Chapter 1481

Saprophytic <Xpage=1276>

Sap`ro*phyt"ic (?) , a. Feeding or growing upon decaying anomal or vegetable matter; pertaining to a saprophyte or the saprophytes.

Sapsago <Xpage=1276>

Sap"sa*go (?) , n. [G. schabzieger ; schaben to shave, to scrape + zieger a sort of hey.] A kind of Swiss cheese, of a greenish color, flavored with melilot.

Sapskull <Xpage=1276>

Sap"skull` (?) , n. A saphead. [Low]

Sapucaia <Xpage=1276>

Sap`u*ca"ia (?; Pg. <?/) , n. [Pg. sapucaya .] (Bot.) A Brazilian tree. See Lecythis , and Monkey-pot . [Written also sapucaya .]

Sapucaia nut (Bot.) , the seed of the sapucaia; -- called also paradise nut .

Sapwood <Xpage=1276>

Sap"wood` (?) , n. (Bot.) The alburnum, or part of the wood on any exogenous tree next to the bark, being that portion of the tree through which the sap flows most freely; -- distinguished from Heartwood .

Sarabate <Xpage=1276>

Sar"a*ba*te (?) , n. [LL. Saraba\'8btae , pl.] (Eccl. Hist.) One of certain vagrant or heretical Oriental monks in the early church.

Saraband <Xpage=1276>

Sar"a*band (?) , n. [F. sarabande , Sp. zarabanda , fr. Per. serbend a song.] A slow Spanish dance of Saracenic origin, to an air in triple time; also, the air itself.

She has brought us the newest saraband from the court of Queen Mab. Sir W. Scott.

Saracen <Xpage=1276>

Sar"a*cen (?) , n. [l. Saracenus perhaps fr. Ar. sharqi , pl. sharqi\'c6n , Oriental Eastern, fr. sharaga to rise, said of the sun: cf. F. sarrasin . Cf. Sarcenet , Sarrasin , Sirocco .] Anciently, an Arab; later, a Mussulman; in the Middle Ages, the common term among Christians in Europe for a Mohammedan hostile to the crusaders.

Saracen's consound (Bot.) , a kind of ragewort ( Senecio Saracenicus ), anciently used to heal wounds.

Saracenic, Saracenical <Xpage=1276>

Sar`a*cen"ic (?) , Sar`a*cen"ic*al (?) , a. Of or pertaining to the Saracens; as, Saracenic architecture . " Saracenic music."

Sir W. Scott.

Sarasin <Xpage=1276>

Sar"a*sin (?) , n. (Arch.) See Sarrasin .

Saraswati <Xpage=1276>

Sa`ras*wa"ti (?) , n. [Skr. Sarasvat\'c6 .] (Hind. Myth.) The sakti or wife of Brahma; the Hindoo goddess of learning, music, and poetry.

Sarcasm <Xpage=1276>

Sar"casm (?) , n. [F. sarcasme , L. sarcasmu , Gr. <?/ to tear flesh like dogs, to bite the lips in rage, to speak bitterly, to sneer, fr. <?/, <?/, flesh.] A keen, reproachful expression; a satirical remark uttered with some degree of scorn or contempt; a taunt; a gibe; a cutting jest.

The sarcasms of those critics who imagine our art to be a matter of inspiration. Sir J. Reynolds.

Syn. -- Satire; irony; ridicule; taunt; gibe.

Sarcasmous <Xpage=1276>

Sar*cas"mous (?) , a. Sarcastic. [Obs.] " Sarcasmous scandal."

Hubidras.

Sarcastic, Sarcastical <Xpage=1276>

Sar*cas"tic (?) , Sar*cas"tic*al (?) , a. Expressing, or expressed by, sarcasm; characterized by, or of the nature of, sarcasm; given to the use of sarcasm; bitterly satirical; scornfully severe; taunting.

What a fierce and sarcastic reprehension would this have drawn from the friendship of the world! South.

Sarcastically <Xpage=1276>

Sar*cas"tic*al*ly , adv. In a sarcastic manner.

