Chapter 1167

Ple*och"ro*ism (?) , n. [Gr.<?/ mor<?/ + <?/ color.] (Crystallog.) The property possessed by some crystals, of showing different colors when viewed in the direction of different axes.

Pleochromatic <Xpage=1099>

Ple*och`ro*mat"ic (?) , a. Pleochroic.

Pleochromatism <Xpage=1099>

Ple`o*chro"ma*tism (?) , n. Pleochroism.

Pleochroous <Xpage=1099>

Ple*och"ro*ous (?) , a. Pleochroic.

Pleomorphic <Xpage=1099>

Ple`o*mor"phic (?) , a. Pertaining to pleomorphism; as, the pleomorphic character of bacteria .

Pleomorphism <Xpage=1099>

Ple`o*mor"phism (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ more + <?/ form.] 1. (Crystallog.) The property of crystallizing under two or more distinct fundamental forms, including dimorphism and trimorphism .

2. (Biol.) The theory that the various genera of bacteria are phases or variations of growth of a number of Protean species, each of which may exhibit, according to undetermined conditions, all or some of the forms characteristic of the different genera and species. <-- thoroughly discredited, except for a few apparent examples of such a phenomenon. -->

Pleomorphous <Xpage=1099>

Ple`o*mor"phous (?) , a. Having the property of pleomorphism.

Pleonasm <Xpage=1099>

Ple"o*nasm , (<?/) n. [L. pleonasmus , Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to be more than enough, to abound, fr.<?/, neut. of <?/, more, compar. of <?/ much. See Full , a., and cf. Poly- , Plus .] (Rhet.) Redundancy of language in speaking or writing; the use of more words than are necessary to express the idea; as, I saw it with my own eyes .

Pleonast <Xpage=1099>

Ple"o*nast (?) , n. One who is addicted to pleonasm. [R.]

C. Reade.

Pleonaste <Xpage=1099>

Ple"o*naste , n. [Gr.<?/ abundant, rich; cf. F. pl \'82 onaste .] (Min.) A black variety of spinel.

Pleonastic, Pleonastical <Xpage=1099>

Ple`o*nas"tic (?) , Ple`o*nas"tic*al (?) , a. [Cf. F. pl\'82onastique .] Of or pertaining to pleonasm; of the nature of pleonasm; redundant.

Pleonastically <Xpage=1099>

Ple`o*nas"tic*al*ly , adv. In a pleonastic manner.

Pleopod <Xpage=1099>

Ple"o*pod (?) , n. ; pl. E. Pleopods (#) , L. Pleopoda (#) . [Gr. <?/ to swim + -pod .] (Zo\'94l.) One of the abdominal legs of a crustacean. See Illust . under Crustacea .

Plerome <Xpage=1099>

Ple"rome (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ that which fills up, fr. <?/ to fill.] (Bot.) The central column of parenchyma in a growing stem or root.

Plerophory <Xpage=1099>

Ple*roph"o*ry (?) , n. [Gr. <?/; <?/ full + <?/ to bear.] Fullness; full persuasion. "A plerophory of assurance."

Bp. Hall.

Plesance <Xpage=1099>

Ples"ance (?) , n. Pleasance. [Obs.] Chaucer .

Plesh <Xpage=1099>

Plesh (?) , n. A pool; a plash. [Obs.] Spenser .

Plesimorphism <Xpage=1099>

Ple`si*mor"phism (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ near + <?/ form.] (Crystallog.) The property possessed by some substances of crystallizing in closely similar forms while unlike in chemical composition.

Plesiomorphous <Xpage=1099>

Ple`si*o*mor"phous (?) , a. Nearly alike in form.

Plesiosaur <Xpage=1099>

Ple"si*o*saur (?) , n. (Paleon.) One of the Plesiosauria.

