Chapter 1242

Py*lo"rus (?) , n. ; pl. Pylori (#) . [L., fr. Gr. <?/ pylorus, gate keeper; <?/ a gate + <?/ watcher, guardian.] (Anat.) (a) The opening from the stomach into the intestine. (b) A posterior division of the stomach in some invertebrates.

Pyne <Xpage=1168>

Pyne (?) , n. & v. See Pine . [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Pynoun <Xpage=1168>

Py*noun" (?) , n. A pennant. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Pyocyanin <Xpage=1168>

Py`o*cy"a*nin (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ pus + <?/ dark blue.] (Physiol. (Chem.) A blue coloring matter found in the pus from old sores, supposed to be formed through the agency of a species of bacterium ( Bacillus pyocyaneus ). <-- now, Pseudomonas aeruginosa C13H10N2O -->

Pyogenic <Xpage=1168>

Py`o*gen"ic (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ pus + root of <?/ to be born.] (Med.) Producing or generating pus.

Pyoid <Xpage=1168>

Py"oid (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ pus + - -oid .] (Med.) Of or pertaining to pus; of the nature of, or like, pus.

Pyoid corpuscles (Med.) , cells of a size larger than pus corpuscles, containing two or more of the latter.

Pyopneumothorax <Xpage=1168>

Py`op*neu`mo*tho"rax (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ pus + E. pneumothorax .] (Med.) Accumulation of air, or other gas, and of pus, in the pleural cavity.

Pyot <Xpage=1168>

Py"ot (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) The magpie. See Piet .

Pyoxanthose <Xpage=1168>

Py`o*xan"those (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ pus + <?/ yellow.] (Physiol. (Chem.) A greenish yellow crystalline coloring matter found with pyocyanin in pus.

Pyracanth <Xpage=1168>

Pyr"a*canth (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ fire + <?/ a thorn, prickly plant.] (Bot.) The evergreen thorn ( Crat\'91gus Pyracantha ), a shrub native of Europe.

Pyral <Xpage=1168>

Py"ral (?) , a. Of or pertaining to a pyre. [R.]

Pyralid <Xpage=1168>

Pyr"a*lid (?) , n. [L. pyralis , -idis , a kind of winged insect.] (Zo\'94l.) Any moth of the family Pyralid\'91 . The species are numerous and mostly small, but some of them are very injurious, as the bee moth, meal moth, hop moth, and clover moth.

Pyramid <Xpage=1168>

Pyr"a*mid (?) , n. [L. pyramis , -idis , fr. Gr. <?/, <?/, of Egyptian origin: cf. F. pyramide .]

1. A solid body standing on a triangular, square, or polygonal base, and terminating in a point at the top; especially, a structure or edifice of this shape.

2. (Geom.) A solid figure contained by a plane rectilineal figure as base and several triangles which have a common vertex and whose bases are sides of the base.

3. pl. (Billiards) The game of pool in which the balls are placed in the form of a triangle at spot. [Eng.]

<-- financial scheme -->

Altitude of a pyramid (Geom.) , the perpendicular distance from the vertex to the plane of the base. -- Axis of a pyramid (Geom.) , a straight line drawn from the vertex to the center of the base. -- Earth pyramid . (Geol.) See Earth pillars , under Earth . -- Right pyramid (Geom.) a pyramid whose axis is perpendicular to the base.

Pyramidal <Xpage=1168>

Py*ram`i*dal (?) , a. [Cf. F. pyramidal .]

1. Of or pertaining to a pyramid; in the form of a a pyramid; pyramidical; as, pyramidal cleavage .

The mystic obelisks stand up Triangular, pyramidal . Mrs. Browning.

<page="1169"> Page 1169

2. (Crystallog.) Same as Tetragonal .

Pyramidal numbers (Math.) , certain series of figurate numbers expressing the number of balls or points that may be arranged in the form of pyramids. Thus 1, 4, 10, 20, 35, etc., are trangular pyramidal numbers ; and 1, 5, 14, 30, 55, etc., are square pyramidal numbers .

Pyramidal <Xpage=1169>

Py*ram"i*dal (?) , n. (Anat.) One of the carpal bones. See Cuneiform , n. , 2 (b) .

Pyramidally <Xpage=1169>

Py*ram"i*dal*ly , adv. Like a pyramid.

Pyramidic, Pyramidical <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`a*mid"ic (?) , Pyr`a*mid"ic*al (?) , a. Of or pertaining to a pyramid; having the form of a pyramid; pyramidal. " A pyramidical rock." Goldsmith . "Gold in pyramidic plenty piled." Shenstone . -- Pyr`a*mid"ic*al*ly , adv. Pyr`a*mild"ic*al*ness , n.

