Chapter 1394

Shak.

Saadh <Xpage=1264>

Sa"adh (?) , n. See Sadh .

Saan <Xpage=1264>

Saan (?) , n. pl. (Ethnol.) Same as Bushmen .

Sabadilla <Xpage=1264>

Sab`a*dil"la (?) , n. [Sp. cebadilla .] (Bot.) A Mexican liliaceous plant ( Sch\'91nocaulon officinale ); also, its seeds, which contain the alkaloid veratrine. It was formerly used in medicine as an emetic and purgative.

Sab\'91an <Xpage=1264>

Sa*b\'91"an (?) , a. & n. Same as Sabianism .

Sab\'91anism <Xpage=1264>

Sa*b\'91"an*ism (?) , n. Same as Sabianism .

Sab\'91ism, Sabaism <Xpage=1264>

Sa"b\'91*ism (?) , Sa"ba*ism (?) , n. See Sabianism .

Sabal <Xpage=1264>

Sa"bal (?) , n. (Bot.) A genus of palm trees including the palmetto of the Southern United States.

Sabaoth <Xpage=1264>

Sab"a*oth (s&acr;b"&asl;*&ocr;th &or; s&adot;"b&amac;*&ocr;th; 277) , n. pl. [Heb. tseb\'be'&omac;th , pl. of ts\'beb\'be' , an army or host, fr. ts\'beb\'be' , to go forth to war.] 1. Armies; hosts. [Used twice in the English Bible, in the phrase "The Lord of Sabaoth."]

2. Incorrectly, the Sabbath.

Sabbat <Xpage=1264>

Sab"bat (?) , n. [See Sabbath .] In medi\'91val demonology, the nocturnal assembly in which demons and sorcerers were thought to celebrate their orgies.

Sabbatarian <Xpage=1264>

Sab`ba*ta"ri*an (?) , n. [L. Sabbatarius : cf. F. sabbataire . See Sabbath .] 1. One who regards and keeps the seventh day of the week as holy, aggreeably to the letter of the fourth commandment in the Decalogue.

&hand; There were Christians in the early church who held this opinion, and certain Christians, esp. the Seventh-day Baptists , hold it now.

2. A strict observer of the Sabbath.

Sabbatarian <Xpage=1264>

Sab`ba*ta"ri*an , a. Of or pertaining to the Sabbath, or the tenets of Sabbatarians.

Sabbatarianism <Xpage=1264>

Sab`ba*ta"ri*an*ism (?) , n. The tenets of Sabbatarians.

Bp. Ward. (1673).

Sabbath <Xpage=1264>

Sab"bath (?) , n. [OE. sabat , sabbat , F. sabbat , L. sabbatum , Gr. <?/, fr. Heb. shabb\'beth , fr. sh\'bebath to rest from labor. Cf. Sabbat .] 1. A season or day of rest; one day in seven appointed for rest or worship, the observance of which was enjoined upon the Jews in the Decalogue, and has been continued by the Christian church with a transference of the day observed from the last to the first day of the week, which is called also Lord's Day .

Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy. Ex. xx. 8.

2. The seventh year, observed among the Israelites as one of rest and festival.

Lev. xxv. 4.

3. Fig.: A time of rest or repose; intermission of pain, effort, sorrow, or the like.

Peaceful sleep out the sabbath of the tomb. Pope.

Sabbath breaker , one who violates the law of the Sabbath. -- Sabbath breaking , the violation of the law of the Sabbath. -- Sabbath-day's journey , a distance of about a mile, which, under Rabbinical law, the Jews were allowed to travel on the Sabbath.

Syn. -- Sabbath , Sunday . Sabbath is not strictly synonymous with Sunday . Sabbath denotes the institution; Sunday is the name of the first day of the week. The Sabbath of the Jews is on Saturday , and the Sabbath of most Christians on Sunday . In New England, the first day of the week has been called " the Sabbath ," to mark it as holy time; Sunday is the word more commonly used, at present, in all parts of the United States, as it is in England. "So if we will be the children of our heavenly Father, we must be careful to keep the Christian Sabbath day, which is the Sunday ." Homilies.

