Chapter 1269

Re"al*ty (?) , n. [OF. r\'82alt\'82 , LL. regalitas , fr. L. regalis . See Regal .] 1. Royalty. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

2. Loyalty; faithfulness. [R.]

Milton.

Realty <Xpage=1195>

Re"al*ty , n. [Contr. from 1st Reality .] 1. Realty. [Obs.]

Dr. H. More.

2. (Law) (a) Immobility, or the fixed, permanent nature of real property; as, chattels which savor of the realty ; -- so written in legal language for reality . (b) Real estate; a piece of real property.

Blackstone.

Ream <Xpage=1195>

Ream (?) , n. [AS. re\'a0m , akin to G. rahm .] Cream; also, the cream or froth on ale. [Scot.]

Ream <Xpage=1195>

Ream , v. i. To cream; to mantle. [Scot.]

A huge pewter measuring pot which, in the language of the hostess, reamed with excellent claret. Sir W. Scott.

Ream <Xpage=1195>

Ream , v. t. [Cf. Reim .] To stretch out; to draw out into thongs, threads, or filaments.

Ream <Xpage=1195>

Ream , n. [OE. reme , OF. rayme , F. rame (cf. Sp. resma ), fr. Ar. rizma a bundle, especially of paper.] A bundle, package, or quantity of paper, usually consisting of twenty quires or 480 sheets. <-- now 500 -->

Printer's ream , twenty-one and a half quires. [Eng.] A common practice is now to count five hundred sheets to the ream .

Knight.

Ream <Xpage=1195>

Ream , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Reamed (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Reaming .] [Cf. G. r\'84umen to remove, to clear away, fr. raum room. See Room .] To bevel out, as the mouth of a hole in wood or metal; in modern usage, to enlarge or dress out, as a hole, with a reamer.

Reame <Xpage=1195>

Reame (?) , n. Realm. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Reamer <Xpage=1195>

Ream"er , n. One who, or that which, reams; specifically, an instrument with cutting or scraping edges, used, with a twisting motion, for enlarging a round hole, as a bore of a cannon, etc.

Reamputation <Xpage=1195>

Re*am`pu*ta"tion (?) , n. (Surg.) The second of two amputations performed upon the same member.

Reanimate <Xpage=1195>

Re*an"i*mate (?) , v. t. To animate anew; to restore to animation or life; to infuse new life, vigor, spirit, or courage into; to revive; to reinvigorate; as, to reanimate a drowned person; to reanimate disheartened troops; to reanimate languid spirits.

Glanvill.

Reanimation <Xpage=1195>

Re*an"i*ma"tion (?) , n. The act or operation of reanimating, or the state of being reanimated; reinvigoration; revival.

Reannex <Xpage=1195>

Re`an*nex" (?) , v. t. To annex again or anew; to reunite. "To reannex that duchy."

Bacon.

Reannexation <Xpage=1195>

Re*an`nex*a"tion (?) , n. Act of reannexing.

Reanswer <Xpage=1195>

Re*an"swer (?) , v. t. & i. To answer in return; to repay; to compensate; to make amends for.

Which in weight to reanswer , his pettiness would bow under. Shak.

Reap <Xpage=1195>

Reap (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Raped (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Reaping .] [OE. repen , AS. r\'c6pan to seize, reap; cf. D. rapen to glean, reap, G. raufen to pluck, Goth. raupjan , or E. ripe .] 1. To cut with a sickle, scythe, or reaping machine, as grain; to gather, as a harvest, by cutting.

When ye reap the harvest of your land, thou shalt not wholly reap the corners of thy field. Lev.<?/<?/<?/. 9.

2. To gather; to obtain; to receive as a reward or harvest, or as the fruit of labor or of works; -- in a good or a bad sense; as, to reap a benefit from exertions .

Why do I humble thus myself, and, suing For peace, reap nothing but repulse and hate? Milton.

3. To clear or a crop by reaping; as, to reap a field .

4. To deprive of the beard; to shave. [R.]

Shak.

Reaping hook , an instrument having a hook-shaped blade, used in reaping; a sickle; -- in a specific sense, distinguished from a sickle by a blade keen instead of serrated.

Reap <Xpage=1195>

Reap , v. i. To perform the act or operation of reaping; to gather a harvest.

They that sow in tears shall reap in joy. Ps. cxxvi. 5.

