Chapter 1779

Tump"line` (?) , n. A strap placed across a man's forehead to assist him in carrying a pack on his back. [Local, U. S.]

Bartlett.

Tum-tum <Xpage=1550>

Tum"-tum` (?) , n. A dish made in the West Indies by beating boiled plantain quite soft in a wooden mortar.

Tumular <Xpage=1550>

Tu"mu*lar (?) , a. [L. tumulus a mound: cf. F. tumulaire . See Tumulus .] Consisting in a heap; formed or being in a heap or hillock.

Pinkerton.

Tumulate <Xpage=1550>

Tu"mu*late (?) , v. t. [L. tumulatus , p. p. of tumulare to tumulate. See Tumulus .] To cover, as a corpse, with a mound or tomb; to bury. [Obs.]

Tumulate <Xpage=1550>

Tu"mu*late , v. i. To swell. [Obs.]

Wilkins.

Tumulose <Xpage=1550>

Tu"mu*lose` (?) , a. Tumulous. [R.]

Bailey.

Tumulosity <Xpage=1550>

Tu`mu*los"i*ty (?) , n. The quality or state of being tumulous; hilliness. [R.]

Bailey.

Tumulous <Xpage=1550>

Tu"mu*lous (?) , a. [L. tumulosus , fr. tumulus a mound.] Full of small hills or mounds; hilly; tumulose. [R.]

Bailey.

Tumult <Xpage=1550>

Tu"mult (?) , n. [L. tumultus ; probably akin to Skr. tumula noise, noisy, and perhaps to L. tumere to swell, E. tumid : cf. F. tumulte .] 1. The commotion or agitation of a multitude, usually accompanied with great noise, uproar, and confusion of voices; hurly-burly; noisy confusion.

What meaneth the noise of this tumult ? 1 Sam. iv. 14.

Till in loud tumult all the Greeks arose. Pope.

2. Violent commotion or agitation, with confusion of sounds; as, the tumult of the elements .

Addison.

3. Irregular or confused motion; agitation; high excitement; as, the tumult of the spirits or passions .

Syn. -- Uproar; ferment; disturbance; turbulence; disorder; confusion; noise; bluster; hubbub; bustle; stir; brawl; riot.

Tumult <Xpage=1550>

Tu"mult (?) , v. i. To make a tumult; to be in great commotion. [Obs.]

Importuning and tumulting even to the fear of a revolt. Milton.

Tumulter <Xpage=1550>

Tu"mult*er (?) , n. A maker of tumults. [Obs.]

He severely punished the tumulters . Milton.

Tumultuarily <Xpage=1550>

Tu*mul"tu*a*ri*ly (?) , adv. In a tumultuary manner.

Tumultuariness <Xpage=1550>

Tu*mul"tu*a*ri*ness , n. The quality or state of being tumultuary.

Tumultuary <Xpage=1550>

Tu*mul"tu*a*ry (?) , a. [L. tumultuarius : cf. F. tumultuaire .] 1. Attended by, or producing, a tumult; disorderly; promiscuous; confused; tumultuous. "A tumultuary conflict."

Eikon Basilike.

A tumultuary attack of the Celtic peasantry. Macaulay.

Sudden flight or tumultuary skirmish. De Quincey.

2. Restless; agitated; unquiet.

Men who live without religion live always in a tumultuary and restless state. Atterbury.

Tumultuate <Xpage=1550>

Tu*mul"tu*ate (?) , v. i. [L. tumultuatus , p. p. of tumultuari to make a tumult.] To make a tumult. [Obs.] "He will murmur and tumultuate ."

South.

Tumultuation <Xpage=1550>

Tu*mul`tu*a"tion (?) , n. [L. tumultuatio .] Irregular or disorderly movement; commotion; as, the tumultuation of the parts of a fluid . [Obs.]

Boyle.

Tumultuous <Xpage=1550>

Tu*mul"tu*ous (?) , a. [L. tumultuosus : cf. F. tumultueux .] 1. Full of tumult; characterized by tumult; disorderly; turbulent.

The flight became wild and tumultuous . Macaulay.

2. Conducted with disorder; noisy; confused; boisterous; disorderly; as, a tumultuous assembly or meeting .

3. Agitated, as with conflicting passions; disturbed.

His dire attempt, which, nigh the birth Now rolling, boils in his tumultuous breast. Milton.

4. Turbulent; violent; as, a tumultuous speech .

Syn. -- Disorderly; irregular; noisy; confused; turbulent; violent; agitated; disturbed; boisterous; lawless; riotous; seditious.

-- Tu*mul"tu*ous*ly , adv. -- Tu*mul"tu*ous*ness , n.

