Chapter 1580

Sol"id (?) , a. [L. solidus , probably akin to sollus whole, entire, Gr. <?/<?/<?/: cf. F. solide . Cf. Consolidate , Soda , Solder , Soldier , Solemn .] 1. Having the constituent parts so compact, or so firmly adhering, as to resist the impression or penetration of other bodies; having a fixed form; hard; firm; compact; -- opposed to fluid and liquid or to plastic , like clay, or to incompact , like sand.

2. Not hollow; full of matter; as, a solid globe or cone, as distinguished from a hollow one ; not spongy; dense; hence, sometimes, heavy.

3. (Arith.) Having all the geometrical dimensions; cubic; as, a solid foot contains 1,728 solid inches .

&hand; In this sense, cubic s now generally used.

4. Firm; compact; strong; stable; unyielding; as, a solid pier; a solid pile; a solid wall.

5. Applied to a compound word whose parts are closely united and form an unbroken word; -- opposed to hyphened . <-- unhyphenated, ligated? fused? -->

6. Fig.: Worthy of credit, trust, or esteem; substantial, as opposed to frivolous or fallacious ; weighty; firm; strong; valid; just; genuine.

The solid purpose of a sincere and virtuous answer. Milton.

These, wanting wit, affect gravity, and go by the name of solid men. Dryden.

The genius of the Italians wrought by solid toil what the myth-making imagination of the Germans had projected in a poem. J. A. Symonds.

7. Sound; not weakly; as, a solid constitution of body .

I. Watts.

8. (Bot.) Of a fleshy, uniform, undivided substance, as a bulb or root; not spongy or hollow within, as a stem.

9. (Metaph.) Impenetrable; resisting or excluding any other material particle or atom from any given portion of space; -- applied to the supposed ultimate particles of matter.

10. (Print.) Not having the lines separated by leads; not open.

11. United; without division; unanimous; as, the delegation is solid for a candidate . [Polit. Cant. U.S.]

Solid angle . (Geom.) See under Angle . -- Solid color , an even color; one not shaded or variegated. -- Solid green . See Emerald green (a) , under Green . -- Solid measure (Arith.) , a measure for volumes, in which the units are each a cube of fixed linear magnitude, as a cubic foot, yard, or the like; thus, a foot, in solid measure , or a solid foot , contains 1,728 solid inches. -- Solid newel (Arch.) , a newel into which the ends of winding stairs are built, in distinction from a hollow newel . See under Hollow , a. -- Solid problem (Geom.) , a problem which can be construed geometrically, only by the intersection of a circle and a conic section or of two conic sections. Hutton . -- Solid square (Mil.) , a square body or troops in which the ranks and files are equal.

Syn. -- Hard; firm; compact; strong; substantial; stable; sound; real; valid; true; just; weighty; profound; grave; important. -- Solid , Hard . These words both relate to the internal constitution of bodies; but hard notes a more impenetrable nature or a firmer adherence of the component parts than solid . Hard is opposed to soft , and solid to fluid , liquid , open , or hollow . Wood is usually solid ; but some kinds of wood are hard , and others are soft .

Repose you there; while I [return] to this hard house, More harder than the stones whereof 't is raised. Shak.

I hear his thundering voice resound, And trampling feet than shake the solid ground. Dryden.

Solid <Xpage=1369>

Sol"id , n. 1. A substance that is held in a fixed form by cohesion among its particles; a substance not fluid.

2. (Geom.) A magnitude which has length, breadth, and thickness; a part of space bounded on all sides.

Solid of revolution . (Geom.) See Revolution , n. , 5.

Solidago <Xpage=1369>

Sol`i*da"go (?) , n. [NL., fr. L. solidare to strengthen, unite; -- so called in allusion to its reputed healing qualities.] (Bot.) A genus of yellow-flowered composite perennial herbs; golden-rod.

Solidare <Xpage=1369>

Sol"i*dare (?) , n. [LL. solidus . Cf. Sou .] A small piece of money. [Obs.]

Shak.

Solidarity <Xpage=1369>

Sol`i*dar"i*ty (?) , n. [F. solidarit\'82 , fr. solide . See Solid .] An entire union or consolidation of interests and responsibilities; fellowship; community.

Solidarity [a word which we owe to the French Communists], signifies a fellowship in gain and loss, in honor and dishonor, in victory and defeat, a being, so to speak, all in the same boat. Trench.

The solidarity . . . of Breton and Welsh poetry. M. Arnold.