Reap <Xpage=1195>

Reap , n. [Cf. AS. r\'c6p harvest. See Reap , v. ] A bundle of grain; a handful of grain laid down by the reaper as it is cut. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

Wright.

Reaper <Xpage=1195>

Reap"er , n. 1. One who reaps.

The sun-burned reapers wiping their foreheads. Macaulay.

2. A reaping machine.

Reapparel <Xpage=1195>

Re`ap*par"el (?) , v. t. To clothe again.

Reappear <Xpage=1195>

Re`ap*pear (?) , v. i. To appear again.

Reappearance <Xpage=1195>

Re`ap*pear"ance (?) , v. i. A second or new appearance; the act or state of appearing again.

Reapplication <Xpage=1195>

Re*ap`pli*ca"tion (?) , n. The act of reapplying, or the state of being reapplied.

Reapply <Xpage=1195>

Re`ap*ply" (?) , v. t. & i. To apply again.

Reappoint <Xpage=1195>

Re`ap*point" (?) , v. t. To appoint again.

Reappointment <Xpage=1195>

Re`ap*point"ment (?) , n. The act of reappointing, or the state of being reappointed.

Reapportion <Xpage=1195>

Re`ap*por"tion (?) , v. t. To apportion again.

Reapportionment <Xpage=1195>

Re`ap*por"tion*ment (?) , n. A second or a new apportionment.

Reapproach <Xpage=1195>

Re`ap*proach" (?) , v. i. & t. To approach again or anew.

Rear <Xpage=1195>

Rear (?) , adv. Early; soon. [Prov. Eng.]

Then why does Cuddy leave his cot so rear ! Gay.

Rear <Xpage=1195>

Rear , n. [OF. riere behind, backward, fr. L. retro . Cf. Arrear .] 1. The back or hindmost part; that which is behind, or last on order; -- opposed to front .

Nipped with the lagging rear of winter's frost. Milton.

2. Specifically, the part of an army or fleet which comes last, or is stationed behind the rest.

When the fierce foe hung on our broken rear . Milton.

Rear <Xpage=1195>

Rear , a. Being behind, or in the hindmost part; hindmost; as, the rear rank of a company .

Rear admiral , an officer in the navy, next in rank below a vice admiral, and above a commodore. See Admiral . -- Rear front (Mil.) , the rear rank of a body of troops when faced about and standing in that position. -- Rear guard (Mil.) , the division of an army that marches in the rear of the main body to protect it; -- used also figuratively. -- Rear line (Mil.) , the line in the rear of an army. -- Rear rank (Mil.) , the rank or line of a body of troops which is in the rear, or last in order. -- Rear sight (Firearms) , the sight nearest the breech. -- To bring up the rear , to come last or behind.

Rear <Xpage=1195>

Rear (?) , v. t. To place in the rear; to secure the rear of. [R.]

Rear <Xpage=1195>

Rear , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Reared (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Rearing .] [AS. r&aemac;ran to raise, rear, elevate, for r&aemac;san , causative of r\'c6san to rise. See Rise , and cf. Raise .] 1. To raise; to lift up; to cause to rise, become erect, etc.; to elevate; as, to rear a monolith .

In adoration at his feet I fell Submiss; he reared me. Milton.

It reareth our hearts from vain thoughts. Barrow.

Mine [shall be] the first hand to rear her banner. Ld. Lytton.

2. To erect by building; to set up; to construct; as, to rear defenses or houses; to rear one government on the ruins of another.

One reared a font of stone. Tennyson.

3. To lift and take up. [Obs. or R.]

And having her from Trompart lightly reared , Upon his set the lovely load. Spenser.

4. To bring up to maturity, as young; to educate; to instruct; to foster; as, to rear offspring .

He wants a father to protect his youth, And rear him up to virtue. Southern.

5. To breed and raise; as, to rear cattle .

6. To rouse; to strip up. [Obs.]

And seeks the tusky boar to rear . Dryden.

Syn. -- To lift; elevate; erect; raise, build; establish. See the Note under Raise , 3 (c) .

Rear <Xpage=1195>

Rear , v. i. To rise up on the hind legs, as a horse; to become erect.

Rearing bit , a bit designed to prevent a horse from lifting his head when rearing. Knight.

Reardorse, Reardoss <Xpage=1195>

Rear"dorse (?) , Rear"doss (?) , n. A reredos.

