Chapter 1104

Pa*ral"o*gize (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Paralogized (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Paralogizing (?) .] [Gr. <?/.] To reason falsely; to draw conclusions not warranted by the premises. [R.]

Paralogy <Xpage=1041>

Pa*ral"o*gy (?) , n. [Gr. <?/; <?/ beside, beyond + <?/ reason.] False reasoning; paralogism.

Paralyse <Xpage=1041>

Par"a*lyse (?) , v. t. Same as Paralyze .

Paralysis <Xpage=1041>

Pa*ral"y*sis (?) , n. [L., fr. Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to loosen, dissolve, or disable at the side; <?/ beside + <?/ to loosen. See Para- , and Loose , and cf. Palsy .] (Med.) Abolition of function, whether complete or partial; esp., the loss of the power of voluntary motion, with or without that of sensation, in any part of the body; palsy. See Hemiplegia , and Paraplegia . Also used figuratively. "Utter paralysis of memory."

G. Eliot.

Mischievous practices arising out of the paralysis of the powers of ownership. Duke of Argyll (1887).

Paralytic <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*lyt"ic (?) , a. [L. paralyticus , Gr. <?/: cf. F. paralytique .] 1. Of or pertaining to paralysis; resembling paralysis.

2. Affected with paralysis, or palsy.

The cold, shaking, paralytic hand. Prior.

3. Inclined or tending to paralysis.

Paralytic secretion (Physiol.) , the fluid, generally thin and watery, secreted from a gland after section or paralysis of its nerves, as the pralytic saliva.

Paralytic <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*lyt"ic , n. A person affected with paralysis.

Paralytical <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*lyt"ic*al (?) , a. See Paralytic .

Paralyzation <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*ly*za"tion (?) , n. The act or process of paralyzing, or the state of being paralyzed.

Paralyze <Xpage=1041>

Par"a*lyze (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Paralyzed (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Paralyzing (?) .] [F. paralyser . See Paralysis .]

1. To affect or strike with paralysis or palsy.

2. Fig.: To unnerve; to destroy or impair the energy of; to render ineffective; as, the occurrence paralyzed the community; despondency paralyzed his efforts.

Param <Xpage=1041>

Par"am (?) , n. (Chem.) A white crystalline nitrogenous substance ( C2H4N4 ); -- called also dicyandiamide .

Paramagnetic <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*mag*net"ic (?) , a. [Pref. para- + magnetic .] Magnetic, as opposed to diamagnetic . -- n. A paramagnetic substance. Faraday . -- Par`a*mag*net"ic*al*ly (#) , adv.

Paramagnetism <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*mag"net*ism (?) , n. Magnetism, as opposed to diamagnetism .

Faraday.

Paramaleic <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*ma*le"ic (?) , a. [Pref. para- + maleic .] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid obtained from malic acid, and now called fumaric acid . [Obs.]

Paramalic <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*ma"lic (?) , a. [Pref. para- + malic .] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an organic acid metameric with malic acid.

Paramastoid <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*mas"toid (?) , a. [Pref. para- + mastoid .] (Anat.) Situated beside, or near, the mastoid portion of the temporal bone; paroccipital; -- applied especially to a process of the skull in some animals.

Paramatta <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*mat"ta (?) , n. [So named from Paramatta , in Australia.] A light fabric of cotton and worsted, resembling bombazine or merino.

Beck (Draper's Dict.)

Parament <Xpage=1041>

Par"a*ment (?) , n. [Sp. paramento , from parar to prepare, L. parare .] Ornamental hangings, furniture, etc., as of a state apartment; rich and elegant robes worn by men of rank; -- chiefly in the plural. [Obs.]

Lords in paraments on their coursers. Chaucer.

Chamber of paraments , presence chamber of a monarch.

Paramento <Xpage=1041>

Pa`ra*men"to (?) , n. [Sp.] Ornament; decoration.

Beau. & Fl.

Paramere <Xpage=1041>

Par"a*mere (?) , n. [Pref. para- + -mere .] (Zo\'94l.) One of the symmetrical halves of any one of the radii, or spheromeres, of a radiate animal, as a starfish.

