Chapter 1382

Rostrulum </ <Xpage= Cabbage rose , China rose , etc. See under Cabbage , China , etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy , under Corn . -- Infantile rose (Med.) , a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose . (Bot.) See under Jamaica . -- Rose acacia (Bot.) , a low American leguminous shrub ( Robinia hispida ) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline . (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline . -- Rose apple (Bot.) , the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos . It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle . (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle ( Macrodactylus subspinosus ), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug , and rose chafer . (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug . (Zo\'94l.) same as Rose beetle , Rose chafer . -- Rose burner , a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.) , a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion . (Bot.) See under Campion . -- Rose catarrh (Med.) , rose cold. -- Rose chafer . (Zo\'94l.) (a) A common European beetle ( Cetonia aurata ) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle , and rose fly . (b) The rose beetle (a) . -- Rose cold (Med.) , a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever , under Hay . -- Rose color , the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. 1252 -- Rose de Pompadour , Rose du Barry , names succesively given to a delicate rose color used on S\'8avres porcelain. -- Rose diamond , a diamond, one side of which is flat, and the other cut into twenty-four triangular facets in two ranges which form a convex face pointed at the top. Cf. Brilliant , n. -- Rose ear . See under Ear . -- Rose elder (Bot.) , the Guelder-rose. -- Rose engine , a machine, or an appendage to a turning lathe, by which a surface or wood, metal, etc., is engraved with a variety of curved lines. Craig. -- Rose family (Bot.) the Rosece\'91 . See Rosaceous . -- Rose fever (Med.) , rose cold. -- Rose fly (Zo\'94l.) , a rose betle, or rose chafer. -- Rose gall (Zo\'94l.) , any gall found on rosebushes. See Bedeguar . -- Rose knot , a ribbon, or other pliade band plaited so as to resemble a rose; a rosette. -- Rose lake , Rose madder , a rich tint prepared from lac and madder precipitated on an earthy basis. Fairholt. -- Rose mallow . (Bot.) (a) A name of several malvaceous plants of the genus Hibiscus , with large rose-colored flowers. (b) the hollyhock . -- Rose nail , a nail with a convex, faceted head. -- Rose noble , an ancient English gold coin, stamped with the figure of a rose, first struck in the reign of Edward III., and current at 6s. 8d. Sir W. Scott. -- Rose of China . (Bot.) See China rose (b) , under China . -- Rose of Jericho (Bot.) , a Syrian cruciferous plant ( Anastatica Hierochuntica ) which rolls up when dry, and expands again when moistened; -- called also resurrection plant . -- Rose of Sharon (Bot.) , an ornamental malvaceous shrub ( Hibiscus Syriacus ). In the Bible the name is used for some flower not yet identified, perhaps a Narcissus, or possibly the great lotus flower. -- Rose oil (Chem.) , the yellow essential oil extracted from various species of rose blossoms, and forming the chief part of attar of roses. -- Rose pink , a pigment of a rose color, made by dyeing chalk or whiting with a decoction of Brazil wood and alum; also, the color of the pigment. -- Rose quartz (Min.) , a variety of quartz which is rose-red. -- Rose rash . (Med.) Same as Roseola . -- Rose slug (Zo\'94l.) , the small green larva of a black sawfly ( Selandria ros\'91 ) . These larv\'91 feed in groups on the parenchyma of the leaves of rosebushes, and are often abundant and very destructive. -- Rose window (Arch.) , a circular window filled with ornamental tracery. Called also Catherine wheel , and marigold window . Cf. wheel window , under Wheel . -- Summer rose (Med.) , a variety of roseola. See Roseola . -- Under the rose [a translation of L. sub rosa ] , in secret; privately; in a manner that forbids disclosure; -- the rose being among the ancients the symbol of secrecy, and hung up at entertainments as a token that nothing there said was to be divulged. -- Wars of the Roses (Eng. Hist.) , feuds between the Houses of York and Lancaster, the white rose being the badge of the House of York, and the red rose of the House of Lancaster. >

Ros"tru*lum <?/ , n. ; pl. Rostrula (#) . [NL., dim. of L. rostrum a beak.] A little rostrum, or beak, as of an insect.