Rearer <Xpage=1195>

Rear"er (?) , n. One he, or that which, rears.

Reargue <Xpage=1195>

Re*ar"gue (?) , v. t. To argue anew or again.

Reargument <Xpage=1195>

Re*ar"gu*ment (?) , n. An arguing over again, as of a motion made in court.

Rear-horse <Xpage=1195>

Rear"-horse` (?) , n. [So called because it rears up when disturbed.] (Zo\'94l.) A mantis.

Rearly <Xpage=1195>

Rear"ly , adv. Early. [Obs.]

Beau. & Ft.

Rearmost <Xpage=1195>

Rear"most` (?) , a. Farthest in the rear; last.

Rearmouse, Reremouse <Xpage=1195>

Rear"mouse` , Rere"mouse` (?) , n. [AS. hr&emac;rem&umac;s ; probably fr. hr&emac;ran to agitate, stir (akin to G. r\'81hren , Icel. hr\'91ra ) + m&umac;s mouse.] (Zo\'94l.) The leather-winged bat ( Vespertilio murinus ). [Written also reermouse .]

Rearrange <Xpage=1195>

Re`ar*range" (?) , v. t. To arrange again; to arrange in a different way.

Rearrangement <Xpage=1195>

Re`ar*range"ment (?) , n. The act of rearranging, or the state of being rearranged.

Rearward <Xpage=1195>

Rear"ward` , n. [ Rear + ward .] The last troop; the rear of an army; a rear guard. Also used figuratively.

Shak.

Rearward <Xpage=1195>

Rear"ward (?) , a. & adv. At or toward the rear.

Reascend <Xpage=1195>

Re`as*cend" (?) , v. i. To rise, mount, or climb again.

Reascend <Xpage=1195>

Re`as*cend" , v. t. To ascend or mount again; to reach by ascending again.

He mounts aloft, and reascends the skies. Addison.

Reascension <Xpage=1195>

Re`as*cen"sion (?) , n. The act of reascending; a remounting.

Reascent <Xpage=1195>

Re`as*cent" (?) , n. A returning ascent or ascension; acclivity.

Cowper.

Reason <Xpage=1195>

Rea"son (?) , n. [OE. resoun , F. raison , fr. L. ratio (akin to Goth. rapj<?/ number, account, ga rapjan to count, G. rede speech, reden to speak), fr. reri , ratus , to reckon, believe, think. Cf. Arraign , Rate , Ratio , Ration .] 1. A thought or a consideration offered in support of a determination or an opinion; a just ground for a conclusion or an action; that which is offered or accepted as an explanation; the efficient cause of an occurrence or a phenomenon; a motive for an action or a determination; proof, more or less decisive, for an opinion or a conclusion; principle; efficient cause; final cause; ground of argument.

I'll give him reasons for it. Shak.

The reason of the motion of the balance in a wheel watch is by the motion of the next wheel. Sir M. Hale.

This reason did the ancient fathers render, why the church was called "catholic." Bp. Pearson.

Virtue and vice are not arbitrary things; but there is a natural and eternal reason for that goodness and virtue, and against vice and wickedness. Tillotson.

2. The faculty of capacity of the human mind by which it is distinguished from the intelligence of the inferior animals; the higher as distinguished from the lower cognitive faculties, sense, imagination, and memory, and in contrast to the feelings and desires. Reason comprises conception, judgment, reasoning, and the intuitional faculty. Specifically, it is the intuitional faculty, or the faculty of first truths, as distinguished from the understanding, which is called the discursive or ratiocinative faculty.

We have no other faculties of perceiving or knowing anything divine or human, but by our five senses and our reason . P. Browne.

In common and popular discourse, reason denotes that power by which we distinguish truth from falsehood, and right from wrong, and by which we are enabled to combine means for the attainment of particular ends. Stewart.

Reason is used sometimes to express the whole of those powers which elevate man above the brutes, and constitute his rational nature, more especially, perhaps, his intellectual powers; sometimes to express the power of deduction or argumentation. Stewart.

By the pure reason I mean the power by which we become possessed of principles. Coleridge.

The sense perceives; the understanding, in its own peculiar operation, conceives; the reason , or rationalized understanding, comprehends. Coleridge.