Sabbathless <Xpage=1264>

Sab"bath*less , a. Without Sabbath, or intermission of labor; hence, without respite or rest.

Bacon.

Sabbatic, Sabbatical <Xpage=1264>

Sab*bat"ic (?) , Sab*bat"ic*al (?) , a. [Gr. <?/: cf. F. sabbatique .] Of or pertaining to the Sabbath; resembling the Sabbath; enjoying or bringing an intermission of labor.

Sabbatical year (Jewish Antiq.) , every seventh year, in which the Israelites were commanded to suffer their fields and vineyards to rest, or lie without tillage.

Sabbatism <Xpage=1264>

Sab"ba*tism (?) , n. [L. sabbatismus , Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to keep the Sabbath: cf. F. sabbatisme . See Sabbath .] Intermission of labor, as upon the Sabbath; rest.

Dr. H. More.

Sabbaton <Xpage=1264>

Sab"ba*ton (?) , n. [Cf. Sp. zapaton , a large shoe, F. sabot a wooden shoe.] A round-toed, armed covering for the feet, worn during a part of the sixteenth century in both military and civil dress.

Sabean <Xpage=1264>

Sa*be"an (?) , a. & n. Same as Sabian .

Sabeism <Xpage=1264>

Sa"be*ism (?) , n. Same as Sabianism .

Sabella <Xpage=1264>

Sa*bel"la (?) , n. [NL., fr. L. sabulum gravel.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of tubiculous annelids having a circle of plumose gills around head.

Sabellian <Xpage=1264>

Sa*bel"li*an (?) , a. Pertaining to the doctrines or tenets of Sabellius. See Sabellian , n.

Sabellian <Xpage=1264>

Sa*bel"li*an (?) , n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Sabellius , a presbyter of Ptolemais in the third century, who maintained that there is but one person in the Godhead, and that the Son and Holy Spirit are only different powers, operations, or offices of the one God the Father.

Sabellianism <Xpage=1264>

Sa*bel"li*an*ism (?) , n. (Eccl.) The doctrines or tenets of Sabellius. See Sabellian , n.

Sabelloid <Xpage=1264>

Sa*bel"loid (?) , a. [ Sabella + -oid .] (Zo\'94l.) Like, or related to, the genus Sabella. -- Sa*bel"loid , n.

Saber, Sabre <Xpage=1264>

Sa"ber , Sa"bre (?) , n. [F. sabre , G. s\'84bel ; of uncertain origin; cf. Hung. sz\'a0blya , Pol. szabla , Russ. sabla , and L. Gr. <?/ crooked, curved.] A sword with a broad and heavy blade, thick at the back, and usually more or less curved like a scimiter; a cavalry sword.

Saber fish , &or; Sabre fish (Zo\'94l.) , the cutlass fish.

Saber, Sabre <Xpage=1264>

Sa"ber , Sa"bre , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Sabered (?) or Sabred (<?/) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Sabering or Sabring (<?/) .] [Cf. F. sabrer .] To strike, cut, or kill with a saber; to cut down, as with a saber.

You send troops to saber and bayonet us into submission. Burke.

Saberbill, Sabrebill <Xpage=1264>

Sa"ber*bill` , Sa"bre*bill` , n. (Zo\'94l.) The curlew.

Sabian <Xpage=1264>

Sa"bi*an (?) , a. [L. Sabaeus .] [Written also Sabean , and Sab\'91anism .] 1. Of or pertaining to Saba in Arabia, celebrated for producing aromatic plants.

2. Relating to the religion of Saba, or to the worship of the heavenly bodies.

Sabian <Xpage=1264>

Sa"bi*an , n. An adherent of the Sabian religion; a worshiper of the heavenly bodies. [Written also Sab\'91an , and Sabean .]

