Chapter 1123

Pel"i*can (?) , n. [F. p\'82lican , L. pelicanus , pelecanus , Gr. <?/, <?/, <?/, the woodpecker, and also a water bird of the pelican kind, fr. <?/ to hew with an ax, akin to Skr. para&cced;u .] [Written also pelecan .] 1. (Zo\'94l.) Any large webfooted bird of the genus of Pelecanus , of which about a dozen species are known. They have an enormous bill, to the lower edge of which is attached a pouch in which captured fishes are temporarily stored.

&hand; The American white pelican ( Pelecanus erythrorhynchos ) and the brown species ( P. fuscus ) are abundant on the Florida coast in winter, but breed about the lakes in the Rocky Mountains and British America.

2. (Old Chem.) A retort or still having a curved tube or tubes leading back from the head to the body for continuous condensation and redistillation.

&hand; The principle is still employed in certain modern forms of distilling apparatus.

Frigate pelican (Zo\'94l.) , the frigate bird. See under Frigate . -- Pelican fish (Zo\'94l.) , deep-sea fish ( Eurypharynx pelecanoides ) of the order Lyomeri , remarkable for the enormous development of the jaws, which support a large gular pouch. -- Pelican flower (Bot.) , the very large and curiously shaped blossom of a climbing plant ( Aristolochia grandiflora ) of the West Indies; also, the plant itself. -- Pelican ibis (Zo\'94l.) , a large Asiatic wood ibis ( Tantalus leucocephalus ). The head and throat are destitute of feathers; the plumage is white, with the quills and the tail greenish black. -- Pelican in her piety (in heraldry and symbolical art), a representation of a pelican in the act of wounding her breast in order to nourish her young with her blood; -- a practice fabulously attributed to the bird, on account of which it was adopted as a symbol of the Redeemer, and of charity. -- Pelican's foot (Zo\'94l.) , a marine gastropod shell of the genus Aporrhais , esp. Aporrhais pes-pelicani of Europe.

Pelick <Xpage=1058>

Pel"ick (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) The American coot ( Fulica ).

Pelicoid <Xpage=1058>

Pel"i*coid (?) , n. See Pelecoid .

Pelicosauria <Xpage=1058>

Pel`i*co*sau"ri*a (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ a wooden bowl (but taken to mean, pelvis) + <?/ a lizard.] (Paleon.) A suborder of Theromorpha, including terrestrial reptiles from the Permian formation.

Peliom <Xpage=1058>

Pe"li*om (?) , n. [See Pelioma .] (Min.) A variety of iolite, of a smoky blue color; pelioma.

Pelioma <Xpage=1058>

Pe`li*o"ma (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ livid.] 1. (Med.) A livid ecchymosis.

2. (Min.) See Peliom .

Pelisse <Xpage=1058>

Pe*lisse" (?) , n. [F., fr. L. pelliceus , pellicius , made of skins, fr. pellis a skin. Cf. Pelt skin, Pilch , and see 2d Pell .] An outer garment for men or women, originally of fur, or lined with fur; a lady's outer garment, made of silk or other fabric.

Pell <Xpage=1058>

Pell (?) , v. t. [Cf. Pelt , v. t. ] To pelt; to knock about. [Obs.]

Holland.

Pell <Xpage=1058>

Pell , n. [OF. pel , F. peau , L. pellis a skin. See Fell a skin.] 1. A skin or hide; a pelt.

2. A roll of parchment; a parchment record.

Clerk of the pells , formerly, an officer of the exchequer who entered accounts on certain parchment rolls, called pell rolls . [Eng.]

Pellack <Xpage=1058>

Pel"lack (?) , n. [Cf. Gael. Peileag .] (Zo\'94l.) A porpoise.

Pellage <Xpage=1058>

Pell"age (?) , n. [See 2d Pell .] A customs duty on skins of leather.

<page="1059"> Page 1059

Pellagrin <Xpage=1059>

Pel"la*grin (?) , n. One who is afficted with pellagra.

Chambers's Encyc.

Pellet <Xpage=1059>

Pel"let (?) , n. [F. pelote , LL. pelota , pilota , fr. L. pila a ball. Cf. Platoon .] 1. A little ball; as, a pellet of wax <?/ paper .

2. A bullet; a ball for firearms. [Obs.]

Bacon.

As swift as a pellet out of a gun. Chaucer.

Pellet molding (Arch.) , a narrow band ornamented with smalt, flat disks.

Pellet <Xpage=1059>

Pel"let , v.<?/. To form into small balls. [Obs.]

Shak.

Pelleted <Xpage=1059>

Pel"let*ed , a. Made of, or like, pellets; furnished with pellets. [R.] "This pelleted storm."