Sarcel <Xpage=1276>

Sar"cel (?) , n. [OF. cercel , F. cerceau , L. circellus , dim. of circulus . See Circle .] One of the outer pinions or feathers of the wing of a bird, esp. of a hawk.

Sarceled <Xpage=1276>

Sar"celed (?) , a. (her.) Cut through the middle.

Sarcelle <Xpage=1276>

Sar`celle" (?) , n. [F., fr. L. querquedula .] (Zo\'94l.) The old squaw, or long-tailed duck.

Sarcenet <Xpage=1276>

Sarce"net (?) , n. [OF. sacenet ; cf. LL. saracenium cloth made by Saracens. See Saracen .] A species of fine thin silk fabric, used for linings, etc. [Written also sarsenet .]

Thou green sarcenet flap for a sore eye. Shak.

Sarcin <Xpage=1276>

Sar"cin (?) , n. Same as Hypoxanthin .

Sarcina <Xpage=1276>

Sar*ci"na (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ of flesh, fr. <?/, <?/, flesh.] (Biol.) A genus of bacteria found in various organic fluids, especially in those those of the stomach, associated with certain diseases. The individual organisms undergo division along two perpendicular partitions, so that multiplication takes place in two directions, giving groups of four cubical cells. Also used adjectively; as, a sarcina micrococcus; a sarcina group .

Sarcina form (Biol.) , the tetrad form seen in the division of a dumb-bell group of micrococci into four; -- applied particularly to bacteria. See micrococcus .

Sarcle <Xpage=1276>

Sar"cle (?) , v. t. [F. sarcler to weed, fr. L. sarculare to hoe, fr. sarculum hoe.] To weed, or clear of weeds, with a hoe. [Obs.]

Ainsworth.

Sarco <Xpage=1276>

Sar"co (?) . A combining form from Gr. <?/, <?/, flesh ; as, sarco phagous, flesh-eating; sarco logy .

Sarcobasis <Xpage=1276>

Sar*cob"a*sis (?) , n. ; pl. Sarcobases (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/, <?/, flesh + <?/ base.] (Bot.) A fruit consisting of many dry indehiscent cells, which contain but few seeds and cohere about a common style, as in the mallows.

Sarcoblast <Xpage=1276>

Sar"co*blast (?) , n. [ Sarco- + -blast .] (Zo\'94l.) A minute yellowish body present in the interior of certain rhizopods.

Sarcocarp <Xpage=1276>

Sar"co*carp (?) , n. [ Sacro- + Gr. <?/ fruit: cf. F. sarcocarpe .] (Bot.) the fleshy part of a stone fruit, situated between the skin, or epicarp, and the stone, or endocarp, as in a peach. See Illust . of Endocarp .

&hand; The term has also been used to denote, any fruit which is fleshy throughout.

M. T. Masters.

Sarcocele <Xpage=1276>

Sar"co*cele (?) , n. [Gr. <?/; <?/, <?/, flesh + <?/ tumor: cf. F. sacroc\'8ale .] (Med.) Any solid tumor of the testicle.

Sarcocol, Sarcocolla <Xpage=1276>

Sar"co*col (?) , Sar`co*col"la (?) , n. [L. sarcoccolla , from Gr. <?/; <?/, <?/, flesh + <?/ glue: cf. F. sacrocolle .] A gum resin obtained from certain shrubs of Africa ( Pen\'91a ), -- formerly thought to cause healing of wounds and ulcers.

Sarcodo <Xpage=1276>

Sar"codo (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ fleshy; <?/ flesh + <?/ form. Cf. Sarcoid .] (Biol.) A name applied by Dujardin in 1835 to the gelatinous material forming the bodies of the lowest animals; protoplasm.

Sarcoderm, sarcoderma <Xpage=1276>

Sar"co*derm (?) , sar`co*der"ma (?) , n. [NL. sacroderma . See Sarco -, and Derm .] (Bot.) (a) A fleshy covering of a seed, lying between the external and internal integuments. (b) A sarcocarp.

Sarcodic <Xpage=1276>

Sar*cod"ic (? &or; ?) , a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to sarcode.

