Chapter 1126

Pen"sive (?) , a. [F. pensif , fr. penser to think, fr. L. pensare to weigh, ponder, consider, v. intens. fr. pendere to weigh. See Pension , Poise .] 1. Thoughtful, sober, or sad; employed in serious reflection; given to, or favorable to, earnest or melancholy musing.

The pensive secrecy of desert cell. Milton.

Anxious cares the pensive nymph oppressed. Pope.

2. Expressing or suggesting thoughtfulness with sadness; as, pensive numbers .

Prior.

Pensived <Xpage=1061>

Pen"sived (?) , a. Made pensive. [R.]

Shak.

Pensively <Xpage=1061>

Pen"sive*ly (?) , adv. In a pensive manner.

Pensiveness <Xpage=1061>

Pen"sive*ness , n. The state of being pensive; serious thoughtfulness; seriousness.

Hooker.

Penstock <Xpage=1061>

Pen"stock (?) , n. [Etymol. uncertain; perh. fr. pen an inclosure + stock .] 1. A close conduit or pipe for conducting water, as, to a water wheel, or for emptying a pond, or for domestic uses.

2. The barrel of a wooden pump.

Pent <Xpage=1061>

Pent (?) , p. p. &or; a. [From Pen , v. t. ] Penned or shut up; confined; -- often with up .

Here in the body pent . J. Montgomery.

No pent-up Utica contracts your powers. J. M. Sewall.

Penta- <Xpage=1061>

Pen"ta- (?) . [Gr. <?/, a later combining form of <?/ five. See Five .] 1. A combining form denoting five ; as, penta capsular; penta gon.

2. (Chem.) Denoting the degree of five , either as regards quality, property, or composition; as, penta sulphide; pent oxide, etc. Also used adjectively.

Pentabasic <Xpage=1061>

Pen`ta*ba"sic (?) , a. [ Penta- + basic .] (Chem.) Capable of uniting with five molecules of a monacid base; having five acid hydrogen atoms capable of substitution by a basic radical; -- said of certain acids.

Pentacapsular <Xpage=1061>

Pen`ta*cap"su*lar (?) , a. [ Penta- + capsular .] (Bot.) Having five capsules.

Pentachenium <Xpage=1061>

Pen`ta*che"ni*um (?) , n. [NL. See Penta- , and Achenium .] (Bot.) A dry fruit composed of five carpels, which are covered by an epigynous calyx and separate at maturity.

Pentachloride <Xpage=1061>

Pen`ta*chlo"ride (?) , n. [ Penta- + chloride .] (Chem.) A chloride having five atoms of chlorine in each molecule.

Pentachord <Xpage=1061>

Pen"ta*chord (?) , n. [L. pentachordus five-stringed, Gr. <?/; <?/ five + <?/ string.] 1. An ancient instrument of music with five strings.

2. An order or system of five sounds.

Busby.

Pentacid <Xpage=1061>

Pen*tac"id (<?/) [ Penta- + acid .] (Chem.) Capable of neutralizing, or combining with, five molecules of a monobasic acid; having five hydrogen atoms capable of substitution by acid residues; -- said of certain complex bases.

Pentacle <Xpage=1061>

Pen"ta*cle (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ five.] A figure composed of two equilateral triangles intersecting so as to form a six-pointed star, -- used in early ornamental art, and also with superstitious import by the astrologers and mystics of the Middle Ages. <-- ?? Usually, it is a five-pointed star, also called a pentagram or pentalpha. See illustr. under pentalpha. The six-pointed is also called Solomon's seal; it resembles the star of David (Magen David) [not listed in the W1913] -->

Pentacoccous <Xpage=1061>

Pen`ta*coc"cous (?) , a. [See Penta- , Coccus .] (Bot.) Composed of five united carpels with one seed in each, as certain fruits.

Pentaconter <Xpage=1061>

Pen"ta*con`ter (?) , n. (Gr. Antiq.) See Penteconter .

