Chapter 1529

2. Sheltered from the glare of light or sultry heat.

Cast it also that you may have rooms shady for summer and warm for winter. Bacon.

3. Of or pertaining to shade or darkness; hence, unfit to be seen or known; equivocal; dubious or corrupt. [Colloq.] "A shady business."

London Sat. Rev.

Shady characters, disreputable, criminal. London Spectator.

On the shady side of , on the thither side of; as, on the shady side of fifty; that is, more than fifty. [Colloq.] -- To keep shady , to stay in concealment; also, to be reticent. [Slang]

Shaffle <Xpage=1321>

Shaf"fle (?) , v. i. [See Shuffle .] To hobble or limp; to shuffle. [Obs. or Prov.Eng.]

Shaffler <Xpage=1321>

Shaf"fler (?) , n. A hobbler; one who limps; a shuffer. [Obs. or Prov.Eng.]

Shafiite <Xpage=1321>

Sha"fi*ite (?) , n. A member of one of the four sects of the Sunnites, or Orthodox Mohammedans; -- so called from its founder, Mohammed al- Shafe\'8b .

Shaft <Xpage=1321>

Shaft (?) , n. [OE. shaft , schaft , AS. sceaft ; akin to D. schacht , OHG. scaft , G. schaft , Dan. & Sw. skaft handle, haft, Icel. skapt , and probably to L. scapus , Gr. <?/<?/<?/<?/, <?/<?/<?/<?/, a staff. Probably originally, a shaven or smoothed rod. Cf. Scape , Scepter , Shave .] 1. The slender, smooth stem of an arrow; hence, an arrow.

His sleep, his meat, his drink, is him bereft, That lean he wax, and dry as is a shaft . Chaucer.

A shaft hath three principal parts, the stele [stale], the feathers, and the head. Ascham.

2. The long handle of a spear or similar weapon; hence, the weapon itself; ( Fig. ) anything regarded as a shaft to be thrown or darted; as, shafts of light .

And the thunder, Winged with red lightning and impetuous rage, Perhaps hath spent his shafts . Milton.

Some kinds of literary pursuits . . . have been attacked with all the shafts of ridicule. V. Knox.

3. That which resembles in some degree the stem or handle of an arrow or a spear; a long, slender part, especially when cylindrical. Specifically: (a) (Bot.) The trunk, stem, or stalk of a plant . (b) (Zo\'94l.) The stem or midrib of a feather . See Illust . of Feather . (c) The pole, or tongue, of a vehicle; also, a thill . (d) The part of a candlestick which supports its branches.

Thou shalt make a candlestick of pure gold . . . his shaft , and his branches, his bowls, his knops, and his flowers, shall be of the same. Ex. xxv. 31.

(e) The handle or helve of certain tools, instruments, etc., as a hammer, a whip, etc. (f) A pole, especially a Maypole . [Obs.] Stow . (g) (Arch.) The body of a column; the cylindrical pillar between the capital and base (see Illust . of Column ). Also, the part of a chimney above the roof. Also, the spire of a steeple. [Obs. or R.] Gwilt . (h) A column, an obelisk, or other spire-shaped or columnar monument .

Bid time and nature gently spare The shaft we raise to thee. Emerson.

(i) (Weaving) A rod at the end of a heddle . (j) (Mach.) A solid or hollow cylinder or bar, having one or more journals on which it rests and revolves, and intended to carry one or more wheels or other revolving parts and to transmit power or motion; as, the shaft of a steam engine . See Illust . of Countershaft .

4. (Zo\'94l.) A humming bird ( Thaumastura cora ) having two of the tail feathers next to the middle ones very long in the male; -- called also cora humming bird .

5. [Cf. G. schacht .] (Mining) A well-like excavation in the earth, perpendicular or nearly so, made for reaching and raising ore, for raising water, etc.

6. A long passage for the admission or outlet of air; an air shaft.

7. The chamber of a blast furnace.

Line shaft (Mach.) , a main shaft of considerable length, in a shop or factory, usually bearing a number of pulleys by which machines are driven, commonly by means of countershafts; -- called also line , or main line . -- Shaft alley (Naut.) , a passage extending from the engine room to the stern, and containing the propeller shaft. -- Shaft furnace (Metal.) , a furnace, in the form of a chimney, which is charged at the top and tapped at the bottom.

