Chapter 1788

Tyr"an*ny (?) , n. [OE. tirannye , OF. tirannie , F. tyrannie ; cf. It. tirannia ; Gr. <?/, <?/, L. tyrannis . See Tyrant .] 1. The government or authority of a tyrant; a country governed by an absolute ruler; hence, arbitrary or despotic exercise of power; exercise of power over subjects and others with a rigor not authorized by law or justice, or not requisite for the purposes of government.

"Sir," would he [Seneca] say, "an emperor mote need Be virtuous and hate tyranny ." Chaucer.

2. Cruel government or discipline; as, the tyranny of a schoolmaster .

3. Severity; rigor; inclemency.

The tyranny of the open night's too rough For nature to endure. Shak.

Tyrant <Xpage=1559>

Tyr"ant (?) , n. [OE. tirant , tiraunt , tyraunt , OF. tiran , tirant (probably from confusion with the p. pr. of verbs), F. tyran , L. tyrannus , Gr. <?/, originally, an absolute sovereign, but afterwards, a severe or cruel ruler.] 1. An absolute ruler; a sovereign unrestrained by law or constitution; a usurper of sovereignty.

&hand; Free governments [in Greece] having superseded the old hereditary sovereignties ( basilei^ai ), all who obtained absolute power in a state were called ty\rannoi , tyrants , or rather despots ; -- for the term rather regards the irregular way in which the power was gained , whether force or fraud, than the way in which it was exercised , being applied to the mild Pisistratus, but not to the despotic kings of Persia. However, the word soon came to imply reproach, and was then used like our tyrant .

Liddell & Scott.

2. Specifically, a monarch, or other ruler or master, who uses power to oppress his subjects; a person who exercises unlawful authority, or lawful authority in an unlawful manner; one who by taxation, injustice, or cruel punishment, or the demand of unreasonable services, imposes burdens and hardships on those under his control, which law and humanity do not authorize, or which the purposes of government do not require; a cruel master; an oppressor. "This false tyrant , this Nero."

Chaucer.

Love, to a yielding heart, is a king, but to a resisting, is a tyrant . Sir P. Sidney.

3. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of American clamatorial birds belonging to the family Tyrannid\'91 ; -- called also tyrant bird .

&hand; These birds are noted for their irritability and pugnacity, and for the courage with which they attack rapacious birds far exceeding them in size and strength. They are mostly plain-colored birds, but often have a bright-colored crown patch. A few species, as the scissorstail, are handsomely colored. The kingbird and pewee are familiar examples.

Tyrant flycatcher (Zo\'94l.) , any one of numerous species of tyrants which have a flattened bill, toothed at the tip, and resemble the true flycatchers in habits. The Acadian flycatcher ( Empidonax Acadicus ) and the vermilion flycatcher ( Pyrocephalus rubineus ) are examples. -- Tyrant shrike (Zo\'94l.) , any one of numerous species of American tyrants of the genus Tyrannus having a strong toothed bill and resembling the strikes in habits. The kingbird is an example.

Tyrant <Xpage=1559>

Ty"rant (?) , v. i. To act like a tyrant; to play the tyrant; to tyrannical. [Obs.]

Fuller.

Tyre <Xpage=1559>

Tyre (?) , [Tamil tayir .] Curdled milk. [India]

Tyre <Xpage=1559>

Tyre , n. & v. Attire. See 2d and 3d Tire . [Obs.]

Tyre <Xpage=1559>

Tyre , v. i. To prey. See 4th Tire . [Obs.]

Tyrian <Xpage=1559>

Tyr"i*an (?) , a. [L. Tyrius , from Tyrus Tyre, Gr. <?/.] 1. Of or pertaining to Tyre or its people.

2. Being of the color called Tyrian purple.

The bright-eyed perch with fins of Tyrian dye. Pope.

