Chapter 1479

Sanguinary <Xpage= Sand badger (Zo\'94l.) , the Japanese badger ( Meles ankuma ). -- Sand bag (a) A bag filled with sand or earth, used for various purposes, as in fortification, for ballast, etc. (b) A long bag filled with sand, used as a club by assassins. -- Sand ball , soap mixed with sand, made into a ball for use at the toilet. -- Sand bath . (a) (Chem.) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed . (b) A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. -- Sand bed , a thick layer of sand, whether deposited naturally or artificially; specifically, a thick layer of sand into which molten metal is run in casting, or from a reducing furnace. -- Sand birds (Zo\'94l.) , a collective name for numerous species of limicoline birds, such as the sandpipers, plovers, tattlers, and many others; -- called also shore birds . -- Sand blast , a process of engraving and cutting glass and other hard substances by driving sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise; also, the apparatus used in the process. -- Sand box . (a) A box with a perforated top or cover, for sprinkling paper with sand . (b) A box carried on locomotives, from which sand runs on the rails in front of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. -- Sand-box tree (Bot.) , a tropical American tree ( Hura crepitans ). Its fruit is a depressed many-celled woody capsule which, when completely dry, bursts with a loud report and scatters the seeds. See Illust . of Regma . -- Sand bug (Zo\'94l.) , an American anomuran crustacean ( Hippa talpoidea ) which burrows in sandy seabeaches. It is often used as bait by fishermen. See Illust . under Anomura . -- Sand canal (Zo\'94l.) , a tubular vessel having a calcareous coating, and connecting the oral ambulacral ring with the madreporic tubercle. It appears to be excretory in function. -- Sand cock (Zo\'94l.) , the redshank. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand collar . (Zo\'94l.) Same as Sand saucer , below. -- Sand crab . (Zo\'94l.) (a) The lady crab . (b) A land crab, or ocypodian. -- Sand crack (Far.) , a crack extending downward from the coronet, in the wall of a horse's hoof, which often causes lameness. -- Sand cricket (Zo\'94l.) , any one of several species of large terrestrial crickets of the genus Stenophelmatus and allied genera, native of the sandy plains of the Western United States. -- Sand cusk (Zo\'94l.) , any ophidiod fish. See Illust . under Ophidiod . -- Sand dab (Zo\'94l.) , a small American flounder ( Limanda ferruginea ); -- called also rusty dab . The name is also applied locally to other allied species. -- Sand darter (Zo\'94l.) , a small etheostomoid fish of the Ohio valley ( Ammocrypta pellucida ). -- Sand dollar (Zo\'94l.) , any one of several species of small flat circular sea urchins, which live on sandy bottoms, especially Echinarachnius parma of the American coast. -- Sand drift , drifting sand; also, a mound or bank of drifted sand. -- Sand eel . (Zo\'94l.) (a) A lant, or launce . (b) A slender Pacific Ocean fish of the genus Gonorhynchus , having barbels about the mouth. -- Sand flag , sandstone which splits up into flagstones. -- Sand flea . (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any species of flea which inhabits, or breeds in, sandy places, especially the common dog flea . (b) the chigoe . (c) Any leaping amphipod crustacean; a beach flea, or orchestian . See Beach flea , under Beach . -- Sand flood , a vast body of sand borne along by the wind. James Bruce. -- Sand fluke . (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sandnecker . (b) The European smooth dab ( Pleuronectes microcephalus ); -- called also kitt , marysole , smear dab , town dab . -- Sand fly (Zo\'94l.) , any one of several species of small dipterous flies of the genus Simulium , abounding on sandy shores, especially Simulium nocivum of the United States. They are very troublesome on account of their biting habits. Called also no-see-um , punky , and midge . -- Sand gall (Geol.) See Sand pipe , below. -- Sand grass (Bot.) , any species of grass which grows in sand; especially, a tufted grass ( Triplasis purpurea ) with numerous bearded joints, and acid awl-shaped leaves, growing on the Atlantic coast. 