<page="1196"> Page 1196

3. Due exercise of the reasoning faculty; accordance with, or that which is accordant with and ratified by, the mind rightly exercised; right intellectual judgment; clear and fair deductions from true principles; that which is dictated or supported by the common sense of mankind; right conduct; right; propriety; justice.

I was promised, on a time, To have reason for my rhyme. Spenser.

But law in a free nation hath been ever public reason ; the enacted reason of a parliament, which he denying to enact, denies to govern us by that which ought to be our law; interposing his own private reason , which to us is no law. Milton.

The most probable way of bringing France to reason would be by the making an attempt on the Spanish West Indies. Addison.

4. (Math.) Ratio; proportion. [Obs.]

Barrow.

By reason of , by means of; on account of; because of. "Spain is thin sown of people, partly by reason of the sterility of the soil." Bacon . In reason , In all reason , in justice; with rational ground; in a right view.

When anything is proved by as good arguments as a thing of that kind is capable of, we ought not, in reason , to doubt of its existence. Tillotson.

-- It is reason , it is reasonable; it is right. [Obs.]

Yet it were great reason , that those that have children should have greatest care of future times. Bacon.

Syn. -- Motive; argument; ground; consideration; principle; sake; account; object; purpose; design. See Motive , Sense .

Reason <Xpage=1196>

Rea"son (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Reasoned (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Reasoning .] [Cf. F. raisonner . See Reason , n. ] 1. To exercise the rational faculty; to deduce inferences from premises; to perform the process of deduction or of induction; to ratiocinate; to reach conclusions by a systematic comparison of facts.

2. Hence: To carry on a process of deduction or of induction, in order to convince or to confute; to formulate and set forth propositions and the inferences from them; to argue.

Stand still, that I may reason with you, before the Lord, of all the righteous acts of the Lord. 1 Sam. xii. 7.

3. To converse; to compare opinions.

Shak.

Reason <Xpage=1196>

Rea"son , v. t. 1. To arrange and present the reasons for or against; to examine or discuss by arguments; to debate or discuss; as, I reasoned the matter with my friend .

When they are clearly discovered, well digested, and well reasoned in every part, there is beauty in such a theory. T. Burnet.

2. To support with reasons, as a request. [R.]

Shak.

3. To persuade by reasoning or argument; as, to reason one into a belief; to reason one out of his plan.

Men that will not be reasoned into their senses. L'Estrange.

4. To overcome or conquer by adducing reasons; -- with down ; as, to reason down a passion .

5. To find by logical process; to explain or justify by reason or argument; -- usually with out ; as, to reason out the causes of the librations of the moon .

Reasonable <Xpage=1196>

Rea"son*a*ble (?) , a. [OE. resonable , F. raisonnable , fr. L. rationabilis . See Reason , n. ] 1. Having the faculty of reason; endued with reason; rational; as, a reasonable being .

2. Governed by reason; being under influence of reason; thinking, speaking or acting rationally, or according to the dictates of reason; agreeable to reason; just; rational; as, the measure must satisfy all reasonable men .

By indubitable certainty, I mean that which doth not admit of any reasonable cause of doubting. Bp. Wilkins.

Men have no right to what is not reasonable . Burke.

3. Not excessive or immoderate; within due limits; proper; as, a reasonable demand, amount, price .

Let . . . all things be thought upon That may, with reasonable swiftness, add More feathers to you wings. Shak.

Syn. -- Rational; just; honest; equitable; fair; suitable; moderate; tolerable. See Rational .

Reasonable <Xpage=1196>

Rea"son*a*ble , adv. Reasonable; tolerably. [Obs.]

I have a reasonable good ear in music. Shak.

Reasonableness <Xpage=1196>

Rea"son*a*ble*ness , n. Quality of being reasonable.

Reasonably <Xpage=1196>

Rea"son*a*bly , adv. 1. In a reasonable manner.

2. Moderately; tolerably. " Reasonably perfect in the language."

Holder.

Reasoner <Xpage=1196>

Rea"son*er (?) , n. One who reasons or argues; as, a fair reasoner ; a close reasoner ; a logical reasoner .

Reasoning <Xpage=1196>

Rea"son*ing , n. 1. The act or process of adducing a reason or reasons; manner of presenting one's reasons.

2. That which is offered in argument; proofs or reasons when arranged and developed; course of argument.

His reasoning was sufficiently profound. Macaulay.