Chapter 1107

Par"ish (?) , n. [OE. parishe , paresche , parosche , OF. paroisse , parosse , paroiche , F. paroisse , L. parochia , corrupted fr. paroecia , Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ dwelling beside or near; <?/ beside + <?/ a house, dwelling; akin to L. vicus village. See Vicinity , and cf. Parochial .]

1. (Eccl. & Eng. Law) (a) That circuit of ground committed to the charge of one parson or vicar, or other minister having cure of souls therein. Cowell. (b) The same district, constituting a civil jurisdiction, with its own officers and regulations, as respects the poor, taxes, etc.

&hand; Populous and extensive parishes are now divided, under various parliamentary acts, into smaller ecclesiastical districts for spiritual purposes.

Mozley & W.

2. An ecclesiastical society, usually not bounded by territorial limits, but composed of those persons who choose to unite under the charge of a particular priest, clergyman, or minister; also, loosely, the territory in which the members of a congregation live. [U. S.]

3. In Louisiana, a civil division corresponding to a county in other States.

Parish <Xpage=1043>

Par"ish , a. Of or pertaining to a parish; parochial; as, a parish church; parish records; a parish priest ; maintained by the parish; as, parish poor .

Dryden.

Parish clerk . (a) The clerk or recording officer of a parish . (b) A layman who leads in the responses and otherwise assists in the service of the Church of England. -- Parish court , in Louisiana, a court in each parish.

Parishen <Xpage=1043>

Par"ish*en (?) , n. A parishioner. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Parishional <Xpage=1043>

Pa*rish"ion*al (?) , a. Of or pertaining to a parish; parochial. [R.]

Bp. Hall.

Parishioner <Xpage=1043>

Pa*rish"ion*er (?) , n. [F. paroissien , LL. parochianus .] One who belongs to, or is connected with, a parish.

Parisian <Xpage=1043>

Pa*ri"sian (?) , n. [Cf. F. parisen .] A native or inhabitant of Paris, the capital of France.

Parisian <Xpage=1043>

Pa*ri"sian , a. Of or pertaining to Paris.

Parisienne <Xpage=1043>

Pa`ri`si`enne" (?) , n. [F.] A female native or resident of Paris.

Parisology <Xpage=1043>

Par`i*sol"o*gy (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ almost equal, evenly balanced + -logy .] The use of equivocal or ambiguous words. [R.]

Parisyllabic, Parisyllabical <Xpage=1043>

Par`i*syl*lab"ic (?) , Par`i*syl*lab"ic*al (?) , a. [ Pari- + syllabic , -ical : cf. F. parisyllabique .] Having the same number of syllables in all its inflections.

Paritor <Xpage=1043>

Par"i*tor (?) , n. [Abbrev. fr. apparitor : cf. L. paritor a servant, attendant.] An apparitor. "Summoned by an host of paritors ."

Dryden.

Paritory <Xpage=1043>

Par"i*to*ry (?) , n. Pellitory. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Parity <Xpage=1043>

Par"i*ty (?) , n. [L. paritas , fr. par , paris , equal: cf. F. parit\'82 . See Pair , Peer an equal.] The quality or condition of being equal or equivalent; A like state or degree; equality; close correspondence; analogy; as, parity of reasoning . "No parity of principle."

De Quincey.

Equality of length and parity of numeration. Sir T. Browne.

Park <Xpage=1043>

Park (?) , n. [AS. pearroc , or perh. rather fr. F. parc ; both being of the same origin; cf. LL. parcus , parricus , Ir. & Gael. pairc , W. park , parwg . Cf. Paddock an inclosure, Parrock .] 1. (Eng. Law) A piece of ground inclosed, and stored with beasts of the chase, which a man may have by prescription, or the king's grant.

Mozley & W.

2. A tract of ground kept in its natural state, about or adjacent to a residence, as for the preservation of game, for walking, riding, or the like.

Chaucer.

While in the park I sing, the listening deer Attend my passion, and forget to fear. Waller.

3. A piece of ground, in or near a city or town, inclosed and kept for ornament and recreation; as, Hyde Park in London; Central Park in New York.

4. (Mil.) A space occupied by the animals, wagons, pontoons, and materials of all kinds, as ammunition, ordnance stores, hospital stores, provisions, etc., when brought together; also, the objects themselves; as, a park of wagons; a park of artillery.

5. A partially inclosed basin in which oysters are grown. [Written also parc .]

Park of artillery . See under Artillery . -- Park phaeton , a small, low carriage, for use in parks.

