Chapter 1387

Ru*bif"ic (?) , a. [L. ruber red + facere to make.] Making red; as, rubific rays .

Grew.

Rubifcation <Xpage=1257>

Ru`bi*fca"tion (?) , n. [Cf. F. rubification .] The act of making red.

Howell.

Rubiform <Xpage=1257>

Ru"bi*form (?) , a. [L. ruber red + -form .] Having the nature or quality of red; as, the rubiform rays of the sun . [R.]

Sir I. newton.

Rubify <Xpage=1257>

Ru"bi*fy (?) , v. t. [Cf. F. rub\'82fier . See Rubific .] To redden. [R.] "Waters rubifying ."

Chaucer.

Rubiginose, Rubiginous <Xpage=1257>

Ru*big"i*nose` (?) , Ru*big"i*nous (?) , a. [L. rubiginosus , fr. rubigo , robigo , rust: cf. F. rubigineux .] (Bot.) Having the appearance or color of iron rust; rusty-looking.

Rubigo <Xpage=1257>

Ru*bi"go (?) , n. [L. rubigo , robigo , rust of metals, rust, blight.] (bot.) same as Rust , n. , 2.

Rubin <Xpage=1257>

Ru"bin (?) , n. [Cf. LL. rubinus , It. rubino . See Ruby .] A ruby. [Obs.]

Spenser.

Rubious <Xpage=1257>

Ru"bi*ous (?) , a. [L. rubeus , fr. rubere to be red. See Rouge .] Red; ruddy. [Obs.]

Shak.

Rubiretin <Xpage=1257>

Ru`bi*re"tin (?) , n. [ Rubi an + Gr. <?/ resin.] (Chem.) One of the red dye products extracted from madder root, and probably identical with ruberythrinic acid.

Ruble <Xpage=1257>

Ru"ble (?) , n. [Russ. ruble .] The unit of monetary value in Russia. <-- and, 1917-1992, in the Soviet Union --> It is divided into 100 copecks, and in the gold coin of the realm (as in the five and ten ruble pieces) is worth about 77 cents. The silver ruble is a coin worth about 60 cents. [Written also rouble .] <-- After the severe inflation of 1992-1996, the ruble is now exchanged at 5000 rubles to the dollar. Th Kopeck is no longer minted or used in trade, the smallest coin (1996) being the ruble. -->

Rubric <Xpage=1257>

Ru"bric (?) , n. [OE. rubriche , OF. rubriche , F. rubrique ( cf. it. rubrica ), fr. L. rubrica red earth for coloring, red chalk, the title of a law (because written in red), fr. ruber red. See red .] That part of any work in the early manuscripts and typography which was colored red, to distinguish it from other portions. Hence, specifically: (a) A titlepage, or part of it, especially that giving the date and place of printing; also, the initial letters, etc., when printed in red. (b) (Law books) The title of a statute; -- so called as being anciently written in red letters. Bell. (c) (Liturgies) The directions and rules for the conduct of service, formerly written or printed in red; hence, also, an ecclesiastical or episcopal injunction; -- usually in the plural .

All the clergy in England solemnly pledge themselves to observe the rubrics . Hook.

(d) Hence, that which is established or settled, as by authority; a thing definitely settled or fixed .

Cowper.

Nay, as a duty, it had no place or rubric in human conceptions before Christianity. De Quincey.

<-- category, class, classification under the rubric of, (See def. (b)) in the category of -->

Rubric <Xpage=1257>

Ru"bric , v. t. To adorn ith red; to redden; to rubricate. [R.]

Johnson.

Rubric, Rubrical <Xpage=1257>

Ru"bric (?) , Ru"bric*al (?) , a. 1. Colored in, or marked with, red; placed in rubrics.

What though my name stood rubric on the walls Or plaistered posts, with claps, in capitals? Pope.

2. Of or pertaining to the rubric or rubrics. " Rubrical eccentricities."

C. Kingsley.

Rubricate <Xpage=1257>

Ru"bri*cate (?) , a. [L. rubricatus p.p. of rubricare to color red. See Rubric , n. ] Marked with red.

Sp<?/lmman.

Rubricate <Xpage=1257>

Ru"bri*cate (?) , v. t. To mark or distinguished with red; to arrange as in a rubric; to establish in a settled and unchangeable form.

Foxe.

A system . . . according to which the thoughts of men were to be classed and rubricated forever after. Hare.

Rubrician, Rubricist <Xpage=1257>

Ru*bri"cian (?) , Ru"bri*cist (?) , n. One skilled in, or tenaciously adhering to, the rubric or rubrics.

Rubricity <Xpage=1257>

Ru*bric"i*ty (?) , n. Redness. [R.]