<page="1253"> Page 1253

Rostrum <Xpage=1253>

Ros"trum (?) , n. ; pl. L. Rostra (#) , E. Rostrums (#) . [L., beak, ship's beak, fr. rodere , rosum , to gnaw. See Rodent .] 1. The beak or head of a ship.

2. pl. ( Rostra ) (Rom. Antiq.) The Beaks; the stage or platform in the forum where orations, pleadings, funeral harangues, etc., were delivered; -- so called because after the Latin war, it was adorned with the beaks of captured vessels; later, applied also to other platforms erected in Rome for the use of public orators.

3. Hence, a stage for public speaking; the pulpit or platform occupied by an orator or public speaker.

Myself will mount the rostrum in his favor. Addison.

4. (Zo\'94l.) (a) Any beaklike prolongation, esp. of the head of an animal, as the beak of birds. (b) The beak, or sucking mouth parts, of Hemiptera. (c) The snout of a gastropod mollusk. See Illust . of Littorina . (d) The anterior, often spinelike, prolongation of the carapace of a crustacean, as in the lobster and the prawn.

5. (Bot.) Same as Rostellum .

6. (Old Chem.) The pipe to convey the distilling liquor into its receiver in the common alembic.

Quincy.

7. (Surg.) A pair of forceps of various kinds, having a beaklike form. [Obs.]

Coxe.

Rosulate <Xpage=1253>

Ro"su*late (?) , a. [NL. rosulatus , fr. L. rosa a rose.] (Bot.) Arranged in little roselike clusters; -- said of leaves and bracts.

Rosy <Xpage=1253>

Ros"y (?) , a. [ Compar. Rosier (?) ; superl. Rosiest .] Resembling a rose in color, form, or qualities; blooming; red; blushing; also, adorned with roses.

A smile that glowed Celestial rosy -red, love's proper hue. Milton.

While blooming youth and gay delight Sit thy rosy cheeks confessed. Prior.

&hand; Rosy is sometimes used in the formation of self<?/xplaining compounde; as, rosy -bosomed, rosy -colored, rosy -crowned, rosy -fingered, rosy -tinted.

Rosy cross . See the Note under Rosicrucian , n.

Rot <Xpage=1253>

Rot (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Rotted ; p. pr. & vb. n. Rotting .] [OE. rotien , AS. rotian ; akin to D. rotten , Prov. G. rotten , OHG. rozz<?/n , G. r\'94sten to steep flax, Icel. rotna to rot, Sw. ruttna , Dan. raadne , Icel. rottin rotten. &root;117. Cf. Ret , Rotten .] 1. To undergo a process common to organic substances by which they lose the cohesion of their parts and pass through certain chemical changes, giving off usually in some stages of the process more or less offensive odors; to become decomposed by a natural process; to putrefy; to decay.

Fixed like a plant on his peculiar spot, To draw nutrition, propagate, and rot . Pope.

2. Figuratively: To perish slowly; to decay; to die; to become corrupt.

Four of the sufferers were left to rot in irons. Macaulay.

Rot , poor bachelor, in your club. Thackeray.

Syn. -- To putrefy; corrupt; decay; spoil.

Rot <Xpage=1253>

Rot , v. t. 1. To make putrid; to cause to be wholly or partially decomposed by natural processes; as, to rot vegetable fiber .

2. To expose, as flax, to a process of maceration, etc., for the purpose of separating the fiber; to ret.

Rot <Xpage=1253>

Rot , n. 1. Process of rotting; decay; putrefaction.

2. (Bot.) A disease or decay in fruits, leaves, or wood, supposed to be caused by minute fungi. See Bitter rot , Black rot , etc., below.

3. [Cf. G. rotz glanders.] A fatal distemper which attacks sheep and sometimes other animals. It is due to the presence of a parasitic worm in the liver or gall bladder. See 1st Fluke , 2.

His cattle must of rot and murrain die. Milton.

Bitter rot (Bot.) , a disease of apples, caused by the fungus Gl\'91osporium fructigenum . F. L. Scribner. -- Black rot (Bot.) , a disease of grapevines, attacking the leaves and fruit, caused by the fungus L\'91stadia Bidwellii . F. L. Scribner. -- Dry rot (Bot.) See under Dry . -- Grinder's rot (Med.) See under Grinder . -- Potato rot . (Bot.) See under Potato . -- White rot (Bot.) , a disease of grapes, first appearing in whitish pustules on the fruit, caused by the fungus Coniothyrium diplodiella . F. L. Scribner.