Shafted <Xpage=1321>

Shaft"ed , a. 1. Furnished with a shaft, or with shafts; as, a shafted arch .

2. (Her.) Having a shaft; -- applied to a spear when the head and the shaft are of different tinctures.

Shafting <Xpage=1321>

Shaft"ing , n. (Mach.) Shafts, collectivelly; a system of connected shafts for communicating motion.

Shaftman, Shaftment <Xpage=1321>

Shaft"man (?) , Shaft"ment (?) , n. [AS. sceaftmund .] A measure of about six inches. [Obs.]

<page="1322"> Page 1322

Shag <Xpage=1322>

Shag (?) , n. [AS. sceacga a bush of hair; akin to Icel. skegg the beard, Sw. sk\'84gg , Dan. skj<?/g . Cf. Schock of hair.] 1. Coarse hair or nap; rough, woolly hair.

True Witney broadcloth, with its shag unshorn. Gay.

2. A kind of cloth having a long, coarse nap.

3. (Com.) A kind of prepared tobacco cut fine.

4. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of cormorant.

Shag <Xpage=1322>

Shag , a. Hairy; shaggy.

Shak.

Shag <Xpage=1322>

Shag , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Shagged (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Shagging .] To make hairy or shaggy; hence, to make rough.

Shag the green zone that bounds the boreal skies. J. Barlow.

<-- (Sport) To chase, as (a) to chase and return balls hit out of bounds. (b) (Baseball) to catch fly balls for practise. -->

Shagbark <Xpage=1322>

Shag"bark` (?) , n. (Bot.) A rough-barked species of hickory ( Carya alba ), its nut. Called also shellbark . See Hickory . (b) The West Indian Pithecolobium micradenium , a legiminous tree with a red coiled-up pod.

Shagebush <Xpage=1322>

Shage"bush` (?) , n. A sackbut. [Obs.]

Shagged <Xpage=1322>

Shag"ged (?) , a. Shaggy; rough. Milton . -- Shag"ged*ness , n. Dr. H. More.

Shagginess <Xpage=1322>

Shag"gi*ness (?) , n. The quality or state of being shaggy; roughness; shaggedness.

Shaggy <Xpage=1322>

Shag"gy (?) , a. [ Compar. Shaggier (?) ; superl. Shaggiest .] [From Shag , n. ] Rough with long hair or wool.

About his shoulders hangs the shaggy skin. Dryden.

2. Rough; rugged; jaggy.

Milton.

[A rill] that winds unseen beneath the shaggy fell. Keble.

Shag-haired <Xpage=1322>

Shag"-haired` (?) , a. Having shaggy hair.

Shak.

Shag-rag <Xpage=1322>

Shag"-rag` (?) , n. The unkempt and ragged part of the community. [Colloq. or Slang.]

R. Browning.

Shagreen <Xpage=1322>

Sha*green" (?) , v. t. To chagrin. [Obs.]

Shagreen <Xpage=1322>

Sha*green" , n. [F. chagrin , It. zigrino , fr. Turk. saghri the back of a horse or other beast of burden, shagreen. Cf. Chagrin .] 1. A kind of untanned leather prepared in Russia and the East, from the skins of horses, asses, and camels, and grained so as to be covered with small round granulations. This characteristic surface is produced by pressing small seeds into the grain or hair side when moist, and afterward, when dry, scraping off the roughness left between them, and then, by soaking, causing the portions of the skin which had been compressed or indented by the seeds to swell up into relief. It is used for covering small cases and boxes.

2. The skin of various small sharks and other fishes when having small, rough, bony scales. The dogfishes of the genus Scyllium furnish a large part of that used in the arts.

Shagreen, Shagreened <Xpage=1322>

Sha*green" (?) , Sha*greened" (?) a. 1. Made or covered with the leather called shagreen. "A shagreen case of lancets."

