Chapter 1146

Phrenomagnetism <Xpage=1080>

Phre`no*mag"net*ism (?) , n. [Gr. <?/, <?/, the mind + E. magnetism .] The power of exciting the organs of the brain by magnetic or mesmeric influence.

Phrenosin <Xpage=1080>

Phre"no*sin (?) , n. [See Phrenic .] (Physiol. Chem.) A nitrogenous body, related to cerebrin, supposed to exist in the brain.

Phrensied <Xpage=1080>

Phren"sied (?) , p. p. & a. See Frenzied .

Phrensy <Xpage=1080>

Phren"sy (?) , n. Violent and irrational excitement; delirium. See Frenzy .

Phrensy <Xpage=1080>

Phren"sy , v. t. To render frantic.

Phrentic <Xpage=1080>

Phren"tic (?) , n. & a. See Phrenetic . [Obs.]

Phryganeid <Xpage=1080>

Phry*ga"ne*id (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) Any insect belonging to the Phryganeides.

Phryganeides <Xpage=1080>

Phryg`a*ne"i*des (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Phryganea , the typical genus, fr. Gr. <?/ a dry stick.] (Zo\'94l.) A tribe of neuropterous insects which includes the caddice flies; -- called also Trichoptera . See Trichoptera . [Written also Phryganides .]

Phrygian <Xpage=1080>

Phryg"i*an (?) , a. [L. Phrygius , Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ Phrygia, a country of Asia Minor.] Of or pertaining to Phrygia, or to its inhabitants.

Phrygian mode (Mus.) , one of the ancient Greek modes, very bold and vehement in style; -- so called because fabled to have been invented by the Phrygian Marsyas. Moore (Encyc. of Music) . -- Phrygian stone , a light, spongy stone, resembling a pumice, -- used by the ancients in dyeing, and said to be drying and astringent.

Phrygian <Xpage=1080>

Phryg"i*an , n. 1. A native or inhabitant of Phrygia.

2. (Eccl. Hist.) A Montanist.

Phthalate <Xpage=1080>

Phthal"ate (?) , n. (Chem.) A salt of phthalic acid.

Phthalein <Xpage=1080>

Phthal"e*in (?) , n. [See Phthalic .] (Chem.) One of a series of artificial organic dyes made as condensation products of the phenols with phthalic acid, and well represented by phenol phthale\'8bn. Their alkaline solutions are fluorescent.

Phenol phthalein , a white or yellowish white crystalline substance made from phthalic acid and phenol. Its solution in alkalies is brilliant red, but is decolorized by acids, and as this reaction is exceedingly delicate it is used as an indicator.

Phthalic <Xpage=1080>

Phthal"ic (?) , a. [Na phthal ene + -ic .] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a dibasic acid obtained by the oxidation of naphthalene and allied substances.

Phthalic acid (Chem.) , a white crystalline substance, C6H4.(CO2H)2 , analogous to benzoic acid, and employed in the brilliant dyestuffs called the phthaleins.

Phthalide <Xpage=1080>

Phthal"ide (?) , n. [ Phthal yl + anhydr ide .] (Chem.) A lactone obtained by reduction of phthalyl chloride, as a white crystalline substance; hence, by extension, any one of the series of which phthalide proper is the type. [Written also phthalid .] <-- phthalic anhydride? would be classed as an acid anhydride, rather than a lactone. Obtained commercially by a different process. -->

Phthalimide <Xpage=1080>

Phthal"i*mide (?) , n. [ Phthal ic + imide .] (Chem.) An imido derivative of phthalic acid, obtained as a white crystalline substance, C6H4.(CO)2NH , which has itself (like succinimide) acid properties, and forms a series of salts. Cf. Imido acid , under Imido .

Phthalin <Xpage=1080>

Phthal"in (?) , n. (Chem.) A colorless crystalline substance obtained by reduction from phthale\'8bn, into which it is easily converted by oxidation; hence, any one of the series of which phthalin proper is the type.

