Chapter 177

3. A restless vagabond; -- originally, an idle stroller or gypsy (as in France) thought to have come from Bohemia; in later times often applied to an adventurer in art or literature, of irregular, unconventional habits, questionable tastes, or free morals. [Modern]

&hand; In this sense from the French boh\'82mien , a gypsy; also, a person of irregular habits.

She was of a wild, roving nature, inherited from father and mother, who were both Bohemians by taste and circumstances. Thackeray.

Bohemianism <Xpage=162>

Bo*he"mi*an*ism (?) , n. The characteristic conduct or methods of a Bohemian. [Modern]

Bohun upas <Xpage=162>

Bo"hun u"pas (?) . See Upas .

Boiar <Xpage=162>

Bo*iar" (?) , n. See Boyar .

Boil <Xpage=162>

Boil (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Boiled (#) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Boiling .] [OE. boilen , OF. boilir , builir , F. bouillir , fr. L. bullire to be in a bubbling motion, from bulla bubble; akin to Gr. <?/ , Lith. bumbuls . Cf. Bull an edict, Budge , v ., and Ebullition .] 1. To be agitated, or tumultuously moved, as a liquid by the generation and rising of bubbles of steam (or vapor), or of currents produced by heating it to the boiling point; to be in a state of ebullition; as, the water boils .

2. To be agitated like boiling water, by any other cause than heat; to bubble; to effervesce; as, the boiling waves .

He maketh the deep to boil like a pot. Job xii. 31.

3. To pass from a liquid to an a\'89riform state or vapor when heated; as, the water boils away .

4. To be moved or excited with passion; to be hot or fervid; as, his blood boils with anger .

Then boiled my breast with flame and burning wrath. Surrey.

5. To be in boiling water, as in cooking; as, the potatoes are boiling .

To boil away , to vaporize; to evaporate or be evaporated by the action of heat. -- To boil over , to run over the top of a vessel, as liquid when thrown into violent agitation by heat or other cause of effervescence; to be excited with ardor or passion so as to lose self-control.

Boil <Xpage=162>

Boil , v. t. 1. To heat to the boiling point, or so as to cause ebullition; as, to boil water .

2. To form, or separate, by boiling or evaporation; as, to boil sugar or salt .

3. To subject to the action of heat in a boiling liquid so as to produce some specific effect, as cooking, cleansing, etc.; as, to boil meat; to boil clothes.

The stomach cook is for the hall, And boileth meate for them all. Gower.

4. To steep or soak in warm water. [Obs.]

To try whether seeds be old or new, the sense can not inform; but if you boil them in water, the new seeds will sprout sooner. Bacon.

To boil down , to reduce in bulk by boiling; as, to boil down sap or sirup.

Boil <Xpage=162>

Boil , n. Act or state of boiling. [Colloq.]

Boil <Xpage=162>

Boil , n. [Influenced by boil , v. See Beal , Bile .] A hard, painful, inflamed tumor, which, on suppuration, discharges pus, mixed with blood, and discloses a small fibrous mass of dead tissue, called the core .

A blind boil , one that suppurates imperfectly, or fails to come to a head. -- Delhi boil (Med.) , a peculiar affection of the skin, probably parasitic in origin, prevailing in India (as among the British troops) and especially at Delhi.

Boilary <Xpage=162>

Boil"a*ry (?) , n. See Boilery .

Boiled <Xpage=162>

Boiled (?) , a. Dressed or cooked by boiling; subjected to the action of a boiling liquid; as, boiled meat; a boiled dinner; boiled clothes.

Boiler <Xpage=162>

Boil"er (?) , n. 1. One who boils.

2. A vessel in which any thing is boiled.

&hand; The word boiler is a generic term covering a great variety of kettles, saucepans, clothes boilers, evaporators, coppers, retorts, etc.

3. (Mech.) A strong metallic vessel, usually of wrought iron plates riveted together, or a composite structure variously formed, in which steam is generated for driving engines, or for heating, cooking, or other purposes.

&hand; The earliest steam boilers were usually spheres or sections of spheres, heated wholly from the outside. Watt used the wagon boiler (shaped like the top of a covered wagon) which is still used with low pressures. Most of the boilers in present use may be classified as plain cylinder boilers , flue boilers , sectional and tubular boilers .

