Chapter 1183

Popping crease . (Cricket) See under Crease .

Popple <Xpage=1114>

Pop"ple (?) , v. i. [Cf. Pop .] To move quickly up and down; to bob up and down, as a cork on rough water; also, to bubble.

Cotton.

Popple <Xpage=1114>

Pop"ple , n. 1. The poplar. [Prov. Eng. & Local, U. S.]

2. Tares. [Obs.] "To sow popple among wheat."

Bale.

Poppy <Xpage=1114>

Pop"py (?) , n. ; pl. Poppies (#) . [OE. popy , AS. popig , L. papaver .] (Bot.) Any plant or species of the genus Papaver , herbs with showy polypetalous flowers and a milky juice. From one species ( Papaver somniferum ) opium is obtained, though all the species contain it to some extent; also, a flower of the plant. See Illust . of Capsule .

California poppy (Bot.) , any yellow-flowered plant of the genus Eschscholtzia . -- Corn poppy . See under Corn . -- Horn , &or; Horned , poppy . See under Horn . -- Poppy bee (Zo\'94l.) , a leaf-cutting bee ( Anthocopa papaveris ) which uses pieces cut from poppy petals for the lining of its cells; -- called also upholsterer bee . -- Prickly poppy (Bot.) , Argemone Mexicana , a yellow-flowered plant of the Poppy family, but as prickly as a thistle. -- Poppy seed , the seed the opium poppy ( P. somniferum ). -- Spatling poppy (Bot.) , a species of Silene ( S. inflata ). See Catchfly .

Poppy, Poppyhead <Xpage=1114>

Pop"py (?) , Pop"py*head` (?) , n. [F. poup\'82e doll, puppet. See Puppet .] (Arch.) A raised ornament frequently having the form of a final. It is generally used on the tops of the upright ends or elbows which terminate seats, etc., in Gothic churches.

Populace <Xpage=1114>

Pop"u*lace (?) , n. [F. populace , fr. It. popolaccio , popolazzo , fr. popolo people, L. populus . See People .] The common people; the vulgar; the multitude, -- comprehending all persons not distinguished by rank, office, education, or profession.

Pope.

To . . . calm the peers and please the populace . Daniel.

They . . . call us Britain's barbarous populaces . Tennyson.

Syn. -- Mob; people; commonalty.

Populacy <Xpage=1114>

Pop"u*la*cy (?) , n. Populace. [Obs.]

Feltham.

Popular <Xpage=1114>

Pop"u*lar (?) , a. [L. popularis , fr. populus people: cf. F. populaire . See People .] 1. Of or pertaining to the common people, or to the whole body of the people, as distinguished from a select portion; as, the popular voice; popular elections. " Popular states." Bacon . "So the popular vote inclines." Milton .

The commonly held in popular estimation are greatest at a distance. J. H. Newman.

2. Suitable to common people; easy to be comprehended; not abstruse; familiar; plain.

Homilies are plain popular instructions. Hooker.

3. Adapted to the means of the common people; possessed or obtainable by the many; hence, cheap; common; ordinary; inferior; as, popular prices; popular amusements.

The smallest figs, called popular figs, . . . are, of all others, the basest and of least account. Holland.

4. Beloved or approved by the people; pleasing to people in general, or to many people; as, a popular preacher; a popular law; a popular administration.

5. Devoted to the common people; studious of the favor of the populace. [R.]

Such popular humanity is treason. Addison.

6. Prevailing among the people; epidemic; as, a popular disease . [Obs.]

Johnson.

Popular action (Law) , an action in which any person may sue for penalty imposed by statute.

Blackstone.

Populares <Xpage=1114>

Pop`u*la"res (?) , n. pl. [L.] The people or the people's party, in ancient Rome, as opposed to the optimates .

Popularity <Xpage=1114>

Pop`u*lar"i*ty (?) , n. ; pl. Popularities (#) . [L. popularitas an effort to please the people: cf. F. popularit\'82 .] 1. The quality or state of being popular; especially, the state of being esteemed by, or of being in favor with, the people at large; good will or favor proceeding from the people; as, the popularity of a law, statesman, or a book .

A popularity which has lasted down to our time. Macaulay.

2. The quality or state of being adapted or pleasing to common, poor, or vulgar people; hence, cheapness; inferiority; vulgarity.

This gallant laboring to avoid popularity falls into a habit of affectation. B. Jonson.

