Chapter 1688

Syn. -- Pity; fellow-feeling; compassion; commiseration; tenderness; condolence; agreement. -- Sympathy , Commiseration . Sympathy is literally a fellow-feeling with others in their varied conditions of joy or of grief. This term, however, is now more commonly applied to a fellow-feeling with others under affliction, and then coincides very nearly with commiseration . In this case it is commonly followed by for ; as, to feel sympathy for a friend when we see him distressed . The verb sympathize is followed by with ; as, to sympathize with a friend in his distresses or enjoyments . "Every man would be a distinct species to himself, were there no sympathy among individuals." South . See Pity .

Fault, Acknowledged and deplored, in Adam wrought Commiseration . Milton.

Sympetalous <Xpage=1462>

Sym*pet"al*ous (?) , a. [Pref. sym- + petal .] (Bot.) Having the petals united; gamopetalous.

Symphonic <Xpage=1462>

Sym*phon"ic (?) , a. 1. Symphonious.

2. (Mus.) Relating to, or in the manner of, symphony; as, the symphonic form or style of composition .

Symphonious <Xpage=1462>

Sym*pho"ni*ous (?) , a. [From Symphony .] 1. Agreeing in sound; accordant; harmonious.

Followed with acclamation and the sound Symphonious of ten thousand harps. Milton.

2. (Mus.) Symphonic.

Symphonist <Xpage=1462>

Sym"pho*nist (?) , n. [Cf. F. symphoniste .] A composer of symphonies.

Symphonize <Xpage=1462>

Sym"pho*nize (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Symphonized (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Symphonizing (?) .] To agree; to be in harmony. [R.]

Boyle.

Symphony <Xpage=1462>

Sym"pho*ny (?) , n. ; pl. Symphonies (#) . [F. symphonie (cf. It. sinfonia ), L. symphonia , Gr. <?/; <?/ with + <?/ a sound, the voice. See Phonetic .] 1. A consonance or harmony of sounds, agreeable to the ear, whether the sounds are vocal or instrumental, or both.

The trumpets sound, And warlike symphony in heard around. Dryden.

2. A stringed instrument formerly in use, somewhat resembling the virginal.

With harp and pipe and symphony . Chaucer.

3. (Mus.) (a) An elaborate instrumental composition for a full orchestra, consisting usually, like the sonata, of three or four contrasted yet inwardly related movements, as the allegro, the adagio, the minuet and trio, or scherzo, and the finale in quick time. The term has recently been applied to large orchestral works in freer form, with arguments or programmes to explain their meaning, such as the "symphonic poems" of Liszt. The term was formerly applied to any composition for an orchestra, as overtures, etc., and still earlier, to certain compositions partly vocal, partly instrumental. (b) An instrumental passage at the beginning or end, or in the course of, a vocal composition; a prelude, interlude, or postude; a ritornello.

Symphyla <Xpage=1462>

Sym*phy"la (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ with + <?/ a clan.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of small apterous insects having an elongated body, with three pairs of thoracic and about nine pairs of abdominal legs. They are, in many respects, intermediate between myriapods and true insects.

Symphyseal <Xpage=1462>

Sym*phys"e*al (?) , a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to to symphysis.

Symphyseotomy <Xpage=1462>

Sym`phy*se*ot"o*my (?) , n. [NL. symphysis pubis + Gr. <?/ to cut.] (Surg.) The operation of dividing the symphysis pubis for the purpose of facilitating labor; -- formerly called the Sigualtian section . [Written also symphysotomy .]

Dunglison.

Symphysis <Xpage=1462>

Sym"phy*sis (?) , n. ; pl. Symphyses (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to make to grow together; <?/ with + <?/ to cause to grow; to grow.] (Anat.) (a) An articulation formed by intervening cartilage; as, the pubic symphysis . (b) The union or coalescence of bones; also, the place of union or coalescence; as, the symphysis of the lower jaw . Cf. Articulation .

Symphysotomy <Xpage=1462>

Sym`phy*sot"o*my (?) , n. Symphyseotomy.

Symphytism <Xpage=1462>

Sym"phy*tism (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ grown together.] Coalescence; a growing into one with another word. [R.]

Some of the phrasal adverbs have assumed the form of single words, by that symphytism which naturally attaches these light elements to each other. Earle.

Sympiesometer <Xpage=1462>

Sym`pi*e*som"e*ter (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ compression (fr. <?/ to press together; <?/ with + <?/ to press, squeeze) + -meter .] A sensitive kind of barometer, in which the pressure of the atmosphere, acting upon a liquid, as oil, in the lower portion of the instrument, compresses an elastic gas in the upper part.

