Chapter 1194

Pran"gos (?) , n. [From the native name in Afghanistan.] (Bot.) A genus of umbelliferous plants, one species of which ( P. pabularia ), found in Thibet, Cashmere, Afghanistan, etc., has been used as fodder for cattle. It has decompound leaves with very long narrow divisions, and a highly fragrant smell resembling that of new clover hay.

Prank <Xpage=1124>

Prank (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Pranked (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Pranking .] [Cf. E. prink , also G. prangen , prunken , to shine, to make a show, Dan. prange , prunke , Sw. prunka , D. pronken .] To adorn in a showy manner; to dress or equip ostentatiously; -- often followed by up ; as, to prank up the body . See Prink .

In sumptuous tire she joyed herself to prank . Spenser.

Prank <Xpage=1124>

Prank , v. i. To make ostentatious show.

White houses prank where once were huts. M. Arnold.

Prank <Xpage=1124>

Prank , n. A gay or sportive action; a ludicrous, merry, or mischievous trick; a caper; a frolic.

Spenser.

The harpies . . . played their accustomed pranks . Sir W. Raleigh.

His pranks have been too broad to bear with. Shak.

Prank <Xpage=1124>

Prank , a. Full of gambols or tricks. [Obs.]

Pranker <Xpage=1124>

Prank"er (?) , n. One who dresses showily; a prinker. "A pranker or a dancer."

Burton.

Prankish <Xpage=1124>

Prank"ish , a. Full of pranks; frolicsome.

Prase <Xpage=1124>

Prase (?) , n. [L. prasius , fr. Gr. <?/ of a leek-green, fr. Gr. <?/ a leek: cf. F. prase .] (Min.) A variety of cryptocrystalline of a leek-green color.

Praseo- <Xpage=1124>

Pra"se*o- (?) . [Gr. <?/ leek-green, green, fr. <?/ a leek.] A combining form signifying green ; as, praseo cobalt, a green variety of cobalt .

Praseodymium <Xpage=1124>

Pra`se*o*dym"i*um (?) , n. [ Praseo- + di dymium .] (Chem.) An elementary substance, one of the constituents of didymium; -- so called from the green color of its salts. Symbol Ps. Atomic weight 143.6.

Praseolite <Xpage=1124>

Pra"se*o*lite (?) , n. [ Praseo- + -lite .] (Min.) A variety of altered iolite of a green color and greasy luster.

Prasinous <Xpage=1124>

Pras"i*nous (?) , a. [L. prasinus , Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ a leek.] Grass-green; clear, lively green, without any mixture.

Lindley.

Prasoid <Xpage=1124>

Pra"soid (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ leek + -oid .] (Min.) Resembling prase.

Prate <Xpage=1124>

Prate (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Prated ; p. pr. & vb. n. Prating .] [Akin to LG. & D. praten , Dan. prate , Sw. & Icel. prata .] To talk much and to little purpose; to be loquacious; to speak foolishly; to babble.

To prate and talk for life and honor. Shak.

And make a fool presume to prate of love. Dryden.

Prate <Xpage=1124>

Prate , v. t. To utter foolishly; to speak without reason or purpose; to chatter, or babble.

What nonsense would the fool, thy master, prate , When thou, his knave, canst talk at such a rate ! Dryden.

Prate <Xpage=1124>

Prate , n. [Akin to LG. & D. praat , Sw. prat .] Talk to little purpose; trifling talk; unmeaning loquacity.

Sick of tops, and poetry, and prate . Pope.

Prateful <Xpage=1124>

Prate"ful (?) , a. Talkative. [R.]

W. Taylor.

Prater <Xpage=1124>

Prat"er (?) , n. One who prates.

Shak.

Pratic <Xpage=1124>

Prat"ic (?) , n. See Pratique .

Pratincole <Xpage=1124>

Pra"tin*cole (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) Any bird of the Old World genus Glareola , or family Glareolid\'91 , allied to the plovers. They have long, pointed wings and a forked tail.

Pratingly <Xpage=1124>

Prat"ing*ly (?) , adv. With idle talk; with loquacity.

Pratique <Xpage=1124>

Prat"ique (?) , n. [F.; cf. It. pratica , Sp. practica . See Practice .] 1. (Com.) Primarily, liberty of converse; intercourse; hence, a certificate, given after compliance with quarantine regulations, permitting a ship to land passengers and crew; -- a term used particularly in the south of Europe.