Sarcoid <Xpage=1276>

Sar"coid (?) , a. [Gr. <?/. See Sarcode .] (Biol.) Resembling flesh, or muscle; composed of sarcode.

Sarcolactic <Xpage=1276>

Sar`co*lac"tic (?) , a. [ Sarco- + lactic .] (Physiol. Chem.) relating to muscle and milk; as, sarcolactic acid . See Lactic acid , under Lactic .

Sarcolemma <Xpage=1276>

Sar`co*lem"ma (?) , n. [NL., from Gr. <?/, <?/, flesh + <?/ rind, skin.] (Anat.) The very thin transparent and apparently homogenous sheath which incloses a striated muscular fiber; the myolemma.

Sarcoline <Xpage=1276>

Sar"co*line (?) , a. [Gr. <?/, <?/, flesh.] (Min.) Flesh-colored.

Sarcologic, Sarcological <Xpage=1276>

Sar`co*log"ic (?) , Sar`co*log"ic*al (?) , a. Of or pertaining to sarcology.

Sarcology <Xpage=1276>

Sar*col"o*gy (?) , n. [ Sarco- + -logy : cf. F. sarcologie .] That part of anatomy which treats of the soft parts. It includes myology, angiology, neurology, and splanchnology.

Sarcoma <Xpage=1276>

Sar*co"ma (?) , n. ; pl. L. Sarcomata (# &or; #) , E. sarcomas (#) . [NL., from Gr. <?/, from <?/, <?/, flesh.] (Med.) A tumor of fleshy consistence; -- formerly applied to many varieties of tumor, now restricted to a variety of malignant growth made up of cells resembling those of fetal development without any proper intercellular substance.

Sarcomatous <Xpage=1276>

Sar*com"a*tous (? &or; ?) , a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to sarcoma; resembling sarcoma.

Sarcophaga <Xpage=1276>

Sar*coph"a*ga (?) , n. pl. [NL., neut. pl. See Sarcophagus .] (Zo\'94l.) A suborder of carnivorous and insectivorous marsupials including the dasyures and the opossums.

Sarcophaga <Xpage=1276>

Sar*coph"a*ga , n. [NL., frm. sing. See Sarcophagus .] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of Diptera, including the flesh flies.

Sarcophagan <Xpage=1276>

Sar*coph"a*gan (?) , n. 1. (Zo\'94l.) Any animal which eats flesh, especially any carnivorous marsupial.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Any fly of the genus Sarcophaga.

Sarcophagous <Xpage=1276>

Sar*coph"a*gous (?) , a. (Zo\'94l.) Feeding on flesh; flesh-eating; carnivorous.

Sarcophagus <Xpage=1276>

Sar*coph"a*gus (?) , n. ; pl. L. Sarcophagi (#) , E. Sarcophaguses (#) . [L., fr. Gr. <?/, properly, eating flesh; <?/, <?/, <?/, flesh + <?/ to eat. Cf. Sarcasm .] 1. A species of limestone used among the Greeks for making coffins, which was so called because it consumed within a few weeks the flesh of bodies deposited in it. It is otherwise called lapis Assius , or Assian stone , and is said to have been found at Assos, a city of Lycia.

Holland.

2. A coffin or chest-shaped tomb of the kind of stone described above; hence, any stone coffin.

3. A stone shaped like a sarcophagus and placed by a grave as a memorial.

Sarcophagy <Xpage=1276>

Sar*coph"a*gy (?) , n. [Gr. <?/. See Sarcophagus .] The practice of eating flesh.

Sarcophile <Xpage=1276>

Sar"co*phile (?) , n. [ Sacro- + Gr. <?/ a lover.] (Zo\'94l.) A flesh-eating animal, especially any one of the carnivorous marsupials.

sargoptes <Xpage=1276>

sar*gop"tes (?) , n. [NL., from Gr. <?/, <?/, flesh + <?/ to cut.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of parasitic mites including the itch mites.

Sarcoptid <Xpage=1276>

Sar*cop"tid (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of the genus Sarcoptes and related genera of mites, comprising the itch mites and mange mites. -- a. Of or pertaining to the itch mites.