Parameter <Xpage=1041>

Pa*ram"e*ter (?) , n. [Pref. para- + -meter : cf. F. param\'8atre .] 1. (a) (Math.) A term applied to some characteristic magnitude whose value, invariable as long as one and the same function, curve, surface, etc., is considered, serves to distinguish that function, curve, surface, etc., from others of the same kind or family. Brande & C. (b) Specifically (Conic Sections) , in the ellipse and hyperbola, a third proportional to any diameter and its conjugate, or in the parabola, to any abscissa and the corresponding ordinate.

&hand; The parameter of the principal axis of a conic section is called the latus rectum .

2. (Crystallog.) The ratio of the three crystallographic axes which determines the position of any plane; also, the fundamental axial ratio for a given species.

Parametritis <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*me*tri"tis (?) , n. [NL. See Para- , and Metritis .] (Med.) Inflammation of the cellular tissue in the vicinity of the uterus.

Paramiographer <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*mi*og"ra*pher (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ proverb + -graph + -er .] A collector or writer of proverbs. [R.]

Paramitome <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*mi"tome (?) , n. [Pref. para- + mitome .] (Biol.) The fluid portion of the protoplasm of a cell.

Paramo <Xpage=1041>

Pa"ra*mo (?) , n. ; pl. Paramos (#) . [Sp. p\'91ramo .] A high, bleak plateau or district, with stunted trees, and cold, damp atmosphere, as in the Andes, in South America.

Paramorph <Xpage=1041>

Par"a*morph (?) , n. [Pref. para- + Gr. <?/ form.] (Min.) A kind of pseudomorph, in which there has been a change of physical characters without alteration of chemical composition, as the change of aragonite to calcite.

Paramorphism <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*mor"phism (?) , n. (Min.) The change of one mineral species to another, so as to involve a change in physical characters without alteration of chemical composition.

Paramorphous <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*mor"phous (?) , a. (Min.) Relating to paramorphism; exhibiting paramorphism.

Paramount <Xpage=1041>

Par"a*mount (?) , a. [OF. par amont above; par through, by (L. per ) + amont above. See Amount .] Having the highest rank or jurisdiction; superior to all others; chief; supreme; pre\'89minent; as, a paramount duty . "A traitor paramount ."

Bacon.

Lady paramount (Archery) , the lady making the best score. -- Lord paramount , the king.

Syn. Superior; principal; pre\'89minent; chief.

Paramount <Xpage=1041>

Par"a*mount , n. The highest or chief.

Milton.

Paramountly <Xpage=1041>

Par"a*mount`ly , adv. In a paramount manner.

Paramour <Xpage=1041>

Par"a*mour (?) , n. [F. par amour , lit., by or with love. See 2d Par , and Amour .] 1. A lover, of either sex; a wooer or a mistress (formerly in a good sense, now only in a bad one); one who takes the place, without possessing the rights, of a husband or wife; -- used of a man or a woman.

The seducer appeared with dauntless front, accompanied by his paramour Macaulay.

2. Love; gallantry. [Obs.] "For paramour and jollity."

Chaucer.

Paramour, Paramours <Xpage=1041>

Par"a*mour` , Par"a*mours` (?) , adv. By or with love, esp. the love of the sexes; -- sometimes written as two words. [Obs.]

For par amour , I loved her first ere thou. Chaucer.

Paramylum <Xpage=1041>

Par*am"y*lum (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ beside + <?/ starch.] (Chem.) A substance resembling starch, found in the green frothy scum formed on the surface of stagnant water.

Paranaphthalene <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*naph"tha*lene (?) , n. [Pref. para- + naphthalene .] (Chem.) Anthracene; -- called also paranaphthaline . [Obs.]

Paranoia <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*noi"a (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/.] (Med.) Mental derangement; insanity.

Paranthracene <Xpage=1041>

Par*an"thra*cene (?) , n. [Pref. par a- + anthracene .] (Chem.) An inert isomeric modification of anthracene.

Paranucleus <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*nu"cle*us (?) , n. [Pref. para- + nucleus .] (Biol.) Some as Nucleolus .

Para nut <Xpage=1041>

Pa*ra" nut` (?) . (Bot.) The Brazil nut.

Paranymph <Xpage=1041>

Par"a*nymph (?) , n. [L. paranymphus , Gr. <?/; <?/ beside, near + <?/ a bride: cf. F. paranymphe .]

1. (Gr. Antiq.) (a) A friend of the bridegroom who went with him in his chariot to fetch home the bride. Milton . (b) The bridesmaid who conducted the bride to the bridegroom.

2. Hence: An ally; a supporter or abettor.

Jer. Taylor.