Barrel of a boiler , the cylindrical part containing the flues. -- Boiler plate , Boiler iron , plate or rolled iron of about a quarter to a half inch in thickness, used for making boilers and tanks, for covering ships, etc. -- Cylinder boiler , one which consists of a single iron cylinder. -- Flue boilers are usually single shells containing a small number of large flues, through which the heat either passes from the fire or returns to the chimney, and sometimes containing a fire box inclosed by water. -- Locomotive boiler , a boiler which contains an inclosed fire box and a large number of small flues leading to the chimney. -- Multiflue boiler . Same as Tubular boiler , below. -- Sectional boiler , a boiler composed of a number of sections, which are usually of small capacity and similar to, and connected with, each other. By multiplication of the sections a boiler of any desired capacity can be built up. -- Tubular boiler , a boiler containing tubes which form flues, and are surrounded by the water contained in the boiler. See Illust . of Steam boiler , under Steam . -- Tubulous boiler . See under Tubulous . See Tube , n. , 6, and 1st Flue .

<page="163"> Page 163

Boilery <Xpage=163>

Boil"er*y (?) , n. [Cf. F. bouillerie .] A place and apparatus for boiling, as for evaporating brine in salt making.

Boiling <Xpage=163>

Boil"ing , a. Heated to the point of bubbling; heaving with bubbles; in tumultuous agitation, as boiling liquid; surging; seething; swelling with heat, ardor, or passion.

Boiling point , the temperature at which a fluid is converted into vapor, with the phenomena of ebullition. This is different for different liquids, and for the same liquid under different pressures. For water, at the level of the sea, barometer 30 in., it is 212 &deg; Fahrenheit; for alcohol, 172.96&deg;; for ether, 94.8&deg;; for mercury, about 675&deg;. The boiling point of water is lowered one degree Fahrenheit for about 550 feet of ascent above the level of the sea. -- Boiling spring , a spring which gives out very hot water, or water and steam, often ejecting it with much force; a geyser. -- To be at the boiling point , to be very angry. -- To keep the pot boiling , to keep going on actively, as in certain games. [Colloq.]

Boiling <Xpage=163>

Boil"ing , n. 1. The act of ebullition or of tumultuous agitation.

2. Exposure to the action of a hot liquid.

Boilingly <Xpage=163>

Boil"ing*ly , adv. With boiling or ebullition.

And lakes of bitumen rise boiling higher. Byron.

Bois d'arc <Xpage=163>

Bois" d'arc" (?) . [F., bow wood. So called because used for bows by the Western Indians.] (Bot.) The Osage orange ( Maclura aurantiaca ).

The bois d'arc seems to be the characteristic growth of the black prairies. U. S. Census (1880).

Bois durci <Xpage=163>

Bois" dur`ci" (?) . [F., hardened wood.] A hard, highly polishable composition, made of fine sawdust from hard wood (as rosewood) mixed with blood, and pressed.

Boist <Xpage=163>

Boist (?) , n. [OF. boiste , F. bo\'8cte , from the same root as E. box .] A box. [Obs.]

Boisterous <Xpage=163>

Bois"ter*ous (?) , a. [OE. boistous ; of uncertain origin; cf. W. bwyst wild, savage, wildness, ferocity, bwystus ferocious.] 1. Rough or rude; unbending; unyielding; strong; powerful. [Obs.] " Boisterous sword." " Boisterous hand."

Shak.

2. Exhibiting tumultuous violence and fury; acting with noisy turbulence; violent; rough; stormy.

The waters swell before a boisterous storm. Shak.

The brute and boisterous force of violent men. Milton.

3. Noisy; rough; turbulent; as, boisterous mirth; boisterous behavior.

I like not that loud, boisterous man. Addison.

4. Vehement; excessive. [R.]

The heat becomes too powerful and boisterous for them. Woodward.

Syn. -- Loud; roaring; violent; stormy; turbulent; furious; tumultuous; noisy; impetuous; vehement.

Boisterously <Xpage=163>

Bois"ter*ous*ly , adv. In a boisterous manner.

Boisterousness <Xpage=163>

Bois"ter*ous*ness , n. The state or quality of being boisterous; turbulence; disorder; tumultuousness.

Boistous <Xpage=163>

Bois"tous (?) , a. Rough or rude; coarse; strong; violent; boisterous; noisy. [Obs.] Chaucer . -- Bois"tous*ly , adv. -- Bois"tous*ness , n. [Obs.] Chaucer .

Bojanus organ <Xpage=163>

Bo*ja"nus or"gan (?) . [From Bojanus , the discoverer.] (Zo\'94l.) A glandular organ of bivalve mollusca, serving in part as a kidney.

Bokadam <Xpage=163>

Bo"ka*dam` (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) See Cerberus .

Boke <Xpage=163>

Boke , v. t. & i. To poke; to thrust. [Obs. or Dial.]

