The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary
Chapter 1125
Arctic penguin (Zo\'94l.) , the great auk. See Auk .
Penguinery <Xpage=1060>
Pen"guin*er*y (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) A breeding place, or rookery, of penguins.
Penholder <Xpage=1060>
Pen"hold`er (?) , n. A handle for a pen.
Penhouse <Xpage=1060>
Pen"house` (?) , n. A penthouse. [Obs.]
Penible <Xpage=1060>
Pen*i"ble (?) , a. [OF. penible . Cf. Painable .] Painstaking; assidous. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Penicil <Xpage=1060>
Pen"i*cil (?) , n. [L. penicillum , penicillus , a painter's brush, a roil of lint, a tent for wounds.] (mented.) A tent or pledget for wounds or ulcers.
Penicillate <Xpage=1060>
Pen`i*cil"late (?) , a. [Cf. F. p\'82nicill\'82 . See Penicil .] (Biol.) Having the form of a pencil; furnished with a pencil of fine hairs; ending in a tuft of hairs like a camel's-hair brush, as the stigmas of some grasses.
Penicilliform <Xpage=1060>
Pen`i*cil"li*form (?) , a. (Bot.) Penicillate.
Peninsula <Xpage=1060>
Pen*in"su*la (?) , n. [L. peninsula or paeninsula ; paene almost + insula an island. See Isle .] A portion of land nearly surrounded by water, and connected with a larger body by a neck, or isthmus.
Peninsular <Xpage=1060>
Pen*in"su*lar (?) , a. [Cf. F. p\'82ninsulaire .] Of or pertaining to a peninsula; as, a peninsular form; peninsular people; the peninsular war.
Peninsulate <Xpage=1060>
Pen*in"su*late (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Peninsulated (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Peninsulating .] To form into a peninsula.
South River . . . peninsulates Castle Hill farm. W. Bentley.
Penis <Xpage=1060>
Pe"nis (?) , n. [L.] (Anat.) The male member, or organ of generation.
Penitence <Xpage=1060>
Pen"i*tence (?) , n. [F. p\'82nitence , L. paenitentia . See Penitent , and cf. Penance .] The quality or condition of being penitent; the disposition of a penitent; sorrow for sins or faults; repentance; contrition. " Penitence of his old guilt."
Chaucer.
Death is deferred, and penitenance has room To mitigate, if not reverse, the doom. Dryden.
Syn. -- Repentance; contrition; compunction.
Penitencer <Xpage=1060>
Pen"i*ten*cer (?) , n. [F. p\'82nitencier .] A priest who heard confession and enjoined penance in extraordinary cases. [Written also penitenser .] [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Penitency <Xpage=1060>
Pen"i*ten*cy (?) , n. Penitence. [Obs.]
Penitent <Xpage=1060>
Pen"i*tent (?) , a. [F. p\'82nitent , L. paenitens , -entis , poenitens , p.pr. of paenitere , poenitere , to cause to repent, to repent; prob. akin to poena punishment. See Pain .] 1. Feeling pain or sorrow on account of sins or offenses; repentant; contrite; sincerely affected by a sense of guilt, and resolved on amendment of life.
Be penitent , and for thy fault contrite. Milton.
The pound he tamed, the penitent he cheered. Dryden.
2. Doing penance. [Obs.]
Shak.
Penitent <Xpage=1060>
Pen"i*tent , n. 1. One who repents of sin; one sorrowful on account of his transgressions.
2. One under church censure, but admitted to penance; one undergoing penance.
3. One under the direction of a confessor.
&hand; Penitents is an appellation given to certain fraternities in Roman Catholic countries, distinguished by their habit, and employed in charitable acts.
Penitential <Xpage=1060>
Pen`i*ten"tial (?) , a. [Cf. F. p\'82nitentiel .] Of or pertaining to penitence, or to penance; expressing penitence; of the nature of penance; as, the penitential book; penitential tears. " Penitential stripes."
Cowper.
Guilt that all the penitential fires of hereafter can not cleanse. Sir W. Scott.
Penitential <Xpage=1060>
Pen`i*ten"tial , n. (R. C. Ch.) A book formerly used by priests hearing confessions, containing rules for the imposition of penances; -- called also penitential book .
Penitentially <Xpage=1060>
Pen`i*ten"tial*ly , adv. In a penitential manner.
Penitentiary <Xpage=1060>
Pen`i*ten"tia*ry (?) , a. [Cf. F. p\'82nitentiaire .] 1. Relating to penance, or to the rules and measures of penance. "A penitentiary tax."