Solidary <Xpage=1369>

Sol"i*da*ry (?) , a. Having community of interests and responsibilities.

Men are solidary , or copartners; and not isolated. M. Arnold.

Solidate <Xpage=1369>

Sol"i*date (?) , v. t. [L. solidatus , p. p. of solidare . See Solder .] To make solid or firm. [Obs.]

Cowley.

Solidifiable <Xpage=1369>

So*lid"i*fi`a*ble (?) , a. Capable of being solidified.

Solidification <Xpage=1369>

So*lid`i*fi*ca"tion (?) , n. [Cf. F. solidification .] Act of solidifying, or state of being solidified.

Solidify <Xpage=1369>

So*lid"i*fy (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Solidified (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Solidifying (?) .] [ Solid + -fy : cf. F. solidifier .] To make solid or compact.

Every machine is a solidified mechanical theorem. H. Spencer.

Solidify <Xpage=1369>

So*lid"i*fy , v. i. To become solid; to harden.

Solidism <Xpage=1369>

Sol"id*ism (?) , n. (Med.) The doctrine that refers all diseases to morbid changes of the solid parts of the body. It rests on the view that the solids alone are endowed with vital properties, and can receive the impression of agents tending to produce disease.

Solidist <Xpage=1369>

Sol"id*ist , n. (Med.) An advocate of, or believer in, solidism.

Dunglison.

Solidity <Xpage=1369>

So*lid"i*ty (?) , n. [L. soliditas : cf. F. solidit\'82 .] 1. The state or quality of being solid; density; consistency, -- opposed to fluidity ; compactness; fullness of matter, -- opposed to openness or hollowness ; strength; soundness, -- opposed to weakness or instability ; the primary quality or affection of matter by which its particles exclude or resist all others; hardness; massiveness.

That which hinders the approach of two bodies when they are moving one toward another, I call solidity . Locke.

2. Moral firmness; soundness; strength; validity; truth; certainty; -- as opposed to weakness or fallaciousness ; as, the solidity of arguments or reasoning; the solidity of principles, triuths, or opinions .

3. (Geom.) The solid contents of a body; volume; amount of inclosed space.

Syn. -- Firmness; solidness; hardness; density; compactness; strength; soundness; validity; certainty.

Solidly <Xpage=1369>

Sol"id*ly (?) , adv. In a solid manner; densely; compactly; firmly; truly.

Solidness <Xpage=1369>

Sol"id*ness , n. 1. State or quality of being solid; firmness; compactness; solidity, as of material bodies.

2. Soundness; strength; truth; validity, as of arguments, reasons, principles, and the like.

Solidungula <Xpage=1369>

Sol`id*un"gu*la (?) , n. pl. [NL., from L. solidus solid + ungula a hoof.] (Zo\'94l.) A tribe of ungulates which includes the horse, ass, and related species, constituting the family Equid\'91 .

Solidungular <Xpage=1369>

Sol`id*un"gu*lar (?) , a. (Zo\'94l.) Solipedous.

Solidungulate <Xpage=1369>

Sol`id*un"gu*late (?) , n. [ Solid + ungulate .] (Zool.) Same as Soliped .

Solidungulous <Xpage=1369>

Sol`id*un"gu*lous (?) , a. (Zo\'94l.) Solipedous.

Solifidian <Xpage=1369>

Sol`i*fid"i*an (?) , n. [L. solus alone + fides faith.] (Eccl.) One who maintains that faith alone, without works, is sufficient for justification; -- opposed to nullifidian.

Hammond.

Solifidian <Xpage=1369>

Sol`i*fid"i*an , a. Holding the tenets of Solifidians; of or pertaining to the solifidians.

Solifidianism <Xpage=1369>

Sol`i*fid"i*an*ism , n. The state of Solifidians.

Soliform <Xpage=1369>

Sol"i*form (?) , a. [L. sol sun + -form .] Like the sun in form, appearance, or nature; resembling the sun. [R.] " Soliform things."

Cudworth.

Solifug\'91 <Xpage=1369>

So*lif"u*g\'91 (?) , n. pl. [NL., from L. solifuga (better solipuga ), a kind of venomous ant, or spider.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of arachnids having large, powerful fangs and a segmented abdomen; -- called also Solpugidea , and Solpugides .

Soliloquize <Xpage=1369>

So*lil"o*quize (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Soliloquized (#) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Soliloquizing (#) .] To utter a soliloquy; to talk to one's self.