Bolar <Xpage=163>

Bo"lar (?) , a. [See Bole clay.] Of or pertaining to bole or clay; partaking of the nature and qualities of bole; clayey.

Bolas <Xpage=163>

Bo"las (?) , n. sing. & pl. [Sp.] A kind of missile weapon consisting of one, two, or more balls of stone, iron, or other material, attached to the ends of a leather cord; -- used by the Gauchos of South America, and others, for hurling at and entangling an animal.

Bold <Xpage=163>

Bold (?) , a. [OE. bald , bold , AS. bald , beald ; akin to Icel. ballr , OHG. bald , MHG. balt , D. boud, Goth. bal<?/ei boldness, It. baldo . In Ger. there remains only bald , adv. soon. Cf. Bawd , n. ] 1. Forward to meet danger; venturesome; daring; not timorous or shrinking from risk; brave; courageous.

Throngs of knights and barons bold . Milton.

2. Exhibiting or requiring spirit and contempt of danger; planned with courage; daring; vigorous. "The bold design leased highly."

Milton.

3. In a bad sense, too forward; taking undue liberties; over assuming or confident; lacking proper modesty or restraint; rude; impudent.

Thou art too wild, too rude and bold of voice. Shak.

4. Somewhat overstepping usual bounds, or conventional rules, as in art, literature, etc.; taking liberties in o composition or expression; as, the figures of an author are bold . " Bold tales."

Waller.

The cathedral church is a very bold work. Addison.

5. Standing prominently out to view; markedly conspicuous; striking the eye; in high relief.

Shadows in painting . . . make the figure bolder . Dryden.

6. Steep; abrupt; prominent.

Where the bold cape its warning forehead rears. Trumbull.

Bold eagle <Xpage=163>

Bold eagle (?) , (Zo\'94l.) an Australian eagle ( Aquila audax ), which destroys lambs and even the kangaroo. -- To make bold , to take liberties or the liberty; to venture.

Syn. -- Courageous; daring; brave; intrepid; fearless; dauntless; valiant; manful; audacious; stouthearted; high-spirited; adventurous; confident; strenuous; forward; impudent.

Bold <Xpage=163>

Bold (?) , v. t. To make bold or daring. [Obs.]

Shak.

Bold <Xpage=163>

Bold , v. i. To be or become bold. [Obs.]

Bolden <Xpage=163>

Bold"en (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Boldened (#) . ] To make bold; to encourage; to embolden.

Ready speakers, being boldened with their present abilities to say more, . . . use less help of diligence and study. Ascham.

Bold-faced <Xpage=163>

Bold"-faced` (<?/) , a. 1. Somewhat impudent; lacking modesty; as, a bold-faced woman .

I have seen enough to confute all the bold-faced atheists of this age. Bramhall.

2. (Print.) Having a conspicuous or heavy face.

&hand; This line is bold-faced nonpareil.

Boldly <Xpage=163>

Bold"ly , adv. [AS. bealdl\'c6ce .] In a bold manner.

Boldness <Xpage=163>

Bold"ness , n. The state or quality of being bold.

Syn. -- Courage; bravery; intrepidity; dauntlessness; hardihood; assurance.

Boldo, Boldu <Xpage=163>

Bol"do (?) , Bol"du (?) , n. (Bot.) A fragrant evergreen shrub of Chili ( Peumus Boldus ). The bark is used in tanning, the wood for making charcoal, the leaves in medicine, and the drupes are eaten.

Bole <Xpage=163>

Bole (?) , n. [OE. bole , fr. Icel. bolr ; akin to Sw. b\'86l , Dan. bul , trunk, stem of a tree, G. bohle a thick plank or board; cf. LG. boll round. Cf. Bulge .] The trunk or stem of a tree, or that which is like it.

Enormous elm-tree boles did stoop and lean. Tennyson.

Bole <Xpage=163>

Bole , n. [Etym. doubtful.] An aperture, with a wooden shutter, in the wall of a house, for giving, occasionally, air or light; also, a small closet. [Scot.]

Open the bole wi'speed, that I may see if this be the right Lord Geraldin. Sir W. Scott.

Bole <Xpage=163>

Bole , n. A measure. See Boll , n. , 2.

Mortimer.

Bole <Xpage=163>

Bole , n. [Gr. <?/ a clod or lump of earth: cf. F. bol , and also L. bolus morsel. Cf. Bolus .] 1. Any one of several varieties of friable earthy clay, usually colored more or less strongly red by oxide of iron, and used to color and adulterate various substances. It was formerly used in medicine. It is composed essentially of hydrous silicates of alumina, or more rarely of magnesia. See Clay , and Terra alba .