Tyrian purple , &or; Tyrian dye , a celebrated purple dye prepared in ancient Tyre from several mollusks, especially Ianthina, Murex, and Purpura. See the Note under Purple , n. , 1, and Purple of mollusca , under Purple , n.

Tyrian <Xpage=1559>

Tyr"i*an , n. [L. Tyrius .] A native of Tyre.

Tyro <Xpage=1559>

Ty"ro (?) , n. ; pl. Tyros (#) . [L. tiro a newlylevied soldier, a beginner.] A beginner in learning; one who is in the rudiments of any branch of study; a person imperfectly acquainted with a subject; a novice. [Written also tiro .]

The management of tyros of eighteen Is difficult. Cowper.

Tyrociny <Xpage=1559>

Ty"ro*cin*y (?) , n. [L. tirocinium first service or trial, fr. tiro . See Tyro .] The state of being a tyro, or beginner; apprenticeship. [Obs.]

Blount.

Tyrolite <Xpage=1559>

Tyr"o*lite (?) , n. [From Tyrol , where it occurs.] (Min.) A translucent mineral of a green color and pearly or vitreous luster. It is a hydrous arseniate of copper.

Tyronism <Xpage=1559>

Ty"ro*nism (?) , n. The state of being a tyro, or beginner. [Written also tironism .]

Tyrosin <Xpage=1559>

Tyr"o*sin (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ cheese.] (Physiol. Chem.) A white crystalline nitrogenous substance<--amino acid--> present in small amount in the pancreas and spleen, and formed in large quantity from the decomposition of proteid matter by various means, -- as by pancreatic digestion, by putrefaction as of cheese, by the action of boiling acids, etc. Chemically, it consists of oxyphenol and amidopropionic acid, and by decomposition yields oxybenzoic acid, or some other benzol derivative. [Written also tyrosine .]

Tyrotoxicon <Xpage=1559>

Tyr`o*tox"i*con (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ cheese + <?/. See Toxic .] (Physiol. Chem.) A ptomaine discovered by Vaughan in putrid cheese and other dairy products, and producing symptoms similar to cholera infantum. Chemically, it appears to be related to, or identical with, diazobenzol.

Tyrotoxine <Xpage=1559>

Tyr`o*tox"ine (?) , n. Same as Tyrotoxicon .

Tysonite <Xpage=1559>

Ty"son*ite (?) , n. [After S. T. Tyson .] (Min.) A fluoride of the cerium metals occurring in hexagonal crystals of a pale yellow color. Cf. Fluocerite .

Tystie <Xpage=1559>

Ty"stie (?) , n. [Cf. Icel. &thorn;eisti , Norw. teiste .] (Zo\'94l.) The black guillemot. [Prov. Eng.]

Tythe <Xpage=1559>

Tythe (?) , n. See Tithe .

Tything <Xpage=1559>

Tyth"ing (?) , n. See Tithing .

Tzar <Xpage=1559>

Tzar (?) , n. The emperor of Russia. See Czar .

Tzarina, Tzaritza <Xpage=1559>

Tza*ri"na (?) , Tza*rit"za (?) , n. The empress of Russia. See Czarina .

Tzetze <Xpage=1559>

Tzet"ze (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Tsetse .

<page="1560"> Page 1560

U.

U <Xpage=1560>

U (?) , the twenty-first letter of the English alphabet, is a cursive form of the letter V, with which it was formerly used interchangeably, both letters being then used both as vowels and consonants. U and V are now, however, differentiated, U being used only as a vowel or semivowel, and V only as a consonant. The true primary vowel sound of U, in Anglo-Saxon, was the sound which it still retains in most of the languages of Europe, that of long oo , as in tool , and short oo , as in wood , answering to the French ou in tour . Etymologically U is most closely related to o , y (vowel), w , and v ; as in two , d u et, d y ad, t w ice; t o p, t u ft; s o p, s u p; a u spice, a v iary. See V, also O and Y.

See Guide to Pronunciation , &sect;&sect; 130-144.