Pentacrinin <Xpage=1061>

Pen*tac"ri*nin (?) , n. (Physiol. Chem.) A red and purple pigment found in certain crinoids of the genus Pentacrinus.

Pentacrinite <Xpage=1061>

Pen*tac"ri*nite (?) , n. [ Penta- + Gr. <?/ a lily.] (Zo\'94l.) Any species of Pentacrinus.

Pentacrinoid <Xpage=1061>

Pen*tac"ri*noid (?) , n. [ Pentacrinus + -oid .] (Zo\'94l.) An immature comatula when it is still attached by a stem, and thus resembles a Pentacrinus.

Pentacrinus <Xpage=1061>

Pen*tac"ri*nus (?) , n. [NL. See Penta- , and Crinum .] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of large, stalked crinoids, of which several species occur in deep water among the West Indies and elsewhere.

Pentacron <Xpage=1061>

Pen*ta"cron (?) , n. ; pl. L. Pentacra (#) , E. Pentacrons (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ five + <?/ a summit.] (Geom.) A solid having five summits or angular points.

Pentacrostic <Xpage=1061>

Pen`ta*cros"tic (?) , n. [ Penta- + acrostic .] A set of verses so disposed that the name forming the subject of the acrostic occurs five times -- the whole set of verses being divided into five different parts from top to bottom.

Pentad <Xpage=1061>

Pen"tad (?) , n. [Gr. <?/, <?/, a body of five, fr. <?/ five.] (Chem.) Any element, atom, or radical, having a valence of five, or which can be combined with, substituted for, or compared with, five atoms of hydrogen or other monad; as, nitrogen is a pentad in the ammonium compounds .

Pentad <Xpage=1061>

Pen"tad , a. (Chem.) Having the valence of a pentad.

Pentadactyl, Pentadactyle <Xpage=1061>

Pen`ta*dac"tyl , Pen`ta*dac"tyle (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ with five fingers or toes. See Penta- , and Dactyl .] 1. (Anat.) Having five digits to the hand or foot.

2. Having five appendages resembling fingers or toes.

Pentadactyloid <Xpage=1061>

Pen`ta*dac"tyl*oid (?) , a. [ Pentadactyl + -oid .] (Anat.) Having the form of, or a structure modified from, a pentadactyl limb.

Pentadecane <Xpage=1061>

Pen`ta*dec"ane (?) , n. [ Penta- + Gr. <?/ ten.] (Chem.) A hydrocarbon of the paraffin series, ( C15H32 ) found in petroleum, tar oil, etc., and obtained as a colorless liquid; -- so called from the fifteen carbon atoms in the molecule.

Pentadecatoic <Xpage=1061>

Pen`ta*dec`a*to"ic (?) , a. [ Penta- + decatoic .] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from, pentadecane, or designating an acid related to it.

Pentadecylic <Xpage=1061>

Pen`ta*decyl"ic (?) , a. [ Penta- + decylic .] (Chem.) Same as Quindecylic <-- = pentadecyl? -->.

Pentadelphous <Xpage=1061>

Pen`ta*del"phous (?) , a. [ Penta- + Gr. <?/ brother.] (Bot.) Having the stamens arranged in five clusters, those of each cluster having their filaments more or less united, as the flowers of the linden.

<page="1062"> Page 1062

Pentafid <Xpage=1062>

Pen"ta*fid (?) , a. [ Penta- + root of L. findere to split.] (Bot.) Divided or cleft into five parts.

Pentaglot <Xpage=1062>

Pen"ta*glot (?) , n. [ Penta- + -glot , as in polyglot .] A work in five different tongues.

Pentagon <Xpage=1062>

Pen"ta*gon (?) , n. [Gr. <?/; <?/ (see Penta- ) + gwni`a angle: cf. L. pentagonium , F. pentagone .] (Geom.) A plane figure having five angles, and, consequently, five sides; any figure having five angles.

Regular pentagon , a pentagon in which the angles are all equal, and the sides all equal.

