Chapter 12

Ac*ces"sion (#) , n. [L. accessio , fr. accedere : cf. F. accession . See Accede .] 1. A coming to; the act of acceding and becoming joined; as, a king's accession to a confederacy .

2. Increase by something added; that which is added; augmentation from without; as, an accession of wealth or territory .

The only accession which the Roman empire received was the province of Britain. Gibbon.

3. (Law) (a) A mode of acquiring property, by which the owner of a corporeal substance which receives an addition by growth, or by labor, has a right to the part or thing added, or the improvement (provided the thing is not changed into a different species). Thus, the owner of a cow becomes the owner of her calf. (b) The act by which one power becomes party to engagements already in force between other powers.

Kent.

4. The act of coming to or reaching a throne, an office, or dignity; as, the accession of the house of Stuart ; -- applied especially to the epoch of a new dynasty.

5. (Med.) The invasion, approach, or commencement of a disease; a fit or paroxysm.

Syn. -- Increase; addition; augmentation; enlargement.

Accessional <Xpage=11>

Ac*ces"sion*al (#) , a. Pertaining to accession; additional. [R.]

Sir T. Browne.

Accessive <Xpage=11>

Ac*ces"sive (#) , a. Additional.

Accessorial <Xpage=11>

Ac`ces*so"ri*al (#) , a. Of or pertaining to an accessory; as, accessorial agency, accessorial guilt .

Accessorily <Xpage=11>

Ac*ces"so*ri*ly (#) , adv. In the manner of an accessory; auxiliary.

Accessoriness <Xpage=11>

Ac*ces"so*ri*ness , n. The state of being accessory, or connected subordinately.

Accessory <Xpage=11>

Ac*ces"so*ry (#; 277) , a. [L. accessorius . See Access , and cf. Accessary .] Accompanying as a subordinate; aiding in a secondary way; additional; connected as an incident or subordinate to a principal; contributing or contributory; said of persons and things, and, when of persons, usually in a bad sense; as, he was accessory to the riot; accessory sounds in music.

&hand; Ash accents the antepenult; and this is not only more regular, but preferable, on account of easiness of pronunciation. Most orho\'89pists place the accent on the first syllable.

Syn. -- Accompanying; contributory; auxiliary; subsidiary; subservient; additional; acceding.

Accessory <Xpage=11>

Ac*ces"so*ry , n. ; pl. Accessories (#) . 1. That which belongs to something else deemed the principal; something additional and subordinate. "The aspect and accessories of a den of banditti."

Carlyle.

2. (Law) Same as Accessary , n.

3. (Fine Arts) Anything that enters into a work of art without being indispensably necessary, as mere ornamental parts.

Elmes.

Syn. -- Abettor; accomplice; ally; coadjutor. See Abettor .

Acciaccatura <Xpage=11>

Ac*ciac`ca*tu"ra (#) , n. [It., from acciaccare to crush.] (Mus.) A short grace note, one semitone below the note to which it is prefixed; -- used especially in organ music. Now used as equivalent to the short appoggiatura .

Accidence <Xpage=11>

Ac"ci*dence (#) , n. [A corruption of Eng. accidents , pl. of accident . See Accident , 2.] 1. The accidents, of inflections of words; the rudiments of grammar.

Milton.

2. The rudiments of any subject.

Lowell.

Accident <Xpage=11>

Ac"ci*dent (#) , n. [F. accident , fr. L. accidens , -dentis , p. pr. of accidere to happen; ad + cadere to fall. See Cadence , Case .] 1. Literally, a befalling; an event that takes place without one's foresight or expectation; an undesigned, sudden, and unexpected event; chance; contingency; often, an undesigned and unforeseen occurrence of an afflictive or unfortunate character; a casualty; a mishap; as, to die by an accident .

Of moving accidents by flood and field. Shak.

Thou cam'st not to thy place by accident : It is the very place God meant for thee. Trench.

2. (Gram.) A property attached to a word, but not essential to it, as gender, number, case.

3. (Her.) A point or mark which may be retained or omitted in a coat of arms.

4. (Log.) (a) A property or quality of a thing which is not essential to it, as whiteness in paper; an attribute. (b) A quality or attribute in distinction from the substance, as sweetness , softness .

5. Any accidental property, fact, or relation; an accidental or nonessential; as, beauty is an accident .

This accident , as I call it, of Athens being situated some miles from the sea. J. P. Mahaffy.