T. Hook.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Covered with rough scales or points like those on shagreen.

Shah <Xpage=1322>

Shah (?) , n. [Per. sh\'beh a king, sovereign, prince. Cf. Checkmate , Chess , Pasha .] The title of the supreme ruler in certain Eastern countries, especially Persia. [Written also schah .]

Shah Nameh . [Per., Book of Kings.] A celebrated historical poem written by Firdousi, being the most ancient in the modern Persian language.

Brande & C.

Shahin <Xpage=1322>

Sha*hin" (?) , n. [Ar. sh\'beh\'c6n .] (Zo\'94l.) A large and swift Asiatic falcon ( Falco pregrinator ) highly valued in falconry.

Shaik <Xpage=1322>

Shaik (?) , n. See Sheik .

Shail <Xpage=1322>

Shail (?) , v. i. [Cf. AS. sceolh squinting, Icel. skj\'begr wry, oblique, Dan. skele to squint.] To walk sidewise. [Obs.]

L'Estrange.

Shake <Xpage=1322>

Shake (?) , obs. p. p. of Shake .

Chaucer.

Shake <Xpage=1322>

Shake , v. t. [ imp. Shook (?) ; p. p. Shaken (?) , ( Shook , obs. ); p. pr. & vb. n. Shaking .] [OE. shaken , schaken , AS. scacan , sceacan ; akin to Icel. & Sw. skaka , OS. skakan , to depart, to flee. &root;161. Cf. Shock , v. ] 1. To cause to move with quick or violent vibrations; to move rapidly one way and the other; to make to tremble or shiver; to agitate.

As a fig tree casteth her untimely figs, when she is shaken of a mighty wind. Rev. vi. 13.

Ascend my chariot; guide the rapid wheels That shake heaven's basis. Milton.

2. Fig.: To move from firmness; to weaken the stability of; to cause to waver; to impair the resolution of.

When his doctrines grew too strong to be shook by his enemies, they persecuted his reputation. Atterbury.

Thy equal fear that my firm faith and love Can by his fraud be shaken or seduced. Milton.

3. (Mus.) To give a tremulous tone to; to trill; as, to shake a note in music .

4. To move or remove by agitating; to throw off by a jolting or vibrating motion; to rid one's self of; -- generally with an adverb, as off , out , etc.; as, to shake fruit down from a tree .

Shake off the golden slumber of repose. Shak.

'Tis our fast intent To shake all cares and business from our age. Shak.

I could scarcely shake him out of my company. Bunyan.

To shake a cask (Naut.) , to knock a cask to pieces and pack the staves. -- To shake hands , to perform the customary act of civility by clasping and moving hands, as an expression of greeting, farewell, good will, agreement, etc. -- To shake out a reef (Naut.) , to untile the reef points and spread more canvas. -- To shake the bells . See under Bell . -- To shake the sails (Naut.) , to luff up in the wind, causing the sails to shiver. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Shake <Xpage=1322>

Shake , v. i. To be agitated with a waving or vibratory motion; to tremble; to shiver; to quake; to totter.

Under his burning wheels The steadfast empyrean shook throughout, All but the throne itself of God. Milton.

What danger? Who 's that that shakes behind there? Beau & FL.

Shaking piece , a name given by butchers to the piece of beef cut from the under side of the neck. See Illust . of Beef .

Shake <Xpage=1322>

Shake (?) , n. 1. The act or result of shaking; a vacillating or wavering motion; a rapid motion one way and other; a trembling, quaking, or shivering; agitation.

The great soldier's honor was composed Of thicker stuff, which could endure a shake . Herbert.

Our salutations were very hearty on both sides, consisting of many kind shakes of the hand. Addison.

2. A fissure or crack in timber, caused by its being dried too suddenly.

Gwilt.

3. A fissure in rock or earth.

4. (Mus.) A rapid alternation of a principal tone with another represented on the next degree of the staff above or below it; a trill.

5. (Naut.) One of the staves of a hogshead or barrel taken apart.

Totten.

6. A shook of staves and headings.

Knight.

7. (Zo\'94l.) The redshank; -- so called from the nodding of its head while on the ground. [Prov. Eng.]

No great shakes , of no great importance. [Slang] Byron . -- The shakes , the fever and ague. [Colloq. U.S.]