Plesiosauria <Xpage=1099>

Ple`si*o*sau"ri*a (?) , n. pl. [NL. See Plesiosaurus .] (Paleon.) An extinct order of Mesozoic marine reptiles including the genera Plesiosaurus, and allied forms; -- called also Sauropterygia .

Plesiosaurian <Xpage=1099>

Ple`si*o*sau"ri*an (?) , n. (Paleon.) A plesiosaur.

Plesiosaurus <Xpage=1099>

Ple`si*o*sau"rus (?) , n. ; pl. Plesiosauri (#) . [NL., fr. Gr <?/ near + <?/ a lizard.] (Paleon.) A genus of large extinct marine reptiles, having a very long neck, a small head, and paddles for swimming. It lived in the Mesozoic age.

Plessimeter <Xpage=1099>

Ples*sim"e*ter (?) , n. See Pleximeter .

Plete <Xpage=1099>

Plete (?) , v. t. & i. To plead. [Obs.]

P. Plowman.

Plethora <Xpage=1099>

Pleth"o*ra (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to be or become full. Cf. Pleonasm .] 1. Overfullness; especially, excessive fullness of the blood vessels; repletion; that state of the blood vessels or of the system when the blood exceeds a healthy standard in quantity; hyper\'91mia; -- opposed to an\'91mia .

2. State of being overfull; excess; superabundance.

He labors under a plethora of wit and imagination. Jeffrey.

Plethoretic <Xpage=1099>

Pleth`o*ret"ic (?) , a. Plethoric. [Obs.]

Johnson.

Plethoric <Xpage=1099>

Ple*thor"ic (?) , a. [Gr. <?/; cf. F. pl\'82thorique .] Haeving a full habit of body; characterized by plethora or excess of blood; as, a plethoric constitution ; -- used also metaphorically. " Plethoric phrases." Sydney Smith . " Plethoric fullness of thought." De Quincey .

Plethorical <Xpage=1099>

Ple*thor"ic*al (?) , a. Plethoric. [R.] -- Ple*thor"ic*al*ly , adv.

Burke.

Plethory <Xpage=1099>

Pleth"o*ry (?) , n. Plethora.

Jer. Taylor.

Plethron, Plethrum <Xpage=1099>

Pleth"ron (?) , Pleth"rum (?) , n. ; pl. Plethra (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/.] (Gr. Antiq.) A long measure of 100 Greek, or 101 English, feet; also, a square measure of 10,000 Greek feet.

Plethysmograph <Xpage=1099>

Pleth"ys*mo*graph (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ an enlargement + -graph .] (Physiol.) An instrument for determining and registering the variations in the size or volume of a limb, as the arm or leg, and hence the variations in the amount of blood in the limb.

-- Pleth`ys*mo*graph"ic (#) , a.

<-- p. 1100 -->

<-- p. 100 -->

Plethysmography <Xpage=100>

Pleth`ys*mog"ra*phy (?) , n. (Physiol.) The study, by means of the plethysmograph, of the variations in size of a limb, and hence of its blood supply.

Pleura <Xpage=100>

Pleu"ra (?) , n. , pl. of Pleuron .

Pleura <Xpage=100>

Pleu"ra , n. ; pl. L. Pleur\'91 (#) , E. Pleuras (#) . [NL., n. fem. , fr. Gr. <?/ a rib, the side.] 1. (Anat.) (a) The smooth serous membrane which closely covers the lungs and the adjacent surfaces of the thorax; the pleural membrane. (b) The closed sac formed by the pleural membrane about each lung, or the fold of membrane connecting each lung with the body wall.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Pleuron .

Pleural <Xpage=100>

Pleu"ral (?) , a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the pleura or pleur\'91, or to the sides of the thorax.

Pleuralgia <Xpage=100>

Pleu*ral"gi*a (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ rib + <?/ pain.] (Med.) Pain in the side or region of the ribs.