Pentagonal <Xpage=1062>

Pen*tag"o*nal (?) , a. [Cf. F. pentagonal , pentagone , L. pentagonus , pentagonius , Gr. <?/.] Having five corners or angles.

Pentagonal dodecahedron . See Dodecahedron , and Pyritohedron .

Pentagonally <Xpage=1062>

Pen*tag"o*nal*ly , adv. In the form of a pentagon; with five angles.

Sir T. Browne.

Pentagonous <Xpage=1062>

Pen*tag"o*nous (?) , a. Pentagonal.

Pentagram <Xpage=1062>

Pen"ta*gram (?) , n. [Gr. <?/, neut. of <?/ having five lines. See Penta- , and -gram .] A pentacle or a pentalpha. "Like a wizard pentagram ."

Tennyson.

Pentagraphic, Pentagraphical <Xpage=1062>

Pen`ta*graph"ic (?) , Pen`ta*graph"ic*al (?) , a. [Corrupted fr. pantographic , -ical .] Pantographic. See Pantograph .

Pentagynia <Xpage=1062>

Pen`ta*gyn"i*a (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ (see Penta- ) + <?/ female.] (Bot.) A Linn\'91an order of plants, having five styles or pistils.

Pentagynian, Pentagynous <Xpage=1062>

Pen`ta*gyn"i*an (?) , Pen*tag"y*nous (?) , a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to plants of the order Pentagyna; having five styles.

Pentahedral <Xpage=1062>

Pen`ta*he"dral (?) , a. Having five sides; as, a pentahedral figure .

Pentahedrical <Xpage=1062>

Pen`ta*hed"ric*al (?) , a. Pentahedral. [R.]

Pentahedron <Xpage=1062>

Pen`ta*he"dron (?) , n. [ Penta- + Gr. "e`dra seat, base.] A solid figure having five sides.

Pentahedrous <Xpage=1062>

Pen`ta*he"drous (?) , a. Pentahedral.

Woodward.

Pentail <Xpage=1062>

Pen"tail` (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) A peculiar insectivore ( Ptilocercus Lowii ) of Borneo; -- so called from its very long, quill-shaped tail, which is scaly at the base and plumose at the tip.

Pentalpha <Xpage=1062>

Pen*tal"pha (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/: cf. F. pentalpha . See Penta- , and Alpha .] A five-pointed star, resembling five alphas joined at their bases; -- used as a symbol. <-- also called pentagram and pentacle? -->

Pentamera <Xpage=1062>

Pen*tam"e*ra (?) , n. pl. [NL. See Pentamerous .] (Zo\'94l.) An extensive division of Coleoptera, including those that normally have five-jointed tarsi. It embraces about half of all the known species of the Coleoptera.

Pentameran <Xpage=1062>

Pen*tam"er*an (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Pentamera.

Pentamerous <Xpage=1062>

Pen*tam"er*ous (?) , a. [ Penta- + Gr. <?/ part.] 1. (Biol.) Divided into, or consisting of, five parts; also, arranged in sets, with five parts in each set, as a flower with five sepals, five petals, five, or twice five, stamens, and five pistils.

2. (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the Pentamera.

Pentamerus <Xpage=1062>

Pen*tam"e*rus (?) , n. [NL. See Pentamerous .] (Paleon.) A genus of extinct Paleozoic brachiopods, often very abundant in the Upper Silurian.

Pentamerus limestone (Geol.) , a Silurian limestone composed largely of the shells of Pentamerus.

Pentameter <Xpage=1062>

Pen*tam"e*ter (?) , n. [L., fr. Gr. <?/; <?/ (see Penta- ) + <?/ measure.] (Gr. & L.Pros.) A verse of five feet.

&hand; The dactylic pentameter consists of two parts separated by a di\'91resis. Each part consists of two dactyls and a long syllable. The spondee may take the place of the dactyl in the first part, but not in the second. The elegiac distich consists of the hexameter followed by the pentameter.