1274 -- Sand grouse (Zo\'94l.) , any one of many species of Old World birds belonging to the suborder Pterocletes, and resembling both grouse and pigeons. Called also rock grouse , rock pigeon , and ganga . They mostly belong to the genus Pterocles , as the common Indian species ( P. exustus ). The large sand grouse ( P. arenarius ), the painted sand grouse ( P. fasciatus ), and the pintail sand grouse ( P. alchata ) are also found in India. See Illust . under Pterocletes . -- Sand hill , a hill of sand; a dune. -- Sand-hill crane (Zo\'94l.) , the American brown crane ( Grus Mexicana ). -- Sand hopper (Zo\'94l.) , a beach flea; an orchestian. -- Sand hornet (Zo\'94l.) , a sand wasp. -- Sand lark . (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small lark ( Alaudala raytal ), native of India . (b) A small sandpiper, or plover, as the ringneck, the sanderling, and the common European sandpiper . (c) The Australian red-capped dotterel ( \'92gialophilus ruficapillus ); -- called also red-necked plover . -- Sand launce (Zo\'94l.) , a lant, or launce. -- Sand lizard (Zo\'94l.) , a common European lizard ( Lacerta agilis ). -- Sand martin (Zo\'94l.) , the bank swallow. -- Sand mole (Zo\'94l.) , the coast rat. -- Sand monitor (Zo\'94l.) , a large Egyptian lizard ( Monitor arenarius ) which inhabits dry localities. -- Sand mouse (Zo\'94l.) , the dunlin. [Prov. Eng.] -- Sand myrtle . (Bot.) See under Myrtle . -- Sand partridge (Zo\'94l.) , either of two small Asiatic partridges of the genus Ammoperdix . The wings are long and the tarsus is spurless. One species ( A. Heeji ) inhabits Palestine and Arabia. The other species ( A. Bonhami ), inhabiting Central Asia, is called also seesee partridge , and teehoo . -- Sand picture , a picture made by putting sand of different colors on an adhesive surface. -- Sand pike . (Zo\'94l.) (a) The sauger . (b) The lizard fish. -- Sand pillar , a sand storm which takes the form of a whirling pillar in its progress in desert tracts like those of the Sahara and Mongolia. -- Sand pipe (Geol.) , a tubular cavity, from a few inches to several feet in dept, occurring especially in calcareous rocks, and often filled with gravel, sand, etc.; -- called also sand gall . -- Sand pride (Zo\'94l.) , a small british lamprey now considered to be the young of larger species; -- called also sand prey . -- Sand pump , in artesian well boring, a long, slender bucket with a valve at the bottom for raising sand from the well. -- Sand rat (Zo\'94l.) , the pocket gopher. -- Sand rock , a rock made of cemented sand. -- Sand runner (Zo\'94l.) , the turnstone. -- Sand saucer (Zo\'94l.) , the mass of egg capsules, or o\'94thec\'91, of any mollusk of the genus Natica and allied genera. It has the shape of a bottomless saucer, and is coated with fine sand; -- called also sand collar . -- Sand screw (Zo\'94l.) , an amphipod crustacean ( Lepidactylis arenarius ), which burrows in the sandy seabeaches of Europe and America. -- Sand shark (Zo\'94l.) , an American shark ( Odontaspis littoralis ) found on the sandy coasts of the Eastern United States; -- called also gray shark , and dogfish shark . See Illust . under Remora . -- Sand skink (Zo\'94l.) , any one of several species of Old World lizards belonging to the genus Seps ; as, the ocellated sand skink ( Seps ocellatus ) of Southern Europe . -- Sand skipper (Zo\'94l.) , a beach flea, or orchestian. -- Sand smelt (Zo\'94l.) , a silverside. -- Sand snake . (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any one of several species of harmless burrowing snakes of the genus Eryx , native of Southern Europe, Africa, and Asia, especially E. Jaculus of India and E. Johnii , used by snake charmers. (b) Any innocuous South African snake of the genus Psammophis , especially P. sibilans . -- Sand snipe (Zo\'94l.) , the sandpiper. -- Sand star (Zo\'94l.) , an ophiurioid starfish living on sandy sea bottoms; a brittle star. -- Sand storm , a cloud of sand driven violently by the wind. -- Sand sucker , the sandnecker. -- Sand swallow (Zo\'94l.) , the bank swallow. See under Bank . -- Sand tube , a tube made of sand. Especially: (a) A tube of vitrified sand, produced by a stroke of lightning; a fulgurite . (b) (Zo\'94l.) Any tube made of cemented sand . (c) (Zo\'94l. ) In starfishes, a tube having calcareous particles in its wall, which connects the oral water tube with the madreporic plate. -- Sand viper . (Zo\'94l.) See Hognose snake . -- Sand wasp (Zo\'94l.) , any one of numerous species of hymenopterous insects belonging to the families Pompilid\'91 and Spherid\'91 , which dig burrows in sand. The female provisions the nest with insects or spiders which she paralyzes by stinging, and which serve as food for her young. >