Pleurapophysis <Xpage=100>

Pleu`ra*poph"y*sis (?) , n. ; pl. Pleurapophyses (#) . [NL. See Pleura , and Apophysis .] (Anat.) One of the ventral processes of a vertebra, or the dorsal element in each half of a hemal arch, forming, or corresponding to, a vertebral rib. -- Pleu*rap`o*phys"i*al (#) , a.

Owen.

Pleurenchyma <Xpage=100>

Pleu*ren"chy*ma (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ side + <?/, as in parenchyma .] (Bot.) A tissue consisting of long and slender tubular cells, of which wood is mainly composed.

Pleuric <Xpage=100>

Pleu"ric (?) , a. (Anat.) Pleural.

Pleurisy <Xpage=100>

Pleu"ri*sy (?) , n. [F. pleur\'82sie , L. pleurisis , pleuritis , Gr pleyri^tis (sc. no`sos ), fr. pleyra` rib, side.] (Med.) An inflammation of the pleura, usually accompanied with fever, pain, difficult respiration, and cough, and with exudation into the pleural cavity.

Pleurisy root . (Bot.) (a) The large tuberous root of a kind of milkweed ( Asclepias tuberosa ) which is used as a remedy for pleuritic and other diseases . (b) The plant itself, which has deep orange-colored flowers; -- called also butterfly weed .

Pleurite <Xpage=100>

Pleu"rite (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) Same as Pleuron .

Pleuritic, Pleuritical <Xpage=100>

Pleu*rit"ic (?) , Pleu*rit"ic*al (?) , a. [L. pleuriticus , Gr. <?/: cf. F. pleur\'82tique .] (Med.) (a) Of or pertaining to pleurisy; as, pleuritic symptoms . (b) Suffering from pleurisy.

Pleuritis <Xpage=100>

Pleu*ri"tis (?) , n. [L.] (Med.) Pleurisy.

Pleuro- <Xpage=100>

Pleu"ro- (?) . [See Pleura .] A combining form denoting relation to a side ; specif., connection with , or situation in or near , the pleura ; as, pleuro peritoneum .

Pleurobrachia <Xpage=100>

Pleu`ro*brach"i*a (?) , n. [NL. See Pleuro- , and Brachium .] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of ctenophores having an ovate body and two long plumose tentacles.

Pleurobranch <Xpage=100>

Pleu"ro*branch (?) , n. [See Pleuro- , and Branchia .] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of the gills of a crustacean that is attached to the side of the thorax.

Pleurobranchia <Xpage=100>

Pleu`ro*bran"chi*a (?) , n. ; pl. Pleuroeranchi\'91 (#) . [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Pleurobranch .

Pleurocarp <Xpage=100>

Pleu"ro*carp (?) , n. [ Pleuro- + Gr. <?/ fruit.] (Bot.) Any pleurocarpic moss.

Pleurocarpic, Pleurocarpous <Xpage=100>

Pleu`ro*car"pic (?) , Pleu`ro*car"pous (?) , a. (Bot.) Side-fruited; -- said of those true mosses in which the pedicels or the capsules are from lateral archegonia; -- opposed to acrocarpous .

Pleurocentrum <Xpage=100>

Pleu`ro*cen"trum (?) , n. [NL. see Pleuro- , and Centrum .] (Anat.) One of the lateral elements in the centra of the vertebr\'91 in some fossil batrachians.

Pluroderes <Xpage=100>

Plu*rod"e*res (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ the side + <?/ the neck.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of fresh-water turtles in which the neck can not be retracted, but is bent to one side, for protection. The matamata is an example.

Pleurodont <Xpage=100>

Pleu"ro*dont (?) , a. [ Pleuro- + Gr. <?/, <?/, a tooth.] (Anat.) Having the teeth consolidated with the inner edge of the jaw, as in some lizards.

Pleurodont <Xpage=100>

Pleu"ro*dont , n. (Zo\'94l.) Any lizard having pleurodont teeth.