<-- Figure of a sympiesometer, with labeled parts. --> &hand; The column of oil of a lower part BC of a glass tube compresses hydrogen gas in the upper part AB , and is thus measured on the scale pq by the position of a surface of the oil in the tube. The scale pq is adjustable, and its index must be set to the division on the scale rs corresponding to the temperature indicated by the termometer t , in order to correct for the effects of temperature on the gas. It is sensitive, and convenient for use at sea, but inferior in accuracy to the mercurial barometer.

Symplectic <Xpage=1462>

Sym*plec"tic (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ plaiting together, fr. <?/ to plait together.] (Anat.) Plaiting or joining together; -- said of a bone next above the quadrate in the mandibular suspensorium of many fishes, which unites together the other bones of the suspensorium. -- n. The symplectic bone.

Symploce <Xpage=1462>

Sym"plo*ce (?) , n. [L., fr. Gr. <?/ an interweaving, fr. <?/ to twine together; <?/ + <?/ to twine.] (Rhet.) The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning and another at the end of successive clauses; as, Justice came down from heaven to view the earth ; Justice returned to heaven, and left the earth .

<page="1463"> Page 1463

Sympode <Xpage=1463>

Sym"pode (?) , n. (Bot.) A sympodium.

Sympodial <Xpage=1463>

Sym*po"di*al (?) , a. (Bot.) Composed of superposed branches in such a way as to imitate a simple axis; as, a sympodial stem .

Sympodium <Xpage=1463>

Sym*po"di*um (?) , n. ; pl. Sympodia (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ with + <?/, dim. of <?/, <?/, foot.] (Bot.) An axis or stem produced by dichotomous branching in which one of the branches is regularly developed at the expense of the other, as in the grapevine.

Symposiac <Xpage=1463>

Sym*po"si*ac (?) , a. [L. symposiacus , Gr. <?/.] Of or pertaining to compotations and merrymaking; happening where company is drinking together; as, symposiac meetings .

Symposiac disputations amongst my acquaintance. Arbuthnot.

Symposiac <Xpage=1463>

Sym*po"si*ac , n. A conference or conversation of philosophers at a banquet; hence, any similar gathering.

Symposiarch <Xpage=1463>

Sym*po"si*arch (?) , n. [Gr. <?/, <?/; <?/ a symposium + <?/ to be first, to rule.] (Gr. Antiq.) The master of a feast. <-- = M.C. -->

Symposiast <Xpage=1463>

Sym*po"si*ast (?) , n. One engaged with others at a banquet or merrymaking.

Sydney Smith.

Symposion <Xpage=1463>

Sym*po"si*on (?) , n. [NL.] A drinking together; a symposium. "Our symposion last night."

Sir W. Scott.

Symposium <Xpage=1463>

Sym*po"si*um (?) , n. ; pl. Symposia (#) . [L., fr. Gr. sympo`sion a drinking party, feast; sy`n with + po`sis a drinking. See Syn- , and cf. Potable .] 1. A drinking together; a merry feast.

T. Warton.

2. A collection of short essays by different authors on a common topic; -- so called from the appellation given to the philosophical dialogue by the Greeks.

Symptom <Xpage=1463>

Symp"tom (?) , n. [F. sympt\'93me , Gr. <?/ anything that has befallen one, a chance, causality, symptom, fr. <?/ to fall together; <?/ with + <?/ to fall; akin to Skr. pat to fly, to fall. See Syn- , and cf. Asymptote , Feather .] 1. (Med.) Any affection which accompanies disease; a perceptible change in the body or its functions, which indicates disease, or the kind or phases of disease; as, the causes of disease often lie beyond our sight, but we learn their nature by the symptoms exhibited .

Like the sick man, we are expiring with all sorts of good symptoms . Swift.

2. A sign or token; that which indicates the existence of something else; as, corruption in elections is a symptom of the decay of public virtue .

Syn. -- Mark; note; sign; token; indication.

Symptomatic, Symptomatical <Xpage=1463>

Symp`tom*at"ic (?) , Symp`tom*at"ic*al (?) , a. [Cf. F. symptomatique , Gr. <?/ causal.] 1. Of or pertaining to symptoms; happening in concurrence with something; being a symptom; indicating the existence of something else.

Symptomatic of a shallow understanding and an unamiable temper. Macaulay.

2. According to symptoms; as, a symptomatical classification of diseases .

-- Symp`tom*at"ic*al*ly , adv.

Symptomatology <Xpage=1463>

Symp`tom*a*tol"o*gy (?) , n. [Gr. <?/, <?/, symptom + -logy : cf. F. symptomatologie .] (Med.) The doctrine of symptoms; that part of the science of medicine which treats of the symptoms of diseases; semeiology.