Paranymphal <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*nym"phal (?) , a. Bridal; nuptial. [R.]

At some paranymphal feast. Ford.

Parapectin <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*pec"tin (?) , n. [Pref. para- + pectin .] (Chem.) A gelatinous modification of pectin.

Parapegm <Xpage=1041>

Par"a*pegm (?) , n. [L. parapegma , Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ to fix beside; <?/ beside + <?/ to fix: cf. F. parapegme .] An engraved tablet, usually of brass, set up in a public place.

&hand; Parapegms were used for the publication of laws, proclamations, etc., and the recording of astronomical phenomena or calendar events.

Parapeptone <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*pep"tone (?) , n. [Pref. para- + peptone .] (Phisiol. Chem.) An albuminous body formed in small quantity by the peptic digestion of proteids. It can be converted into peptone by pancreatic juice, but not by gastric juice.

Parapet <Xpage=1041>

Par"a*pet (?) , n. [F., fr. It. parapetto , fr. parare to ward off, guard (L. parare to prepare, provide) + petto the breast, L. pectus . See Parry , and Pectoral .]

1. (Arch.) A low wall, especially one serving to protect the edge of a platform, roof, bridge, or the like.

2. (Fort.) A wall, rampart, or elevation of earth, for covering soldiers from an enemy's fire; a breastwork. See Illust . of Casemate .

Parapetalous <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*pet"al*ous (?) , a. [Pref. para- + petal .] (Bot.) Growing by the side of a petal, as a stamen.

Parapeted <Xpage=1041>

Par"a*pet`ed , a. Having a parapet.

Paraph <Xpage=1041>

Par"aph (?) , n. [F. paraphe , parafe , contr. fr. paragraphe .] A flourish made with the pen at the end of a signature. In the Middle Ages, this formed a sort of rude safeguard against forgery.

Brande & C.

Paraph <Xpage=1041>

Par"aph , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Paraphed (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Paraphing .] [Cf. F. parapher , parafer .] To add a paraph to; to sign, esp. with the initials.

Parapherna <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*pher"na (?) , n. pl. [L.] (Rom. Law) The property of a woman which, on her marriage, was not made a part of her dower, but remained her own.

Paraphernal <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*pher"nal (?) , a. [Cf. F. paraphernal .] Of or pertaining to paraphernalia; as, paraphernal property .

Kent.

Paraphernalia <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*pher*na"li*a (?) , n. pl. [LL. paraphernalia bona , fr. L. parapherna , pl., parapherna, Gr. <?/; <?/ beside + <?/ a bride's dowry, fr. fe`rein to bring. See 1st Bear .]

1. (Law) Something reserved to a wife, over and above her dower, being chiefly apparel and ornaments suited to her degree.

2. Appendages; ornaments; finery; equipments.

Paraphimosis <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*phi*mo"sis (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/; <?/ beyond + <?/ to muzzle.] (Med.) A condition in which the prepuce, after being retracted behind the glans penis, is constricted there, and can not be brought forward into place again.

Paraphosphoric <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*phos*phor"ic (?) , a. [Pref. para- + phosphoric .] (Chem.) Pyrophosphoric. [Obs.]

Paraphagma <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*phag"ma (?) , n. ; pl. Paraphragmata (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ beside + <?/, <?/, an inclosure.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the outer divisions of an endosternite of Crustacea. -- Par`a*phrag"mal (#) , a.

Paraphrase <Xpage=1041>

Par"a*phrase (?) , n. [L. paraphrasis , Gr. <?/, from <?/ to say the same thing in other words; <?/ beside + <?/ to speak: cf. F. paraphrase . See Para- , and Phrase .] A restatement of a text, passage, or work, expressing the meaning of the original in another form, generally for the sake of its clearer and fuller exposition; a setting forth the signification of a text in other and ampler terms; a free translation or rendering; -- opposed to metaphrase .

In paraphrase , or translation with latitude, the author's words are not so strictly followed as his sense. Dryden.

Excellent paraphrases of the Psalms of David. I. Disraeli.

His sermons a living paraphrase upon his practice. Sowth.

The Targums are also called the Chaldaic or Aramaic Paraphrases . Shipley.

Paraphrase <Xpage=1041>

Par"a*phrase , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Paraphrased (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Paraphrasing (?) .] To express, interpret, or translate with latitude; to give the meaning of a passage in other language.