San"gui*na*ry , n. [L. herba sanguinaria an herb that stanches blood: cf. F. sanguinaire . See Sanguinary , a. ] (Bot.) (a) The yarrow. (b) The Sanguinaria.

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Sanguine <Xpage=1275>

San"guine (?) , a. [F. sanguin , L. sanguineus , fr. sanguis blood. Cf. Sanguineous .] 1. Having the color of blood; red.

Of his complexion he was sanguine . Chaucer.

Like to that sanguine flower inscribed with woe. Milton.

2. Characterized by abundance and active circulation of blood; as, a sanguine bodily temperament .

3. Warm; ardent; as, a sanguine temper .

4. Anticipating the best; not desponding; confident; full of hope; as, sanguine of success .

Syn. -- Warm; ardent; lively; confident; hopeful.

Sanguine <Xpage=1275>

San"guine , n. 1. Blood color; red.

Spenser.

2. Anything of a blood-red, as cloth. [Obs.]

In sanguine and in pes he clad was all. Chaucer.

3. (Min.) Bloodstone.

4. Red crayon. See the Note under Crayon , 1.

Sanguine <Xpage=1275>

San"guine , v. t. To stain with blood; to impart the color of blood to; to ensanguine.

Sanguineless <Xpage=1275>

San"guine*less , a. Destitute of blood; pale. [R.]

Sanguine <Xpage=1275>

San"guine , adv. In a sanguine manner.

I can not speculate quite so sanguinely as he does. Burke.

Sanguineness <Xpage=1275>

San"guine*ness , n. The quality of being sanguine.

Sanguineous <Xpage=1275>

San*guin"e*ous (?) , a. [L. sanguineus . See Sanguine .] 1. Abounding with blood; sanguine.

2. Of or pertaining to blood; bloody; constituting blood.

Sir T. Browne.

3. Blood-red; crimson.

Keats.

sanguinity <Xpage=1275>

san*guin"i*ty , n. The quality of being sanguine; sanguineness.

Swift.

Sanguinivorous <Xpage=1275>

San"gui*niv"o*rous (?) , a. [L. sanguis + vorare to devour.] Subsisting on blood.

Sanguinolency <Xpage=1275>

San*guin"o*len*cy (?) , n. The state of being sanguinolent, or bloody.

Sanguinolent <Xpage=1275>

San*guin"o*lent (?) , a. [L. sanguinolentus , from sanguis blood: cf. F. sanguinolent .] Tinged or mingled with blood; bloody; as, sanguinolent sputa .

Sanguisuge <Xpage=1275>

San"gui*suge (?) , n. [L. sanguisuga ; sanguis blood + sugere to suck.] (Zo\'94l.) A bloodsucker, or leech.

Sanguivorous <Xpage=1275>

San*guiv"o*rous (?) , a. [L. sanguis blood + vorare to devour.] (Zo\'94l.) Subsisting upon blood; -- said of certain blood-sucking bats and other animals. See Vampire .

Sanhedrin, Sanhedrim <Xpage=1275>

San"he*drin (?) , San"he*drim (?) , n. [Heb. sanhedr\'c6n , fr. Gr. <?/; <?/ with + <?/ a seat, fr. <?/ to sit. See Sit .] (Jewish Antiq.) the great council of the Jews, which consisted of seventy members, to whom the high priest was added. It had jurisdiction of religious matters.

Sanhedrist <Xpage=1275>

San"he*drist (?) , n. A member of the sanhedrin.

Schaeffer (Lange's Com. ).

Sanhita <Xpage=1275>

San"hi*ta (?) , n. [Skr. samhita , properly, combination.] A collection of vedic hymns, songs, or verses, forming the first part of each Veda.

Sanicle <Xpage=1275>

San"i*cle (?) , n. [F., from L. sanare to heal.] (Bot.) Any plant of the umbelliferous genus Sanicula , reputed to have healing powers.

Sanidine <Xpage=1275>

San"i*dine (?) , n. [Gr. <?/. <?/, a board. So called in allusion to the tabular crystals.] (Min.) A variety of orthoclase feldspar common in certain eruptive rocks, as trachyte; -- called also glassy feldspar .

Sanies <Xpage=1275>

Sa"ni*es (?) , n. [L.] (Med.) A thin, serous fluid commonly discharged from ulcers or foul wounds.

Sanious <Xpage=1275>

Sa"ni*ous (?) , a. [L. sanious , fr. sanies : cf. F. sanieux .] 1. (Med.) pertaining to sanies, or partaking of its nature and appearance; thin and serous, with a slight bloody tinge; as, the sanious matter of an ulcer .

2. (med.) Discharging sanies; as, a sanious ulcer .

Sanitarian <Xpage=1275>

San`i*ta"ri*an (?) , a. Of or pertaining to health, or the laws of health; sanitary.

Sanitarian <Xpage=1275>

San`i*ta"ri*an , n. An advocate of sanitary measures; one especially interested or versed in sanitary measures.