Sarcorhamphi <Xpage=1276>

Sar`co*rham"phi (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/, <?/, flesh + <?/ beak.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of raptorial birds composing the vultures.

Sarcoseptum <Xpage=1276>

Sar`co*sep"tum (?) , n. ; pl. Sarcosepta (#) . [ Sarco- + septum .] (Zo\'94l.) One of the mesenteries of an anthozoan.

Sarcosin <Xpage=1276>

Sar"co*sin (?) , n. (Physiol. Chem.) A crystalline nitrogenous substance, formed in the decomposition of creatin (one of the constituents of muscle tissue). Chemically, it is methyl glycocoll. <-- N-Methylglycine, C3H7NO2. -->

Sarcosis <Xpage=1276>

Sar*co"sis (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/, fr. <?/, <?/, flesh.] (Med.) (a) Abnormal formation of flesh. (b) Sarcoma.

Sarcotic <Xpage=1276>

Sar*cot"ic (?) , a. [Gr. <?/: cf. F. sarcotique .] (Med.) Producing or promoting the growth of flesh. [R.] -- n. A sarcotic medicine. [R.]

Sarcous <Xpage=1276>

Sar"cous (?) , a. [Gr. <?/, <?/, flesh.] (Anat.) Fleshy; -- applied to the minute stryctural elements, called sarcous elements , or sarcous disks , of which striated muscular fiber is composed.

Sarculation <Xpage=1276>

Sar`cu*la"tion (?) , n. [L. sarculatio . See Sarcle .] A weeding, as with a hoe or a rake.

<page="1277"> Page 1277

Sard <Xpage=1277>

Sard (?) , n. [L. sarda , Gr. <?/, or <?/ (sc. <?/), i.e., Sardian stone, fr. <?/ Sardian, <?/ Sardes, the capital of Lydia: cf. F. sarde . Cf. Sardius .] (Min.) A variety of carnelian, of a rich reddish yellow or brownish red color. See the Note under Chalcedony .

Sardachate <Xpage=1277>

Sar"da*chate (?) , n. [L. sardachates : cf. F. Sardachate . See Sard , and Agate .] (Min.) A variety of agate containing sard.

Sardan, Sardel <Xpage=1277>

Sar"dan (?) , Sar"del (?) , n. [It. sardella . See Sardine a fish.] (Zo\'94l.) A sardine. [Obs.]

Sardel <Xpage=1277>

Sar"del , n. A precious stone. See Sardius .

Sardine <Xpage=1277>

Sar"dine (? &or; ?; 277) , n. [F. sardine (cf. Sp. sardina , sarda , It. sardina , sardella ), L. sardina , sarda ; cf. Gr. <?/, <?/; so called from island of sardinia , Gr. <?/.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several small species of herring which are commonly preserved in olive oil for food, especially the pilchard, or European sardine ( Clupea pichardus ). The California sardine ( Clupea sagax ) is similar. The American sardines of the Atlantic coast are mostly the young of the common herring and of the menhaden.

Sardine <Xpage=1277>

Sar"dine (? &or; ?; 277) , n. See Sardius .

Sardinian <Xpage=1277>

Sar*din"i*an (?) , a. [L. Sardinianus .] Of or pertaining to the island, kingdom, or people of Sardinia. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Sardinia.

Sardius <Xpage=1277>

Sar"di*us (?) , n. [L. sardius , lapis sardinus , Gr. <?/, <?/, <?/. See Sard .] A precious stone, probably a carnelian, one of which was set in Aaron's breastplate.

Ex. xxviii. 17.

Sardoin <Xpage=1277>

Sar"doin (?) , n. [Cf. F. sardoine .] (Min.) Sard; carnelian.

Sardonian <Xpage=1277>

Sar*do"ni*an (?) , a. [Cf. F. sardonien .] Sardonic. [Obs.] "With Sardonian smile."

Spenser.