Phthalyl <Xpage=1080>

Phthal"yl (?) , n. [ Phthal ic + -yl .] (Chem.) The hypothetical radical of phthalic acid. <-- now usu. pthaloyl -->

Phthiriasis <Xpage=1080>

Phthi*ri"a*sis (?) , n. [L., fr. Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ louse.] (Med.) A disease ( morbus pediculous ) consisting in the excessive multiplication of lice on the human body.

Phthisic <Xpage=1080>

Phthis"ic (?) , n. Same as Phthisis .

Phthisical <Xpage=1080>

Phthis"ic*al (?) , a. [L. phthisicus , Gr. <?/: cf. F. phthisique . See Phthisis .] Of or pertaining to phthisis; affected with phthisis; wasting; consumptive.

Phthisicky <Xpage=1080>

Phthis"ick*y (?) , a. Having phthisis, or some symptom of it, as difficulty in breathing.

Phthisiology <Xpage=1080>

Phthis`i*ol"o*gy (?) , n. [ Phthisis + -logy .] (Med.) A treatise on phthisis.

Dunglison.

Phthisipneumonia, Phthisipneumony <Xpage=1080>

Phthis`ip*neu*mo"ni*a (?) , Phthis`ip*neu"mo*ny (?) , n. [NL. See Phthisis , Pneumonia .] (Med.) Pulmonary consumption.

Phthisis <Xpage=1080>

Phthi"sis (?) , n. [L., fr. Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to pass or waste away: cf. F. phthisie .] (Med.) A wasting or consumption of the tissues. The term was formerly applied to many wasting diseases, but is now usually restricted to pulmonary phthisis, or consumption. See Consumption .

Fibroid phthisis . See under Fibroid .

Phthongal <Xpage=1080>

Phthon"gal (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ voice.] Formed into, or characterized by, voice; vocalized; -- said of all the vowels and the semivowels, also of the vocal or sonant consonants g , d , b , l , r , v , z , etc.

Phthongal <Xpage=1080>

Phthon"gal , n. A vocalized element or letter.

Phthongometer <Xpage=1080>

Phthon*gom"e*ter (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ voice + -meter .] An instrument for measuring vocal sounds.

Whewell.

Phthor <Xpage=1080>

Phthor (?) , n. [F. phthore , Gr. <?/ to destroy.] (Old Chem.) Fluorine. [Written also phthor .]

Phycite <Xpage=1080>

Phy"cite (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ seaweed.] (Chem.) See Erythrite , 1.

Phycochrome <Xpage=1080>

Phy"co*chrome (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ seaweed + <?/ color.] (Bot.) A bluish green coloring matter of certain alg\'91.

Phycocyanin, Phycocyanine <Xpage=1080>

Phy`co*cy"a*nin (?) , Phy`co*cy"a*nine (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ seaweed + E. cyanin .] A blue coloring matter found in certain alg\'91.

Phycoerythrin, Phycoerythrine <Xpage=1080>

Phy`co*e*ryth"rin (?) , Phy`co*e*ryth"rine (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ seaweed + E. erythrin , -ine .] A red coloring matter found in alg\'91 of the subclass Floride\'91 .

Phycography <Xpage=1080>

Phy*cog"ra*phy (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ seaweed + -graphy .] A description of seaweeds.

Phycology <Xpage=1080>

Phy*col"o*gy (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ seaweed + -logy .] The science of alg\'91, or seaweeds; algology.

Phycomater <Xpage=1080>

Phy`co*ma"ter (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ seaweed + L. mater mother.] (Bot.) A gelatin in which the alg\'91 spores have been supposed to vegetate.

Phycoph\'91ine <Xpage=1080>

Phy`co*ph\'91"ine (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ seaweed + (<?/) dusky.] A brown coloring matter found in certain alg\'91.