Rota <Xpage=1253>

Ro"ta (?) , n. [L. rota wheel. The name is said to allude to the design of the floor of the room in which the court used to sit, which was that of a wheel. See Rotary .] 1. An ecclesiastical court of Rome, called also Rota Romana , that takes cognizance of suits by appeal. It consists of twelve members.

2. (Eng. Hist.) A short-lived political club established in 1659 by J.Harrington to inculcate the democratic doctrine of election of the principal officers of the state by ballot, and the annual retirement of a portion of Parliament.

Rota <Xpage=1253>

Ro"ta (?) , n. (Mus.) A species of zither, played like a guitar, used in the Middle Ages in church music; -- written also rotta .

Rotacism <Xpage=1253>

Ro"ta*cism (?) , n. See Rhotacism .

Rotal <Xpage=1253>

Ro"tal (?) , a. Relating to wheels or to rotary motion; rotary. [R.]

Rotalite <Xpage=1253>

Ro"ta*lite (?) , n. [L. rota wheel + -lite .] (Paleon.) Any fossil foraminifer of the genus Rotalia , abundant in the chalk formation. See Illust . under Rhizopod .

Rotary <Xpage=1253>

Ro"ta*ry (?) , a. [L. rota a wheel. See Roll , v. , and cf. barouche , Rodomontade , Rou\'82 , Round , a. , Rowel .] Turning, as a wheel on its axis; pertaining to, or resembling, the motion of a wheel on its axis; rotatory; as, rotary motion .

Rotary engine , steam engine in which the continuous rotation of the shaft is produced by the direct action of the steam upon rotating devices which serve as pistons, instead of being derived from a reciprocating motion, as in the ordinary engine; a steam turbine; -- called also rotatory engine . -- Rotary pump , a pump in which the fluid is impelled by rotating devices which take the place of reciprocating buckets or pistons. -- Rotary shears , shears, as for cloth, metal, etc., in which revolving sharp-edged or sharp-cornered wheels do the cutting. -- Rotary valve , a valve acting by continuous or partial rotation, as in the four-way cock.

Rotascope <Xpage=1253>

Ro"ta*scope (?) , n. [L. rota a wheel + -scope .] Same as Gyroscope , 1.

Rotate <Xpage=1253>

Ro"tate (?) , a. [L. rotatus , p.p. of rotare to turn round like a wheel, fr. rota wheel. See Rotary , and cf. Roue .] Having the parts spreading out like a wheel; wheel-shaped; as, a rotate spicule or scale; a rotate corolla, i.e. , a monopetalous corolla with a flattish border, and no tube or a very short one.

Rotate <Xpage=1253>

Ro"tate (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Rotated (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Rotating .] 1. To turn, as a wheel, round an axis; to revolve.

2. To perform any act, function, or operation in turn, to hold office in turn; as, to rotate in office .

Rotate <Xpage=1253>

Ro"tate , v. i. 1. To cause to turn round or revolve, as a wheel around an axle.

2. To cause to succeed in turn; esp., to cause to succeed some one, or to be succeeded by some one, in office. [Colloq.] "Both, after a brief service, were rotated out of office."

Harper's Mag.

Rotated <Xpage=1253>

Ro"ta*ted (?) , a. Turned round, as a wheel; also, wheel-shaped; rotate.

Rotation <Xpage=1253>

Ro*ta"tion (?) , n. [L. rotatio : cf. F. rotation .] 1. The act of turning, as a wheel or a solid body on its axis, as distinguished from the progressive motion of a revolving round another body or a distant point; thus, the daily turning of the earth on its axis is a rotation ; its annual motion round the sun is a revolution .

2. Any return or succesion in a series.

Moment of rotation . See Moment of inertia , under Moment . -- Rotation in office , the practice of changing public officers at frequent intervals by discharges and substitutions. -- Rotation of crops , the practices of cultivating an orderly succession of different crops on the same land.

Rotation <Xpage=1253>

Ro*ta"tion (?) , a. Pertaining to, or resulting from, rotation; of the nature of, or characterized by, rotation; as, rotational velocity .