Park <Xpage=1043>

Park , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Parked (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Parking .] 1. To inclose in a park, or as in a park.

How are we parked , and bounded in a pale. Shak.

2. (Mil.) To bring together in a park, or compact body; as, to park the artillery, the wagons, etc .

Parker <Xpage=1043>

Park"er (?) , n , The keeper of a park.

Sir M. Hale.

Parkeria <Xpage=1043>

Par*ke"ri*a (?) , n. [NL. So named from W. K. Parker , a British zo\'94logist.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of large arenaceous fossil Foraminifera found in the Cretaceous rocks. The species are globular, or nearly so, and are of all sizes up to that of a tennis ball.

<page="1044"> Page 1044

Parkesine <Xpage=1044>

Parkes"ine (?) , n. [So called from Mr. Parkes , the inventor.] A compound, originally made from gun cotton and castor oil, but later from different materials, and used as a substitute for vulcanized India rubber and for ivory; -- called also xylotile .

Parkleaves <Xpage=1044>

Park"leaves` (?) , n. (Bot.) A European species of Saint John's-wort; the tutsan. See Tutsan .

Parlance <Xpage=1044>

Par"lance (?) , n. [OF., fr. F. parler to speak. See Parley .] Conversation; discourse; talk; diction; phrase; as, in legal parlance ; in common parlance .

A hate of gossip parlance and of sway. Tennyson.

Parlando, Parlante <Xpage=1044>

Par*lan"do (?) , Par*lan"te (?) , a. & adv. [It.] (Mus.) Speaking; in a speaking or declamatory manner; to be sung or played in the style of a recitative.

Parle <Xpage=1044>

Parle (?) , v. i. [F. parler . See Parley .] To talk; to converse; to parley. [Obs.]

Shak.

Finding himself too weak, began to parle . Milton.

Parle <Xpage=1044>

Parle , n. Conversation; talk; parley. [Obs.]

They ended parle , and both addressed for fight. Milton.

Parley <Xpage=1044>

Par"ley (?) , n. ; pl. Parleys (#) . [F. parler speech, talk, fr. parler to speak, LL. parabolare , fr. L. parabola a comparison, parable, in LL., a word. See Parable , and cf. Parliament , Parlor .] Mutual discourse or conversation; discussion; hence, an oral conference with an enemy, as with regard to a truce.

We yield on parley , but are stormed in vain. Dryden.

To beat a parley (Mil.) , to beat a drum, or sound a trumpet, as a signal for holding a conference with the enemy.

Parley <Xpage=1044>

Par"ley , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Parleyed (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Parleying .] To speak with another; to confer on some point of mutual concern; to discuss orally; hence, specifically, to confer orally with an enemy; to treat with him by words, as on an exchange of prisoners, an armistice, or terms of peace.

They are at hand, To parley or to fight; therefore prepare. Shak.

Parliament <Xpage=1044>

Par"lia*ment (?) , n. [OE. parlement , F. parlement , fr. parler to speak; cf. LL. parlamentum , parliamentum . See Parley .] 1. A parleying; a discussion; a conference. [Obs.]

But first they held their parliament . Rom. of R.

2. A formal conference on public affairs; a general council; esp., an assembly of representatives of a nation or people having authority to make laws.

They made request that it might be lawful for them to summon a parliament of Gauls. Golding.

3. The assembly of the three estates of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, viz., the lords spiritual, lords temporal, and the representatives of the commons, sitting in the House of Lords and the House of Commons, constituting the legislature, when summoned by the royal authority to consult on the affairs of the nation, and to enact and repeal laws.

&hand; Thought the sovereign is a constituting branch of Parliament, the word is generally used to denote the three estates named above.

4. In France, before the Revolution of 1789, one of the several principal judicial courts.

Parliament heel , the inclination of a ship when made to careen by shifting her cargo or ballast. -- Parliament hinge (Arch.) , a hinge with so great a projection from the wall or frame as to allow a door or shutter to swing back flat against the wall. -- Long Parliament , Rump Parliament . See under Long , and Rump .

Parliamental <Xpage=1044>

Par`lia*men"tal (?) , a. Parliamentary. [Obs.]

Parliamentarian <Xpage=1044>

Par`lia*men*ta"ri*an (?) , a. Of or pertaining to Parliament.

Wood.

Parliamentarian <Xpage=1044>

Par`lia*men*ta"ri*an , n. 1. (Eng. Hist.) One who adhered to the Parliament, in opposition to King Charles I.