3. Something which obtains, or is intended to obtain, the favor of the vulgar; claptrap.

Popularities , and circumstances which . . . sway the ordinary judgment. Bacon.

4. The act of courting the favor of the people. [Obs.] "Indicted . . . for popularity and ambition."

Holland.

5. Public sentiment; general passion. [R.]

A little time be allowed for the madness of popularity to cease. Bancroft.

Popularization <Xpage=1114>

Pop`u*lar*i*za"tion (?) , n. The act of making popular, or of introducing among the people.

Popularize <Xpage=1114>

Pop"u*lar*ize (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Popularized (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Popularizing (?) .] [Cf. F. populariser .] To make popular; to make suitable or acceptable to the common people; to make generally known; as, to popularize philosophy . "The popularizing of religious teaching."

Milman.

Popularizer <Xpage=1114>

Pop"u*lar*i`zer (?) , n. One who popularizes.

Popularly <Xpage=1114>

Pop"u*lar*ly , adv. In a popular manner; so as to be generally favored or accepted by the people; commonly; currently; as, the story was popularity reported .

The victor knight, Bareheaded, popularly low had bowed. Dryden.

Popularness <Xpage=1114>

Pop"u*lar*ness , n. The quality or state of being popular; popularity.

Coleridge.

Populate <Xpage=1114>

Pop"u*late (?) , a. [L. populus people. See People .] Populous. [Obs.]

Bacon.

Populate <Xpage=1114>

Pop"u*late (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Populated (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Populating .] To furnish with inhabitants, either by natural increase or by immigration or colonization; to cause to be inhabited; to people.

Populate <Xpage=1114>

Pop"u*late , v. i. To propagate. [Obs.]

Great shoals of people which go on to populate . Bacon.

Population <Xpage=1114>

Pop`u*la"tion (?) , n. [L. populatio : cf. F. population .] 1. The act or process of populating; multiplication of inhabitants.

2. The whole number of people, or inhabitants, in a country, or portion of a country; as, a population of ten millions .

Populator <Xpage=1114>

Pop"u*la`tor (?) , n. One who populates.

Populicide <Xpage=1114>

Pop"u*li*cide` (?) , n. [L. populus people + caedere to kill.] Slaughter of the people. [R.]

Populin <Xpage=1114>

Pop"u*lin (?) , n. [L. populus poplar: cf. F. populine .] (Chem.) A glycoside, related to salicin, found in the bark of certain species of the poplar ( Populus ), and extracted as a sweet white crystalline substance.

<page="1115"> Page 1115

Populosity <Xpage=1115>

Pop`u*los"i*ty (?) , n. [L. populositas : cf. F. populosit\'82 .] Populousness. [Obs.]

Populous <Xpage=1115>

Pop"u*lous (?) , a. [L. populosus , fr. populus people: cf. F. populeux .] 1. Abounding in people; full of inhabitants; containing many inhabitants in proportion to the extent of the country.

Heaven, yet populous , retains Number sufficient to possess her realms. Milton.

2. Popular; famous. [Obs.]

J. Webster.

3. Common; vulgar. [Obs.]

Arden of Feversham.

4. Numerous; in large number. [Obs.] "The dust . . . raised by your populous troops."

Shak.

-- Pop"u*lous*ly , adv. -- Pop"u*lous*ness , n.

Poraille <Xpage=1115>

Po*raille" (?) , n. [OF. pouraille . See Poor .] Poor people; the poor. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Porbeagle <Xpage=1115>

Por"bea`gle (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) A species of shark ( Lamna cornubica ), about eight feet long, having a pointed nose and a crescent-shaped tail; -- called also mackerel shark . [Written also probeagle .]

Porcate <Xpage=1115>

Por"cate (?) , a. [L. porca a ridge between two furrows.] (Zo\'94l.) Having grooves or furrows broader than the intervening ridges; furrowed.

Porcelain <Xpage=1115>

Por"ce*lain (?) , n. (Bot.) Purslain. [Obs.]

Porcelain <Xpage=1115>

Por"ce*lain (277) , n. [F. porcelaine , It. porcellana , orig., the porcelain shell, or Venus shell ( Cypr\'91a porcellana ), from a dim. fr. L. porcus pig, probably from the resemblance of the shell in shape to a pig's back. Porcelain was called after this shell, either on account of its smoothness and whiteness, or because it was believed to be made from it. See Pork .] A fine translucent or semitransculent kind of earthenware, made first in China and Japan, but now also in Europe and America; -- called also China , or China ware .