Soliloquy <Xpage=1369>

So*lil"o*quy (?) , n. ; pl. Soliloquies (#) . [L. soliloquium ; solus alone + loqui to speak. See Sole ly, and Loquacious .] 1. The act of talking to one's self; a discourse made by one in solitude to one's self; monologue.

Lovers are always allowed the comfort of soliloquy . Spectator.

2. A written composition, reciting what it is supposed a person says to himself.

The whole poem is a soliloquy . Prior.

Soliped <Xpage=1369>

Sol"i*ped (?) , n. [Cf. F. solip\'8ade , It. solipede , Sp. solipedo ; apparently fr. L. solus alone + pes , pedis , a foot; but probably fr. L. solidipes solid-footed, whole-hoofed. See Solid , and Pedal .] (Zo\'94l.) A mammal having a single hoof on each foot, as the horses and asses; a solidungulate . [Written also solipede .]

The solipeds , or firm-hoofed animals, as horses, asses, and mules, etc., -- they are, also, in mighty number. Sir T. Browne.

Solipedous <Xpage=1369>

So*lip"e*dous (?) , a. Having single hoofs.

Solipsism <Xpage=1369>

So*lip"sism (?) , n. [L. solus alone + ipse self.] 1. (Ethics) Egotism.

Krauth-Fleming.

2. (Metaph.) Egoism.

Krauth-Fleming.

Solisequious <Xpage=1369>

Sol`i*se"qui*ous (?) , a. [L. sol sun + sequi to follow.] Following the course of the sun; as, solisequious plants . [R.]

Sir T. Browne.

Solitaire <Xpage=1369>

Sol`i*taire" (?) , n. [F. See Solitary .] 1. A person who lives in solitude; a recluse; a hermit.

Pope.

2. A single diamond in a setting; also, sometimes, a precious stone of any kind set alone.

Diamond solitaires blazing on his breast and wrists. Mrs. R. H. Davis.

3. A game which one person can play alone; -- applied to many games of cards, etc.; also, to a game played on a board with pegs or balls, in which the object is, beginning with all the places filled except one, to remove all but one of the pieces by "jumping," as in draughts.

4. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A large extinct bird ( Pezophaps solitaria ) which formerly inhabited the islands of Mauritius and Rodrigeuz. It was larger and taller than the wild turkey. Its wings were too small for flight. Called also solitary . (b) Any species of American thrushlike birds of the genus Myadestes . They are noted their sweet songs and retiring habits. Called also fly-catching thrush . A West Indian species ( Myadestes sibilans ) is called the invisible bird .

Solitarian <Xpage=1369>

Sol`i*ta"ri*an (?) , n. [See Solitary .] A hermit; a solitary. [Obs.]

Sir R. Twisden.

Soliitariety <Xpage=1369>

Sol`ii*ta*ri"e*ty (?) , n. The state of being solitary; solitariness. [Obs.]

Cudworth.

Solitarily <Xpage=1369>

Sol"i*ta*ri*ly (?) , adv. In a solitary manner; in solitude; alone.

Mic. vii. 14.

Solitariness <Xpage=1369>

Sol"i*ta*ri*ness , n. Condition of being solitary.

Solitary <Xpage=1369>

Sol"i*ta*ry (?) , a. [L. solitarius , fr. solus alone: cf. F. solitaire . See Sole , a. , and cf. Solitaire .] 1. Living or being by one's self; having no companion present; being without associates; single; alone; lonely.

Those rare and solitary , these in flocks. Milton.

Hie home unto my chamber, Where thou shalt find me, sad and solitary . Shak.

2. Performed, passed, or endured alone; as, a solitary journey; a solitary life .

Satan . . . explores his solitary flight. Milton.

3. ot much visited or frequented remote from society; retired; lonely; as, a solitary residence or place .

4. Not inhabited or occupied; without signs of inhabitants or occupation; desolate; deserted; silent; still; hence, gloomy; dismal; as, the solitary desert .

How doth the city sit solitary , that was full of people. Lam. i. 1.

Let that night be solitary ; let no joyful voice come therein. Job iii. 7.

5. Single; individual; sole; as, a solitary instance of vengeance; a solitary example .

6. (Bot.) Not associated with others of the same kind.