Rubstone <Xpage=1257>

Rub"stone` (?) , n. A stone for scouring or rubbing; a whetstone; a rub.

Rubus <Xpage=1257>

Ru"bus (?) , n. [L.] (Bot.) A genus of rosaceous plants, including the raspberry and blackberry.

Ruby <Xpage=1257>

Ru"by (?) , n. ; pl. Rubies (#) . [F. rubis (cf. Pr. robi ), LL. rubinus , robinus , fr. L. rubeus red, reddish, akin to ruber . See Rouge , red .] 1. (Min.) A precious stone of a carmine red color, sometimes verging to violet, or intermediate between carmine and hyacinth red. It is a red crystallized variety of corundum.

&hand; Besides the true or Oriental ruby above defined, there are the balas ruby , or ruby spinel , a red variety of spinel, and the rock ruby, a red variety of garnet. <-- artificially produced variants are used in jewelry and in lasers. -->

Of rubies , sapphires, and pearles white. Chaucer.

2. The color of a ruby; carmine red; a red tint.

The natural ruby of your cheeks. Shak.

3. That which has the color of the ruby, as red wine. Hence, a red blain or carbuncle.

4. (Print.) See Agate , n. , 2. [Eng.]

5. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of South American humming birds of the genus Clytol\'91ma . The males have a ruby-colored throat or breast.

Ruby of arsenic , Ruby of sulphur (Chem.) , a glassy substance of a red color and a variable composition, but always consisting chiefly of the disulphide of arsenic; -- called also ruby sulphur . -- Ruby of zinc (Min.) , zinc sulphide; the mineral zinc blende or sphalerite. -- Ruby silver (Min.) , red silver. See under Red .

Ruby <Xpage=1257>

Ru"by , a. Ruby-colored; red; as, ruby lips .

Ruby <Xpage=1257>

Ru"by , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Rubied (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Rubying .] To make red; to redden. [R.]

Pope.

Rubytail <Xpage=1257>

Ru"by*tail` (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) A European gold wasp ( Chrysis ignita ) which has the under side of the abdomen bright red, and the other parts deep bluish green with a metallic luster. The larva is parasitic in the nests of other wasps and of bees.

Ruby-tailed <Xpage=1257>

Ru"by-tailed` (?) , a. Having the tail, or lower part of the body, bright red.

Rubythroat <Xpage=1257>

Ru"by*throat` (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of humming birds belonging to Trochilus , Calypte , Stellula , and allies, in which the male has on the throat a brilliant patch of red feathers having metallic reflections; esp., the common humming bird of the Eastern United States ( Trochilus colubris ).

Rubywood <Xpage=1257>

Ru"by*wood` (?) , n. red sandalwood. See under Sandalwood .

Rucervine <Xpage=1257>

Ru*cer"vine (?) , a. [NL. Rucervus , the genus, fr. NL. Ru sa a certain genus of deer (Malay r<?/sa deer) + Cervus .] (Zo\'94l.) Of, like, or pertaining to, a deer of the genus Rucervus , which includes the swamp deer of India.

Ruche <Xpage=1257>

Ruche (?) , n. [F. ruche ruche, beehive, OF. rusche a beehive, which was formerly made of the bark of trees; cf. W. rhisg , rhisgl , bark, gael. rusg bark, rind.] 1. A plaited, quilled, or goffered strip of lace, net, ribbon, or other material, -- used in place of collars or cuffs, and as a trimming for women's dresses and bonnets. [Written also rouche .]

2. A pile of arched tiles, used to catch and retain oyster spawn.

Ruching <Xpage=1257>

Ruch"ing , n. A ruche, or ruches collectively.

Ruck <Xpage=1257>

Ruck (?) , n. A roc. [Obs. or prov. Eng.]

Drayton.

Ruck <Xpage=1257>

Ruck , v. t. & i. [ imp. & p. p. Rucked (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Rucking .] [Icel hrukkast to wrinkle, hrukka wrinkle, fold.] To draw into wrinkles or unsightly folds; to crease; as, to ruck up a carpet .

Smart.

Ruck <Xpage=1257>

Ruck , n. [Icel. hrukka . Cf. Ruck , v. t. ] A wrinkle or crease in a piece of cloth, or in needlework.

Ruck <Xpage=1257>

Ruck , v. i. [Cf. Dan. ruge to brood, to hatch.] To cower; to huddle together; to squat; to sit, as a hen on eggs. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

Gower. South.

The sheep that rouketh in the fold. Chaucer.

Ruck <Xpage=1257>

Ruck , n. [Cf. Ruck .] 1. A heap; a rick. [Prov Eng. & Scot.]