Sardonic <Xpage=1277>

Sar*don"ic (?) , a. [F. sardonique , L. sardonius , Gr. <?/, <?/, perhaps fr. <?/ to grin like a dog, or from a certain plant of Sardinia , Gr. <?/, which was said to screw up the face of the eater.] Forced; unnatural; insincere; hence, derisive, mocking, malignant, or bitterly sarcastic; -- applied only to a laugh, smile, or some facial semblance of gayety.

Where strained, sardonic smiles are glozing still, And grief is forced to laugh against her will. Sir H. Wotton.

The scornful, ferocious, sardonic grin of a bloody ruffian. Burke.

Sardonic grin &or; laugh , an old medical term for a spasmodic affection of the muscles of the face, giving it an appearance of laughter.

Sardonic <Xpage=1277>

Sar*don"ic , a. Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a kind of linen made at Colchis.

Sardonyx <Xpage=1277>

Sar"do*nyx (?) , n. [L., fr. Gr. <?/. See Sard , and Onyx .] (Min.) A variety of onyx consisting of sard and white chalcedony in alternate layers.

Saree <Xpage=1277>

Sa"ree (?) , n. [Hind. <?/.] The principal garment of a Hindoo woman. It consists of a long piece of cloth, which is wrapped round the middle of the body, a portion being arranged to hang down in front, and the remainder passed across the bosom over the left shoulder.

Sargasso <Xpage=1277>

Sar*gas"so (?) , n. [Sp. sargazo seaweed.] (Bot.) The gulf weed. See under Gulf .

Sargasso Sea , a large tract of the North Atlantic Ocean where sargasso in great abundance floats on the surface.

Sargassum <Xpage=1277>

Sar*gas"sum (?) , n. [NL.] A genus of alg\'91 including the gulf weed.

Sargo <Xpage=1277>

Sar"go (?) , n. [Sp. sargo , L. sargus a kind of fish.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of several species of sparoid fishes belonging to Sargus , Pomodasys , and related genera; -- called also sar , and saragu .

Sari <Xpage=1277>

Sa"ri (?) , n. Same as Saree .

Sarigue <Xpage=1277>

Sa*rigue" (?) , n. [F., from Braz. \'87arigueia , \'87arigueira .] (Zo\'94l.) A small South American opossum ( Didelphys opossum ), having four white spots on the face.

Sark <Xpage=1277>

Sark (?) , n. [AS. serce , syrce , ashirt; akin to Icel. serkr , Sw. s\'84rk .] A shirt. [Scot.]

Sark <Xpage=1277>

Sark , v. t. (Carp.) To cover with sarking, or thin boards.

Sarkin <Xpage=1277>

Sar"kin (?) , n. [Gr. (<?/), (<?/), flesh.] (Physiol. Chem.) Same as Hypoxanthin .

Sarking <Xpage=1277>

Sark"ing (?) , n. [From Sark shirt.] (Carp.) Thin boards for shealting, as above the rafters, and under the shingles or slates, and for similar purposes.

Sarlac, Sarlyk <Xpage=1277>

Sar"lac (?) , Sar"lyk (?) , n. [Mongolian sarlyk .] (Zo\'94l.) The yak.

Sarmatian, Sarmatic <Xpage=1277>

Sar*ma"tian (?) , Sar*mat"ic (?) , a. [L. Sarmaticus .] Of or pertaining to Sarmatia, or its inhabitants, the ancestors of the Russians und the Poles.

Sarment <Xpage=1277>

Sar"ment (?) , n. [L. sarmentum a twig, fr. sarpere to cut off, to trim: cf. F. sarment .] (Bot.) A prostrate filiform stem or runner, as of the strawbwrry. See Runner .

Sarmentaceous <Xpage=1277>

Sar`men*ta"ceous (?) , a. (Bot.) Bearing sarments, or runners, as the strawberry.

Sarmentose <Xpage=1277>

Sar`men*tose" (? &or; ?) , a. [L. sarmentosus : cf. F. sarmenteux . See Sarment .] (Bot.) (a) Long and filiform, and almost naked, or having only leaves at the joints where it strikes root; as, a sarmentose stem . (b) Bearing sarments; sarmentaceous.

Sarmentous <Xpage=1277>