Chapter 1754

Fan training (Hort.) , the operation of training fruit trees, grapevines, etc., so that the branches shall radiate from the stem like a fan. -- Horizontal training (Hort.) , the operation of training fruit trees, grapevines, etc., so that the branches shall spread out laterally in a horizontal direction. -- Training college . See Normal school , under Normal , a. -- Training day , a day on which a military company assembles for drill or parade. [U. S.] -- Training ship , a vessel on board of which boys are trained as sailors.

Syn. -- See Education .

Train oil <Xpage=1526>

Train" oil` (oil`) . [D. or LG. traan train oil, blubber (cf. Dan. & Sw. tran , G. thran ) + E. oil .] Oil procured from the blubber or fat of whales, by boiling.

Trainy <Xpage=1526>

Train"y (?) , a. Belonging to train oil. [Obs.]

Gay.

Traipse <Xpage=1526>

Traipse (?) , v. i. [Cf. G. trapsen , trappsen , trappen , to tread noisily, to walk stamping. See Trample , Trape .] To walk or run about in a slatternly, careless, or thoughtless manner. [Colloq.]

Pope.

Trais, Trays <Xpage=1526>

Trais (?) , Trays , n. pl. Traces. [Obs.]

Four white bulls in the trays . Chaucer.

Trait <Xpage=1526>

Trait (?) , n. [F., fr. L. tractus , fr. trahere to draw. See Trace , v. , and cf. Tract a region, Trace a strap, Tret .]

1. A stroke; a touch.

By this single trait Homer makes an essential difference between the Iliad and Odyssey. Broome.

2. A distinguishing or marked feature; a peculiarity; as, a trait of character .

&hand; Formerly pronounced tr\'be , as in French, and still so pronounced to some extent in England.

Traiteur <Xpage=1526>

Trai`teur" (?) , n. [F.] The keeper of an eating house, or restaurant; a restaurateur.

Simmonds.

<page="1527"> Page 1527

Traitor <Xpage=1527>

Trai"tor (?) , n. [OE. traitour , OF. tra\'8btor , tra\'8bteur , F. tre\'8ctre , L. traditor , fr. tradere , traditum , to deliver, to give up or surrender treacherously, to betray; trans across, over + dare to give. See Date time, and cf. Betray , Tradition , Traditor , Treason .] 1. One who violates his allegiance and betrays his country; one guilty of treason; one who, in breach of trust, delivers his country to an enemy, or yields up any fort or place intrusted to his defense, or surrenders an army or body of troops to the enemy, unless when vanquished; also, one who takes arms and levies war against his country; or one who aids an enemy in conquering his country. See Treason .

O passing traitor , perjured and unjust! Shak.

2. Hence, one who betrays any confidence or trust; a betrayer. "This false traitor death."

Chaucer.

Traitor <Xpage=1527>

Trai"tor , a. Traitorous. [R.]

Spenser. Pope.

Traitor <Xpage=1527>

Trai"tor , v. t. To act the traitor toward; to betray; to deceive. [Obs.] " But time, it traitors me."

Lithgow.

Traitoress <Xpage=1527>

Trai"tor*ess (?) , n. A traitress. [Obs.]

Rom. of R.

Traitorly <Xpage=1527>

Trai"tor*ly (?) , a. Like a traitor; treacherous; traitorous. [Obs.] " Traitorly rascals."

Shak.

Traitorous <Xpage=1527>

Trai"tor*ous (?) , a. [Cf. F. tra\'8ctreux .] 1. Guilty of treason; treacherous; perfidious; faithless; as, a traitorous officer or subject .

Shak.

2. Consisting in treason; partaking of treason; implying breach of allegiance; as, a traitorous scheme .

-- Trai"tor*ous*ly , adv. -- Trai"tor*ous*ness , n.

Traitory <Xpage=1527>

Trai"tor*y (?) , n. Treachery. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Traitress <Xpage=1527>

Trai"tress (?) , n. [F. tra\'8ctresse .] A woman who betrays her country or any trust; a traitoress.

Dryden.

Traject <Xpage=1527>

Tra*ject" (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Trajected ; p. pr. & vb. n. Trajecting .] [L. trajectus , p. p. of trajicere to throw across; trans across + jacere to throw. See Jet a shooting forth.] To throw or cast through, over, or across; as, to traject the sun's light through three or more cross prisms . [R.]

Sir I. Newton.

