under Grass . -- Lemon , &or; Sweet , verbena , a shrubby verbenaceous plant ( Lippia citriodora ), with narrow leaves which exhale a pleasant, lemonlike fragrance when crushed.

Verbenaceous <Xpage=1602>

Ver`be*na"ceous (?) , a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a natural order ( Verbenace\'91 ) of gamopetalous plants of which Verbena is the type. The order includes also the black and white mangroves, and many plants noted for medicinal use or for beauty of bloom.

Verbenate <Xpage=1602>

Ver"be*nate (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Verbenated (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Verbenating .] [L. verbenatus crowned with a wreath of sacred boughs. See Verbena .] To strew with verbena, or vervain, as in ancient sacrifices and rites.

Verberate <Xpage=1602>

Ver"ber*ate (?) , v. t. [L. verberatus , p. p. of verberare to beat, from verber a lash, a whip.] To beat; to strike. [Obs.] "The sound . . . rebounds again and verberates the skies."

Mir. for Mag.

Verberation <Xpage=1602>

Ver`ber*a"tion (?) , n. [L. verberatio : cf. F. verb\'82ration .] 1. The act of verberating; a beating or striking.

Arbuthnot.

2. The impulse of a body; which causes sound. [R.]

Verbiage <Xpage=1602>

Ver"bi*age (?; 48) , n. [F. verbiage , from OF. verbe a word. See Verb .] The use of many words without necessity, or with little sense; a superabundance of words; verbosity; wordiness.

Verbiage may indicate observation, but not thinking. W. Irving.

This barren verbiage current among men. Tennyson.

Verify <Xpage=1602>

Ver"i*fy (?) , v. t. [ Verb + -fy .] To make into a verb; to use as a verb; to verbalize. [R.]

Earle.

Verbose <Xpage=1602>

Ver*bose" (?) , a. [L. verbosus , from verbum a word. See Verb .] Abounding in words; using or containing more words than are necessary; tedious by a multiplicity of words; prolix; wordy; as, a verbose speaker; a verbose argument .

Too verbose in their way of speaking. Ayliffe.

-- Ver*bose"ly , adv. -- Ver*bose"ness , n.

Verbosity <Xpage=1602>

Ver*bos"i*ty (?) n. ; pl. Verbosities (#) . [L. verbositas : cf. F. verbosit\'82 .] The quality or state of being verbose; the use of more words than are necessary; prolixity; wordiness; verbiage.

The worst fault, by far, is the extreme diffuseness and verbosity of his style. Jeffrey.

Verd <Xpage=1602>

Verd (?) , n. [See Vert , Verdant .] 1. (Eng. Forest Law) (a) The privilege of cutting green wood within a forest for fuel. (b) The right of pasturing animals in a forest.

Burrill.

2. Greenness; freshness. [Obs.]

Nares.

Verdancy <Xpage=1602>

Ver"dan*cy (?) , n. The quality or state of being verdant.

Verdant <Xpage=1602>

Ver"dant (?) , a. [F. verdoyant , p. pr. of verdoyer to be verdant, to grow green, OF. verdoier , verdeier , fr. verd , vert , green, fr. L. viridis green, fr. virere to be green: cf. OF. verdant verdant, L. viridans , p. pr. of viridare to make green. Cf. Farthingale , Verjuice , Vert .] 1. Covered with growing plants or grass; green; fresh; flourishing; as, verdant fields; a verdant lawn.

Let the earth Put forth the verdant grass. Milton.

2. Unripe in knowledge or judgment; unsophisticated; raw; green; as, a verdant youth . [Colloq.]

Verd antique <Xpage=1602>

Verd` an*tique" (?) . [F. vert antique a kind of marble; verd , vert , green + antique ancient: cf. It. verde antico .] (Min.) (a) A mottled-green serpentine marble. (b) A green porphyry called oriental verd antique .

Verdantly <Xpage=1602>

Ver"dant*ly (?) , adv. In a verdant manner.