Sabianism <Xpage=1264>

Sa"bi*an*ism (?) , n. The doctrine of the Sabians; the Sabian religion; that species of idolatry which consists in worshiping the sun, moon, and stars; heliolatry. [Written also Sab\'91anism .]

Sabicu <Xpage=1264>

Sab"i*cu (?) , n. The very hard wood of a leguminous West Indian tree ( Lysilona Sabicu ), valued for shipbuilding.

Sabine <Xpage=1264>

Sa"bine (?) , a. [L. Sabinus .] Of or pertaining to the ancient Sabines, a people of Italy. -- n. One of the Sabine people.

Sabine <Xpage=1264>

Sab"ine (?) , n. [F., fr. L. Sabina herba , fr. Sabini the Sabines. Cf. Savin .] (Bot.) See Savin .

Sable <Xpage=1264>

Sa"ble (?) , n. [OF. sable , F. zibeline sable (in sense 4), LL. sabellum ; cf. D. sabel , Dan. sabel , zobel , Sw. sabel , sobel , G. zobel ; all fr. Russ. s\'a2bole .] 1. (Zo\'94l.) A carnivorous animal of the Weasel family ( Mustela zibellina ) native of the northern latitudes of Europe, Asia, and America, -- noted for its fine, soft, and valuable fur.

&hand; The sable resembles the marten, but has a longer head and ears. Its fur consists of a soft under wool, with a dense coat of hair, overtopped by another still longer. It varies greatly in color and quality according to the locality and the season of the year. The darkest and most valuable furs are taken in autumn and winter in the colder parts of Siberia, Russia, and British North America.

&hand; The American sable, or marten, was formerly considered a distinct species ( Mustela Americana ), but it differs very little from the Asiatic sable, and is now considered only a geographical variety.

2. The fur of the sable.

3. A mouring garment; a funeral robe; -- generally in the plural. " Sables wove by destiny."

Young.

4. (Her.) The tincture black; -- represented by vertical and horizontal lines each other.

Sable <Xpage=1264>

Sa"ble (?) , a. Of the color of the sable's fur; dark; black; -- used chiefly in poetry.

Night, sable goddess! from her ebon throne, In rayless majesty, now stretches forth Her leaden scepter o'er a slumbering world. Young.

Sable antelope (Zo\'94l.) , a large South African antelope ( Hippotragus niger ). Both sexes have long, sharp horns. The adult male is black; the female is dark chestnut above, white beneath. -- Sable iron , a superior quality of Russia iron; -- so called because originally stamped with the figure of a sable. -- Sable mouse (Zo\'94l.) , the lemming.

Sable <Xpage=1264>

Sa"ble , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Sabled (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Sabling (?) .] To render sable or dark; to drape darkly or in black.

Sabled all in black the shady sky. G. Fletcher.

Sabot <Xpage=1264>

Sa`bot" (?) , n. [F.] 1. A kind of wooden shoe worn by the peasantry in France, Belgium, Sweden, and some other European countries.

2. (Mil.) A thick, circular disk of wood, to which the cartridge bag and projectile are attached, in fixed ammunition for cannon; also, a piece of soft metal attached to a projectile to take the groove of the rifling.

Saboti\'8are <Xpage=1264>

Sa`bo"ti\'8are (?) , n. [F.] A kind of freezer for ices.

Sabre <Xpage=1264>

Sa"bre (?) , n. & v. See Saber .

Sabretasche <Xpage=1264>

Sa"bre*tasche` (?) , n. [F. sabretache , G. s\'84bel , tasche ; s\'84bel salber + tasche a pocket.] (Mil.) A leather case or pocket worn by cavalry at the left side, suspended from the sword belt.

Campbell (Dict. Mil. Sci. ).

Sabrina work <Xpage=1264>

Sa*bri"na work` (?) . A variety of appliqu\'82 work for quilts, table covers, etc.