Pleurodynia <Xpage=100>

Pleu`ro*dyn"i*a (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ side + <?/ pain.] (Med.) A painful affection of the side, simulating pleurisy, usually due to rheumatism.

Pleuron <Xpage=100>

Pleu"ron (?) , n. ; pl. Pleura (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ a rib.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) One of the sides of an animal. (b) One of the lateral pieces of a somite of an insect . (c) One of lateral processes of a somite of a crustacean.

Pleuronectoid <Xpage=100>

Pleu`ro*nec"toid (?) , a. [NL. Pleuronectes , name of a genus (fr. Gr. <?/ rib + <?/ a swimmer) + -oid .] (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the Pleuronectid\'91 , or Flounder family.

Pleuropericardial <Xpage=100>

Pleu`ro*per`i*car"di*al (?) , a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the pleura and pericardium.

Pleuroperipneumony <Xpage=100>

Pleu`ro*per`ip*neu"mo*ny (?) , n. [ Pleuro- + peripneumony .] (Med.) Pleuropneumonia.

Pleuroperitoneal <Xpage=100>

Pleu`ro*per`i*to*ne"al (?) , a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the pleural and peritoneal membranes or cavities, or to the pleuroperitoneum.

Pleuroperitoneum <Xpage=100>

Pleu`ro*per`i*to*ne"um (?) , n. [ Pleuro- + peritoneum .] (Anat.) The pleural and peritoneal membranes, or the membrane lining the body cavity and covering the surface of the inclosed viscera; the peritoneum; -- used especially in the case of those animals in which the body cavity is not divided.

&hand; Peritoneum is now often used in the sense of pleuroperitoneum , the pleur\'91 being regarded as a part of the peritoneum, when the body cavity is undivided.

Pleuropneumonia <Xpage=100>

Pleu`ro*pneu*mo"ni*a (?) , n. [ Pleuro- + pneumonia .] (Med.) Inflammation of the pleura and lungs; a combination of pleurisy and pneumonia, esp. a kind of contagions and fatal lung plague of cattle.

Pleuroptera <Xpage=100>

Pleu*rop"te*ra (?) , n. pl [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ side + <?/ wing.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of Isectivora, including the colugo.

Pleurosigma <Xpage=100>

Pleu`ro*sig"ma (?) , n. [NL. See Pleuro- , and Sigma .] (Bot.) A genus of diatoms of elongated elliptical shape, but having the sides slightly curved in the form of a letter S . Pleurosigma angulatum has very fine striations, and is a favorite object for testing the high powers of microscopes.

Pleurosteon <Xpage=100>

Pleu*ros"te*on (?) , n. ; pl. L. Pleurostea (#) , E. -ons (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ a rib + <?/ a bone.] (Anat.) The antero-lateral piece which articulates the sternum of birds.

Pleurothotonus <Xpage=100>

Pleu`ro*thot"o*nus (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ from the side + <?/ a stretching.] (Med.) A species of tetanus, in which the body is curved laterally.

Quain. Dunglison.

Pleurotoma <Xpage=100>

Pleu*rot"o*ma (?) , n. ; pl. L. Pleurotom\'91 (#) , E. Pleurotomas (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ the side + <?/ a cut.] (Zo\'94l.) Any marine gastropod belonging to Pleurotoma , and ether allied genera of the family Pleurotmid\'91 . The species are very numerous, especially in tropical seas. The outer lip has usually a posterior notch or slit.

Plevin <Xpage=100>

Plev"in (?) , n. [OF. plevine . See Replevin .] A warrant or assurance. [Obs.]

Plexiform <Xpage=100>

Plex"i*form (?) , a. [ Plexus + -form : cf. F. Plexiforme .] Like network; complicated. <-- sic. no det. -->

Quincy.