2. The common sort, whether persons or things; as, the ruck in a horse race . [Colloq.]

The ruck in society as a whole. Lond. Sat. Rev.

Ructation <Xpage=1257>

Ruc*ta"tion (?) , n. [L. ructatio , fr. ructare to belch: cf. F. ructation .] The act of belching wind.

Ruction <Xpage=1257>

Ruc"tion (?) , n. An uproar; a quarrel; a noisy outbreak. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

Rud <Xpage=1257>

Rud (?) , n. [AS. rudu , akin to re\'a0d red. &root;113. See Red , and cf. Ruddy .] 1. Redness; blush. [Obs.]

2. Ruddle; red ocher.

3. (Zo\'94l.) The rudd.

Rud <Xpage=1257>

Rud , v. t. To make red. [Obs.]

Spenser.

Rudd <Xpage=1257>

Rudd (?) , n. [See Rud , n. ] (Zo\'94l.) A fresh-water European fish of the Carp family ( Leuciscus erythrophthalmus ). It is about the size and shape of the roach, but it has the dorsal fin farther back, a stouter body, and red irises. Called also redeye , roud , finscale , and shallow . A blue variety is called azurine , or blue roach .

Rudder <Xpage=1257>

Rud"der (?) , n. A riddle or sieve. [Prov. Eng.]

<page="1258"> Page 1258

Rudder <Xpage=1258>

Rud"der (?) , n. [OE. rother , AS. r&omac;&edh;er a paddle; akin to D. roer rudder, oar, G. ruder , OHG. roadar , Sw. roder , ror , Dan. roer , ror . &root; 8. See Row to propel with an oar, and cf. Rother . ] 1. (Naut.) The mechanical appliance by means of which a vessel is guided or steered when in motion. It is a broad and flat blade made of wood or iron, with a long shank, and is fastened in an upright position, usually by one edge, to the sternpost of the vessel in such a way that it can be turned from side to side in the water by means of a tiller, wheel, or other attachment.

2. Fig.: That which resembles a rudder as a guide or governor; that which guides or governs the course.

For rhyme the rudder is of verses. Hudibras.

Balance rudder (Naut.) , a rudder pivoted near the middle instead of at the edge, -- common on sharpies. -- Drop rudder (Naut.) , a rudder extending below the keel so as to be more effective in steering. -- Rudder chain (Naut.) , one of the loose chains or ropes which fasten the rudder to the quarters to prevent its loss in case it gets unshipped, and for operating it in case the tiller or the wheel is broken. -- Rudder coat (Naut.) , a covering of tarred canvas used to prevent water from entering the rudderhole. -- Rudder fish . (Zo\'94l.) (a) The pilot fish . (b) The amber fish ( Seriola zonata ), which is bluish having six broad black bands . (c) A plain greenish black American fish ( Leirus perciformis ); -- called also black rudder fish , logfish , and barrel fish . The name is also applied to other fishes which follow vessels. -- Rudder pendants (Naut.) , ropes connected with the rudder chains.

Rudderhead <Xpage=1258>

Rud"der*head` (?) , n. (Naut.) The upper end of the rudderpost, to which the tiller is attashed.

Rudderhole <Xpage=1258>

Rud"der*hole (?) , n. (Naut.) The hole in the deck through which the rudderpost passes.

Rudderless <Xpage=1258>

Rud"der*less , a. Without a rudder.

Rudderpost <Xpage=1258>

Rud"der*post (?) , n. (Naut.) The shank of a rudder, having the blade at one end and the attachments for operating it at the other.

Rudderstock <Xpage=1258>

Rud"der*stock` (?) , n. (Naut.) The main part or blade of the rudder, which is connected by hinges, or the like, with the sternpost of a vessel.

Ruddied <Xpage=1258>

Rud"died (?) , a. Made ruddy or red.

Ruddily <Xpage=1258>

Rud"di*ly (?) , adv. In a ruddy manner.

Byron.

Ruddiness <Xpage=1258>

Rud"di*ness , n. The quality or state of being ruddy; as, the ruddiness of the cheeks or the sky .

Ruddle <Xpage=1258>

Rud"dle (?) , v. t. To raddle or twist. [Obs.]

Ruddle <Xpage=1258>

Rud"dle , n. A riddle or sieve. [Obs.]

Holland.

Ruddle <Xpage=1258>

Rud"dle , n. [See Rud ; cf. Reddle .] (Min.) A species of red earth colored by iron sesquioxide; red ocher.

Ruddle <Xpage=1258>

Rud"dle , v. t. To mark with ruddle; to raddle; to rouge. "Their ruddled cheeks."

Thackeray.