Solitary ant (Zo\'94l.) , any solitary hymenopterous insect of the family Mutillid\'91 . The female of these insects is destitute of wings and has a powerful sting. The male is winged and resembles a wasp. Called also spider ant . -- Solitary bee (Zo\'94l.) , any species of bee which does not form communities. -- Solitary sandpiper (Zo\'94l.) , an American tattler ( Totanus solitarius ). -- Solitary snipe (Zo\'94l.) , the great snipe. [Prov. Eng.] -- Solitary thrush (Zo\'94l.) the starling. [Prov. Eng.]

Solitary <Xpage=1369>

Sol"i*ta*ry (?) , n. One who lives alone, or in solitude; an anchoret; a hermit; a recluse.

Solitude <Xpage=1369>

Sol"i*tude (?) , n. [F., from L. solitudo , solus alone. See Sole , a. ] 1. state of being alone, or withdrawn from society; a lonely life; loneliness.

Whosoever is delighted with solitude is either a wild beast or a god. Bacon.

O Solitude ! where are the charms That sages have seen in thy face? Cowper.

2. Remoteness from society; destitution of company; seclusion; -- said of places; as, the solitude of a wood .

The solitude of his little parish is become matter of great comfort to him. Law.

3. solitary or lonely place; a desert or wilderness.

In these deep solitudes and awful cells Where heavenly pensive contemplation dwells. Pope.

Syn. Loneliness; soitariness; loneness; retiredness; recluseness. -- Solitude , Retirement , Seclusion , Loneliness . Retirement is a withdrawal from general society, implying that a person has been engaged in its scenes. Solitude describes the fact that a person is alone; seclusion , that he is shut out from others, usually by his own choice; loneliness , that he feels the pain and oppression of being alone. Hence, retirement is opposed to a gay, active, or public life; solitude , to society; seclusion , to freedom of access on the part of others; and loneliness , enjoyment of that society which the heart demands.

O blest retirement , friend to life's decline. Goldsmith.

Such only can enjoy the country who are capable of thinking when they are there; then they are prepared for solitude ; and in that [the country] solitude is prepared for them. Dryden.

It is a place of seclusion from the external world. Bp. Horsley.

These evils . . . seem likely to reduce it [a city] ere long to the loneliness and the insignificance of a village. Eustace.

Solivagant <Xpage=1369>

So*liv"a*gant (?) , a. [L. solus alone + vagans wandering.] Wandering alone. [R.]

T. Grander.

Solivagous <Xpage=1369>

So*liv"a*gous (?) , a. [L. solivagus .] Solivagant.

Sollar <Xpage=1369>

Sol"lar (?) , n. 1. See Solar , n. [Obs.]

2. (Mining) A platform in a shaft, especially one of those between the series of ladders in a shaft.

Sollar <Xpage=1369>

Sol"lar , v. t. To cover, or provide with, a sollar.

Sollein <Xpage=1369>

Sol"lein (?) , a. Sullen; sad. [Obs.]

Spenser.

Solleret <Xpage=1369>

Sol*ler*et" (?) , n. [F. soleret im. fr. OF. soler shoe.] A flexible steel shoe (or one of the plates forming such a shoe), worn with medi\'91val armor.

Solmization <Xpage=1369>

Sol`mi*za"tion (?) , n. [F. solmisation , fr. solmiser to sol-fa; -- called from the musical notes sol , mi . See Sol-fa .] (Mus.) The act of sol-faing. [Written also solmisation .]

&hand; This art was practiced by the Greeks; but six of the seven syllables now in use are generally attributed to Guido d' Arezzo, an Italian monk of the eleventh century, who is said to have taken them from the first syllables of the first six lines of the following stanza of a monkish hymn to St. John the Baptist. --

Ut queant laxis Re sonare fibris Mi ra gestorum Fa muli tuorum Sol ve polluti La bii reatum, Sancte Joannes.

Professor Skeat says the name of the seventh note, si , was also formed by him [Guido] from the initials of the two words of the last line; but this is disputed, Littr\'82 attributing the first use of it to Anselm of Flanders long afterwards. The syllable do is often substituted for ut .

Solo <Xpage=1369>

So"lo (?) , n. ; pl. E. Solos (#) , It. Soli (#) . [It., from L. solus alone. See Sole , a. ] (Mus.) A tune, air, strain, or a whole piece, played by a single person on an instrument, or sung by a single voice.

Soloist <Xpage=1369>

So"lo*ist , n. (Mus.) One who sings or plays a solo.

Solomon <Xpage=1369>

Sol"o*mon (?) , n. One of the kings of Israel, noted for his superior wisdom and magnificent reign; hence, a very wise man. -- Sol`o*mon"ic (#) , a.