We are put to construe and paraphrase our own words. Bp. Stillingfleet.

Paraphrase <Xpage=1041>

Par"a*phrase , v. i. To make a paraphrase.

Paraphraser <Xpage=1041>

Par"a*phra`ser (?) , n. One who paraphrases.

Paraphrasian <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*phra"sian (?) , n. A paraphraser. [R.]

Paraphrast <Xpage=1041>

Par"a*phrast (?) , n. [L. paraphrastes , Gr. <?/: cf. F. paraphraste .] A paraphraser.

T. Warton.

Paraphrastic, Paraphrastical <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*phras"tic (?) , Par`a*phras"tic*al (?) , a. [Gr.<?/: cf. F. paraphrastique .] Paraphrasing; of the nature of paraphrase; explaining, or translating in words more clear and ample than those of the author; not literal; free. -- Par`a*phras"tic*al*ly , adv.

Paraphysis <Xpage=1041>

Pa*raph"y*sis (?) , n. ; pl. Paraphyses (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ beside + <?/ growth.] (Bot.) A minute jointed filament growing among the archegonia and antheridia of mosses, or with the spore cases, etc., of other flowerless plants.

Paraplegia, Paraplegy <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*ple"gi*a (?) , Par"a*ple`gy (?) , n. [NL. paraplegia , fr. Gr. <?/ hemiplegia, fr. <?/ to strike at the side; <?/ beside + <?/ to strike: cf. F. parapl\'82gie .] (Med.) Palsy of the lower half of the body on both sides, caused usually by disease of the spinal cord. -- Par`a*pleg"ic (#) , a.

Parapleura <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*pleu"ra (?) , n. ; pl. Parapleur\'91 (#) . [NL. See Para- , and 2d Pleura .] (Zo\'94l.) A chitinous piece between the metasternum and the pleuron of certain insects.

Parapodium <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*po"di*um (?) , n. ; pl. Parapodia (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ beside + <?/, dim. of <?/ foot.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the lateral appendages of an annelid; -- called also foot tubercle .

&hand; They may serve for locomotion, respiration, and sensation, and often contain spines or set\'91. When well developed, a dorsal part, or notopodium , and a ventral part, or neuropodium , are distinguished.

Parapophysis <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*poph"y*sis (?) , n. ; pl. Parapophyses (#) . [NL. See Para- , and Apophysis .] (Anat.) The ventral transverse, or capitular, process of a vertebra. See Vertebra . -- Par*ap`o*phys"ic*al (#) , a.

Parapterum <Xpage=1041>

Pa*rap"te*rum (?) , n. ; pl. Paraptera (#) . [NL. See Para- , and Pteron .] (Zo\'94l.) A special plate situated on the sides of the mesothorax and metathorax of certain insects.

Paraquet, Paraquito <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*quet" (?) , Par`a*qui"to (?) , n. [See Paroquet .] (Zo\'94l.) See Parrakeet .

Parasang <Xpage=1041>

Par"a*sang (?) , n. [L. parasanga , Gr. <?/, from Old Persian; cf. Per. farsang .] A Persian measure of length, which, according to Herodotus and Xenophon, was thirty stadia, or somewhat more than three and a half miles. The measure varied in different times and places, and, as now used, is estimated at from three and a half to four English miles.

Parascenium <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*sce"ni*um (?) , n. ; pl. Parascenia (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/; <?/ beside + <?/ stage.] (Greek & Rom. Antiq.) One of two apartments adjoining the stage, probably used as robing rooms.

Parasceve <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*sce"ve (?) , n. [L., from Gr. <?/, lit., preparation.] 1. Among the Jews, the evening before the Sabbath. [Obs.]

Mark xv. 42 (Douay ver.)

2. A preparation. [R.]

Donne.

Paraschematic <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*sche*mat"ic (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ to change from the true form.] Of or pertaining to a change from the right form, as in the formation of a word from another by a change of termination, gender, etc.

Max M\'81ller.

Paraselene <Xpage=1041>

Par`a*se*le"ne (?) , n. ; pl. Paraselen\'91 (#) . [NL., from Gr. <?/ beside + <?/ the moon: cf. F. paras\'82l\'8ane .] (Meteor.) A mock moon; an image of the moon which sometimes appears at the point of intersection of two lunar halos. Cf. Parhelion .

Parasita <Xpage=1041>