Phycoxanthin, Phycoxanthine <Xpage=1080>

Phy`co*xan"thin (?) , Phy`co*xan"thine (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ seaweed + <?/ yellow.] A yellowish coloring matter found in certain alg\'91.

Phylacter <Xpage=1080>

Phy*lac"ter (?) , n. A phylactery.

Sandys.

Phylactered <Xpage=1080>

Phy*lac"tered (?) , a. Wearing a phylactery.

Phylacteric, Phylacterical <Xpage=1080>

Phyl`ac*ter"ic (?) , Phyl`ac*ter"ic*al (?) , a. Of or pertaining to phylacteries.

Phylactery <Xpage=1080>

Phy*lac"ter*y (?) , n. ; pl. Phylacteries (#) . [OE. filateri , OF. filatire , filatiere , F. phylact\'8are , L. phylacterium , Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ a watcher, guard, <?/ to watch, guard. Cf. Philatory .] 1. Any charm or amulet worn as a preservative from danger or disease.

2. A small square box, made either of parchment or of black calfskin, containing slips of parchment or vellum on which are written the scriptural passages Exodus xiii. 2-10, and 11-17, Deut. vi. 4-9, 13-22. They are worn by Jews on the head and left arm, on week-day mornings, during the time of prayer.

Schaff-Herzog Encyc.

3. Among the primitive Christians, a case in which the relics of the dead were inclosed.

Phylactocarp <Xpage=1080>

Phy*lac"to*carp (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ to guard + <?/ fruit.] (Zo\'94l.) A branch of a plumularian hydroid specially modified in structure for the protection of the gonothec\'91.

Phylactol\'91ma, Phylactol\'91mata <Xpage=1080>

Phy*lac`to*l\'91"ma (?) , Phy*lac`to*l\'91"ma*ta (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ to guard + <?/ the gullet.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of fresh-water Bryozoa in which the tentacles are arranged on a horseshoe-shaped lophophore, and the mouth is covered by an epistome. Called also Lophopoda , and hippocrepians .

Phylactol\'91matous <Xpage=1080>

Phy*lac`to*l\'91"ma*tous (?) , a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Phylactol\'91ma.

Phylactolema, Phylactolemata <Xpage=1080>

Phy*lac`to*le"ma (?) , Phy*lac`to*le"ma*ta (?) , n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Phylactol\'91ma .

Phylarch <Xpage=1080>

Phy"larch (?) , n. [L. phylarchus , Gr. <?/. See Phyle , and -arch .] (Gr. Antiq.) The chief of a phyle, or tribe.

Phylarchy <Xpage=1080>

Phy"larch*y (?) , n. [Gr. <?/.] The office of a phylarch; government of a class or tribe.

Phyle <Xpage=1080>

Phy"le (?) , n. ; pl. Phyl\'91 (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ a body of men united by ties of blood or habitation.] A local division of the people in ancient Athens; a clan; a tribe.

Phyllite <Xpage=1080>

Phyl"lite (?) , n. [See Phylo- .] (Min.) (a) A mineral related to ottrelite. (b) Clay slate; argillaceous schist.

Phyllo- <Xpage=1080>

Phyl"lo- (?) . A combining form from Gr. <?/ a leaf ; as, phyllo pod, phyllo taxy .

Phyllobranchia <Xpage=1080>

Phyl`lo*bran"chi*a (?) , n. ; pl. Phyllobranci\'91 (#) . [NL. See Phyllo- , and Branchia .] (Zo\'94l.) A crustacean gill composed of lamell\'91.

Phyllocladium <Xpage=1080>

Phyl`lo*cla"di*um (?) , n. ; pl. Phyllocladia (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ a leaf + <?/ a sprout.] (Bot.) A flattened stem or branch which more or less resembles a leaf, and performs the function of a leaf as regards respiration and assimilation.

Phyllocyanin <Xpage=1080>

Phyl`lo*cy"a*nin (?) , n. [ Phyllo- + cyanin .] (Chem.) A blue coloring matter extracted from chlorophyll. [Written also phyllocyanine .]