Shak.

Pellibranchiata <Xpage=1059>

Pel`li*bran`chi*a"ta (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. pellis garment + branchia a gill.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of Nudibranchiata, in which the mantle itself serves as a gill.

Pellicle <Xpage=1059>

Pel"li*cle (?) , n. [L. pellicu<?/a , dim. of pellis skin: cf. F. pellicule .] 1. A thin skin or film.

2. (Chem.) A thin film formed on the surface of an evaporating solution.

Pellicular <Xpage=1059>

Pel*lic"u*lar (?) , a. Of or pertaining to a pellicle.

Henslow.

Pellile <Xpage=1059>

Pel*li"le (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) The redshank; -- so called from its note. [Prov. Eng.]

Pellitory <Xpage=1059>

Pel"li*to*ry (?) , n. [OE. paritorie , OF. paritoire , F. pari\'82taire ; (cf. It. & Sp. parietaria ), L. parietaria the parietary, or pellitory, the wall plant, fr. parietarus belonging to the walls, fr. paries , parietis a wall. Cf. Parietary .] (Bot.) The common name of the several species of the genus Parietaria , low, harmless weeds of the Nettle family; -- also called wall pellitory , and lichwort .

&hand; Parietaria officinalis is common on old walls in Europe; P . Pennsylvanica is found in the United States; and six or seven more species are found near the Mediterranean, or in the Orient.

Pellitory <Xpage=1059>

Pel"li*to*ry , n. [Sp. pelitre , fr. L. pyrethrum . See Bertram .] (Bot.) (a) A composite plant ( Anacyclus Pyrethrum ) of the Mediterranean region, having finely divided leaves and whitish flowers. The root is the officinal pellitory, and is used as an irritant and sialogogue. Called also bertram , and pellitory of Spain . (b) The feverfew ( Chrysanthemum Parthenium ); -- so called because it resembles the above.

Pell-mell <Xpage=1059>

Pell`-mell" (<?/) , n. See Pall-mall .

Pellmell <Xpage=1059>

Pell`mell" , adv. [F. p\'88le-m\'88le , prob. fr. pelle a shovel + m\'88ler to mix, as when different kinds of grain are heaped up and mixed with a shovel. See Pell shovel, Medley .] In utter confusion; with confused violence. "Men, horses, chariots, crowded pellmell ."

Milton.

Pellucid <Xpage=1059>

Pel*lu"cid (?) , a. [L. pellucidus ; per (see Per- ) + lucidus clear, bright: cf. F. pellucide .] Transparent; clear; limpid; translucent; not opaque. " Pellucid crystal." Dr. H. More . " Pellucid streams." Wordsworth .

Pellucidity, Pellucidness <Xpage=1059>

Pel`lu*cid"i*ty (?) , Pel*lu"cid*ness (?) , n. [L. pellucid itas.] The quality or state of being pellucid; transparency; translucency; clearness; as, the pellucidity of the air .

Locke .

Pellucidly <Xpage=1059>

Pel*lu"cid*ly , adv. In a pellucid manner.

Pelma <Xpage=1059>

Pel"ma (?) , n. ; pl. Pelmata (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/.] (Zo\'94l.) The under surface of the foot. <-- = sole? -->

Pelopium <Xpage=1059>

Pe*lo"pi*um (?) , n. [NL., fr. L. Pelops , brother of Niobe, Gr. <?/.] (Chem.) A supposed new metal found in columbite, afterwards shown to be identical with columbium, or niobium.

Peloponnesian <Xpage=1059>

Pel`o*pon*ne"sian (?) , a. [L. Peloponnesius , fr. Peloponnesus , Gr. <?/, lit., the Island of Pelops; <?/, <?/, Pelops + <?/ an island.] Of or pertaining to the Peloponnesus, or southern peninsula of Greece. -- n. A native or an inhabitant of the Peloponnesus.

Peloria <Xpage=1059>

Pe*lo"ri*a (?) , n. [NL., from Gr. <?/ monstrous.] (Bot.) Abnormal regularity; the state of certain flowers, which, being naturally irregular, have become regular through a symmetrical repetition of the special irregularity.

Peloric <Xpage=1059>

Pe*lo"ric (?) , a. (Bot.) Abnormally regular or symmetrical.

Darwin.

Pelotage <Xpage=1059>

Pel"o*tage (?) , n. [F.] Packs or bales of Spanish wool.

Pelt <Xpage=1059>

Pelt (?) , n. [Cf. G. pelz a pelt, fur, fr. OF. pelice , F. pelisse (see Pelisse ); or perh. shortened fr. peltry .] 1. The skin of a beast with the hair on; a raw or undressed hide; a skin preserved with the hairy or woolly covering on it. See 4th Fell .