Pyramidion <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`a*mid"i*on (?) , n. ; pl. Pyramidia (#) . [NL., from L. pyramis . See Pyramid .] The small pyramid which crowns or completes an obelisk.

Pyramidoid <Xpage=1169>

Py*ram"i*doid (?) , n. [Gr. <?/, <?/, pyramid + -id : cf. F. pyramido\'8bde .] A solid resembling a pyramid; -- called also pyramoid .

Barlow.

Pyramis <Xpage=1169>

Pyr"a*mis (?) , n. ; pl. Pyramides (#) . [L.] A pyramid.

Pyramoid <Xpage=1169>

Pyr"a*moid (?) , n. See Pyramidoid .

Pyrargyrite <Xpage=1169>

Py*rar"gy*rite (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ fire + <?/ silver.] (Min.) Ruby silver; dark red silver ore. It is a sulphide of antimony and silver, occurring in rhombohedral crystals or massive, and is of a dark red or black color with a metallic adamantine luster.

Pyre <Xpage=1169>

Pyre (?) , n. [L. pure , Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ fire. See Fire .] A funeral pile; a combustible heap on which the dead are burned; hence, any pile to be burnt.

For nine long nights, through all the dusky air, The pyres thick flaming shot a dismal glare. Pope.

Pyrena <Xpage=1169>

Py*re"na (?) , n. ; pl. Pyren\'91 (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/, the stone of fruit.] (Bot.) A nutlet resembling a seed, or the kernel of a drupe.

Gray.

Pyrene <Xpage=1169>

Py"rene (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ fire.] (Chem.) One of the less volatile hydrocarbons of coal tar, obtained as a white crystalline substance, C16H10 .

Pyrene <Xpage=1169>

Py"rene , n. (Bot.) Same as Pyrena .

Pyrenean <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`e*ne"an (?) , a. [L. Pyrenaei (sc. monte s) the Pyrenees, fr. Pyrene , Gr.<?/ a daughter of Bebryx, beloved by Hercules, and buried upon these mountains.] Of or pertaining to the Pyrenees, a range of mountains separating France and Spain. -- n. The Pyrenees.

Shak.

Pyrenoid <Xpage=1169>

Py*re"noid (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ like a kernel. See Pyrena , and -oid .] (Zo\'94l.) A transparent body found in the chromatophores of certain Infusoria.

Pyrethrin <Xpage=1169>

Pyr"eth*rin (?) , n. [NL. Pyrethrum , generic name of feverfew, Gr. <?/ feverfew.] (Chem.) A substance resembling, and isomeric with, ordinary camphor, and extracted from the essential oil of feverfew; -- called also Pyrethrum camphor . <-- a complex of several substances. Used as insecticides. -->

Pyrethrine <Xpage=1169>

Pyr"eth*rine (?) , n. (Chem.) An alkaloid extracted from the root of the pellitory of Spain ( Anacyclus pyrethrum ).

Pyretic <Xpage=1169>

Py*ret"ic (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ burning heat, fever, from <?/ fire: cf. F. pyr\'82tique .] (Med.) Of or pertaining to fever; febrile.

Pyretology <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`e*tol"o*gy (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ fever + -logy : cf. F. pyr\'82tologie .] (Med.) A discourse or treatise on fevers; the doctrine of fevers.

Hooper.

Pyrexia <Xpage=1169>

Py*rex"i*a (?) , n. ; pl. Pyrexi\'91 (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ to be feverish, akin to <?/ fever.] (Med.) The febrile condition.

Pyrexial, Pyrexical <Xpage=1169>

Py*rex"i*al (?) , Py*rex"ic*al (?) , a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to fever; feverish.

Pyrgom <Xpage=1169>

Pyr"gom (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ a place furnished with towers, fr. <?/ a tower.] (Min.) A variety of pyroxene; -- called also fassaite .

Pyrheliometer <Xpage=1169>

Pyr*he`li*om"e*ter (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ fire + <?/ sun + -meter .] (Physics) An instrument for measuring the direct heating effect of the sun's rays.

Pyridic <Xpage=1169>

Py*rid"ic (?) , a. (Physiol. Chem.) Related to, or formed from, pyridin or its homologues; as, the pyridic bases .

Pyridine <Xpage=1169>

Pyr"i*dine (?) , n. [From Gr. <?/ fire.] (Physiol. Chem.) A nitrogenous base, C5H5N , obtained from the distillation of bone oil or coal tar, and by the decomposition of certain alkaloids, as a colorless liquid with a peculiar pungent odor. It is the nucleus of a large number of organic substances, among which several vegetable alkaloids, as nicotine and certain of the ptoma\'8bnes, may be mentioned. See Lutidine .

Pyridyl <Xpage=1169>

Pyr"i*dyl (?) , n. [ Pyrid ine + -yl .] (Chem.) A hypothetical radical, C5H4N , regarded as the essential residue of pyridine, and analogous to phenyl.