<page="1125"> Page 1125

2. Practice; habits. [Obs.] "One of English education and pratique ."

R. North.

Prattle <Xpage=1125>

Prat"tle (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Prattled (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Prattling (?) .] [Freq. of prate .] To talk much and idly; to prate; hence, to talk lightly and artlessly, like a child; to utter child's talk.

Prattle <Xpage=1125>

Prat"tle , v. t. To utter as prattle; to babble; as, to prattle treason .

Addison.

Prattle <Xpage=1125>

Prat"tle , n. Trifling or childish tattle; empty talk; loquacity on trivial subjects; prate; babble.

Mere prattle , without practice. Shak.

Prattlement <Xpage=1125>

Prat"tle*ment (?) , n. Prattle. [R.]

Jeffrey.

Prattler <Xpage=1125>

Prat"tler (?) , n. One who prattles.

Herbert.

Pravity <Xpage=1125>

Prav"i*ty (?) , n. [L. pravitas , from pravus crooked, perverse.] Deterioration; degeneracy; corruption; especially, moral crookedness; moral perversion; perverseness; depravity; as, the pravity of human nature . "The pravity of the will."

South.

Prawn <Xpage=1125>

Prawn (?) , n. [OE. prane , of unknown origin; cf. L. perna a sea mussel.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of large shrimplike Crustacea having slender legs and long antenn\'91. They mostly belong to the genera Pandalus , Pal\'91mon , Pal\'91monetes , and Peneus , and are much used as food. The common English prawn in Pal\'91mon serratus .

&hand; The name is often applied to any large shrimp.

Praxinoscope <Xpage=1125>

Prax*in"o*scope (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ action + -scope .] (Opt.) An instrument, similar to the phenakistoscope, for presenting to view, or projecting upon a screen, images the natural motions of real objects.

Praxis <Xpage=1125>

Prax"is (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to do. See Practice .] 1. Use; practice; especially, exercise or discipline for a specific purpose or object. "The praxis and theory of music."

Wood.

2. An example or form of exercise, or a collection of such examples, for practice.

Pray <Xpage=1125>

Pray (?) , n. & v. See Pry . [Obs.]

Spenser.

Pray <Xpage=1125>

Pray (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Prayed (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Praying .] [OE. preien , OF. preier , F. prier , L. precari , fr. prex , precis , a prayer, a request; akin to Skr. prach to ask, AS. frignan , fr\'c6nan , fricgan , G. fragen , Goth. fra\'a1hnan . Cf. Deprecate , Imprecate , Precarious .] To make request with earnestness or zeal, as for something desired; to make entreaty or supplication; to offer prayer to a deity or divine being as a religious act; specifically, to address the Supreme Being with adoration, confession, supplication, and thanksgiving.

And to his goddess pitously he preyde . Chaucer.

When thou prayest , enter into thy closet, and when thou hast shut thy door, pray to thy Father which is in secret; and thy Father which seeth in secret shall reward thee openly. Matt. vi. 6.

I pray , &or; (by ellipsis) Pray , I beg; I request; I entreat you; -- used in asking a question, making a request, introducing a petition, etc.; as, Pray , allow me to go.

I pray , sir. why am I beaten? Shak.

Syn. -- To entreat; supplicate; beg; implore; invoke; beseech; petition.

Pray <Xpage=1125>

Pray , v. t. 1. To address earnest request to; to supplicate; to entreat; to implore; to beseech.

And as this earl was preyed , so did he. Chaucer.

We pray you . . . by ye reconciled to God. 2 Cor. v. 20.

2. To ask earnestly for; to seek to obtain by supplication; to entreat for.

I know not how to pray your patience. Shak.

3. To effect or accomplish by praying; as, to pray a soul out of purgatory .

Milman.

To pray in aid . (Law) (a) To call in as a helper one who has an interest in the cause . Bacon . (b) A phrase often used to signify claiming the benefit of an argument. See under Aid .

Mozley & W.

Prayer <Xpage=1125>

Pray"er (?) , n. One who prays; a supplicant.

Prayer <Xpage=1125>

Prayer (<?/; 277) , n. [OE. preiere , OF. preiere , F. pri\'8are , fr. L. precarius obtained by prayer, fr. precari to pray. See Pray , v. i. ] 1. The act of praying, or of asking a favor; earnest request or entreaty; hence, a petition or memorial addressed to a court or a legislative body. "Their meek preyere ."

Chaucer

2. The act of addressing supplication to a divinity, especially to the true God; the offering of adoration, confession, supplication, and thanksgiving to the Supreme Being; as, public prayer ; secret prayer .