A fair sheep newly ruddled . Lady M. W. Montagu.

Ruddock <Xpage=1258>

Rud"dock (?) , n. [AS. ruddic ; cf. W. rhuddog the redbreast. &root;113. See Rud , n. ] [Written also raddock .] 1. (Zo\'94l.) The European robin. "The tame ruddock and the coward kite."

Chaucer.

2. A piece of gold money; -- probably because the gold of coins was often reddened by copper alloy. Called also red ruddock , and golden ruddock . [Obs.]

Great pieces of gold . . . red ruddocks . Florio.

Ruddy <Xpage=1258>

Rud"dy (?) , a. [ Compar. Ruddier (?) ; superl. Ruddiest .] [AS. rudig . See Rud , n. ] 1. Of a red color; red, or reddish; as, a ruddy sky; a ruddy flame .

Milton.

They were more ruddy in body than rubies. Lam. iv. 7.

2. Of a lively flesh color, or the color of the human skin in high health; as, ruddy cheeks or lips .

Dryden.

Ruddy duck (Zo\'94l.) , an American duck ( Erismatura rubida ) having a broad bill and a wedge-shaped tail composed of stiff, sharp feathers. The adult male is rich brownish red on the back, sides, and neck, black on the top of the head, nape, wings, and tail, and white on the cheeks. The female and young male are dull brown mixed with blackish on the back; grayish below. Called also dunbird , dundiver , ruddy diver , stifftail , spinetail , hardhead , sleepy duck , fool duck , spoonbill , etc. -- Ruddy plover (Zo\'94l.) the sanderling.

Ruddy <Xpage=1258>

Rud"dy , v. t. To make ruddy. [R.]

Sir W. Scott.

Rude <Xpage=1258>

Rude (?) , a. [ Compar. Ruder (?) ; superl. Rudest .] [F., fr. L. rudis .] 1. Characterized by roughness; umpolished; raw; lacking delicacy or refinement; coarse.

Such gardening tools as art, yet rude , . . . had formed. Milton.

2. Hence, specifically: (a) Unformed by taste or skill; not nicely finished; not smoothed or polished; -- said especially of material things; as, rude workmanship . " Rude was the cloth."

Chaucer.

Rude and unpolished stones. Bp. Stillingfleet.

The heaven-born child All meanly wrapt in the rude manger lies. Milton.

(b) Of untaught manners; unpolished; of low rank; uncivil; clownish; ignorant; raw; unskillful; -- said of persons, or of conduct, skill, and the like . "Mine ancestors were rude ." <-- impolite. -->

Chaucer.

He was but rude in the profession of arms. Sir H. Wotton.

the rude forefathers of the hamlet sleep. Gray.

(c) Violent; tumultuous; boisterous; inclement; harsh; severe; -- said of the weather, of storms, and the like; as, the rude winter .

[Clouds] pushed with winds, rude in their shock. Milton.

The rude agitation [of water] breaks it into foam. Boyle.

(d) Barbarous; fierce; bloody; impetuous; -- said of war, conflict, and the like; as, the rude shock of armies . (e) Not finished or complete; inelegant; lacking chasteness or elegance; not in good taste; unsatisfactory in mode of treatment; -- said of literature, language, style, and the like . "The rude Irish books."

Spenser.

Rude am I in my speech. Shak.

Unblemished by my rude translation. Dryden.

Syn. -- Impertinent; rough; uneven; shapeless; unfashioned; rugged; artless; unpolished; uncouth; inelegant; rustic; coarse; vulgar; clownish; raw; unskillful; untaught; illiterate; ignorant; uncivil; impolite; saucy; impudent; insolent; surly; currish; churlish; brutal; uncivilized; barbarous; savage; violent; fierce; tumultuous; turbulent; impetuous; boisterous; harsh; inclement; severe. See Impertiment .

-- Rude"ly (#) , adv. -- Rude"ness , n.

Rudenture <Xpage=1258>

Ru"den*ture (?; 135) , n. [F., fr. L. rudens a rope.] (Arch.) Cabling. See Cabling .

gwilt.

Ruderary <Xpage=1258>

Ru"de*ra*ry (?) , a. [L. ruderarius , fr. rudus , ruderis , stones crushed and mixed with lime, old rubbish.] Of or pertaining to rubbish.. [Obs.]

Bailey.

Rudesby <Xpage=1258>

Rudes"by (?) , n. [Etymol. uncertain.] An uncivil, turbulent fellow. [Obs.]

Shak.

R\'81desheimer <Xpage=1258>

R\'81"des*heim`er (?) , n. A German wine made near R\'81desheim , on the Rhine.

Rudiment <Xpage=1258>