Pyriform <Xpage=1169>

Pyr"i*form (?) , a. [L. pyrum , pirum , a pear + -form : cf. F. pyriforme , piriforme .] Having the form of a pear; pear-shaped.

Pyritaceous <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`i*ta"ceous (?) , a. (Min.) Of or pertaining to pyrites. See Pyritic .

Pyrite <Xpage=1169>

Pyr"ite (?) , n. ; pl. Pyrites (#) . [Cf. F. pyrite . See Pyrites .] (Min.) A common mineral of a pale brass-yellow color and brilliant metallic luster, crystallizing in the isometric system; iron pyrites; iron disulphide.

Hence sable coal his massy couch extends, And stars of gold the sparkling pyrite blends. E. Darwin.

Pyrites <Xpage=1169>

Py*ri"tes (?) , n. [L., fr. Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ fire. See Pyre .] (Min.) A name given to a number of metallic minerals, sulphides of iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, and tin, of a white or yellowish color.

&hand; The term was originally applied to the mineral pyrite, or iron pyrites, in allusion to its giving sparks when struck with steel.

Arsenical pyrites , arsenopyrite. -- Auriferous pyrites . See under Auriferous . -- Capillary pyrites , millerite. -- Common pyrites , isometric iron disulphide; pyrite. -- Hair pyrites , millerite. -- Iron pyrites . See Pyrite . -- Magnetic pyrites , pyrrhotite. -- Tin pyrites , stannite. -- White iron pyrites , orthorhombic iron disulphide; marcasite. This includes cockscomb pyrites (a variety of marcasite, named in allusion to its form), spear pyrites, etc. -- Yellow , &or; Copper , pyrites , the sulphide of copper and iron; chalcopyrite.

Pyritic, Pyritical <Xpage=1169>

Py*rit"ic (?) , Py*rit"ic*al (?) , a. (Min.) Of or pertaining to pyrites; consisting of, or resembling, pyrites.

Pyritiferous <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`i*tif"er*ous (?) , a. [ Pyrites + -ferous .] (Min.) Containing or producing pyrites.

Pyritize <Xpage=1169>

Pyr"i*tize (?) , v. t. [Cf. F. pyritiser .] To convert into pyrites.

Pyritohedral <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`i*to*he"dral (?) , a. [See Pyritohedron .] (Crystallog.) Like pyrites in hemihedral form.

Pyritohedron <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`i*to*he"dron (?) , n. [ Pyrite + Gr. <?/ base.] (Crystallog.) The pentagonal dodecahedron, a common form of pyrite.

Pyritoid <Xpage=1169>

Pyr"i*toid (?) , n. [ Pyrite + -oid .] (Crystallog.) Pyritohedron. [R.]

Pyritology <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`i*tol"o*gy (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ of fire + -logy .] The science of blowpipe analysis.

Pyritous <Xpage=1169>

Pyr"i*tous (?) , a. Pyritic.

Pyro-, Pyr- <Xpage=1169>

Pyro- , Pyr- . [Gr. <?/, <?/, fire.] Combining forms designating fire or heat ; specifically (Chem.) , used to imply an actual or theoretical derivative by the action of heat ; as in pyro phosphoric, pyro sulphuric, pyro tartaric, pyro tungstic, etc.

Pyro <Xpage=1169>

Py"ro (?) , n. (Photog.) Abbreviation of pyrogallic acid . [Colloq.]

Pyroacetic <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`o*a*ce"tic (?) , a. [ Pyro- + acetic : cf. F. pyroac\'82tique .] (Chem.) Pertaining to, and designating, a substance (acetone) obtained by the distillation of the acetates. It is now called also pyroacetic ether , and formerly was called pyroacetic spirit .

Pyroacid <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`o*ac"id (?) , n. [ Pyro- + acid .] (Chem.) An acid obtained by sybjecting another acid to the action of heat. Cf. Pyro- .

Pyroantimonate <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`o*an`ti*mo"nate (?) , n. (Chem.) A salt of pyroantimonic acid.

Pyroantimonic <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`o*an`ti*mon"ic (?) , a. [ Pyro- + antimonic .] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid of antimony analogous to pyrophosphoric acid.

Pyroarsenate <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`o*ar"se*nate (?) , n. (Chem.) A salt of pyroarsenic acid.

Pyroarsenic <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`o*ar*sen"ic (?) , a. [ Pyro- + arsenic .] (Chem.) Pertaining to or designating, an acid of arsenic analogous to pyrophosphoric acid.

Pyroborate <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`o*bo"rate (?) , n. (Chem.) A salt of pyroboric acid.