6. Unusual appearance or effect. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

&hand; Accident , in Law , is equivalent to casus , or such unforeseen, extraordinary, extraneous interference as is out of the range of ordinary calculation.

Accidental <Xpage=11>

Ac`ci*den"tal (#) , a. [Cf. F. accidentel , earlier accidental .] 1. Happening by chance, or unexpectedly; taking place not according to the usual course of things; casual; fortuitous; as, an accidental visit .

2. Nonessential; not necessary belonging; incidental; as, are accidental to a play .

Accidental chords (Mus.) , those which contain one or more tones foreign to their proper harmony. -- Accidental colors (Opt.) , colors depending on the hypersensibility of the retina of the eye for complementary colors. They are purely subjective sensations of color which often result from the contemplation of actually colored bodies. -- Accidental point (Persp.) , the point in which a right line, drawn from the eye, parallel to a given right line, cuts the perspective plane; so called to distinguish it from the principal point, or point of view, where a line drawn from the eye perpendicular to the perspective plane meets this plane. -- Accidental lights (Paint.) , secondary lights; effects of light other than ordinary daylight, such as the rays of the sun darting through a cloud, or between the leaves of trees; the effect of moonlight, candlelight, or burning bodies.

Fairholt.

Syn. -- Casual; fortuitous; contingent; occasional; adventitious. -- Accidental , Incidental , Casual , Fortuitous , Contingent . We speak of a thing as accidental when it falls out as by chance, and not in the regular course of things; as, an accidental meeting, an accidental advantage, etc. We call a thing incidental when it falls, as it were, into some regular course of things, but is secondary, and forms no essential part thereof; as, an incremental remark, an incidental evil, an incidental benefit . We speak of a thing as casual , when it falls out or happens, as it were, by mere chance, without being prearranged or premeditated; as, a casual remark or encounter; a casual observer . An idea of the unimportant is attached to what is casual . Fortuitous is applied to what occurs without any known cause, and in opposition to what has been foreseen; as, a fortuitous concourse of atoms . We call a thing contingent when it is such that, considered in itself, it may or may not happen, but is dependent for its existence on something else; as, the time of my coming will be contingent on intelligence yet to be received .

Accidental <Xpage=11>

Ac`ci*den"tal (#) , n. 1. A property which is not essential; a nonessential; anything happening accidentally.

He conceived it just that accidentals . . . should sink with the substance of the accusation. Fuller.

2. pl. (Paint.) Those fortuitous effects produced by luminous rays falling on certain objects so that some parts stand forth in abnormal brightness and other parts are cast into a deep shadow.

3. (Mus.) A sharp, flat, or natural, occurring not at the commencement of a piece of music as the signature, but before a particular note.

Accidentalism <Xpage=11>

Ac`ci*den"tal*ism (#) , n. Accidental character or effect.

Ruskin.

Accidentality <Xpage=11>

Ac`ci*den*tal"i*ty (#) , n. The quality of being accidental; accidentalness. [R.]

Coleridge.

Accidentally <Xpage=11>

Ac`ci*den"tal*ly (#) , adv. In an accidental manner; unexpectedly; by chance; unintentionally; casually; fortuitously; not essentially.

Accidentalness <Xpage=11>

Ac`ci*den"tal*ness , n. The quality of being accidental; casualness.

Accidie <Xpage=11>

Ac"ci*die (#) , n. [OF. accide , accidie , LL. accidia , acedia , fr. Gr. <?/; <?/ priv. + <?/ care.] Sloth; torpor. [Obs.] "The sin of accidie ."

Chaucer.

Accipenser <Xpage=11>

Ac`ci*pen"ser (#) , n. See Acipenser .

Accipient <Xpage=11>

Ac*cip"i*ent (#) , n. [L. accipiens , p. pr. of accipere . See Accept .] A receiver. [R.]

Bailey

Accipiter <Xpage=11>

Ac*cip"i*ter (#) , n. ; pl. E. Accipiters (#) . L. Accipitres (#) . [L., hawk.] 1. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of rapacious birds; one of the Accipitres or Raptores.

2. (Surg.) A bandage applied over the nose, resembling the claw of a hawk.

Accipitral <Xpage=11>

Ac*cip"i*tral (#) , n. Pertaining to, or of the nature of, a falcon or hawk; hawklike.

Lowell.

Accipitres <Xpage=11>

Ac*cip"i*tres (#) , n. pl. [L., hawks.] (Zo\'94l.) The order that includes rapacious birds. They have a hooked bill, and sharp, strongly curved talons. There are three families, represented by the vultures, the falcons or hawks, and the owls.