As he is famed for mildness, peace, and prayer . Shak.

3. The form of words used in praying; a formula of supplication; an expressed petition; especially, a supplication addressed to God; as, a written or extemporaneous prayer ; to repeat one's prayers .

He made those excellent prayers which were published immediately after his death. Bp. Fell.

Prayer book , a book containing devotional prayers. -- Prayer meeting , a meeting or gathering for prayer to God.

Syn. -- Petition; orison; supplication; entreaty; suit.

Prayerful <Xpage=1125>

Prayer"ful (?) , a. Given to prayer; praying much or often; devotional. "The prayerful man." J. S. Blackie . -- Prayer"ful*ly , adv. -- Prayer"ful*ness , n.

Prayerless <Xpage=1125>

Prayer"less (?; 277) , a. Not using prayer; habitually neglecting prayer to God; without prayer. "The next time you go prayerless to bed."

Baxter.

-- Prayer"less*ly , adv. -- Prayer"less*ness , n.

Praying <Xpage=1125>

Pray"ing (?) , a. & n. from Pray , v.

Praying insect , locust , &or; mantis (Zo\'94l.) , a mantis, especially Mantis religiosa . See Mantis . -- Praying machine , &or; Praying wheel , a wheel on which prayers are pasted by Buddhist priests, who then put the wheel in rapid revolution. Each turn in supposed to have the efficacy of an oral repetition of all the prayers on the wheel. Sometimes it is moved by a stream.

Prayingly <Xpage=1125>

Pray"ing*ly , adv. With supplication to God.

Pre- <Xpage=1125>

Pre- (?) . [L. prae , adv. & prep., before, akin to pro , and to E. for , prep.: cf. F. pr\'82- . See Pro- , and cf. Prior .] A prefix denoting priority (of time, place, or rank); as, precede , to go before; pre cursor, a forerunner; pre fix, to fix or place before ; pre \'89minent eminent before or above others. Pre- is sometimes used intensively, as in pre potent, very potent . [Written also pr\'91- .]

Preaccusation <Xpage=1125>

Pre*ac`cu*sa"tion (?) , n. Previous accusation.

Preace <Xpage=1125>

Preace (?) , v. & n. Press. [Obs.]

Spenser.

Preach <Xpage=1125>

Preach (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Preached (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Preaching .] [OE. prechen , OF. preechier , F. pr\'88cher , fr. L. praedicare to cry in public, to proclaim; prae before + dicare to make known, dicere to say; or perhaps from (assumed) LL. praedictare . See Diction , and cf. Predicate , Predict .] 1. To proclaim or publish tidings; specifically, to proclaim the gospel; to discourse publicly on a religious subject, or from a text of Scripture; to deliver a sermon.

How shall they preach , except they be sent? Rom. x. 15.

From that time Jesus began to preach . Matt. iv. 17.

2. To give serious advice on morals or religion; to discourse in the manner of a preacher.

Preach <Xpage=1125>

Preach , v. t. 1. To proclaim by public discourse; to utter in a sermon or a formal religious harangue.

That Cristes gospel truly wolde preche . Chaucer.

The Lord hath anointed me to preach good tidings unto the meek. Isa. lxi. 1.

2. To inculcate in public discourse; to urge with earnestness by public teaching. "I have preached righteousness in the great congregation."

Ps. xl. 9.

3. To deliver or pronounce; as, to preach a sermon .

4. To teach or instruct by preaching; to inform by preaching. [R.] "As ye are preached ."

Southey.

5. To advise or recommend earnestly.

My master preaches patience to him. Shak.

To preach down , to oppress, or humiliate by preaching. Tennyson . -- To preach up , to exalt by preaching; to preach in support of; as, to preach up equality.

Preach <Xpage=1125>

Preach , n. [Cf. F. pr\'88che , fr. pr\'88cher . See Preach , v. ] A religious discourse. [Obs.]

Hooker.

Preacher <Xpage=1125>

Preach"er (?) , n. [Cf. OF. preeschierre , prescheur , F. pr\'88cheur , L. praedicator .] 1. One who preaches; one who discourses publicly on religious subjects.

How shall they hear without a preacher ? Rom. x. 14.

2. One who inculcates anything with earnestness.

No preacher is listened to but Time. Swift.

Preacher bird (Zo\'94l.) , a toucan.

Preachership <Xpage=1125>

Preach"er*ship , n. The office of a preacher. "The preachership of the Rolls."

Macaulay.