Rotative <Xpage=1253>

Ro"ta*tive (?) , a. [Cf. F. rotatif .] turning, as a wheel; rotary; rotational.

This high rotative velocity of the sun must cause an equatorial rise of the solar atmosphere. Siemens.

Rotative engine , a steam engine in which the reciprocating motion of the piston is transformed into a continuous rotary motion, as by means of a connecting rod, a working beam and crank, or an oscillating cylinder.

Rotator <Xpage=1253>

Ro*ta"tor (?) , n. [L.] 1. (Anat.) that which gives a rotary or rolling motion, as a muscle which partially rotates or turns some part on its axis.

2. (Metal.) A revolving reverberatory furnace.

Rotatoria <Xpage=1253>

Ro`ta*to"ri*a (?) , n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Rotifera .

Rotatory <Xpage=1253>

Ro"ta*to*ry (?) , a. [Cf. F. rotatoire . See Rotate , Rotary .] 1. Turning as on an axis; rotary.

2. Going in a circle; following in rotation or succession; as, rotatory assembles .

Burke.

3. (Opt.) Producing rotation of the plane of polarization; as, the rotatory power of bodies on light . See the Note under polarization .

Nichol.

Rotatory <Xpage=1253>

Ro"ta*to*ry , n. (Zo\'94l.) A rotifer. [R.]

Kirby.

Rotche <Xpage=1253>

Rotche (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) A very small arctic sea bird ( Mergulus alle , or Alle alle ) common on both coasts of the Atlantic in winter; -- called also little auk , dovekie , rotch , rotchie , and sea dove .

Rotchet <Xpage=1253>

Rotch"et (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) The European red gurnard ( Trigla pini ).

Rote <Xpage=1253>

Rote (?) , n. A root. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Rote <Xpage=1253>

Rote (?) , n. [OE. rote , probably of German origin; cf. MHG. rotte , OHG. rota , hrota , LL. chrotta . Cf. Crowd a kind of violin.] (Mus.) A kind of guitar, the notes of which were produced by a small wheel or wheel-like arrangement; an instrument similar to the hurdy-gurdy.

Well could he sing and play on a rote . Chaucer.

extracting mistuned dirges from their harps, crowds, and rotes . Sir W. Scott.

Rote <Xpage=1253>

Rote , n. [Cf. Rut roaring.] The noise produced by the surf of the sea dashing upon the shore. See Rut .

Rote <Xpage=1253>

Rote , n. [OF. rote , F. route , road, path. See Route , and cf. Rut a furrow, Routine .] A frequent repetition of forms of speech without attention to the meaning; mere repetition; as, to learn rules by rote .

Swift.

till he the first verse could [ i. e. , knew] all by rote . Chaucer.

Thy love did read by rote , and could not spell. Shak.

Rote <Xpage=1253>

Rote , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Roted ; p. pr. & vb. n. Roting .] To learn or repeat by rote. [Obs.]

Shak .

Rote <Xpage=1253>

Rote , v. i. To go out by rotation or succession; to rotate . [Obs.] <-- = rotate out? -->

Z. Grey.

Rotella <Xpage=1253>

Ro*tel"la (?) , n. [NL., dim. of rota wheel; cf. LL. rotella a little whell.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of small, polished, brightcolored gastropods of the genus Rotella , native of tropical seas.

Rotgut <Xpage=1253>

Rot"gut (?) , n. 1. Bad small beer. [Slang]

2. Any bad spirituous liquor, especially when adulterated so as to be very deleterious. [Slang]

Rother <Xpage=1253>

Roth"er (?) , a. [AS. hry&edh;er ; cf. D. rund .] (Zo\'94l.) Bovine. -- n. A bovine beast. [Obs.]

Shak.

Rother beasts , cattle of the bovine genus; black cattle. [Obs.] Golding. -- Rother soil , the dung of rother beasts.

Rother <Xpage=1253>

Roth"er , n. [OE. See Rudder .] A rudder.

Rother nail , a nail with a very full head, used for fastening the rudder irons of ships; -- so called by shipwrights.

Rotifer <Xpage=1253>

Ro"ti*fer (?; 277) , n. [NL. see Rotifera .] (Zo\'94l.) One of the Rotifera. See Illust . in Appendix.

Rotifera <Xpage=1253>