&hand; It includes diagnosis , or the determination of the disease from its symptoms; and prognosis , or the determination of its probable course and event.

Syn- <Xpage=1463>

Syn- (?) . [Gr. <?/ with.] A prefix meaning with , along with , together , at the same time . Syn- becomes sym- before p , b , and m , and syl- before l .

Synacme, Synacmy <Xpage=1463>

Syn*ac"me (?) , Syn*ac"my (?) , n. [NL. synacme . See Syn- , and Acme .] (Bot.) Same as Synanthesis .

Syn\'91resis, Syneresis <Xpage=1463>

Syn*\'91r"e*sis , Syn*er"e*sis (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ a taking or drawing together, fr. <?/ to take together; <?/ with + <?/ to take, to grasp. See Syn- , and Heresy .] (Gram.) The union, or drawing together into one syllable, of two vowels that are ordinarily separated in syllabification; synecphonesis; -- the opposite of di\'91resis .

Synagogical <Xpage=1463>

Syn`a*gog"ic*al (?) , a. Of or pertaining to a synagogue.

Synagogue <Xpage=1463>

Syn"a*gogue (?) , n. [F., from L. synagoga , Gr. <?/ a bringing together, an assembly, a synagogue, fr. <?/ to bring together; <?/ with + <?/ to lead. See Syn- , and Agent .] 1. A congregation or assembly of Jews met for the purpose of worship, or the performance of religious rites.

2. The building or place appropriated to the religious worship of the Jews.

3. The council of, probably, 120 members among the Jews, first appointed after the return from the Babylonish captivity; -- called also the Great Synagogue , and sometimes, though erroneously, the Sanhedrin .

4. A congregation in the early Christian church.

My brethren, . . . if there come into your synagogue a man with a gold ring. James ii. 1,2 (Rev. Ver.).

5. Any assembly of men. [Obs. or R.]

Milton.

Synalepha <Xpage=1463>

Syn`a*le"pha (?) , n. [NL., fr. L. synaloepha , Gr. <?/, from <?/ to melt together; <?/ with + <?/ to besmear.] (Gram.) A contraction of syllables by suppressing some vowel or diphthong at the end of a word, before another vowel or diphthong; as, th' army , for the army . [Written also synal\'d2pha .]

Synallagmatic <Xpage=1463>

Syn`al*lag*mat"ic , a. [Gr. <?/, from <?/ a mutual agreement, contract, fr. <?/ to exchange, negotiate with; <?/ with + <?/ to change.] (Law) Imposing reciprocal obligations upon the parties; as, a synallagmatic contract .

Bouvier.

Synallaxine <Xpage=1463>

Syn`al*lax"ine (?) , a. [From Gr. <?/ to associate with.] (Zo\'94l.) Having the outer and middle toes partially united; -- said of certain birds related to the creepers.

Synal\'d2pha <Xpage=1463>

Syn`a*l\'d2"pha (?) , n. [L.] Same as Synalepha .

Synangium <Xpage=1463>

Syn*an"gi*um (?) , n. ; pl. Synangia (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ + <?/ a hollow vessel.] (Anat.) The divided part beyond the pylangium in the aortic trunk of the amphibian heart. -- Syn*an"gi*al (#) , a.

Synantherous <Xpage=1463>

Syn*an"ther*ous (?) , a. [Pref. syn- + anther.] (Bot.) Having the stamens united by their anthers; as, synantherous flowers .

Synanthesis <Xpage=1463>

Syn`an*the"sis (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ with + Gr. <?/ bloom.] (Bot.) The simultaneous maturity of the anthers and stigmas of a blossom.

Gray.

Synanthous <Xpage=1463>

Syn*an"thous (?) , a. [Pref. syn- + Gr. <?/ flower.] (Bot.) Having flowers and leaves which appear at the same time; -- said of certain plants.

Synanthrose <Xpage=1463>

Syn*an"throse" (?) , n. [From NL. Synanther\'91 the Composit\'91; Gr. <?/ with + <?/ blooming.] (Chem.) A variety of sugar, isomeric with sucrose, found in the tubers of the Jerusalem artichoke ( Helianthus tuberosus ), in the dahlia, and other Composit\'91. <-- ?? not in Merck I. -->

Synapta <Xpage=1463>

Syn*ap"ta (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ fastened together; <?/ with + <?/ to fasten.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of slender, transparent holothurians which have delicate calcareous anchors attached to the dermal plates. See Illustration in Appendix.

Synaptase <Xpage=1463>

Syn*ap"tase (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ fastened together + dias tase .] (Chem.) A ferment resembling diastase, found in bitter almonds. Cf. Amygdalin , and Emulsin .