Preachify <Xpage=1125>

Preach"i*fy (?) , v. i. [ Preach + -fy .] To discourse in the manner of a preacher. [Colloq.]

Thackeray.

Preaching <Xpage=1125>

Preach"ing , n. The act of delivering a religious discourse; the art of sermonizing; also, a sermon; a public religious discourse; serious, earnest advice.

Milner.

Preaching cross , a cross, sometimes surmounting a pulpit, erected out of doors to designate a preaching place. -- Preaching friars . See Dominican .

Preachman <Xpage=1125>

Preach"man (?) , n. ; pl. Preachmen (<?/) . A preacher; -- so called in contempt. [Obs.]

Howell.

Preachment <Xpage=1125>

Preach"ment (?) , n. A religious harangue; a sermon; -- used derogatively.

Shak.

Preacquaint <Xpage=1125>

Pre`ac*quaint" (?) , v. t. To acquaint previously or beforehand.

Fielding.

Preacquaintance <Xpage=1125>

Pre`ac*quaint"ance (?) , n. Previous acquaintance or knowledge.

Harris.

Preact <Xpage=1125>

Pre*act" (?) , v. t. To act beforehand; to perform previously.

Preaction <Xpage=1125>

Pre*ac"tion (?) , n. Previous action.

Preadamic <Xpage=1125>

Pre`a*dam"ic (?) , a. Prior to Adam.

Preadamite <Xpage=1125>

Pre*ad"am*ite (?) , n. [Cf. F. pr\'82adamite .] 1. An inhabitant of the earth before Adam.

2. One who holds that men existed before Adam.

Preadamitic <Xpage=1125>

Pre*ad`am*it"ic (?) , a. Existing or occurring before Adam; preadamic; as, preadamitic periods .

Preadjustment <Xpage=1125>

Pre`ad*just"ment (?) , n. Previous adjustment.

Preadministration <Xpage=1125>

Pre`ad*min`is*tra"tion (?) , n. Previous administration.

Bp. Pearson.

Preadmonish <Xpage=1125>

Pre`ad*mon"ish , v. t. To admonish previously.

Preadmonition <Xpage=1125>

Pre*ad`mo*ni"tion (?) , n. Previous warning or admonition; forewarning.

Preadvertise <Xpage=1125>

Pre*ad`ver*tise" (?) , v. t. To advertise beforehand; to preannounce publicly.

Preamble <Xpage=1125>

Pre"am`ble (?) , n. [LL. praeambulum , from L. praeambulus walking before, fr. praeambulare to walk before; prae before + ambulare to walk: cf. F. pr\'82ambule . See Amble .] A introductory portion; an introduction or preface, as to a book, document, etc.; specifically, the introductory part of a statute, which states the reasons and intent of the law.

Preamble <Xpage=1125>

Pre"am`ble , v. t. & i. To make a preamble to; to preface; to serve as a preamble. [R.]

Feltham. Milton.

Preambulary <Xpage=1125>

Pre*am"bu*la*ry (?) , a. [Cf. OF. preambulaire .] Of or pertaining to a preamble; introductory; contained or provided for in a preamble. "A preambulary tax." [R.]

Burke.

Preambulate <Xpage=1125>

Pre*am"bu*late (?) , v. i. [L. praeambulare . See Preamble .] To walk before. [R.]

Jordan.

Preambulation <Xpage=1125>

Pre*am`bu*la"tion (?) , n. 1. A walking or going before; precedence. [R.]

2. A preamble. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Preambulatory <Xpage=1125>

Pre*am"bu*la*to*ry (?) , a. Preceding; going before; introductory. [R.]

Simon Magus had preambulatory impieties. Jer. Taylor.

Preambulous <Xpage=1125>

Pre*am"bu*lous (?) , a. [See Preamble , n. ] See Perambulatory . [R.]

Sir T. Browne.

Preannounce <Xpage=1125>

Pre`an*nounce" (?) , v. t. To announce beforehand.

Coleridge.

Preantenultimate <Xpage=1125>

Pre*an`te*nul"ti*mate (?) , a. Being or indicating the fourth syllable from the end of a word, or that before the antepenult.

Preaortic <Xpage=1125>

Pre`a*or"tic (?) , a. (Anat.) In front, or on the ventral side, of the aorta.

Preappoint <Xpage=1125>

Pre`ap*point" (?) , v. t. To appoint previously, or beforehand.

Carlyle.

Preappointment <Xpage=1125>

Pre`ap*point"ment (?) , n. Previous appointment.

Preapprehension <Xpage=1125>