Sir T. Browne.

Raw pelts clapped about them for their clothes. Fuller.

2. The human skin. [Jocose]

Dryden.

3. (Falconry) The body of any quarry killed by the hawk.

Pelt rot , a disease affecting the hair or wool of a beast.

Pelt <Xpage=1059>

Pelt , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Pelted ; p. pr. & vb. n. Pelting .] [OE. pelten , pulten , pilten , to thrust, throw, strike; cf. L. pultare , equiv. to pulsare (v. freq. fr. pellere to drive), and E. pulse a beating.] 1. To strike with something thrown or driven; to assail with pellets or missiles, as, to pelt with stones; pelted with hail.

The children billows seem to pelt the clouds. Shak.

2. To throw; to use as a missile.

My Phillis me with pelted apples plies. Dryden.

Pelt <Xpage=1059>

Pelt , v. i. 1. To throw missiles.

Shak.

2. To throw out words. [Obs.]

Another smothered seems to pelt and swear. Shak.

Pelt <Xpage=1059>

Pelt , n. A blow or stroke from something thrown.

Pelta <Xpage=1059>

Pel"ta (?) , n. ; pl. Pelt\'91 . [L., a shield, fr. Gr. <?/.] 1. (Antiq.) A small shield, especially one of an approximately elliptic form, or crescent-shaped.

2. (Bot.) A flat apothecium having no rim.

Peltate, Peltated <Xpage=1059>

Pel"tate (?) , Pel"ta*ted (?) , a. [Cf. F. pelt\'82 . See Pelta .] Shield-shaped; scutiform; (Bot.) having the stem or support attached to the lower surface, instead of at the base or margin; -- said of a leaf or other organ. -- Pel"tate*ly (#) , adv.

Pelter <Xpage=1059>

Pelt"er (?) , n. One who pelts.

Pelter <Xpage=1059>

Pel"ter (?) , n. A pinchpenny; a mean, sordid person; a miser; a skinflint. [Obs.] "Let such pelters prate."

Gascoigne.

Peltiform <Xpage=1059>

Pel"ti*form (?) , a. [ Pelta + -form .] Shieldlike, with the outline nearly circular; peltate. <-- #! original has "pellate", but should be "peltate" -->

Henslow.

Pelting <Xpage=1059>

Pel"ting (?) , a. Mean; paltry. [Obs.]

Shak.

Peltry <Xpage=1059>

Pelt"ry (?) , n. [F. pelleterie peltry, furriery, fr. pelletier a furrier, fr. OF. pel skin, F. peau , L. pelis . See Pelt a skin, Pell , n. , Fell a skin.] Pelts or skins, collectively; skins with the fur on them; furs.

Peltryware <Xpage=1059>

Pelt"ry*ware` (?) , n. Peltry. [Obs.]

Peludo <Xpage=1059>

Pe*lu"do (?) , n. [Sp. peludo hairy.] (Zo\'94l.) The South American hairy armadillo ( Dasypus villosus ).

Pelusiac <Xpage=1059>

Pe*lu"si*ac (?) , a. [L. Pelusiacus .] Of or pertaining to Pelusium, an ancient city of Egypt; as, the Pelusiac (or former eastern) outlet of the Nile .

Pelvic <Xpage=1059>

Pel"vic (?) , a. Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the pelvis; as, pelvic cellulitis .

Pelvic arch , &or; Pelvic girdle (Anat.) , the two or more bony or cartilaginous pieces of the vertebrate skeleton to which the hind limbs are articulated. When fully ossified, the arch usually consists of three principal bones on each side, the ilium, ischium, and pubis, which are often closely united in the adult, forming the innominate bone. See Innominate bone , under Innominate .

Pelvimeter <Xpage=1059>

Pel*vim"e*ter (?) , n. [ Pelvis + -meter .: cf. F. pelvim\'8atre .] An instrument for measuring the dimensions of the pelvis.

Coxe.

Pelvis <Xpage=1059>

Pel"vis (?) , n. [L., a basin, laver; cf. Gr. <?/, <?/, bowl.] 1. (Anat.) The pelvic arch, or the pelvic arch together with the sacrum. See Pelvic arch , under Pelvic , and Sacrum .

2. (Zo\'94l.) The calyx of a crinoid.

Pelvis of the kidney (Anat.) , the basinlike cavity into which the ureter expands as it joins the kidney.

Pemmican <Xpage=1059>

Pem"mi*can (?) , n. [Written also pemican .] 1. Among the North American Indians, meat cut in thin slices, divested of fat, and dried in the sun.

Then on pemican they feasted. Longfellow.