Harkness.

Pentameter <Xpage=1062>

Pen*tam"e*ter , a. Having five metrical feet.

Pentamethylene <Xpage=1062>

Pen`ta*meth"yl*ene (?) , n. [ Penta- + methylene .] (Chem.) A hypothetical hydrocarbon, C5H10 , metameric with the amylenes, and the nucleus of a large number of derivatives; -- so named because regarded as composed of five methylene residues. Cf. Trimethylene , and Tetramethylene .

Pentandria <Xpage=1062>

Pen*tan"dri*a (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ (see Penta- ) + <?/, <?/, man, male.] (Bot.) A Linn\'91an class of plants having five separate stamens.

Pentandrian, Pentandrous <Xpage=1062>

Pen*tan"dri*an (?) , Pen*tan"drous (?) , a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to the class Pentadria; having five stamens.

Pentane <Xpage=1062>

Pen"tane (?) , n. [See Penta- .] (Chem.) Any one of the three metameric hydrocarbons, C5H12 , of the methane or paraffin series. They are colorless, volatile liquids, two of which occur in petroleum. So called because of the five carbon atoms in the molecule.

Pentangle <Xpage=1062>

Pen"tan`gle (?) , n. [ Pent a- + angle .] A pentagon. [R.]

Sir T. Browne.

Pentangular <Xpage=1062>

Pen*tan"gu*lar (?) , a. [ Pent a- + angular .] Having five corners or angles. [R.]

Pentapetalous <Xpage=1062>

Pen`ta*pet"al*ous (?) , a. [ Penta- + petal .] (Bot.) Having five petals, or flower leaves.

Pentaphyllous <Xpage=1062>

Pen*taph"yl*lous (?) , a. [ Penta- + Gr. <?/ leaf.] (Bot.) Having five leaves or leaflets.

Pentapody <Xpage=1062>

Pen*tap"o*dy (?) , n. [ Penta- + Gr. <?/, <?/, foot.] (Pros.) A measure or series consisting of five feet.

Pentaptote <Xpage=1062>

Pen"tap*tote (?) , n. [L. ( pl .) pentaptota . Gr. <?/ with five cases; <?/ (see Penta- ) + <?/ falling.] (Gram.) A noun having five cases.

Pentaptych <Xpage=1062>

Pen"tap*tych (?) , n. [ Penta- + Gr. <?/, <?/, a fold.] (Fine Arts) A picture, or combination of pictures, consisting of a centerpiece and double folding doors or wings, as for an altarpiece.

Pentarchy <Xpage=1062>

Pen"tar*chy (?) , n. [Gr. <?/: cf. F. pentarchie . See Penta- , and -archy .] A government in the hands of five persons; five joint rulers. P. Fletcher . "The pentarchy of the senses." A. Brewer .

Pentaspast <Xpage=1062>

Pen"ta*spast (?) , n. [L. pentaspaston , Gr. <?/ (see Penta- ) + <?/ to pull: cf. F. pentaspaste .] A purchase with five pulleys. [R.]

Pentaspermous <Xpage=1062>

Pen`ta*sper"mous (?) , a. [ Penta- + Gr. <?/ seed.] (Bot.) Containing five seeds.

Pentastich <Xpage=1062>

Pen"ta*stich (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ of five verses; <?/ (see Penta- ) + <?/ line, verse.] A composition consisting of five verses.

Pentastichous <Xpage=1062>

Pen*tas"ti*chous (?) , a. [ Penta- + Gr. <?/ a row.] (Bot.) Having, or arranged in, five vertical ranks, as the leaves of an apple tree or a cherry tree.

Pentastomida <Xpage=1062>

Pen`ta*stom"i*da (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. <?/ (see Penta- ) + <?/ a mouth.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Linguatulina .

Pentastyle <Xpage=1062>

Pen"ta*style (?) , a. [ Penta- + Gr. <?/ a pillar.] (Arch.) Having five columns in front; -- said of a temple or portico in classical architecture. -- n. A portico having five columns.