Porcelain , by being pure, is apt to break. Dryden.

Ivory porcelain , porcelain with a surface like ivory, produced by depolishing. See Depolishing . -- Porcelain clay . See under Clay . -- Porcelain crab (Zo\'94l.) , any crab of the genus Porcellana and allied genera (family Porcellanid\'91 ). They have a smooth, polished carapace. -- Porcelain jasper . (Min.) See Porcelanite . -- Porcelain printing , the transferring of an impression of an engraving to porcelain. -- Porcelain shell (Zo\'94l.) , a cowry.

Porcelainized <Xpage=1115>

Por"ce*lain*ized (?) , a. (Geol.) Baked like potter's lay; -- applied to clay shales that have been converted by heat into a substance resembling porcelain.

Porcelaneous, Porcellaneous <Xpage=1115>

Por`ce*la"ne*ous (?) , Por`cel*la"ne*ous (?) , a. 1. Of or pertaining to porcelain; resembling porcelain; as, porcelaneous shells .

2. (Zo\'94l.) Having a smooth, compact shell without pores; -- said of certain Foraminifera.

Porcelanite <Xpage=1115>

Por"ce*la*nite (?) , n. [Cf. F. porcelanite .] (Min.) A semivitrified clay or shale, somewhat resembling jasper; -- called also porcelain jasper .

Porcelanous, Porcellanous <Xpage=1115>

Por"ce*la`nous (?) , Por"cel*la`nous (?) , a. Porcelaneous.

Ure.

Porch <Xpage=1115>

Porch (?) , n. [F. porche , L. porticus , fr. porta a gate, entrance, or passage. See Port a gate, and cf. Portico .] 1. (Arch.) A covered and inclosed entrance to a building, whether taken from the interior, and forming a sort of vestibule within the main wall, or projecting without and with a separate roof. Sometimes the porch is large enough to serve as a covered walk. See also Carriage porch , under Carriage , and Loggia .

The graceless Helen in the porch I spied Of Vesta's temple. Dryden.

2. A portico; a covered walk. [Obs.]

Repair to Pompey's porch , where you shall find find us. Shak.

The Porch , a public portico, or great hall, in Athens, where Zeno, the philosopher, taught his disciples; hence, sometimes used as equivalent to the school of the Stoics . It was called "h poiki`lh stoa` . [See Poicile .]

Porcine <Xpage=1115>

Por"cine (?) , a. [L. porcinus , from porcus a swine. See Pork .] Of or pertaining to swine; characteristic of the hog. " Porcine cheeks."

G. Eliot.

Porcupine <Xpage=1115>

Por"cu*pine (?) , n. [OE. porkepyn , porpentine , OF. porc-espi , F. porc-\'82pic (cf. It. porco spino , porco spinoso , Sp. puerco espino , puerco espin , fr. L. porcus swine + spina thorn, spine). The last part of the French word is perhaps a corruption from the It. or Sp.; cf. F. \'82pi ear, a spike of grain, L. spica . See Pork , Spike a large nail, Spine .] 1. (Zo\'94l.) Any Old Word rodent of the genus Hystrix , having the back covered with long, sharp, erectile spines or quills, sometimes a foot long. The common species of Europe and Asia ( Hystrix cristata ) is the best known.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Any species of Erethizon and related genera, native of America. They are related to the true porcupines, but have shorter spines, and are arboreal in their habits. The Canada porcupine ( Erethizon dorsatus ) is a well known species.

Porcupine ant-eater (Zo\'94l.) , the echidna. -- Porcupine crab (Zo\'94l.) , a large spiny Japanese crab ( Acantholithodes hystrix ). -- Porcupine disease (Med.) . See Ichthyosis . -- Porcupine fish (Zo\'94l.) , any plectognath fish having the body covered with spines which become erect when the body is inflated. See Diodon , and Globefish . -- Porcupine grass (Bot.) , a grass ( Stipa spartea ) with grains bearing a stout twisted awn, which, by coiling and uncoiling through changes in moisture, propels the sharp-pointed and barbellate grain into the wool and flesh of sheep. It is found from Illinois westward. See Illustration in Appendix. -- Porcupine wood (Bot.) , the hard outer wood of the cocoa palm; -- so called because, when cut horizontally, the markings of the wood resemble the quills of a porcupine.