2. Meat, without the fat, cut in thin slices, dried in the sun, pounded, then mixed with melted fat and sometimes dried fruit, and compressed into cakes or in bags. It contains much nutriment in small compass, and is of great use in long voyages of exploration.

Pemphigus <Xpage=1059>

Pem*phi"gus (?) , n. [Nl., fr. Gr. <?/, <?/, a bubble.] (Med.) A somewhat rare skin disease, characterized by the development of blebs upon different part of the body.

Quain.

Pen <Xpage=1059>

Pen (?) , n. [OE. penne , OF. penne , pene , F. penne , fr. L. penna .] 1. A feather. [Obs.]

Spenser.

2. A wing. [Obs.]

Milton.

3. An instrument used for writing with ink, formerly made of a reed, or of the quill of a goose or other bird, but now also of other materials, as of steel, gold, etc. Also, originally, a stylus or other instrument for scratching or graving.

Graven with an iron pen and lead in the rock. Job xix. 24.

4. Fig.: A writer, or his style; as, he has a sharp pen . "Those learned pens ."

Fuller.

5. (Zo\'94l.) The internal shell of a squid.

6. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zo\'94l.) A female swan. [Prov. Eng.] <-- contrast cob, the male swan -->

Bow pen . See Bow-pen . -- Dotting pen , a pen for drawing dotted lines. -- Drawing , &or; Ruling , pen , a pen for ruling lines having a pair of blades between which the ink is contained. -- Fountain pen , Geometric pen . See under Fountain , and Geometric . -- Music pen , a pen having five points for drawing the five lines of the staff. -- Pen and ink , &or; pen-and-ink , executed or done with a pen and ink; as, a pen and ink sketch . -- Pen feather . A pin feather. [Obs.] -- Pen name . See under Name . -- Sea pen (Zo\'94l.) , a pennatula. [Usually written sea-pen .]

Pen <Xpage=1059>

Pen , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Penned (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Penning (?) .] To write; to compose and commit to paper; to indite; to compose; as, to pen a sonnet . "A prayer elaborately penned ."

Milton.

Pen <Xpage=1059>

Pen , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Penned (?) or Pent (<?/); p. pr. & vb. n. Penning .] [OE. pennen , AS. pennan in on-pennan to unfasten, prob. from the same source as pin , and orig. meaning, to fasten with a peg.See Pin , n. & v. ] To shut up, as in a pen or cage; to confine in a small inclosure or narrow space; to coop up, or shut in; to inclose. "Away with her, and pen her up."

Shak.

Watching where shepherds pen their flocks at eve. Milton.

Pen <Xpage=1059>

Pen , n. [From Pen to shut in.] A small inclosure; as, a pen for sheep or for pigs .

My father stole two geese out of a pen . Shak.

Penal <Xpage=1059>

Pe"nal (?) , a. [L. poenalis , fr. poena punishment: cf. F. p\'82nal . See Pain .] Of or pertaining to punishment, to penalties, or to crimes and offenses; pertaining to criminal jurisprudence : as: (a) Enacting or threatening punishment; as, a penal statue; the penal code . (b) Incurring punishment; subject to a penalty; as, a penal act of offense . (c) Inflicted as punishment; used as a means of punishment; as, a penal colony or settlement . "Adamantine chains and penal fire."

Milton.

Penal code (Law) , a code of laws concerning crimes and offenses and their punishment. -- Penal laws , Penal statutes (Law) , laws prohibited certain acts, and imposing penalties for committing them. -- Penal servitude , imprisonment with hard labor, in a prison, in lieu of transportation. [Great Brit.] -- Penal suit , Penal action (Law) , a suit for penalties.

Penality <Xpage=1059>

Pe*nal"i*ty (?) , n. [Cf. LL. poenalitas . See Penalty .] The quality or state of being penal; lability to punishment.

Sir T. Browne.

Penalize <Xpage=1059>

Pe"nal*ize (?) , v. t. 1. To make penal.

2. (Sport.) To put a penalty on. See Penalty , 3. [Eng.]

Penally <Xpage=1059>

Pe"nal*ly (?) , adv. In a penal manner.

Penalty <Xpage=1059>

Pe"nal*ty (?) , n. ; pl. Penalties (#) . [F. p\'82nalit\'82 . See Penal .] 1. Penal retribution; punishment for crime or offense; the suffering in person or property which is annexed by law or judicial decision to the commission of a crime, offense, or trespass.

Death is the penalty imposed. Milton.

2. The suffering, or the sum to be forfeited, to which a person subjects himself by covenant or agreement, in case of nonfulfillment of stipulations; forfeiture; fine.

The penalty and forfeit of my bond. Shak.

3. A handicap. [Sporting Cant]