Accipitrine <Xpage=11>

Ac*cip"i*trine (#; 277) , a. [Cf. F. accipitrin .] (Zo\'94l.) Like or belonging to the Accipitres; raptorial; hawklike.

Accismus <Xpage=11>

Ac*cis"mus (#) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/.] (Rhet.) Affected refusal; coyness.

Accite <Xpage=11>

Ac*cite" (#) , v. t. [L. accitus , p. p. of accire , accere , to call for; ad + ciere to move, call. See Cite .] To cite; to summon. [Obs.]

Our heralds now accited all that were Endamaged by the Elians. Chapman.

Acclaim <Xpage=11>

Ac*claim" (#) , v. t. [L. acclamare ; ad + clamare to cry out. See Claim , Clamor .] [R.] 1. To applaud. "A glad acclaiming train."

Thomson.

2. To declare by acclamations.

While the shouting crowd Acclaims thee king of traitors. Smollett.

3. To shout; as, to acclaim my joy .

Acclaim <Xpage=11>

Ac*claim" , v. i. To shout applause.

Acclaim <Xpage=11>

Ac*claim" , n. Acclamation. [Poetic]

Milton.

Acclaimer <Xpage=11>

Ac*claim"er (#) , n. One who acclaims.

Acclamation <Xpage=11>

Ac`cla*ma"tion (#) , n. [L. acclamatio : cf. F. acclamation .] 1. A shout of approbation, favor, or assent; eager expression of approval; loud applause.

On such a day, a holiday having been voted by acclamation , an ordinary walk would not satisfy the children. Southey.

2. (Antiq.) A representation, in sculpture or on medals, of people expressing joy.

Acclamation medals are those on which laudatory acclamations are recorded.

Elmes.

Acclamatory <Xpage=11>

Ac*clam"a*to*ry (#) , a. Pertaining to, or expressing approval by, acclamation.

Acclimatable <Xpage=11>

Ac*cli"ma*ta*ble (#) , a. Capable of being acclimated.

Acclimatation <Xpage=11>

Ac*cli`ma*ta"tion (#) , n. [Cf. F. acclimation . See Acclimate .] Acclimatization.

Acclimate <Xpage=11>

Ac*cli"mate (#; 277) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Acclimated (#) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Acclimating .] [F. acclimater ; \'85 (l. ad ) + climat climate. See Climate .] To habituate to a climate not native; to acclimatize.

J. H. Newman.

Acclimatement <Xpage=11>

Ac*cli"mate*ment (#) , n. Acclimation. [R.]

Acclimation <Xpage=11>

Ac`cli*ma"tion (#) , n. The process of becoming, or the state of being, acclimated, or habituated to a new climate; acclimatization.

Acclimatizable <Xpage=11>

Ac*cli"ma*ti`za*ble (#) , a. Capable of being acclimatized.

<page="12"> Page 12

Acclimatization <Xpage=12>

Ac*cli"ma*ti*za"tion (#) , n. The act of acclimatizing; the process of inuring to a new climate, or the state of being so inured.

Darwin.

Acclimatize <Xpage=12>

Ac*cli"ma*tize (#) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Acclimatized (#) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Acclimatizing (#) .] To inure or habituate to a climate different from that which is natural; to adapt to the peculiarities of a foreign or strange climate; said of man, the inferior animals, or plants.

Acclimature <Xpage=12>

Ac*cli"ma*ture (#; 135) , n. The act of acclimating, or the state of being acclimated. [R.]

Caldwell.

Acclive <Xpage=12>

Ac*clive" (#) , a. Acclivous. [Obs.]

Accliffitous <Xpage=12>

Ac*cliff"i*tous (#) , a. Acclivous.

I. Taylor.

Acclivity <Xpage=12>

Ac*cliv"i*ty , n. ; pl. Acclivities (#) . [L. acclivitas , fr. acclivis , acclivus , ascending; ad + clivus a hill, slope, fr. root kli to lean. See Lean .] A slope or inclination of the earth, as the side of a hill, considered as ascending , in opposition to declivity , or descending ; an upward slope; ascent.

Acclivous <Xpage=12>

Ac*cli"vous (#; 277) , a. [L. acclivis and acclivus .] Sloping upward; rising as a hillside; -- opposed to declivous .