Pentateuch <Xpage=1062>

Pen"ta*teuch (?) , n. [L. pentateuchus , Gr. <?/; <?/ (see Penta- ) + <?/ a tool, implement, a book, akin to <?/ to prepare, make ready, and perh. to E. text . See Five , and Text .] The first five books of the Old Testament, collectively; -- called also the Law of Moses , Book of the Law of Moses , etc.

Pentateuchal <Xpage=1062>

Pen`ta*teu"chal (?) , a. Of or pertaining to the Pentateuch.

Pentathionic <Xpage=1062>

Pen`ta*thi*on"ic (?) , a. [ Penta- + thionic .] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid of sulphur obtained by leading hydrogen sulphide into a solution of sulphur dioxide; -- so called because it contains five atoms of sulphur.

Pentathlon <Xpage=1062>

Pen*tath"lon (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/; <?/ five + <?/ a contest.] (Gr. Antiq.) A fivefold athletic performance peculiar to the great national games of the Greeks, including leaping, foot racing, wrestling, throwing the discus, and throwing the spear.

Pentatomic <Xpage=1062>

Pen`ta*tom"ic (?) , a. [ Penta- + atomic .] (Chem.) (a) Having five atoms in the molecule. (b) Having five hydrogen atoms capable of substitution.

Pentavalent <Xpage=1062>

Pen*tav"a*lent (?) , a. [ Penta- + L. valens , p. pr. See Valence .] (Chem.) Having a valence of five; -- said of certain atoms and radicals.

Penteconter <Xpage=1062>

Pen"te*con`ter (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ (sc. <?/), fr. <?/ fifty.] (Gr. Antiq.) A Grecian vessel with fifty oars. [Written also pentaconter .]

Pentecost <Xpage=1062>

Pen"te*cost (?) , n. [L. pentecoste , Gr. <?/ (sc. <?/) the fiftieth day, Pentecost, fr. <?/ fiftieth, fr. <?/ fifty, fr. <?/ five. See Five , and cf. Pingster .] 1. A solemn festival of the Jews; -- so called because celebrated on the fiftieth day (seven weeks) after the second day of the Passover (which fell on the sixteenth of the Jewish month Nisan); -- hence called, also, the Feast of Weeks . At this festival an offering of the first fruits of the harvest was made. By the Jews it was generally regarded as commemorative of the gift of the law on the fiftieth day after the departure from Egypt.

2. A festival of the Roman Catholic and other churches in commemoration of the descent of the Holy Spirit on the apostles; which occurred on the day of Pentecost; -- called also Whitsunday .

Shak.

Pentecostal <Xpage=1062>

Pen`te*cos"tal (?) , a. Of or pertaining to Pentecost or to Whitsuntide.

Pentecostals <Xpage=1062>

Pen`te*cos"tals (?) , n. pl. Offerings formerly made to the parish priest, or to the mother church, at Pentecost.

Shipley.

Pentecoster <Xpage=1062>

Pen`te*cos"ter (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ fifty.] (Gr. Antiq.) An officer in the Spartan army commanding fifty men.

Mitford.

Pentecosty <Xpage=1062>

Pen`te*cos"ty (?) , n. ; pl. Pentecosties (#) . [Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ the fiftieth, <?/ fifty.] (Gr. Antiq.) A troop of fifty soldiers in the Spartan army; -- called also pentecostys .

Jowett (Thucyd. ).

Pentelic, Pentelican <Xpage=1062>

Pen*tel"ic (?) , Pen*tel"i*can (?) , a. Of or pertaining to Mount Pentelicus, near Athens, famous for its fine white marble quarries; obtained from Mount Pentelicus; as, the Pentelic marble of which the Parthenon is built .

Pentene <Xpage=1062>

Pen"tene (?) , n. [See Penta- .] (Chem.) Same as Amylene .

Penthouse <Xpage=1062>