Walpole.

2. One versed in the rules and usages of Parliament or similar deliberative assemblies; as, an accomplished parliamentarian .

Parliamentarily <Xpage=1044>

Par`lia*men"ta*ri*ly (?) , adv. In a parliamentary manner.

Parliamentary <Xpage=1044>

Par`lia*men"ta*ry (?) , a. [Cf. F. parlementaire .]

1. Of or pertaining to Parliament; as, parliamentary authority .

Bacon.

2. Enacted or done by Parliament; as, a parliamentary act .

Sir M. Hale.

3. According to the rules and usages of Parliament or of deliberative bodies; as, a parliamentary motion .

Parliamentary agent , a person, usually a solicitor, professionally employed by private parties to explain and recommend claims, bills, etc., under consideration of Parliament. [Eng.] -- Parliamentary train , one of the trains which, by act of Parliament, railway companies are required to run for the conveyance of third-class passengers at a reduced rate. [Eng.]

Parlor <Xpage=1044>

Par"lor (?) , n. [OE. parlour , parlur , F. parloir , LL. parlatorium . See Parley .] [Written also parlour .] A room for business or social conversation, for the reception of guests, etc. Specifically: (a) The apartment in a monastery or nunnery where the inmates are permitted to meet and converse with each other, or with visitors and friends from without . Piers Plowman . (b) In large private houses, a sitting room for the family and for familiar guests, -- a room for less formal uses than the drawing-room. Esp., in modern times, the dining room of a house having few apartments, as a London house, where the dining parlor is usually on the ground floor. (c) Commonly, in the United States, a drawing-room, or the room where visitors are received and entertained.

&hand; "In England people who have a drawing-room no longer call it a parlor , as they called it of old and till recently."

Fitzed. Hall.

Parior car . See Palace car , under Car .

Parlous <Xpage=1044>

Par"lous (?) , a. [For perlous , a contr. fr. perilous .]

1. Attended with peril; dangerous; as, a parlous cough . [Archaic] "A parlous snuffing."

Beau. & Fl.

2. Venturesome; bold; mischievous; keen. [Obs.] "A parlous boy." Shak. "A parlous wit." Dryden . -- Par"lous*ly , adv. [Obs.] -- Par"lous*ness , n. [Obs.]

Parmesan <Xpage=1044>

Par`me*san" (?) , a. [F. parmesan , It. parmigiano .] Of or pertaining to Parma in Italy.

Parmesan cheese , a kind of cheese of a rich flavor, though from skimmed milk, made in Parma, Italy.

Parnassia <Xpage=1044>

Par*nas"si*a (?) , n. [NL.] (Bot.) A genus of herbs growing in wet places, and having white flowers; grass of Parnassus.

Parnassian <Xpage=1044>

Par*nas"sian (?) , a. [L. Parnassius .] Of or pertaining to Parnassus.

Parnassian <Xpage=1044>

Par*nas"sian , n. [See Parnassus .] (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of butterflies belonging to the genus Parnassius . They inhabit the mountains, both in the Old World and in America.

Parnassus <Xpage=1044>

Par*nas"sus (?) , n. [L., fr. Gr. <?/.] (Anc. Geog. & Gr. Myth.) A mountain in Greece, sacred to Apollo and the Muses, and famous for a temple of Apollo and for the Castalian spring.

Grass of Parnassus . (Bot.) See under Grass , and Parnassia . -- To climb Parnassus , to write poetry. [Colloq.]

Paroccipital <Xpage=1044>

Par`oc*cip"i*tal (?) , a. [Pref. para- + occipital .] (Anat.) Situated near or beside the occipital condyle or the occipital bone; paramastoid; -- applied especially to a process of the skull in some animals.

Parochial <Xpage=1044>

Pa*ro"chi*al (?) , a. [LL. parochialis , from L. parochia . See Parish .] Of or pertaining to a parish; restricted to a parish; as, parochial duties . " Parochial pastors." Bp. Atterbury . Hence, limited; narrow. "The parochial mind." W. Black .

Parochialism <Xpage=1044>

Pa*ro"chi*al*ism (?) , n. The quality or state of being parochial in form or nature; a system of management peculiar to parishes.

Parochiality <Xpage=1044>

Pa*ro`chi*al"i*ty (?) , n. The state of being parochial. [R.]

Sir J. Marriot.

Parochialize <Xpage=1044>

Pa*ro"chi*al*ize (?) , v. t. To render parochial; to form into parishes.