Synapticula <Xpage=1463>

Syn`ap*tic"u*la (?) , n. ; pl. Synapticul\'91 (#) . [NL., dim. from Gr. <?/ fastened together.] (Zo\'94l.) One of numerous calcareous processes which extend between, and unite, the adjacent septa of certain corals, especially of the fungian corals.

Synarchy <Xpage=1463>

Syn"ar*chy (?) , n. [Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to rule jointly with; <?/ with + <?/ to rule.] Joint rule or sovereignity. [R.]

Stackhouse.

Synartesis <Xpage=1463>

Syn`ar*te"sis (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ a fastening together, fr. <?/ to fasten together.] A fastening or knitting together; the state of being closely jointed; close union. [R.]

Coleridge.

Synarthrodia <Xpage=1463>

Syn`ar*thro"di*a (?) , n. [NL.] (Anat.) Synarthrosis. -- Syn`ar*thro"di*al (#) , a.

Dunglison.

Synarthrosis <Xpage=1463>

Syn`ar*thro"sis (?) , n. ; pl. Synarthroses (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ a being jointed together, fr. <?/ to link or joint together; <?/ with + <?/ a joint.] (Anat.) Immovable articulation by close union, as in sutures. It sometimes includes symphysial articulations also. See the Note under Articulation , n. , 1.

Synastry <Xpage=1463>

Syn"as*try (?) , n. [Pref. syn- + Gr. <?/ a star.] Concurrence of starry position or influence; hence, similarity of condition, fortune, etc., as prefigured by astrological calculation. [R.]

Motley.

Synaxis <Xpage=1463>

Syn*ax"is (?) , n. [L., fr. Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to bring together. See Synagogue .] A congregation; also, formerly, the Lord's Supper.

Jer. Taylor.

Syncarp <Xpage=1463>

Syn"carp (?) , n. [NL. syncarpium . See Syncarpous .] (Bot.) A kind of aggregate fruit in which the ovaries cohere in a solid mass, with a slender receptacle, as in the magnolia; also, a similar multiple fruit, as a mulberry.

Syncarpium <Xpage=1463>

Syn*car"pi*um (?) , n. ; pl. Syncarpia (#) . [NL.] (Bot.) Same as Syncarp .

Syncarpous <Xpage=1463>

Syn*car"pous (?) , a. [Pref. syn- + Gr. <?/ a fruit.] (Bot.) Composed of several carpels consolidated into one ovary.

Syncategorematic <Xpage=1463>

Syn*cat`e*gor`e*mat"ic (?) , a. [Gr. <?/; <?/ with + <?/ a predicate. See Syn- , and Categorematic .] (Logic) Not capable of being used as a term by itself; -- said of words, as an adverb or preposition.

Synchondrosis <Xpage=1463>

Syn`chon*dro"sis (?) , n. ; pl. Synchondroses (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/; <?/ with + <?/ cartilage.] (Anat.) An immovable articulation in which the union is formed by cartilage. -- Syn`chon*dro"si*al , a.

Synchondrotomy <Xpage=1463>

Syn`chon*drot"o*my (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ union by cartilage + <?/ to cut.] (Surg.) Symphyseotomy.

Synchoresis <Xpage=1463>

Syn`cho*re"sis (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/; <?/ with + <?/ a going.] (Rhet.) A concession made for the purpose of retorting with greater force.

Synchronal <Xpage=1463>

Syn"chro*nal (?) , a. [See Synchronous .] Happening at, or belonging to, the same time; synchronous; simultaneous.

Dr. H. More.

Synchronal <Xpage=1463>

Syn"chro*nal , n. A synchronal thing or event.

Synchronical <Xpage=1463>

Syn*chron"ic*al (?) , a. [Cf. F. synchronique .] Happening at the same time; synchronous. Boyle . -- Syn*chron"ic*al*ly , adv.

Synchronism <Xpage=1463>

Syn"chro*nism (?) , n. [Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to be contemporary with, from <?/ synchronous. See Synchronous .] 1. The concurrence of events in time; simultaneousness.

2. The tabular arrangement of historical events and personages, according to their dates.

3. (Paint.) A representation, in the same picture, of two or events which occured at different times.

Synchronistic <Xpage=1463>

Syn`chro*nis"tic (?) , a. Of or pertaining to synchronism; arranged according to correspondence in time; as, synchronistic tables .

Synchronization <Xpage=1463>

Syn`chro*ni*za"tion (?) , n. The act of synchronizing; concurrence of events in respect to time.

Synchronize <Xpage=1463>

Syn"chro*nize (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Synchronized (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Synchronizing (?) .] [Gr. <?/.] To agree in time; to be simultaneous.

The path of this great empire, through its arch of progress, synchronized with that of Christianity. De Quincey.

Synchronize <Xpage=1463>