Verderer, Verderor <Xpage=1602>

Ver"der*er (?) , Ver"der*or (?) , n. [F. verdier , LL. viridarius , fr. L. viridis green.] (Eng. Forest Law) An officer who has the charge of the king's forest, to preserve the vert and venison, keep the assizes, view, receive, and enroll attachments and presentments of all manner of trespasses.

Blackstone.

Verdict <Xpage=1602>

Ver"dict (?) , n. [OE. verdit , OF. verdit , veirdit , LL. verdictum , veredictum ; L. vere truly (fr. verus true) + dictum a saying, a word, fr. dicere , dictum, to say. See Very , and Dictum .] 1. (Law) The answer of a jury given to the court concerning any matter of fact in any cause, civil or criminal, committed to their examination and determination; the finding or decision of a jury on the matter legally submitted to them in the course of the trial of a cause.

&hand; The decision of a judge or referee, upon an issue of fact, is not called a verdict , but a finding , or a finding of fact . Abbott .

2. Decision; judgment; opinion pronounced; as, to be condemned by the verdict of the public .

These were enormities condemned by the most natural verdict of common humanity. South.

Two generations have since confirmed the verdict which was pronounced on that night. Macaulay.

Verdigris <Xpage=1602>

Ver"di*gris (?) , n. [F. vert-de-gris , apparently from verd , vert , green + de of + gris gray, but really a corruption of LL. viride aeris (equivalent to L. aerugo ), from L. viridis green + aes , aeris , brass. See Verdant , and 2d Ore .] 1. (Chem.) A green poisonous substance used as a pigment and drug, obtained by the action of acetic acid on copper, and consisting essentially of a complex mixture of several basic copper acetates.

2. The green rust formed on copper. [Colloq.]

&hand; This rust is a carbonate of copper, and should not be confounded with true verdigris.

U. S. Disp.

Blue verdigris (Chem.) , a verdigris having a blue color, used a pigment, etc. -- Distilled verdigris (Old Chem.) , an acid copper acetate; -- so called because the acetic acid used in making it was obtained from distilled vinegar. -- Verdigris green , clear bluish green, the color of verdigris.

Verdigris <Xpage=1602>

Ver"di*gris , v. t. To cover, or coat, with verdigris. [R.] "An old verdigrised brass bugle."

Hawthorne.

Verdin <Xpage=1602>

Ver"din (?) , n. [Cf. Sp. verdino bright green, F. verdin the yellow-hammer.] (Zo\'94l.) A small yellow-headed bird ( Auriparus flaviceps ) of Lower California, allied to the titmice; -- called also goldtit .

Verdine <Xpage=1602>

Ver"dine (?) , n. [F. verd , vert , green.] (Chem.) A commercial name for green aniline dye.

Verdingale <Xpage=1602>

Ver"din*gale (?) , n. See Farthingale . [Spelled also verdingall .] [Obs.]

Verdit <Xpage=1602>

Ver"dit (?) , n. Verdict.

Chaucer.

Verditer <Xpage=1602>

Ver"di*ter (?) , n. [F. vert-de-terre , literally, green of earth.] (Chem.) (a) Verdigris. [Obs.] (b) Either one of two pigments (called blue verditer , and green verditer ) which are made by treating copper nitrate with calcium carbonate (in the form of lime, whiting, chalk, etc.) They consist of hydrated copper carbonates analogous to the minerals azurite and malachite.

Verditer blue , a pale greenish blue color, like that of the pigment verditer.

Verditure <Xpage=1602>

Ver"di*ture (?; 135) , n. [Cf. Verditer .] The faintest and palest green.

Verdoy <Xpage=1602>

Ver"doy (?) , a. [F. verdoyer to become green. See Verdant .] (Her.) Charged with leaves, fruits, flowers, etc.; -- said of a border.

Verdure <Xpage=1602>

Ver"dure (?) , n. [F., fr. L. viridis green. See Verdant .] Green; greenness; freshness of vegetation; as, the verdure of the meadows in June .

A wide expanse of living verdure , cultivated gardens, shady groves, fertile cornfields, flowed round it like a sea. Motley.

Verdured <Xpage=1602>