Pleximeter <Xpage=100>

Plex*im"e*ter (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ stroke, percussion (from <?/ to strike) + -meter .] (Med.) A small, hard, elastic plate, as of ivory, bone, or rubber, placed in contact with body to receive the blow, in examination by mediate percussion. [Written also plexometer .]

Plexure <Xpage=100>

Plex"ure (?) , n. [See Plexus .] The act or process of weaving together, or interweaving; that which is woven together.

H. Brooke.

Plexus <Xpage=100>

Plex"us (?) , n. ; pl. L. Plexus , E. Plexuses (#) . [L., a twining, braid, fr. plectere , plexum , to twine, braid.] 1. (Anat.) A network of vessels, nerves, or fibers.

2. (Math.) The system of equations required for the complete expression of the relations which exist between a set of quantities.

Brande & C.

Pley <Xpage=100>

Pley (?) , v. & n. See Play . [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Pley <Xpage=100>

Pley (?) , a. Full See Plein . [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Pleyt <Xpage=100>

Pleyt (?) , n. (Naut.) An old term for a river boat.

Pliability <Xpage=100>

Pli`a*bil"i*ty (?) , n. The quality or state of being pliable; flexibility; as, pliability of disposition . " Pliability of movement."

Sir W. Scott.

Pliable <Xpage=100>

Pli"a*ble (?) , a. [F., fr. plier to bend, to fold. See Ply , v. ] 1. Capable of being plied, turned, or bent; easy to be bent; flexible; pliant; supple; limber; yielding; as, willow is a pliable plant .

2. Flexible in disposition; readily yielding to influence, arguments, persuasion, or discipline; easy to be persuaded; -- sometimes in a bad sense; as, a pliable youth . " Pliable she promised to be."

Dr. H. More.

-- Pli"a*ble*ness , n. -- Pli"a*bly , adv.

Pliancy <Xpage=100>

Pli"an*cy (?) , n. The quality or state of being pliant in sense; as, the pliancy of a rod . "Avaunt all specious pliancy of mind."

Wordsworth.

Pliant <Xpage=100>

Pli"ant (?) , a. [F. pliant , p. pr. of plier to bend. See Ply , v. ] 1. Capable of plying or bending; readily yielding to force or pressure without breaking; flexible; pliable; lithe; limber; plastic; as, a pliant thread; pliant wax . Also used figuratively: Easily influenced for good or evil; tractable; as, a pliant heart .

The will was then ductile and pliant to right reason. South.

2. Favorable to pliancy. [R.] "A pliant hour."

Shak.

-- Pli"ant*ly , adv. -- Pli"ant*ness , n.

Plica <Xpage=100>

Pli"ca (?) , n. [LL., a fold, fr. L. plicare to fold. See Ply , v. ] 1. (Med.) A disease of the hair ( Plica polonica ), in which it becomes twisted and matted together. The disease is of Polish origin, and is hence called also Polish plait .

Dunglison.

2. (Bot.) A diseased state in plants in which there is an excessive development of small entangled twigs, instead of ordinary branches.

3. (Zo\'94l.) The bend of the wing of a bird.

Plicate, Plicated <Xpage=100>

Pli"cate (?) , Pli"ca*ted (?) , a. [L. plicatus , p. p. of plicare to fold.] Plaited; folded like a fan; as, a plicate leaf . -- Pli"cate*ly (#) , adv.

Plication <Xpage=100>

Pli*ca"tion (?) , n. A folding or fold; a plait.

Richardson.

Plicature <Xpage=100>

Plic"a*ture (?) , n. [L. plicatura , fr. plicare to fold.] A fold; a doubling; a plication.

Dr. H. More.

Plicidentine <Xpage=100>

Plic`i*den"tine (?) , n. [LL. plica fold + E. dentine .] (Anat.) A form of dentine which shows sinuous lines of structure in a transverse section of the tooth.

Plied <Xpage=100>

Plied (?) , imp. & p. p. of Ply .

Pliers <Xpage=100>