Uakari <Xpage=1560>

Ua*ka"ri (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Ouakari .

Uberous <Xpage=1560>

U"ber*ous (?) , a. [L. uber .] Fruitful; copious; abundant; plentiful. [Obs.]

Sir T. Herbert.

Uberty <Xpage=1560>

U"ber*ty (?) , n. [L. ubertas .] Fruitfulness; copiousness; abundance; plenty. [Obs.]

Florio.

Ubication, Ubiety <Xpage=1560>

U`bi*ca"tion (?) , U*bi"e*ty (?) , n. [NL. ubicatio , ubietas , fr. L. ubi where.] The quality or state of being in a place; local relation; position or location; whereness. [R.]

Glanvill.

Ubiquarian <Xpage=1560>

U`bi*qua"ri*an (?) , a. Ubiquitous. [R.]

Ubiquitist, Ubiquitarian <Xpage=1560>

U"bi*qui*tist (?) , U*biq`ui*ta"ri*an (?) , n. [L. ubique everywhere: cf. F. ubiquiste , ubiquitaire . See Ubiquity .] (Eccl. Hist.) One of a school of Lutheran divines which held that the body of Christ is present everywhere, and especially in the eucharist, in virtue of his omnipresence. Called also ubiquitist , and ubiquitary .

Ubiquitariness <Xpage=1560>

U*biq"ui*ta*ri*ness (?) , n. Quality or state of being ubiquitary, or ubiquitous. [R.]

Fuller.

Ubiquitary <Xpage=1560>

U*biq"ui*ta*ry (?) , a. [L. ubique everywhere. See Ubiquitarian .] Ubiquitous.

Howell.

Ubiquitary <Xpage=1560>

U*biq"ui*ta*ry , n. ; pl. Ubiquitaries (<?/) . 1. One who exists everywhere.

B. Jonson.

2. (Eccl. Hist.) A ubiquist.

Bp. Hall.

Ubiquitist <Xpage=1560>

U*biq"ui*tist (?) , n. Same as Ubiquist .

Ubiquitous <Xpage=1560>

U*biq"ui*tous (?) , a. [See Ubiquity .] Existing or being everywhere, or in all places, at the same time; omnipresent. -- U*biq"ui*tous*ly , adv.

In this sense is he ubiquitous . R. D. Hitchcock.

Ubiquity <Xpage=1560>

U*biq"ui*ty (?) , n. [L. ubique everywhere, fr. ubi where, perhaps for cubi , quobi (cf. alicubi anywhere), and if so akin to E. who : cf. F. ubiquit\'82 .] 1. Existence everywhere, or in places, at the same time; omnipresence; as, the ubiquity of God is not disputed by those who admit his existence .

The arms of Rome . . . were impeded by . . . the wide spaces to be traversed and the ubiquity of the enemy. C. Merivale.

2. (Theol.) The doctrine, as formulated by Luther, that Christ's glorified body is omnipresent.

Uchees <Xpage=1560>

U"chees (?) , n. pl. (Ethnol.) A tribe of North American Indians belonging to the Creek confederation.

Uckewallist <Xpage=1560>

Uck`e*wal"list (?) , n. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect of rigid Anabaptists, which originated in 1637, and whose tenets were essentially the same as those of the Mennonists. In addition, however, they held that Judas and the murderers of Christ were saved. So called from the founder of the sect, Ucke Wallis , a native of Friesland.

Eadie.

Udal <Xpage=1560>

U"dal (&umac;"d a l) , n. [Icel. &omac;&edh;al allodium, an hereditary estate; akin to Sw. odal allodial, Dan. odel .] In Shetland and Orkney, a freehold; property held by udal, or allodial, right.

Udal <Xpage=1560>

U"dal , a. Allodial; -- a term used in Finland, Shetland, and Orkney. See Allodial .

Burrill.