Phyllocyst <Xpage=1080>

Phyl"lo*cyst (?) , n. [ Phyllo- + cyst .] (Zo\'94l.) The cavity of a hydrophyllium.

Phyllode <Xpage=1080>

Phyl"lode (?) , n. (Bot.) Same as Phyllodium .

Phyllodineous <Xpage=1080>

Phyl`lo*din"eous (?) , a. (Bot.) Having phyllodia; relating to phyllodia.

Phyllodium <Xpage=1080>

Phyl*lo"di*um (?) , n. ; pl. Phyllodia (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ leaflike; <?/ leaf + <?/ form.] (Bot.) A petiole dilated into the form of a blade, and usually with vertical edges, as in the Australian acacias.

Phyllody <Xpage=1080>

Phyl"lo*dy (?) , n. [See Phyllodium .] (Bot.) A retrograde metamorphosis of the floral organs to the condition of leaves.

Phylloid <Xpage=1080>

Phyl"loid (?) , a. [ Phyllo- + -oid .] Resembling a leaf.

Phyllomania <Xpage=1080>

Phyl`lo*ma"ni*a (?) , n. [ Phyllo- + mania .] (Bot.) An abnormal or excessive production of leaves.

Phyllome <Xpage=1080>

Phyl"lome (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ foliage, fr. <?/ a leaf.] (Bot.) A foliar part of a plant; any organ homologous with a leaf, or produced by metamorphosis of a leaf.

Phyllomorphosis <Xpage=1080>

Phyl`lo*mor*pho"sis (?) , n. [NL. See Phyllo- , Morphosis .] (Bot.) The succession and variation of leaves during different seasons.

R. Brown.

Phyllophagan <Xpage=1080>

Phyl*loph"a*gan (?) , n. [ Phyllo- + Gr. <?/ to eat.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) One of a group of marsupials including the phalangists. (b) One of a tribe of beetles which feed upon the leaves of plants, as the chafers.

Phyllophagous <Xpage=1080>

Phyl*loph"a*gous (?) , a. (Zo\'94l.) Substituting on leaves; leaf-eating.

Phyllophorous <Xpage=1080>

Phyl*loph"o*rous (?) , a. [ Phyllo- + Gr. <?/ to bear.] (Bot.) Leaf-bearing; producing leaves.

Phyllopod <Xpage=1080>

Phyl"lo*pod (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Phyllopoda. [Also used adjectively.]

Phyllopoda <Xpage=1080>

Phyl*lop"o*da (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ a leaf + -poda .] (Zo\'94l.) An order of Entomostraca including a large number of species, most of which live in fresh water. They have flattened or leaflike legs, often very numerous, which they use in swimming. Called also Branchiopoda .

&hand; In some, the body is covered with a bivalve shell ( Holostraca ); in others, as Apus, by a shield-shaped carapace ( Monostraca ); in others, like Artemia, there is no carapace, and the body is regularly segmented. Sometimes the group is made to include also the Cladocera.

Phyllopodous <Xpage=1080>

Phyl*lop"o*dous (?) , a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the Phyllopoda.

Phyllorhine <Xpage=1080>

Phyl"lo*rhine (?) , a. [ Phyllo- + Gr. <?/, <?/, the nose.] (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to Phyllorhina and other related genera of bats that have a leaflike membrane around the nostrils.

Phyllosoma <Xpage=1080>

Phyl`lo*so"ma (?) , n. [NL. See Phyllo- , and -some body.] (Zo\'94l.) The larva of the spiny lobsters ( Palinurus and allied genera). Its body is remarkably thin, flat, and transparent; the legs are very long. Called also glass-crab , and glass-shrimp .

<page="1081"> Page 1081

Phyllostome <Xpage=1081>

Phyl"lo*stome (?) , n. [ Phyllo- + Gr. <?/ mouth.] (Zo\'94l.) Any bat of the genus Phyllostoma , or allied genera, having large membranes around the mouth and nose; a nose-leaf bat.