Caulfeild & S. (Dict. of Needlework).

Sabulose <Xpage=1264>

Sab"u*lose (?) , a. [L. sabulosus , from sabulum , sabulo , sand.] (Bot.) Growing in sandy places.

Sabulosity <Xpage=1264>

Sab`u*los"i*ty (?) , n. The quality of being sabulous; sandiness; grittiness.

Sabulous <Xpage=1264>

Sab"u*lous (?) , a. [L. sabulosus .] Sandy; gritty.

Sac <Xpage=1264>

Sac (?) , n. (Ethnol.) See Sace .

Sac <Xpage=1264>

Sac , n. [See Sake , Soc .] (O.Eng. Law) The privilege formerly enjoyed the lord of a manor, of holding courts, trying causes, and imposing fines.

Cowell.

Sac <Xpage=1264>

Sac (?) , n. [F., fr. L. saccus a sack. See Sack a bag.] 1. See 2d Sack .

2. (Biol.) A cavity, bag, or receptacle, usually containing fluid, and either closed, or opening into another cavity to the exterior; a sack.

Sacalait <Xpage=1264>

Sac"a*lait (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) A kind of fresh-water bass; the crappie. [Southern U.S.]

Sacar <Xpage=1264>

Sa"car (?) , n. See Saker .

Saccade <Xpage=1264>

Sac*cade" (?) , n. [F.] (Man.) A sudden, violent check of a horse by drawing or twitching the reins on a sudden and with one pull.

Saccate <Xpage=1264>

Sac"cate (?) , a. [NL. saccatus , fr. L. saccus a sack, bag.] 1. (Biol.) Having the form of a sack or pouch; furnished with a sack or pouch, as a petal.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Saccata , a suborder of ctenophores having two pouches into which the long tentacles can be retracted.

Saccharate <Xpage=1264>

Sac"cha*rate (?) , n. (Chem.) (a) A salt of saccharic acid. (b) In a wider sense, a compound of saccharose, or any similar carbohydrate, with such bases as the oxides of calcium, barium, or lead; a sucrate.

Saccharic <Xpage=1264>

Sac*char"ic (?) , a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, saccharine substances; specifically, designating an acid obtained, as a white amorphous gummy mass, by the oxidation of mannite, glucose, sucrose, etc.

Sacchariferous <Xpage=1264>

Sac`cha*rif"er*ous (?) , a. [L. saccharon sugar + -ferous .] Producing sugar; as, sacchariferous canes .

Saccharify <Xpage=1264>

Sac*char"i*fy (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Saccharified (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Saccharifing (?) .] [L. saccharon sugar + -fy : cf. F. saccharifier .] Toconvert into, or to impregnate with, sugar.

Saccharilla <Xpage=1264>

Sac`cha*ril"la (?) , n. A kind of muslin.

Saccharimeter <Xpage=1264>

Sac`cha*rim"e*ter (?) , n. [L. saccharon sugar + -meter : cf. F. saccharim\'8atre .] An instrument for ascertain the quantity of saccharine matter in any solution, as the juice of a plant, or brewers' and distillers' worts. [Written also saccharometer .]

&hand; The common saccharimeter of the brewer is an hydrometer adapted by its scale to point out the proportion of saccharine matter in a solution of any specific gravity. The polarizing saccharimeter of the chemist is a complex optical apparatus, in which polarized light is transmitted through the saccharine solution, and the proportion of sugar indicated by the relative deviation of the plane of polarization.

Saccharimetrical <Xpage=1264>

Sac`cha*ri*met"ric*al (?) , a. Of or pertaining to saccharimetry; obtained saccharimetry.

<page="1265"> Page 1265

Saccharimetry <Xpage=1265>

Sac`cha*rim"e*try (?) , n. The act, process or method of determining the amount and kind of sugar present in sirup, molasses, and the like, especially by the employment of polarizing apparatus.