Accloy <Xpage=12>

Ac*cloy" (#) , v. t. [OF. encloyer , encloer , F. enclouer , to drive in a nail, fr. L. in + clavus nail.] To fill to satiety; to stuff full; to clog; to overload; to burden. See Cloy . [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Accoast <Xpage=12>

Ac*coast" (#) , v. t. & i. [See Accost , Coast .] To lie or sail along the coast or side of; to accost. [Obs.]

Whether high towering or accosting low. Spenser.

Accoil <Xpage=12>

Ac*coil" (#) , v. t. [OE. acoillir to receive, F. accueillir ; L. ad + colligere to collect. See Coil .] 1. To gather together; to collect. [Obs.]

Spenser.

2. (Naut.) To coil together.

Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Accolade <Xpage=12>

Ac`co*lade" (#; 277) , n. [F. accolade , It. accolata , fr. accollare to embrace; L. ad + collum neck.] 1. A ceremony formerly used in conferring knighthood, consisting am embrace, and a slight blow on the shoulders with the flat blade of a sword.

2. (Mus.) A brace used to join two or more staves.

Accombination <Xpage=12>

Ac*com*bi*na"tion (#) , n. [L. ad + E. combination .] A combining together. [R.]

Accommodable <Xpage=12>

Ac*com"mo*da*ble (#) , a. [Cf. F. accommodable .] That may be accommodated, fitted, or made to agree. [R.]

I. Watts.

Accommodableness <Xpage=12>

Ac*com"mo*dable*ness , n. The quality or condition of being accommodable. [R.]

Todd.

Accommodate <Xpage=12>

Ac*com"mo*date (#) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Accommodated (#) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Accommodating (#) .] [L. accommodatus , p. p. of accommodare ; ad + commodare to make fit, help; con- + modus measure, proportion. See Mode .] 1. To render fit, suitable, or correspondent; to adapt; to conform; as, to accommodate ourselves to circumstances . "They accomodate their counsels to his inclination."

Addison.

2. To bring into agreement or harmony; to reconcile; to compose; to adjust; to settle; as, to accommodate differences, a dispute, etc.

3. To furnish with something desired, needed, or convenient; to favor; to oblige; as, to accommodate a friend with a loan or with lodgings .

4. To show the correspondence of; to apply or make suit by analogy; to adapt or fit, as teachings to accidental circumstances, statements to facts, etc.; as, to accommodate prophecy to events .

Syn. -- To suit; adapt; conform; adjust; arrange.

Accommodate <Xpage=12>

Ac*com"mo*date , v. i. To adapt one's self; to be conformable or adapted. [R.]

Boyle.

Accommodate <Xpage=12>

Ac*com"mo*date (#) , a. [L. accommodatus , p.p. of accommodare .] Suitable; fit; adapted; as, means accommodate to end . [Archaic]

Tillotson.

Accommodately <Xpage=12>

Ac*com"mo*date*ly , adv. Suitably; fitly. [R.]

Accommodateness <Xpage=12>

Ac*com"mo*date*ness , n. Fitness. [R.]

Accommodating <Xpage=12>

Ac*com"mo*da`ting (#) , a. Affording, or disposed to afford, accommodation; obliging; as an accommodating man, spirit, arrangement.

Accommodation <Xpage=12>

Ac*com`mo*da"tion (#) , n. [L. accommodatio , fr. accommodare : cf. F. accommodation .]

1. The act of fitting or adapting, or the state of being fitted or adapted; adaptation; adjustment; -- followed by to . "The organization of the body with accommodation to its functions."

Sir M. Hale.

2. Willingness to accommodate; obligingness.

3. Whatever supplies a want or affords ease, refreshment, or convenience; anything furnished which is desired or needful; -- often in the plural; as, the accomodations -- that is, lodgings and food -- at an inn .

Sir W. Scott.

4. An adjustment of differences; state of agreement; reconciliation; settlement. "To come to terms of accommodation ."

Macaulay.

5. The application of a writer's language, on the ground of analogy, to something not originally referred to or intended.

Many of those quotations from the Old Testament were probably intended as nothing more than accommodations . Paley.

6. (Com.) (a) A loan of money. (b) An accommodation bill or note.

Accommodation bill , or note (Com.) , a bill of exchange which a person accepts, or a note which a person makes and delivers to another, not upon a consideration received, but for the purpose of raising money on credit. -- Accommodation coach , or train , one running at moderate speed and stopping at all or nearly all stations. -- Accommodation ladder (Naut.) , a light ladder hung over the side of a ship at the gangway, useful in ascending from, or descending to, small boats.

Accommodator <Xpage=12>