Phylloltomid <Xpage=1081>

Phyl*lol"to*mid (?) , n. A phyllostome.

Phyllotactic <Xpage=1081>

Phyl`lo*tac"tic (?) , a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to phyllotaxy.

Phyllotaxy, Phyllotaxis <Xpage=1081>

Phyl"lo*tax`y (?) , Phyl"lo*tax`is (?) , n. [ Phyllo- + Gr. <?/ order.] (Bot.) The order or arrangement of leaves on the stem; the science of the relative position of leaves.

Phyllous <Xpage=1081>

Phyl"lous (?) , a. (Bot.) Homologous with a leaf; as, the sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils are phyllous organs .

Phylloxanthin <Xpage=1081>

Phyl`lo*xan"thin (?) , n. [ Phyllo- + Gr. <?/ yellow.] (Bot.) A yellow coloring matter extracted from chlorophyll.

Phylloxera <Xpage=1081>

Phyl`lox*e"ra (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ leaf + <?/ dry.] 1. (Zo\'94l.) A small hemipterous insect ( Phylloxera vastatrix ) allied to the aphids. It attacks the roots and leaves of the grapevine, doing great damage, especially in Europe.

&hand; It exists in several forms, some of which are winged, other wingless. One form produces galls on the leaves and twigs, another affects the roots, causing galls or swellings, and often killing the vine.

2. The diseased condition of a vine caused by the insect just described.

Phylogenesis, Phylogeny <Xpage=1081>

Phy`lo*gen"e*sis (?) , Phy*log"e*ny (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ tribe + E. genesis , or root of Gr. <?/ to be born.] The history of genealogical development; the race history of an animal or vegetable type; the historic exolution of the phylon or tribe, in distinction from ontogeny , or the development of the individual organism, and from biogenesis , or life development generally.

Phylogenetic <Xpage=1081>

Phy*lo*ge*net"ic (?) , a. Relating to phylogenesis, or the race history of a type of organism. -- Phy*lo*ge*net"ic*al*ly (#) , adv.

Phylon <Xpage=1081>

Phy"lon (?) , n. ; pl. Phyla (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ race, tribe.] (Biol.) A tribe.

Phylum <Xpage=1081>

Phy"lum (?) , n. ; pl. Phyla (#) . [NL. See Phylon .] (Zo\'94l.) One of the larger divisions of the animal kingdom; a branch; a grand division.

Phyma <Xpage=1081>

Phy"ma (?) , n. ; pl. Phymata (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to produce.] (Med.) A tubercle on any external part of the body.

Physa <Xpage=1081>

Phy"sa (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ a bellows.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of fresh-water Pulmonifera, having reversed spiral shells. See Pond snail , under Pond .

Physalia <Xpage=1081>

Phy*sa"li*a (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ a bladder, fr. <?/ a bellows.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of large oceanic Siphonophora which includes the Portuguese man-of-war.

&hand; It has a large air sac, or float, with a sail-like crest on its upper side. Numerous zooids of different kinds are attached to the under side of the float. Some of the zooids have very long tentacles; some have a mouth and digest food; others produce gonophores. The American species ( Physalia arethusa ) is brilliantly colored, the float being pink or purple, and bright blue; the zooids blue. It is noted for its virulent stinging powers, as well as for its beautiful colors, graceful motions, and its ability to sail to windward.

Physali\'91 <Xpage=1081>

Phy*sa"li*\'91 (?) , n. pl. [NL.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of Siphonophora which includes Physalia.

Physemaria <Xpage=1081>

Phys`e*ma"ri*a (?) , n. pl. [NL., from Gr. <?/ a blowing.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of simple marine organisms, usually classed as the lowest of the sponges. They have inflated hollow bodies.

Physeter <Xpage=1081>