Traject <Xpage=1527>

Traj"ect (?) , n. [L. trajectus , fr. trajicere : cf. F. trajet , OF. traject . See Traject , v. t. ] 1. A place for passing across; a passage; a ferry. [Obs.]

Cotgrave.

2. The act of trajecting; trajection.

3. A trajectory. [R.]

I. Taylor.

Trajection <Xpage=1527>

Tra*jec"tion (?) , n. [L. trajectio a crossing over, transposition.] 1. The act of trajecting; a throwing or casting through or across; also, emission.

Boyle.

2. Transposition. [R.]

Knatchbull.

Trajectory <Xpage=1527>

Tra*ject"o*ry (?) , n. ; pl. Trajectories (#) . [Cf. F. trajectoire .] The curve which a body describes in space, as a planet or comet in its orbit, or stone thrown upward obliquely in the air.

Trajet, Trajetour, Trajetry <Xpage=1527>

Tra"jet (?) , Tra"jet*our (?) , Tra"jet*ry (?) , n. See Treget , Tregetour , and Tregetry . [Obs.]

Tralation <Xpage=1527>

Tra*la"tion (?) , n. [L. tralatio , translatio .See Translation .] The use of a word in a figurative or extended sense; ametaphor; a trope. [Obs.]

Bp. Hall.

Tralatition <Xpage=1527>

Tral`a*ti"tion (?) , n. [See Tralatitious .] A change, as in the use of words; a metaphor.

Tralatitious <Xpage=1527>

Tral`a*ti"tious (?) , a. [L. tralatitius , translatitius , tralaticius , translaticius . See Tralation .] 1. Passed along; handed down; transmitted.

Among biblical critics a tralatitious interpretation is one received by expositor from expositor. W. Withington.

2. Metaphorical; figurative; not literal.

Stackhouse.

Tralatitiously <Xpage=1527>

Tral`a*ti"tious*ly , adv. In a tralatitious manner; metephorically.

Holder.

Tralineate <Xpage=1527>

Tra*lin"e*ate (?) , v. i. [L. trans across + linea a line: cf. It tralineare , tralignare .] To deviate; to stray; to wander. [Obs.]

Dryden.

Tralucency <Xpage=1527>

Tra*lu"cen*cy (?) , n. Translucency; as, the tralucency of a gem . [Obs.]

Sir T. Browne.

Tralucent <Xpage=1527>

Tra*lu"cent (?) , a. [L. tralucens , translucens , p. pr. See Translucent .] Translucent. [Obs.]

The air's tralucent gallery. Sir. J. Davies.

Tram <Xpage=1527>

Tram (?) , n. [Prov. E. tram a coal wagon, the shaft of a cart or carriage, a beam or bar; probably of Scand, origin; cf. OSw. tr\'86m , trum , a beam, OD. drom , Prov. & OHG. tram .] 1. A four-wheeled truck running on rails, and used in a mine, as for carrying coal or ore.

2. The shaft of a cart. [Prov. Eng.]

De Quincey.

3. One of the rails of a tramway.

4. A car on a horse railroad. [Eng.]

Tram car , a car made to run on a tramway, especially a street railway car. -- Tram plate , a flat piece of iron laid down as a rail. -- Tram pot (Milling) , the step and support for the lower end of the spindle of a millstone.

Tram <Xpage=1527>

Tram , n. [Sp. trama weft, or F. trame .] A silk thread formed of two or more threads twisted together, used especially for the weft, or cross threads, of the best quality of velvets and silk goods.

Tramble <Xpage=1527>

Tram"ble (?) , v. t. (Mining) To wash, as tin ore, with a shovel in a frame fitted for the purpose.

Smart.

Trammel <Xpage=1527>

Tram"mel (?) , n. [F. tramail , tr\'82mail , a net, LL. tremaculum , tremacle , a kind of net for taking fish; L. tres three + macula a mesh. See Three , and Mail armor.] 1. A kind of net for catching birds, fishes, or other prey.

Carew.

2. A net for confining a woman's hair.

Spenser.

3. A kind of shackle used for regulating the motions of a horse and making him amble.

4. Fig.: Whatever impedes activity, progress, or freedom, as a net or shackle.

[They] disdain the trammels of any sordid contract. Jeffrey.

5. An iron hook of various forms and sizes, used for handing kettles and other vessels over the fire.

6. (Mech.) (a) An instrument for drawing ellipses, one part of which consists of a cross with two grooves at right angles to each other, the other being a beam carrying two pins (which slide in those grooves), and also the describing pencil. (b) A beam compass. See under Beam .