Udaler, Udalman <Xpage=1560>

U"dal*er (?) , U"dal*man (?) , n. In the Shetland and Orkney Islands, one who holds property by udal, or allodial, right.

Sir W. Scott.

Udder <Xpage=1560>

Ud"der (?) , n. [OE. uddir , AS. \'d4der ; akin to D. uijer , G. euter , OHG. \'d4tar , \'d4tiro , Icel. j\'d4gr , Sw. jufver , jur , Dan. yver , L. uber , Gr. o"y^qar , Skr. \'d4dhar . \'fb216. Cf. Exuberant .] 1. (Anat.) The glandular organ in which milk is secreted and stored; -- popularly called the bag in cows and other quadrupeds. See Mamma .

A lioness, with udders all drawn dry. Shak.

2. One of the breasts of a woman. [R.]

Yon Juno of majestic size, With cowlike udders , and with oxlike eyes. Pope.

Uddered <Xpage=1560>

Ud"dered (?) , a. Having an udder or udders.

Udderless <Xpage=1560>

Ud"der*less , a. 1. Destitute or deprived of an udder.

2. Hence, without mother's milk; motherless; as, udderless lambs . [Poetic]

Keats.

Udometer <Xpage=1560>

U*dom"e*ter (?) , n. [L. udus wet, moist + -meter .] (Meteor.) A rain gauge.

Ugh <Xpage=1560>

Ugh (&oomac;) , interj. An exclamation expressive of disgust, horror, or recoil. Its utterance is usually accompanied by a shudder.

Uglesome <Xpage=1560>

Ug"le*some (?) , a. [<?/<?/. See Ugly .] Ugly. [Obs.] "Such an uglesome countenance."

Latimer.

Uglify <Xpage=1560>

Ug"li*fy (?) , v. t. [ Ugly + -fy .] To disfigure; to make ugly. [R.]

Mad. D'Arblay.

Uglily <Xpage=1560>

Ug"li*ly , adv. In an ugly manner; with deformity.

Ugliness <Xpage=1560>

Ug"li*ness , n. The quality or state of being ugly.

Ugly <Xpage=1560>

Ug"ly (?) , a. [ Compar. Uglier (?) ; superl. Ugliest .] [Icel. uggligr fearful, dreadful; uggr fear (akin to ugga to fear) + -ligr (akin to E. -ly , like ). <?/<?/. Cf. Awe .] 1. Offensive to the sight; contrary to beauty; being of disagreeable or loathsome aspect; unsightly; repulsive; deformed.

The ugly view of his deformed crimes. Spenser.

Like the toad, ugly and venomous. Shak.

O, I have passed a miserable night, So full of ugly sights, of ghastly dreams. Shak.

2. Ill-natured; crossgrained; quarrelsome; as, an ugly temper; to feel ugly . [Colloq. U. S.]

3. Unpleasant; disagreeable; likely to cause trouble or loss; as, an ugly rumor; an ugly customer . [Colloq.]

Ugly <Xpage=1560>

Ug"ly (?) , n. A shade for the face, projecting from the bonnet. [Colloq. Eng.]

C. Kingsley.

Ugly <Xpage=1560>

Ug"ly , v. t. To make ugly. [R.]

Richardson.

Ugrian <Xpage=1560>

U"gri*an (?) , n. pl. (Ethnol.) A Mongolian race, ancestors of the Finns. [Written also Uigrian .]

Ugsome <Xpage=1560>

Ug"some (?) , a. [<?/<?/. See Ugly .] Ugly; offensive; loathsome. [Obs.] -- Ug"some*ness , n. [Obs.] "The horror and ugsomeness of death."

Latimer.

Uhlan <Xpage=1560>

Uh"lan (?) , n. [G. uhlan , Pol. ulan , hulan , from Turk. ogl\'ben a youth, lad; of Tartar origin.] [Written also ulan , and formerly hulan .] 1. One of a certain description of militia among the Tartars.