Tumulus <Xpage=1550>

Tu"mu*lus (?) , n. ; pl. Tumuli (#) . [L., a mound, a sepulchral mound, probably from tumere to swell. Cf. Tumid .] An artificial hillock, especially one raised over a grave, particularly over the graves of persons buried in ancient times; a barrow.

Tun <Xpage=1550>

Tun (?) , n. [AS. tunne . See Ton a weight.] 1. A large cask; an oblong vessel bulging in the middle, like a pipe or puncheon, and girt with hoops; a wine cask.

2. (Brewing) A fermenting vat.

3. A certain measure for liquids, as for wine, equal to two pipes, four hogsheads, or 252 gallons. In different countries, the tun differs in quantity.

4. (Com.) A weight of 2,240 pounds. See Ton . [R.]

5. An indefinite large quantity.

Shak.

A tun of man in thy large bulk is writ. Dryden.

6. A drunkard; -- so called humorously, or in contempt.

7. (Zo\'94l.) Any shell belonging to Dolium and allied genera; -- called also tun-shell .

Tun <Xpage=1550>

Tun , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Tunned (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Tunning .] To put into tuns, or casks.

Boyle.

Tuna <Xpage=1550>

Tu"na (?) , n. (Bot.) The Opuntia Tuna . See Prickly pear , under Prickly .

Tuna <Xpage=1550>

Tu"na , n. [Cf. Tunny .] (Zo\'94l.) (a) The tunny. (b) The bonito, 2.

Tunable <Xpage=1550>

Tun"a*ble (?) , a. Capable of being tuned, or made harmonious; hence, harmonious; musical; tuneful. -- Tun"a*ble*ness , n. -- Tun"a*bly , adv.

And tunable as sylvan pipe or song. Milton.

Tun-bellied <Xpage=1550>

Tun"-bel`lied (?) , a. Having a large, protuberant belly, or one shaped like a tun; pot-bellied.

Tun-dish <Xpage=1550>

Tun"-dish` (?) , n. A tunnel. [Obs.]

Shak.

Tundra <Xpage=1550>

Tun"dra (?) , n. [Russ., from a native name.] A rolling, marshy, mossy plain of Northern Siberia.

Tune <Xpage=1550>

Tune (?) , n. [A variant of tone .] 1. A sound; a note; a tone. "The tune of your voices."

Shak.

2. (Mus.) (a) A rhythmical, melodious, symmetrical series of tones for one voice or instrument, or for any number of voices or instruments in unison, or two or more such series forming parts in harmony; a melody; an air; as, a merry tune ; a mournful tune ; a slow tune ; a psalm tune . See Air . (b) The state of giving the proper, sound or sounds; just intonation; harmonious accordance; pitch of the voice or an instrument; adjustment of the parts of an instrument so as to harmonize with itself or with others; as, the piano, or the organ, is not in tune .

Like sweet bells jangled, out of tune and harsh. Shak.

3. Order; harmony; concord; fit disposition, temper, or humor; right mood.

A child will learn three times as much when he is in tune , as when he . . . is dragged unwillingly to [his task]. Locke.

Tune <Xpage=1550>

Tune , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Tuned (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Tuning .] 1. To put into a state adapted to produce the proper sounds; to harmonize, to cause to be in tune; to correct the tone of; as, to tune a piano or a violin . " Tune your harps."

Dryden.

<page="1551"> Page 1551

2. To give tone to; to attune; to adapt in style of music; to make harmonious.

For now to sorrow must I tune my song. Milton.

3. To sing with melody or harmony.

Fountains, and ye, that warble, as ye flow, Melodious murmurs, warbling tune his praise. Milton.

4. To put into a proper state or disposition.

Shak.

Tune <Xpage=1551>

Tune (?) , v. i. 1. To form one sound to another; to form accordant musical sounds.

Whilst tuning to the water's fall, The small birds sang to her. Drayton.

2. To utter inarticulate harmony with the voice; to sing without pronouncing words; to hum. [R.]

Tuneful <Xpage=1551>

Tune"ful (?) , a. Harmonious; melodious; musical; as, tuneful notes . " Tuneful birds." Milton . -- Tune"ful*ly , adv. -- Tune"ful*ness , n.

Tuneless <Xpage=1551>

Tune"less , a. 1. Without tune; inharmonious; unmusical. " Thy tuneless serenade."

Cowley.

How often have I led thy sportive choir, With tuneless pipe, beside the murmuring Loire! Goldsmith.

2. Not employed in making music; as, tuneless harps .

3. Not expressed in music or poetry; unsung. [R.]

Tuner <Xpage=1551>

Tun"er (?) , n. One who tunes; especially, one whose occupation is to tune musical instruments.