Pore <Xpage=1115>

Pore (?) , n. [F., fr. L. porus , Gr. <?/ a passage, a pore. See Fare , v. ] 1. One of the minute orifices in an animal or vegetable membrane, for transpiration, absorption, etc.

2. A minute opening or passageway; an interstice between the constituent particles or molecules of a body; as, the pores of stones .

Pore <Xpage=1115>

Pore , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Pored (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Poring .] [OE. poren , of uncertain origin; cf. D. porren to poke, thrust, Gael. purr .] To look or gaze steadily in reading or studying; to fix the attention; to be absorbed; -- often with on or upon , and now usually with over . "Painfully to pore upon a book."

Shak.

The eye grows weary with poring perpetually on the same thing. Dryden.

Poreblind <Xpage=1115>

Pore"blind` (?) , a. [Probably influenced by pore , v. See Purblind .] Nearsighted; shortsighted; purblind. [Obs.]

Bacon.

Porer <Xpage=1115>

Por"er (?) , n. One who pores.

Porgy <Xpage=1115>

Por"gy (?) , n. ; pl. Porgies (#) . [See Paugie .] (Zo\'94l.) (a) The scup. (b) The sailor's choice, or pinfish. (c) The margate fish. (d) The spadefish. (e) Any one of several species of embiotocoids, or surf fishes, of the Pacific coast. The name is also given locally to several other fishes, as the bur fish. [Written also porgee , porgie , and paugy .]

Porifera <Xpage=1115>

Po*rif"e*ra (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. L. porus pore + ferre to bear.] (Zo\'94l.) A grand division of the Invertebrata, including the sponges; -- called also Spongi\'91 , Spongida , and Spongiozoa . The principal divisions are Calcispongi\'91, Keratosa or Fibrospongi\'91, and Silicea.

Poriferan <Xpage=1115>

Po*rif"er*an (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Polifera.

Poriferata <Xpage=1115>

Po*rif`e*ra"ta (?) , n. pl. [NL.] The Polifera.

Poriform <Xpage=1115>

Po"ri*form (?) , a. [L. porus pore + -form : cf. F. poriforme .] Resembling a pore, or small puncture.

Porime <Xpage=1115>

Po"rime (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ practicable.] (Math.) A theorem or proposition so easy of demonstration as to be almost self-evident. [R.]

Crabb.

Poriness <Xpage=1115>

Por"i*ness (?) , n. Porosity.

Wiseman.

Porism <Xpage=1115>

Po"rism (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ a thing procured, a deduction from a demonstration, fr. <?/ to bring, provide: cf. F. porisme .] 1. (Geom.) A proposition affirming the possibility of finding such conditions as will render a certain determinate problem indeterminate or capable of innumerable solutions.

Playfair.

2. (Gr. Geom.) A corollary.

Brande & C.

&hand; Three books of porisms of Euclid have been lost, but several attempts to determine the nature of these propositions and to restore them have been made by modern geometers.

Porismatic, Porismatical <Xpage=1115>

Po`ris*mat"ic (?) , Po`ris*mat"ic*al (?) , a. Of or pertaining to a porism; poristic.

Poristic, Poristical <Xpage=1115>

Po*ris"tic (?) , Po*ris"tic*al (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ for providing, <?/ provided.] Of or pertaining to a porism; of the nature of a porism.

Porite <Xpage=1115>

Po"rite (?) , n. [Cf. F. porite . See Pore , n. ] (Zo\'94l.) Any coral of the genus Porites, or family Poritid\'91 .

Porites <Xpage=1115>

Po*ri"tes (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ a pore.] (Zo\'94l.) An important genus of reef-building corals having small twelve-rayed calicles, and a very porous coral. Some species are branched, others grow in large massive or globular forms.

Pork <Xpage=1115>

Pork (?) , n. [F. porc , L. porcus hog, pig. See Farrow a litter of pigs, and cf. Porcelain , Porpoise .] The flesh of swine, fresh or salted, used for food.

Porker <Xpage=1115>

Pork"er (?) , n. A hog.

Pope.

Porket <Xpage=1115>

Pork"et (?) , n. [Dim. of F. porc . See Pork .] A young hog; a pig. [R.]

Dryden. W. Howitt.

Porkling <Xpage=1115>

Pork"ling (?) , n. A pig; a porket.

Tusser.

Porkwood <Xpage=1115>