Abp. Bramhall.
2. Expressive of penitence; as, a penitentiary letter .
3. Used for punishment, discipline, and reformation. " Penitentiary houses."
Blackstone.
Penitentiary <Xpage=1060>
Pen`i*ten"tia*ry , n. ; pl. Penitentiaries (#) . [Cf. F. p\'82nitencier . See Penitent .] 1. One who prescribes the rules and measures of penance. [Obs.]
Bacon.
2. One who does penance. [Obs.]
Hammond.
3. A small building in a monastery where penitents confessed.
Shpiley.
4. That part of a church to which penitents were admitted.
Shipley.
5. (R. C. Ch.) (a) An office of the papal court which examines cases of conscience, confession, absolution from vows, etc., and delivers decisions, dispensations, etc. Its chief is a cardinal, called the Grand Penitentiary , appointed by the pope. (b) An officer in some dioceses since A. D. 1215, vested with power from the bishop to absolve in cases reserved to him.
6. A house of correction, in which offenders are confined for punishment, discipline, and reformation, and in which they are generally compelled to labor.
Penitentiaryship <Xpage=1060>
Pen`i*ten"tia*ry*ship , n. The office or condition of a penitentiary of the papal court. [R.]
Wood.
Penitently <Xpage=1060>
Pen"i*tent*ly , adv. In a penitent manner.
<page="1061"> Page 1061
Penk <Xpage=1061>
Penk (?) , n. A minnow. See Pink , n. , 4. [Prov. Eng.]
Walton.
Penknife <Xpage=1061>
Pen"knife` (?) , n. ; pl. Penknives (#) . [ Pen + knife .] A small pocketknife; formerly, a knife used for making and mending quill pens.
Penman <Xpage=1061>
Pen"man (?) , n. ; pl. Penmen (<?/) . 1. One who uses the pen; a writer; esp., one skilled in the use of the pen; a calligrapher; a writing master.
2. An author; a composer.
South.
Penmanship <Xpage=1061>
Pen"man*ship , n. The use of the pen in writing; the art of writing; style or manner of writing; chirography; as, good or bad penmanship .
Penna <Xpage=1061>
Pen"na (?) , n. ; pl. Penn\'91 (#) . [L.] (Zo\'94l.) A perfect, or normal, feather.
Pennaceous <Xpage=1061>
Pen"na"ceous (?) , a. (Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to a normal feather.
Pennach <Xpage=1061>
Pen"nach (?) , n. [OF. pennache . See Panache .] A bunch of feathers; a plume. [Obs.]
Holland.
Pennached <Xpage=1061>
Pen"nached (?) , a. [Cf. OF. pennach\'82 . See Panache .] Variegated; striped. [Obs.]
Evelyn.
Pennage <Xpage=1061>
Pen"nage (?) , n. [L. penna feather.] Feathery covering; plumage. [Obs.]
Holland.
Pennant <Xpage=1061>
Pen"nant (?) , n. [OE. penon , penoun , pynoun , OF. penon , F. pennon , fr. L. penna feather. See Pen a feather, and cf. Pennon , Pinion .] (Naut.) (a) A small flag; a pennon. The narrow, ∨ long, pennant (called also whip or coach whip ) is a long, narrow piece of bunting, carried at the masthead of a government vessel in commission. The board pennant is an oblong, nearly square flag, carried at the masthead of a commodore's vessel . "With flags and pennants trimmed." Drayton . (b) A rope or strap to which a purchase is hooked.
Pennate, Pennated <Xpage=1061>
Pen"nate (?) , Pen"na*ted (?) , a. [L. pennatus feathered, winged, from penna feather, wing.] 1. Winged; plume-shaped.
2. (Bot.) Same as Pinnate .
Pennatula <Xpage=1061>
Pen*nat"u*la (?) , n. ; pl. L. Pennatul\'91 (#) , E. Pennatulas (#) . [NL., fr. L. penna a feather.] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of Pennatula , Pteroides , and allied genera of Alcyonaria, having a featherlike form; a sea-pen. The zooids are situated along one edge of the side branches.
Pennatulacea <Xpage=1061>
Pen*nat`u*la"ce*a (?) , n. pl. [NL. See Pennatula .] (Zo\'94l.) A division of alcyonoid corals, including the seapens and related kinds. They are able to move about by means of the hollow muscular peduncle, which also serves to support them upright in the mud. See Pennatula , and Illust . under Alcyonaria .
Penned <Xpage=1061>
Penned (?) , a. 1. Winged; having plumes. [Obs.]