Tun-great <Xpage=1551>

Tun"-great` (?) , a. Having the circumference of a tun. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Tungstate <Xpage=1551>

Tung"state (?) , n. [Cf. F. tungstate .] (Chem.) A salt of tungstic acid; a wolframate.

Tungsten <Xpage=1551>

Tung"sten (?) n. [Sw. tungsten (cf. Dan. tungsteen , G. tungstein ); tung heavy (akin to Dan. tung , Icel. &thorn;ungr ) + sten stone. See Stone .] 1. (Chem.) A rare element of the chromium group found in certain minerals, as wolfram and scheelite, and isolated as a heavy steel-gray metal which is very hard and infusible. It has both acid and basic properties. When alloyed in small quantities with steel, it greatly increases its hardness. Symbol W ( Wolframium ). Atomic weight, 183.6. Specific gravity, 18.

2 (Min.) Scheelite, or calcium tungstate. [Obs.]

Tungsten ocher , &or; Tungstic ocher (Min.) , tungstate.

Tungstenic <Xpage=1551>

Tung*sten"ic (?) , a. Of or pertaining to tungsten; containing tungsten; as, tungstenic ores . [R.]

Tungstic <Xpage=1551>

Tung"stic (?) , a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to tungsten; derived from, or resembling, tungsten; wolframic; as, tungstic oxide .

Tungstic acid , an acid of tungsten, H2WO4 , analogous to sulphuric and chromic acids.

Tungstite <Xpage=1551>

Tung"stite (?) , n. (Min.) The oxide of tungsten, a yellow mineral occurring in a pulverulent form. It is often associated with wolfram.

Tunguses <Xpage=1551>

Tun*gus"es (?) , n. pl. (Ethnol.) A group of roving Turanian tribes occupying Eastern Siberia and the Amoor valley. They resemble the Mongols. [Written also Tungooses .]

Tungusic <Xpage=1551>

Tun*gus"ic (?) , a. Of or pertaining to the Tunguses; as, the Tungusic dialects .

Tunhoof <Xpage=1551>

Tun"hoof` (?) , n. [Cf. Aleboof .] (Bot.) Ground ivy; alehoof.

Tunic <Xpage=1551>

Tu"nic (?) , n. [L. tunica : cf. F. tunique .]

1. (Rom. Antiq.) An under-garment worn by the ancient Romans of both sexes. It was made with or without sleeves, reached to or below the knees, and was confined at the waist by a girdle.

2. Any similar garment worm by ancient or Oriental peoples; also, a common name for various styles of loose-fitting under-garments and over-garments worn in modern times by Europeans and others.

3. (R. C. Ch.) Same as Tunicle .

4. (Anat.) A membrane, or layer of tissue, especially when enveloping an organ or part, as the eye.

5. (Bot.) A natural covering; an integument; as, the tunic of a seed .

6. (Zo\'94l.) See Mantle , n. , 3 (a) .

Tunicary <Xpage=1551>

Tu"ni*ca*ry (?) , n. ; pl. Tunicaries (#) . [L. tunica a tunic.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the Tunicata.

Tunicata <Xpage=1551>

Tu`ni*ca"ta (?) , n. pl. [NL. See Tunicate .] (Zo\'94l.) A grand division of the animal kingdom, intermediate, in some respects, between the invertebrates and vertebrates, and by some writers united with the latter. They were formerly classed with acephalous mollusks. The body is usually covered with a firm external tunic, consisting in part of cellulose, and having two openings, one for the entrance and one for the exit of water. The pharynx is usually dilated in the form of a sac, pierced by several series of ciliated slits, and serves as a gill.

&hand; Most of the species when mature are firmly attached to foreign substances, but have free-swimming larv\'91 which are furnished with an elongated tail and somewhat resemble a tadpole. In this state the larva has a urochord and certain other structures resembling some embryonic vertebrates. See Ascidian , Doliolum , Salpa , Urochord , and Illust . of Social ascidian , under Social .

Tunicate, Tunicated <Xpage=1551>

Tu"ni*cate (?) , Tu"ni*ca`ted (?) , a. [L. tunicatus , p. p. of tunicare to clothe with a tunic, fr. tunica a tunic.] 1. (Bot.) Covered with a tunic; covered or coated with layers; as, a tunicated bulb .

2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Having a tunic, or mantle; of or pertaining to the Tunicata. (b) Having each joint buried in the preceding funnel-shaped one, as in certain antenn\'91 of insects.

Tunicate <Xpage=1551>

Tu"ni*cate (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Tunicata.

Tunicin <Xpage=1551>

Tu"ni*cin (?) , n. (Physiol. Chem.) Animal cellulose; a substance present in the mantle, or tunic, of the Tunicates, which resembles, or is identical with, the cellulose of the vegetable kingdom.