2. A bolus; a dose.

Coleridge.

Armenian bole . See under Armenian . -- Bole Armoniac , or Armoniak , Armenian bole. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Bolection <Xpage=163>

Bo*lec"tion (?) , n. (Arch.) A projecting molding round a panel. Same as Bilection .

Gwilt.

Bolero <Xpage=163>

Bo*le"ro (?) , n. [Sp.] (Mus.) A Spanish dance, or the lively music which accompanies it.

Boletic <Xpage=163>

Bo*let"ic (?) , a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or obtained from, the Boletus .

Boletic acid , an acid obtained from the Boletus fomentarius , variety pseudo-igniarius . Same as Fumaric acid .

Boletus <Xpage=163>

Bo*le"tus (?) , n. [L. boletus , Gr. <?/ .] (Bot.) A genus of fungi having the under side of the pileus or cap composed of a multitude of fine separate tubes. A few are edible, and others very poisonous.

Boley, Bolye <Xpage=163>

Bo"ley , Bo"lye (?) , n. Same as Booly .

Bolide <Xpage=163>

Bo"lide (?) , n. [F. See Bolis .] A kind of meteor; a bolis.

Bolis <Xpage=163>

Bo"lis , n. [L., fr. Gr. <?/ missile, arrow, fr. <?/ to throw.] A meteor or brilliant shooting star, followed by a train of light or sparks; esp. one which explodes.

Bolivian <Xpage=163>

Bo*liv"i*an (?) , a. Of or pertaining to Bolivia. -- n. A native of Bolivia.

Boll <Xpage=163>

Boll (?) , n. [OE. bolle boll, bowl, AS. bolla . See Bowl a vessel.] 1. The pod or capsule of a plant, as of flax or cotton; a pericarp of a globular form.

2. A Scotch measure, formerly in use: for wheat and beans it contained four Winchester bushels; for oats, barley, and potatoes, six bushels. A boll of meal is 140 lbs. avoirdupois. Also, a measure for salt of two bushels. [Sometimes spelled bole .]

Boll <Xpage=163>

Boll , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Bolled (#) .] To form a boll or seed vessel; to go to seed.

The barley was in the ear, and the flax was bolled . Ex. ix. 31.

Bollandists <Xpage=163>

Bol"land*ists (?) , n. pl. The Jesuit editors of the "Acta Sanctorum", or Lives of the Saints; -- named from John Bolland, who began the work.

Bollard <Xpage=163>

Bol"lard (?) , n. [Cf. Bole the stem of a tree, and Pollard .] An upright wooden or iron post in a boat or on a dock, used in veering or fastening ropes.

Bollard timber (Naut.) , a timber, also called a knighthead , rising just within the stem in a ship, on either side of the bowsprit, to secure its end.

Bollen <Xpage=163>

Boll"en (?) , a. See Boln , a.

Bolling <Xpage=163>

Boll"ing (?) , n. [Cf. Bole stem of a tree, and Poll , v. t. ] A tree from which the branches have been cut; a pollard.

Bollworm <Xpage=163>

Boll"worm` (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) The larva of a moth ( Heliothis armigera ) which devours the bolls or unripe pods of the cotton plant, often doing great damage to the crops.

Boln <Xpage=163>

Boln (?) , v. i. [OE. bolnen , bollen ; cf. Dan. bulne . Cf. Bulge .] To swell; to puff.

Holland.

Boln, Bollen <Xpage=163>

Boln (?) , Boll"en (?) , a. Swollen; puffed out.

Thin, and boln out like a sail. B. Jonson.

Bologna <Xpage=163>

Bo*lo"gna (?) , n. 1. A city of Italy which has given its name to various objects.

2. A Bologna sausage.

Bologna sausage [It. salsiccia di Bologna ], a large sausage made of bacon or ham, veal, and pork, chopped fine and inclosed in a skin. -- Bologna stone (Min.) , radiated barite, or barium sulphate, found in roundish masses composed of radiating fibers, first discovered near Bologna. It is phosphorescent when calcined. -- Bologna vial , a vial of unannealed glass which will fly into pieces when its surface is scratched by a hard body, as by dropping into it a fragment of flint; whereas a bullet may be dropped into it without injury.

Bolognese <Xpage=163>

Bo*lo`gnese" (?) , a. Of or pertaining to Bologna. -- n. A native of Bologna.

Bolognese school (Paint.) , a school of painting founded by the Carracci, otherwise called the Lombard or Eclectic school, the object of which was to unite the excellences of the preceding schools.

Bolognian <Xpage=163>