Shakedown <Xpage=1322>

Shake"down` (?) , n. A temporary substitute for a bed, as one made on the floor or on chairs; -- perhaps originally from the shaking down of straw for this purpose.

Sir W. Scott.

<-- shake down, v. t. subject to extortion. -->

Shakefork <Xpage=1322>

Shake"fork` (?) , n. A fork for shaking hay; a pitchfork. [Obs.]

Shaken <Xpage=1322>

Shak"en (?) , a. 1. Caused to shake; agitated; as, a shaken bough .

2. Cracked or checked; split. See Shake , n. , 2.

Nor is the wood shaken or twisted. Barroe.

3. Impaired, as by a shock.

Shaker <Xpage=1322>

Shak"er (?) , n. 1. A person or thing that shakes, or by means of which something is shaken.

2. One of a religious sect who do not marry, popularly so called from the movements of the members in dancing, which forms a part of their worship.

&hand; The sect originated in England in 1747, and came to the United States in 1774, under the leadership of Mother Ann Lee. The Shakers are sometimes nicknamed Shaking Quakers , but they differ from the Quakers in doctrine and practice. They style themselves the "United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing." The sect is now confined in the United States.

3. (Zo\'94l.) A variety of pigeon.

P. J. Selby.

Shakeress <Xpage=1322>

Shak"er*ess , n. A female Shaker.

Shakerism <Xpage=1322>

Shak"er*ism (?) , n. Doctrines of the Shakers.

Shakespearean <Xpage=1322>

Shake*spear"e*an (?) , a. Of, pertaining to, or in the style of, Shakespeare or his works. [Written also Shakespearian , Shakspearean , Shakspearian , Shaksperean , Shaksperian .etc.]

Shakiness <Xpage=1322>

Shak"i*ness (?) , n. Quality of being shaky.

Shakings <Xpage=1322>

Shak"ings (?) , n. pl. (Naut.) Deck sweepings, refuse of cordage, canvas, etc.

Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Shako <Xpage=1322>

Shak"o (?) , n. [Hung. cs\'a0k\'a2 : cf. F. shako , schako .] A kind of military cap or headress.

Shaky <Xpage=1322>

Shak"y (?) , a. [ Compar. Shakier (?) ; superl. Shakiest .] 1. Shaking or trembling; as, a shaky spot in a marsh; a shaky hand .

Thackeray.

2. Full of shakes or cracks; cracked; as, shaky timber .

Gwilt.

3. Easily shaken; tottering; unsound; as, a shaky constitution; shaky business credit . [Colloq.]

Shale <Xpage=1322>

Shale (?) , n. [AS. scealy , scalu . See Scalme , and cf. Shell .] 1. A shell or husk; a cod or pod. "The green shales of a bean."

Chapman.

2. [G. shale .] (Geol.) A fine-grained sedimentary rock of a thin, laminated, and often friable, structure.

Bituminous shale . See under Bituminous .

Shale <Xpage=1322>

Shale , v. t. To take off the shell or coat of; to shell.

Life, in its upper grades, was bursting its shell, or was shaling off its husk. I. Taylor.

Shall <Xpage=1322>

Shall (?) , v. i. & auxiliary. [ imp. Should (?) .] [OE. shal , schal , imp. sholde , scholde , AS. scal , sceal , I am obliged, imp. scolde , sceolde , inf. sculan ; akin to OS. skulan , pres. skal , imp. skolda , D. zullen , pres. zal , imp. zoude , zou , OHG . solan , scolan , pres . scal , sol . imp . scolta , solta , G . sollen , pres. soll , imp. sollte , Icel. skulu , pres. skal , imp. skyldi, SW. skola , pres. skall , imp. skulle, Dan. skulle , pres. skal , imp. skulde , Goth. skulan , pres. skal , imp. skulda , and to AS. scyld guilt, G. schuld guilt, fault, debt, and perhaps to L. scelus crime.] [ Shall is defective, having no infinitive, imperative, or participle.] 1. To owe; to be under obligation for. [Obs.] "By the faith I shall to God"

Court of Love.

2. To be obliged; must. [Obs.] "Me athinketh [I am sorry] that I shall rehearse it her."

Chaucer.