Sanitarist <Xpage=1275>

San"i*ta*rist (?) , n. A sanitarian.

Sanitarium <Xpage=1275>

San`i*ta"ri*um (?) , n. [NL. See Sanitary .] A health station or retreat; a sanatorium. "A sanitarium for troops."

L. Oliphant.

Sanitary <Xpage=1275>

San"i*ta*ry (?) , a. [L. sanitas health: cf. F. sanitaire . See Sanity .] Of or pertaining to health; designed to secure or preserve health; relating to the preservation or restoration of health; hygienic; as, sanitary regulations . See the Note under Sanatory .

Sanitary Commission . See under Commission . <-- sanitary napkin, an absorbant pad worn to absorb the menstrual flow of women. -->

Sanitation <Xpage=1275>

San`i*ta"tion (?) , n. The act of rendering sanitary; the science of sanitary conditions; the preservation of health; the use of sanitary measures; hygiene.

How much sanitation has advanced during the last half century. H. Hartshorne.

Sanity <Xpage=1275>

San"i*ty (?) , n. [L. saniras , from sanus sound, healthy. See Sane .] The condition or quality of being sane; soundness of health of body or mind, especially of the mind; saneness.

Sanjak <Xpage=1275>

San"jak (?) , n. [Turk. sanj\'beg .] A district or a subvision of a vilayet. [Turkey]

Sank <Xpage=1275>

Sank (?) , imp. of Sink .

Sankha <Xpage=1275>

Sank"ha (?) , n. [Skr. &cced;ankha a shell.] A chank shell ( Turbinella pyrum ); also, a shell bracelet or necklace made in India from the chank shell.

Sankhya <Xpage=1275>

Sankh"ya (?) , n. A Hindoo system of philosophy which refers all things to soul and a rootless germ called prakriti , consisting of three elements, goodness, passion, and darkness.

Whitworth.

Sannop <Xpage=1275>

San"nop (s&acr;n"n&ocr;p) , n. same as Sannup .

Bancroft.

Sannup <Xpage=1275>

San"nup (-n&ucr;p) , n. A male Indian; a brave; -- correlative of squaw .

Sanny <Xpage=1275>

San"ny (?) , n. The sandpiper. [prov. Eng.]

Sans <Xpage=1275>

Sans (s&aum;n; E. s&acr;nz) , prep. [F., from L. sine without.] Without; deprived or destitute of. Rarely used as an English word. " Sans fail."

Chaucer.

Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything. Shak.

Sanscrit <Xpage=1275>

San"scrit (?) , n. See Sanskrit .

Sans-culotte <Xpage=1275>

Sans`-cu`lotte" (F. ?; E. <?/) , n. [F., without breeches.] 1. A fellow without breeches; a ragged fellow; -- a name of reproach given in the first French revolution to the extreme republican party, who rejected breeches as an emblem peculiar to the upper classes or aristocracy, and adopted pantaloons.

2. Hence, an extreme or radical republican; a violent revolutionist; a Jacobin.

Sans-culottic <Xpage=1275>

Sans`-cu*lot"tic (?) , a. pertaining to, or involving, sans-culottism; radical; revolutionary; Jacobinical.

Carlyle.

Sans-culottism <Xpage=1275>

Sans`-cu*lot"tism (?) , n. [F. sans-culottisme .] Extreme republican principles; the principles or practice of the sans-culottes .

Sanskrit <Xpage=1275>

San"skrit (?) , n. [Skr. Samsk&rsdot;ta the Sanskrit language, literally, the perfect, polished, or classical language, fr. samsk&rsdot;ta prepared, wrought, made,excellent, perfect; sam together (akin to E. same ) + k&rsdot;ta made. See Same , Create .] [Written also Sanscrit .] The ancient language of the Hindoos, long since obsolete in vernacular use, but preserved to the present day as the literary and sacred dialect of India. It is nearly allied to the Persian, and to the principal languages of Europe, classical and modern, and by its more perfect preservation of the roots and forms of the primitive language from which they are all descended, is a most important assistance in determining their history and relations. Cf. Prakrit , and Veda .

Sanskrit <Xpage=1275>

San"skrit , a. Of or pertaining to Sanskrit; written in Sanskrit; as, a Sanskrit dictionary or inscription .

Sanskritic <Xpage=1275>

San*skrit"ic (?) , a. Sanskrit.

Sanskritist <Xpage=1275>

San"skrit*ist , n. One versed in Sanskrit.

Sans-souci <Xpage=1275>

Sans`-sou`ci (?) , adv. [F.] Without care; free and easy.

Santal <Xpage=1275>