Trammel <Xpage=1527>

Tram"mel (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Trammeled (?) or Trammelled ; p. pr. & vb. n. Trammeling , or Trammelling .] 1. To entangle, as in a net; to catch. [R.]

Shak.

2. To confine; to hamper; to shackle.

Trammeled <Xpage=1527>

Tram"meled (?) , a. (Man.) Having blazes, or white marks, on the fore and hind foot of one side, as if marked by trammels; -- said of a horse. [Written also trammelled .]

Trammeler <Xpage=1527>

Tram"mel*er (?) , n. [Written also trammeller .]

1. One who uses a trammel net.

Nares.

2. One who, or that which, trammels or restrains.

Tramming <Xpage=1527>

Tram"ming (?) , n. (Silk Manuf.) The act or process of forming trams. See 2d Tram .

Tramontane <Xpage=1527>

Tra*mon"tane (?) , a. [OF. tramontain , It. tramontano , L. transmontanus ; trans across, beyond + mons , montis , mountain.] Lying or being beyond the mountains; coming from the other side of the mountains; hence, foreign; barbarous.

&hand; The Italians sometimes use this epithet for ultramontane , and apply it to the countries north of the Alps, as France and Germany, and especially to their ecclesiastics, jurists, painters, etc.; and a north wind is called a tramontane wind. The French lawyers call certain Italian canonists tramontane , or ultramontane , doctors; considering them as favoring too much the court of Rome. See Ultramontane .

Tramontane <Xpage=1527>

Tra*mon"tane , n. One living beyond the mountains; hence, a foreigner; a stranger.

Tramp <Xpage=1527>

Tramp (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Tramped (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Tramping .] [OE. trampen ; akin to LG. trampen , G. trampeln , LG. & D. trappen , Dan. trampe , Sw. & Icel. trampa , Goth. ana trimpan to press upon; also to D. trap a step, G. treppe steps, stairs. Cf. Trap a kind of rock, Trape , Trip , v. i. , Tread .] 1. To tread upon forcibly and repeatedly; to trample.

2. To travel or wander through; as, to tramp the country . [Colloq.]

3. To cleanse, as clothes, by treading upon them in water. [Scot.]

Jamieson.

Tramp <Xpage=1527>

Tramp , v. i. To travel; to wander; to stroll.

Tramp <Xpage=1527>

Tramp , n. 1. A foot journey or excursion; as, to go on a tramp ; a long tramp .

Blackie.

2. A foot traveler; a tramper; often used in a bad sense for a vagrant or wandering vagabond.

Halliwell.

3. The sound of the foot, or of feet, on the earth, as in marching.

Sir W. Scott.

4. A tool for trimming hedges.

5. A plate of iron worn to protect the sole of the foot, or the shoe, when digging with a spade.

Tramper <Xpage=1527>

Tramp"er (?) , n. One who tramps; a stroller; a vagrant or vagabond; a tramp.

Dickens.

Trample <Xpage=1527>

Tram"ple (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Trampled (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Trampling (?) .] [OE. trampelen , freq. of trampen . See Tramp , v. t. ] 1. To tread under foot; to tread down; to prostrate by treading; as, to trample grass or flowers .

Dryden.

Neither cast ye your pearls before swine, lest they trample them under their feet. Matt. vii. 6.

2. Fig.: To treat with contempt and insult.

Cowper.

Trample <Xpage=1527>

Tram"ple , v. i. 1. To tread with force and rapidity; to stamp.

2. To tread in contempt; -- with on or upon .

Diogenes trampled on Plato's pride with greater of his own. Gov. of Tongue.

Trample <Xpage=1527>

Tram"ple , n. The act of treading under foot; also, the sound produced by trampling.

Milton.

The huddling trample of a drove of sheep. Lowell.

Trampler <Xpage=1527>

Tram"pler (?) , n. One who tramples; one who treads down; as, a trampler on nature's law .

Cowper.

Trampoose <Xpage=1527>

Tram*poose" (?) , v. i. [See Tramp , Trample , and Traipse .] To walk with labor, or heavily; to tramp. [Law, U. S.]

Bartlett.

Tramroad <Xpage=1527>

Tram"road` (?) , n. [ Tram a coal wagon + road .] A road prepared for easy transit of trams or wagons, by forming the wheel tracks of smooth beams of wood, blocks of stone, or plates of iron.

Tramway <Xpage=1527>

Tram"way` (?) , n. 1. Same as Tramroad .