Tunicle <Xpage=1551>

Tu"ni*cle (?) , n. [L. tunicula a little tunic, coat, or membrane, dim. of tunica a tunic: cf. OF. tunicle .] 1. A slight natural covering; an integument.

The tunicles that make the ball or apple of the eye. Holland.

2. (R. C. Ch.) A short, close-fitting vestment worn by bishops under the dalmatic, and by subdeacons.

Tuning <Xpage=1551>

Tun"ing (?) , a. & n. from Tune , v.

Tuning fork (Mus.) , a steel instrument consisting of two prongs and a handle, which, being struck, gives a certain fixed tone. It is used for tuning instruments, or for ascertaining the pitch of tunes.

Tunk <Xpage=1551>

Tunk (?) , n. A sharp blow; a thump. [Prov. Eng. &or; Colloq. U. S.]

Tunker <Xpage=1551>

Tun"ker (?) , n. (Eccl.) Same as Dunker .

Tunnage <Xpage=1551>

Tun"nage (?; 48) , n. [From Tun ; cf. Tonnage .] See Tonnage .

Tunnel <Xpage=1551>

Tun"nel (?) , n. . [F. tonnelle a semicircular, wagon-headed vault, a tunnel net, an arbor, OF. also tonnel ; dim. of tonne a tun; -- so named from its resemblance to a tun in shape. See Ton .] 1. A vessel with a broad mouth at one end, a pipe or tube at the other, for conveying liquor, fluids, etc., into casks, bottles, or other vessels; a funnel.

2. The opening of a chimney for the passage of smoke; a flue; a funnel.

And one great chimney, whose long tunnel thence The smoke forth threw. Spenser.

3. An artificial passage or archway for conducting canals or railroads under elevated ground, for the formation of roads under rivers or canals, and the construction of sewers, drains, and the like.

4. (Mining) A level passage driven across the measures, or at right angles to veins which it is desired to reach; -- distinguished from the drift , or gangway , which is led along the vein when reached by the tunnel.

Tunnel head (Metal.) , the top of a smelting furnace where the materials are put in. -- Tunnel kiln , a limekiln in which coal is burned, as distinguished from a flame kiln , in which wood or peat is used. -- Tunnel net , a net with a wide mouth at one end and narrow at the other. -- Tunnel pit , Tunnel shaft , a pit or shaft sunk from the top of the ground to the level of a tunnel, for drawing up the earth and stones, for ventilation, lighting, and the like.

Tunnel <Xpage=1551>

Tun"nel , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Tunneled (<?/) or Tunnelled ; p. pr. & vb. n. Tunneling or Tunnelling .]

1. To form into a tunnel, or funnel, or to form like a tunnel; as, to tunnel fibrous plants into nests .

Derham.

2 <Xpage=1551>

2 To catch in a tunnel net.

3. To make an opening, or a passageway, through or under; as, to tunnel a mountain; to tunnel a river.

Tunny <Xpage=1551>

Tun"ny (?) , n. ; pl. Tunnies (#) . [L. thunnus , thynnus , Gr. <?/, <?/: cf. It. tonno , F. & Pr. thon .] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of large oceanic fishes belonging to the Mackerel family, especially the common or great tunny ( Orcynus &or; Albacora thynnus ) native of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. It sometimes weighs a thousand pounds or more, and is extensively caught in the Mediterranean. On the American coast it is called horse mackerel . See Illust . of Horse mackerel , under Horse . [Written also thynny .]

&hand; The little tunny ( Gymnosarda alletterata ) of the Mediterranean and North Atlantic, and the long-finned tunny, or albicore (see Albicore ), are related species of smaller size.

Tup <Xpage=1551>

Tup (?) , v. t. & i. [Probably akin to top summit, head.] 1. To butt, as a ram does. [Prov. Eng.]

2. To cover; -- said of a ram.

Shak.

Tup <Xpage=1551>

Tup , n. (Zo\'94l.) A ram.

Tupal <Xpage=1551>

Tu*pal" (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of the tupaiids.

Tupaiid <Xpage=1551>

Tu*pai"id (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of East Indian and Asiatic insectivores of the family Tupaiid\'91 , somewhat resembling squirrels in size and arboreal habits. The nose is long and pointed.

Tupelo <Xpage=1551>

Tu"pe*lo (?) , n. [ Tupelo , or tupebo , the native American Indian name.] (Bot.) A North American tree ( Nyssa multiflora ) of the Dogwood family, having brilliant, glossy foliage and acid red berries. The wood is crossgrained and very difficult to split. Called also black gum , sour gum , and pepperidge .