2. Written with a pen; composed. "Their penned speech."
Shak.
Penner <Xpage=1061>
Pen"ner (?) , n. 1. One who pens; a writer.
Sir T. North.
2. A case for holding pens. [Obs.]
Penniform <Xpage=1061>
Pen"ni*form (?) , a. [L. penna feather + -form : cf. F. penniforme .] Having the form of a feather or plume.
Pennigerous <Xpage=1061>
Pen*nig"er*ous (?) , a. [L. penniger ; penna feather + gerere to bear.] (Zo\'94l.) Bearing feathers or quills.
Penniless <Xpage=1061>
Pen"ni*less (?) , a. [From Penny .] Destitute of money; impecunious; poor. -- Pen"ni*less*ness , n.
Penninerved <Xpage=1061>
Pen"ni*nerved` (?) , a. [L. penna feather + E. nerve .] Pinnately veined or nerved.
Pennipotent <Xpage=1061>
Pen*nip"o*tent (?) , a. [L. pennipotens ; penna wing + potens strong.] Strong of wing; strong on the wing. [Poetic]
Davies (Holy Roode).
Pennon <Xpage=1061>
Pen"non (?) , n. [Cf. Pinion .] A wing; a pinion.
Milton.
Pennon <Xpage=1061>
Pen"non , n. [See Pennant .] A pennant; a flag or streamer.
Longfellow.
Pennoncel, Pennoncelle <Xpage=1061>
Pen"non*cel` , Pen"non*celle` (?) , n. [OF. penoncel . See Pennant .] See Pencel .
Penny <Xpage=1061>
Pen"ny (?) , a. [Perh. a corruption of pun , for pound .] Denoting pound weight for one thousand; -- used in combination, with respect to nails; as, ten penny nails, nails of which one thousand weight ten pounds .
Penny <Xpage=1061>
Pen*ny , n. ; pl. Pennies (#) or Pence (<?/) . Pennies denotes the number of coins; pence the amount of pennies in value . [OE. peni , AS. penig , pening , pending ; akin to D. penning , OHG. pfenning , pfenting , G. pfennig , Icel. penningr ; of uncertain origin.] 1. An English coin, formerly of copper, now of bronze, the twelfth part of an English shilling in account value, and equal to four farthings, or about two cents; -- usually indicated by the abbreviation d . (the initial of denarius ).
&hand; "The chief Anglo-Saxon coin, and for a long period the only one, corresponded to the denarius of the Continent . . . [and was] called penny , denarius, or denier." R. S. Poole . The ancient silver penny was worth about three pence sterling (see Pennyweight ). The old Scotch penny was only one twelfth the value of the English coin. In the United States the word penny is popularly used for cent .
2. Any small sum or coin; a groat; a stiver.
Shak.
3. Money, in general; as, to turn an honest penny .
What penny hath Rome borne, What men provided, what munition sent? Shak.
4. (Script.) See Denarius .
Penny cress (Bot.) , an annual herb of the Mustard family, having round, flat pods like silver pennies ( Thlaspi arvense ). Dr. Prior . -- Penny dog (Zo\'94l.) , a kind of shark found on the South coast of Britain: the tope. -- Penny father , a penurious person; a niggard. [Obs.] Robinson (More's Utopia) . -- Penny grass (Bot.) , pennyroyal. [R.] -- Penny post , a post carrying a letter for a penny; also, a mail carrier. -- Penny wise , wise or prudent only in small matters; saving small sums while losing larger; -- used chiefly in the phrase, penny wise and pound foolish.
Penny <Xpage=1061>
Pen"ny (?) , a. Worth or costing one penny.
Penny-a-liner <Xpage=1061>
Pen"ny-a-lin"er (?) , n. One who furnishes matter to public journals at so much a line; a poor writer for hire; a hack writer.
Thackeray.
Pennyroyal <Xpage=1061>
Pen`ny*roy"al (?) , n. [A corruption of OE. puliall royal . OE. puliall is ultimately derived fr. L. puleium , or pulegium regium (so called as being good against fleas), fr. pulex a flea; and royal is a translation of L. regium , in puleium regium .] (Bot.) An aromatic herb ( Mentha Pulegium ) of Europe; also, a North American plant ( Hedeoma pulegioides ) resembling it in flavor.
Bastard pennyroyal (Bot.) See Blue curls , under Blue .
Pennyweight <Xpage=1061>
Pen"ny*weight` (?) , n. A troy weight containing twenty-four grains, or the twentieth part of an ounce; as, a pennyweight of gold or of arsenic . It was anciently the weight of a silver penny, whence the name.