Parochially <Xpage=1044>

Pa*ro"chi*al*ly , adv. In a parochial manner; by the parish, or by parishes.

Bp. Stillingfleet.

Parochian <Xpage=1044>

Pa*ro"chi*an (?) , a. [See Parochial , Parishioner .] Parochial. [Obs.] " Parochian churches."

Bacon.

Parochian <Xpage=1044>

Pa*ro"chi*an , n. [LL. parochianus .] A parishioner. [Obs.]

Ld. Burleigh.

Parodic, Parodical <Xpage=1044>

Pa*rod"ic (?) , Pa*rod"ic*al (?) , a. [Gr. <?/: cf. F. parodique .] Having the character of parody.

Very paraphrastic, and sometimes parodical . T. Warton.

Parodist <Xpage=1044>

Par"o*dist (?) , n. [Cf. F. parodiste .] One who writes a parody; one who parodies.

Coleridge.

Parody <Xpage=1044>

Par"o*dy (?) , n. ; pl. Parodies (#) . [L. parodia , Gr. <?/; <?/ beside + <?/ a song: cf. F. parodie . See Para- , and Ode .]

1. A writing in which the language or sentiment of an author is mimicked; especially, a kind of literary pleasantry, in which what is written on one subject is altered, and applied to another by way of burlesque; travesty.

The lively parody which he wrote . . . on Dryden's "Hind and Panther" was received with great applause. Macaulay.

2. A popular maxim, adage, or proverb. [Obs.]

Parody <Xpage=1044>

Par"o*dy , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Parodied (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Parodying .] [Cf. F. parodier .] To write a parody upon; to burlesque.

I have translated, or rather parodied , a poem of Horace. Pope.

Paroket <Xpage=1044>

Par"o*ket` (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) See Paroquet .

Parol <Xpage=1044>

Pa*rol" (?) , n. [See Parole , the same word.]

1. A word; an oral utterance. [Obs.]

2. (Law) Oral declaration; word of mouth; also, a writing not under seal.

Blackstone.

Parol <Xpage=1044>

Pa*rol" , a. Given or done by word of mouth; oral; also, given by a writing not under seal; as, parol evidence .

Parol arrest (Law) , an arrest in pursuance of a verbal order from a magistrate. -- Parol contract (Law) , any contract not of record or under seal, whether oral or written; a simple contract.

Chitty. Story.

Parole <Xpage=1044>

Pa*role" (?) , n. [F. parole . See Parley , and cf. Parol .] 1. A word; an oral utterance. [Obs.]

2. Word of promise; word of honor; plighted faith; especially (Mil.) , promise, upon one's faith and honor, to fulfill stated conditions, as not to bear arms against one's captors, to return to custody, or the like.

This man had forfeited his military parole . Macaulay.

3. (Mil.) A watchword given only to officers of guards; -- distinguished from countersign , which is given to all guards.

4. (Law) Oral declaration. See lst Parol , 2.

Parole <Xpage=1044>

Pa*role" , a. See 2d Parol .

Parole <Xpage=1044>

Pa*role" , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Paroled (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Paroling .] (Mil.) To set at liberty on parole; as, to parole prisoners .

Paromology <Xpage=1044>

Par`o*mol"o*gy (?) , n. [Gr. fr. <?/, fr. <?/ to grant; <?/ by, near + <?/ to speak together, agree. See Homologous .] (Rhet.) A concession to an adversary in order to strengthen one's own argument.

Paronomasia <Xpage=1044>

Par`o*no*ma"si*a (?) , n. [L., fr. Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to form a word by a slight change; <?/ beside + <?/ to name, fr. <?/ a name.] (Rhet.) A play upon words; a figure by which the same word is used in different senses, or words similar in sound are set in opposition to each other, so as to give antithetical force to the sentence; punning.

Dryden.

Paronomastic, Paronomastical <Xpage=1044>

Par`o*no*mas"tic (?) , Par`o*no*mas"tic*al (?) , a. Of or pertaining to paronomasia; consisting in a play upon words.

Paronomasy <Xpage=1044>

Par`o*nom"a*sy (?) , n. [Cf. F. paronomasie .] Paronomasia. [R.]

B. Jonson.

Paronychia <Xpage=1044>

Par`o*nych"i*a (?) , n. [L., fr. Gr. <?/; <?/ beside + <?/, <?/, a nail.] (Med.) A whitlow, or felon.

Quincy.