Pyroboric <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`o*bo"ric (?) , a. [ Pyro- + boric .] (Chem.) Pertaining to derived from, or designating, an acid, H2B4O7 (called also tetraboric acid), which is the acid ingredient of ordinary borax, and is obtained by heating boric acid.

Pyrocatechin <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`o*cat"e*chin (?) , n. [ Pyro- + catechu .] (Chem.) A white crystalline substance, C6H4(OH)2 , of the phenol series, found in various plants; -- so called because first obtained by distillation of gum catechu . Called also catechol , oxyphenol . etc.

Pyrochlore <Xpage=1169>

Pyr"o*chlore (?) , n. [ Pyro- + Gr. <?/ pale green.] (Min.) A niobate of calcium, cerium, and other bases, occurring usually in octahedrons of a yellowish or brownish color and resinous luster; -- so called from its becoming grass-green on being subjected to heat under the blowpipe.

Pyrocitric <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`o*cit"ric (?) , a. [ Pyro- + citric : cf. F. pyrocitrique .] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, any one of three acids obtained by the distillation of citric acid, and called respectively citraconic , itaconic , and mesaconic acid.

Purocoll <Xpage=1169>

Pur"o*coll (?) , n. [ Puro- + Gr. <?/ glue.] (Chem.) A yellow crystalline substance allied to pyrrol, obtained by the distillation of gelatin.

Pyroelectric <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`o*e*lec"tric (?) , a. [ Pyro- + electric .] (Physics) Pertaining to, or dependent on, pyroelectricity; receiving electric polarity when heated.

Pyroelectric <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`o*e*lec"tric , n. (Physics) A substance which becomes electrically polar when heated, exhibiting opposite charges of statical electricity at two separate parts, especially the two extremities.

Pyroelectricity <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`o*e`lec*tric"i*ty (?) , n. (Physics) Electricity developed by means of heat; the science which treats of electricity thus developed.

Pyrogallate <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`o*gal"late (?) , n. (Chem.) A salt of pyrogallic acid; an ether of pyrogallol.

Pyrogallic <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`o*gal"lic (?) , a. [ Pyro- + gallic .] (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or designating, an acid called pyrogallol . See Pyrogallol .

Pyrogallol <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`o*gal"lol (?) , n. [ Pyrogallic + -ol .] (Chem.) A phenol metameric with phloroglucin, obtained by the distillation of gallic acid as a poisonous white crystalline substance having acid properties, and hence called also pyrogallic acid . It is a strong reducer, and is used as a developer in photography and in the production of certain dyes.

Pyrogen <Xpage=1169>

Pyr"o*gen (?) , n. [See Pyrogenous .] 1. Electricity. [R.]

2. (Physiol. Chem.) A poison separable from decomposed meat infusions, and supposed to be formed from albuminous matter through the agency of bacteria.

Pyrogenic <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`o*gen"ic (?) , a. [ Pyro- + -gen + -ic .] (Physiol.) Producing heat; -- said of substances, as septic poisons, which elevate the temperature of the body and cause fever.

Pyrogenous <Xpage=1169>

Py*rog"e*nous (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ fire + genous : cf. F. purog\'8ane , Gr. <?/.] Produced by fire; igneous.

Mantell. .

Pyrognostic <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`og*nos"tic (?) , a. [ Pyro- + Gr. <?/ to know.] (Min.) Of or pertaining to characters developed by the use of heat; pertaining to the characters of minerals when examined before the blowpipe; as, the pyrognostic characters of galena .

Pyrognostics <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`og*nos"tics (?) , n. pl. (Min.) The characters of a mineral observed by the use of the blowpipe, as the degree of fusibility, flame coloration, etc.

Pyrography <Xpage=1169>

Py*rog"ra*phy (?) , n. [ Pyro- + -graphy .] A process of printing, ornamenting, or carving, by burning with heated instruments.

Pyrolator <Xpage=1169>

Py*rol"a*tor (?) , n. [See Pyrolatry .] A fire worshiper. [R.]

Southey.

Pyrolatry <Xpage=1169>

Py*rol"a*try (?) , n. [ Pyro- + Gr. <?/ worship: cf. F. pyrol\'83trie .] The worship of fire.

Young.

Pyroligneous, Pyrolignic <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`o*lig"ne*ous (?) , Pyr`o*lig"nic (?) , a. [ Pyro -+ L. lignum wood: cf. F. pyroligneux .] (Old Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, the acid liquid obtained in the distillation of wood, consisting essentially of impure acetic acid.

Pyrolignous <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`o*lig"nous (?) , a. Same as Pyroligneous .

Pyrolithic <Xpage=1169>

Pyr`o*lith"ic (?) , a. [ Pyro- + lithic .] (Old Chem.) Same as Pyrouric , or Cyanuric .

Pyrologist <Xpage=1169>