2. (Mil.) One of a kind of light cavalry of Tartaric origin, first introduced into European armies in Poland. They are armed with lances, pistols, and sabers, and are employed chiefly as skirmishers.

Uintatherium <Xpage=1560>

U*in`ta*the"ri*um (?) , n. [NL., fr. Uinta , the Indian name of the region where the animals were discovered + Gr. qhri`on beast.] (Paleon.) An extinct genus of large Eocene ungulates allied to Dinoceras. This name is sometimes used for nearly all the known species of the group. See Dinoceras .

Ukase <Xpage=1560>

U*kase" (?) , n. [F., fr. Russ. ukas' ; pref. u- + kazate to show, to say.] In Russia, a published proclamation or imperial order, having the force of law.

Ulan <Xpage=1560>

U"lan (?) , n. See Uhlan .

Ularburong <Xpage=1560>

U*lar"bu*rong (?) , n. [From the native Malay name.] (Zo\'94l.) A large East Indian nocturnal tree snake ( Dipsas dendrophila ). It is not venomous.

Ulcer <Xpage=1560>

Ul"cer (?) , n. [F. ulc\'8are , L. ulcus , gen. ulceris , akin to Gr. <?/.] 1. (Med.) A solution of continuity in any of the soft parts of the body, discharging purulent matter, found on a surface, especially one of the natural surfaces of the body, and originating generally in a constitutional disorder; a sore discharging pus. It is distinguished from an abscess , which has its beginning, at least, in the depth of the tissues.

2. Fig.: Anything that festers and corrupts like an open sore; a vice in character.

Cold ulcer (Med.) , an ulcer on a finger or toe, due to deficient circulation and nutrition. In such cases the extremities are cold.

Ulcer <Xpage=1560>

Ul"cer , v. t. To ulcerate. [R.]

Fuller.

Ulcerable <Xpage=1560>

Ul"cer*a*ble (?) , a. Capable of ulcerating.

Ulcerate <Xpage=1560>

Ul"cer*ate (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Ulcerated (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Ulcerating .] [L. ulceratus , p. p. of ulcerare , fr. ulcus ulcer.] To be formed into an ulcer; to become ulcerous.

Ulcerate <Xpage=1560>

Ul"cer*ate , v. t. To affect with, or as with, an ulcer or ulcers.

Harvey.

Ulcerated <Xpage=1560>

Ul"cer*a`ted (?) , a. Affected with, or as with, an ulcer or ulcers; as, an ulcerated sore throat .

Ulceration <Xpage=1560>

Ul`cer*a"tion (?) , n. [L. ulceratio : cf. F. ulc\'82ration .] (Med.) The process of forming an ulcer, or of becoming ulcerous; the state of being ulcerated; also, an ulcer.

Ulcerative <Xpage=1560>

Ul"cer*a*tive (?) , a. Of or pertaining to ulcers; as, an ulcerative process .

Ulcered <Xpage=1560>

Ul"cered (?) , a. Ulcerous; ulcerated.

Ulcerous <Xpage=1560>

Ul"cer*ous (?) , a. [L. ulcerous : cf. F. ulc\'82reux .] 1. Having the nature or character of an ulcer; discharging purulent or other matter.

R. Browning.

2. Affected with an ulcer or ulcers; ulcerated.

It will but skin and film the ulcerous place. Shak.

-- Ul"cer*ous*ly , adv. -- Ul"cer*ous*ness , n.

Ulcuscle, Ulcuscule <Xpage=1560>

Ul"cus*cle (?) , Ul*cus"cule (?) , n. [L. ulcusculum , dim. of ulcus . See Ulcer .] A little ulcer. [R.]

Ule <Xpage=1560>

U"le (?) , n. [Sp.] (Bot.) A Mexican and Central American tree ( Castilloa elastica and C. Markhamiana ) related to the breadfruit tree. Its milky juice contains caoutchouc. Called also ule tree .

Ulema <Xpage=1560>