Saccharin <Xpage=1265>

Sac"cha*rin (?) , n. [F., from L. saccharon sugar.] (Chem.) A bitter white crystalline substance obtained from the saccharinates and regarded as the lactone of saccharinic acid; -- so called because formerly supposed to be isomeric with cane sugar ( saccharose ).

Saccharinate <Xpage=1265>

Sac"cha*ri*nate (?) , n. (Chem.) (a) A salt of saccharinic acid. (b) A salt of saccharine.

Saccharine <Xpage=1265>

Sac"cha*rine (? &or; ?) , a. [F. saccharin , fr. L. saccharob sugar, Gr. <?/, <?/, Skr. &cced;arkara . Cf. Sugar .] Of or pertaining to sugar; having the qualities of sugar; producing sugar; sweet; as, a saccharine taste; saccharine matter .

Saccharine <Xpage=1265>

Sac"cha*rine (? &or; ?) , n. (Chem.) A trade name for benzoic sulphinide. [Written also saccharin .] <-- A synthetic sweetening agent used (in the form of the sodium salt) as a non-caloric sweetening agent, to avoid gaining weight or for medical purposes. Benzoic sulfimide, C7H5NO3S . -->

Saccharinic <Xpage=1265>

Sac"cha*rin"ic (?) , a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from, saccharin; specifically, designating a complex acid not known in the free state but well known in its salts, which are obtained by boiling dextrose and levulose (invert sugar) with milk of lime.

Saccharize <Xpage=1265>

Sac"cha*rize (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Saccharized (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Saccharizing (?) .] To convert into, or to impregnate with, sugar.

Saccharoid, Saccharoidal <Xpage=1265>

Sac"cha*roid (?) , Sac`cha*roid"al (?) , a. [L. saccharon sugar + -oid : cf. F. saccharo\'8bde .] resembling sugar, as in taste, appearance, consistency, or composition; as, saccharoidal limestone .

Saccharometer <Xpage=1265>

Sac`cha*rom"e*ter (?) , n. A saccharimeter.

Saccharomyces <Xpage=1265>

Sac`cha*ro*my"ces (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ sugar + <?/, <?/, a fungus.] (Biol.) A genus of budding fungi, the various species of which have the power, to a greater or less extent, or splitting up sugar into alcohol and carbonic acid. They are the active agents in producing fermentation of wine, beer, etc. Saccharomyces cerevisi\'91 is the yeast of sedimentary beer. Also called Torula . <-- Brewers' yeast is Saccharomyces cerevisiae. -->

Saccharomycetes <Xpage=1265>

Sac`cha*ro*my*ce"tes (?) , n. pl. (Biol.) A family of fungi consisting of the one genus Saccharomyces. Saccharonate <Xpage=1265>

Sac"cha*ro*nate (?) , n. (Chem.) A salt of saccharonic acid.

Saccharone <Xpage=1265>

Sac"cha*rone (?) , n. [ Sacchar in + lact one ,] (Chem.) (a) A white crystalline substance, C6H8O6 , obtained by the oxidation of saccharin, and regarded as the lactone of saccharonic acid. (b) An oily liquid, C6H10O2 , obtained by the reduction of saccharin.

Saccharonic <Xpage=1265>

Sac`cha*ron"ic (?) , a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from, saccharone; specifically, designating an unstable acid which is obtained from saccharone (a) by hydration, and forms a well-known series of salts.

Saccharose <Xpage=1265>

Sac"cha*rose` (?) , n. (Chem.) Cane sugar; sucrose; also, in general, any one of the group of which saccharose, or sucrose proper, is the type. See Sucrose .

Saccharous <Xpage=1265>

Sac"cha*rous (?) , a. Saccharine.

Saccharum <Xpage=1265>

Sac"cha*rum (?) , n. [NL. See Saccharine .] (Bot.) A genus of tall tropical grasses including the sugar cane.

Saccholactate <Xpage=1265>