2. A railway laid in the streets of a town or city, on which cars for passengers or for freight are drawn by horses; a horse railroad. <-- now also for motor-propelled trams. -->

Tranation <Xpage=1527>

Tra*na"tion (?) , n. [L. tranare , transnare , to swim over; trans across, over + nare to swim.] The act of swimming over. [Obs.]

Bailey.

Trance <Xpage=1527>

Trance (?) , n. [F. transe fright, in OF. also, trance or swoon, fr. transir to chill, benumb, to be chilled, to shiver, OF. also, to die, L. transire to pass over, go over, pass away, cease; trans across, over + ire to go; cf. L. transitus a passing over. See Issue , and cf. Transit .]

1. A tedious journey. [Prov. Eng.]

Halliwell.

2. A state in which the soul seems to have passed out of the body into another state of being, or to be rapt into visions; an ecstasy.

And he became very hungry, and would have eaten; but while they made ready, he fell into a trance . Acts. x. 10.

My soul was ravished quite as in a trance . Spenser.

3. (Med.) A condition, often simulating death, in which there is a total suspension of the power of voluntary movement, with abolition of all evidences of mental activity and the reduction to a minimum of all the vital functions so that the patient lies still and apparently unconscious of surrounding objects, while the pulsation of the heart and the breathing, although still present, are almost or altogether imperceptible.

He fell down in a trance . Chaucer.

Trance <Xpage=1527>

Trance , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Tranced (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Trancing (?) .] 1. To entrance.

And three I left him tranced . Shak.

2. To pass over or across; to traverse. [Poetic]

Trance the world over. Beau. & Fl.

When thickest dark did trance the sky. Tennyson.

Trance <Xpage=1527>

Trance (?) , v. i. To pass; to travel. [Obs.]

Tranect <Xpage=1527>

Tran"ect (?) , n. [Cf. Traject .] A ferry. [Obs.]

Shak.

Trangram <Xpage=1527>

Tran"gram (?) , n. [OE. trangrain a strange thing, trangame a toy. See Tangram .] Something intricately contrived; a contrived; a puzzle. [Cant & Obs.]

Arbuthnot.

Trannel <Xpage=1527>

Tran"nel (?) , n. (Naut.) A treenail. [R.]

Moxon.

Tranquil <Xpage=1527>

Tran"quil (?) , a. [L. tranquillus ; probably fr. trans across, over + a word akin to quietus quiet: cf. F. tranquille . See Quiet .] Quiet; calm; undisturbed; peaceful; not agitated; as, the atmosphere is tranquil ; the condition of the country is tranquil .

A style clear, tranquil , easy to follow. De Quincey.

Tranquilization, Tranquillization <Xpage=1527>

Tran`quil*i*za"tion , Tran`quil*li*za"tion (?) , n. The act of tranquilizing, or the state of being tranquilized.

Tranquilize, Tranquillize <Xpage=1527>

Tran"quil*ize , Tran"quil*lize (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Tranquilized (?) or Tranquilliized ; p. pr. & vb. n. Tranquilizing (?) or Tranquillizing .] [Cf. F. tranquilliser .] To render tranquil; to allay when agitated; to compose; to make calm and peaceful; as, to tranquilize a state disturbed by factions or civil commotions; to tranquilize the mind.

Syn. -- To quiet; compose; still; soothe; appease; calm; pacify.

Tranquilizer, Tranquillizer <Xpage=1527>

Tran"quil*i`zer , Tran"quil*li`zer (?) , n. One who, or that which, tranquilizes.

Tranquilizing, Tranquillizing <Xpage=1527>

Tran"quil*i`zing , Tran"quil*li`zing (?) , a. Making tranquil; calming. " The tranquilizing power of time." Wordsworth . -- Tran"quil*i`zing*ly or Tran"quil*li`zing*ly , adv.

Tranquillity <Xpage=1527>

Tran*quil"li*ty (?) , n. [F. tranquillit\'82 , L. tranquillitas .] The quality or state of being tranquil; calmness; composure.

Tranquilly <Xpage=1527>

Tran"quil*ly (?) , adv. In a tranquil manner; calmly.

Tranquilness <Xpage=1527>

Tran"quil*ness , n. Quality or state of being tranquil.

Trans- <Xpage=1527>

Trans- (?) . [L. trans across, over.] A prefix, signifying over , beyond , through and through , on the other side , as in trans alpine, beyond the Alps; trans form, to form through and through, that is, anew, trans figure.

Transact <Xpage=1527>