Pennywort <Xpage=1061>
Pen"ny*wort` (?) , n. (Bot.) A European trailing herb ( Linaria Cymbalaria ) with roundish, reniform leaves. It is often cultivated in hanging baskets.
March , ∨ Water , pennywort . (Bot.) See under March .
Pennyworth <Xpage=1061>
Pen"ny*worth` (?) , n. 1. A penny's worth; as much as may be bought for a penny. "A dear pennyworth ."
Evelyn.
2. Hence: The full value of one's penny expended; due return for money laid out; a good bargain; a bargain.
The priests sold the better pennyworths . Locke.
3. A small quantity; a trifle.
Bacon.
Penock <Xpage=1061>
Pen"ock (?) , n. See Pend .
Penological <Xpage=1061>
Pen`o*log"ic*al (?) , a. Of or pertaining to penology.
Penologist <Xpage=1061>
Pe*nol"o*gist (?) , n. One versed in, or a student of, penology.
Penology <Xpage=1061>
Pe*nol"o*gy (?) , n. [Gr. <?/, or L. poena , punishment + -logy .] The science or art of punishment. [Written also p&oe;nology .]
Penrack <Xpage=1061>
Pen"rack` (?) , n. A rack for pens not in use.
Pens <Xpage=1061>
Pens (?) , n. , pl. of Penny . [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Pensative <Xpage=1061>
Pen"sa*tive (?) , a. Pensive. [Obs.]
Shelton.
Pensel <Xpage=1061>
Pen"sel (?) , n. A pencel.
Chaucer.
Pensible <Xpage=1061>
Pen"si*ble (?) , a. Held aloft. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Pensile <Xpage=1061>
Pen"sile (?) , a. [L. pensilis , fr. pendere to hang: cf. OE. pensil . See Pendant .] Hanging; suspended; pendent; pendulous.
Bacon.
The long, pensile branches of the birches. W. Howitt.
Pensileness <Xpage=1061>
Pen"sile*ness , n. State or quality of being pensile; pendulousness.
Pension <Xpage=1061>
Pen"sion (?) , n. [F., fr. L. pensio a paying, payment, fr. pendere , pensum , to weight, to pay; akin to pend<?/re to hang. See Pendant , and cf. Spend .] 1. A payment; a tribute; something paid or given. [Obs.]
The stomach's pension , and the time's expense. Sylvester.
2. A stated allowance to a person in consideration of past services; payment made to one retired from service, on account of age, disability, or other cause; especially, a regular stipend paid by a government to retired public officers, disabled soldiers, the families of soldiers killed in service, or to meritorious authors, or the like.
To all that kept the city pensions and wages. 1 Esd. iv. 56.
3. A certain sum of money paid to a clergyman in lieu of tithes. [Eng.]
Mozley & W.
4. [F., pronounced <?/ .] A boarding house or boarding school in France, Belgium, Switzerland, etc.
Pension <Xpage=1061>
Pen"sion , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Pensioned (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Pensioning .] To grant a pension to; to pay a regular stipend to; in consideration of service already performed; -- sometimes followed by off ; as, to pension off a servant .
One knighted Blackmore, and one pensioned Quarles. Pope.
Pensionary <Xpage=1061>
Pen"sion*a*ry (?) , a. 1. Maintained by a pension; receiving a pension; as, pensionary spies .
Donne.
2. Consisting of a pension; as, a pensionary provision for maintenance .
Pensionary <Xpage=1061>
Pen"sion*a*ry (?) , n. ; pl. Pensionaries (#) . [Cf. F. pensionnaire . Cf. Pensioner .] 1. One who receives a pension; a pensioner.
E. Hall.
2. One of the chief magistrates of towns in Holland.
Grand pensionary , the title of the prime minister, or or president of the Council, of Holland when a republic.
Pensioner <Xpage=1061>
Pen"sion*er (?) , n. 1. One in receipt of a pension; hence, figuratively, a dependent.
The fickle pensioners of Morpheus' train. Milton.
Old pensioners . . . of Chelsea Hospital. Macaulay.
2. One of an honorable band of gentlemen who attend the sovereign of England on state occasions, and receive an annual pension, or allowance, of \'9c150 and two horses.
3. [Cf. F. pensionnaire one who pays for his board. Cf. Pensionary , n. ] In the university of Cambridge, England, one who pays for his living in commons; -- corresponding to commoner at Oxford.
Ld. Lytton.
Pensive <Xpage=1061>