Chapter 1075

Orpheline <Xpage=1013>

Or"phe*line (?) , n. [F. orphelin . See Orphan .] An orphan. [Obs.]

Udcll.

Orpheus <Xpage=1013>

Or"phe*us (?) , n. [L. Orpheus , Gr. <?/.] (Gr. Myth.) The famous mythic Thracian poet, son of the Muse Calliope, and husband of Eurydice. He is reputed to have had power to entrance beasts and inanimate objects by the music of his lyre.

Orphic <Xpage=1013>

Or"phic (?) , a. [L. Orphicus , Gr. <?/.] Pertaining to Orpheus; Orphean; as, Orphic hymns .

Orphrey <Xpage=1013>

Or"phrey (?) , n. [See Orfrays .] A band of rich embroidery, wholly or in part of gold, affixed to vestments, especially those of ecclesiastics.

Pugin.

Orpiment <Xpage=1013>

Or"pi*ment (?) , n. [F., fr. L. auripigmentum ; aurum gold + pigmentum pigment. Cf. Aureate , Pigment , Orpin , Orpine .] (Chem.) Arsenic sesquisulphide, produced artificially as an amorphous lemonyellow powder, and occurring naturally as a yellow crystalline mineral; -- formerly called auripigment . It is used in king's yellow, in white Indian fire, and in certain technical processes, as indigo printing.

Our orpiment and sublimed mercurie. Chaucer.

Red orpiment , realgar; the red sulphide of arsenic. -- Yellow orpiment , king's yellow.

Orpin <Xpage=1013>

Or"pin , n. [F., orpiment, also, the plant orpine. See Orpiment .] 1. A yellow pigment of various degrees of intensity, approaching also to red.

2. (Bot.) The orpine.

Orpine <Xpage=1013>

Or"pine (?) , n. [F. orpin the genus of plants which includes orpine; -- so called from the yellow blossoms of a common species ( Sedum acre ). See Orpiment .] (Bot.) A low plant with fleshy leaves ( Sedum telephium ), having clusters of purple flowers. It is found on dry, sandy places, and on old walls, in England, and has become naturalized in America. Called also stonecrop , and live-forever . [Written also orpin .]

Orrach <Xpage=1013>

Or"rach (?) , n. See Orach .

Orrery <Xpage=1013>

Or"re*ry (?) , n. ; pl. Orreries (#) . [So named in honor of the Earl of Orrery .] An apparatus which illustrates, by the revolution of balls moved by wheelwork, the relative size, periodic motions, positions, orbits, etc., of bodies in the solar system.

Orris <Xpage=1013>

Or"ris (?) , n. [Prob. corrupted from It. ireos iris. See Iris .] (Bot.) A plant of the genus Iris ( I. Florentina ); a kind of flower-de-luce. Its rootstock has an odor resembling that of violets.

Orris pea (Med.) , an issue pea made from orris root. -- Orris root , the fragrant rootstock of the orris.

Orris <Xpage=1013>

Or"ris (?) , n. 1. [Contr. from orfrays , or from arras .] A sort of gold or silver lace.

Johnson.

2. A peculiar pattern in which gold lace or silver lace is worked; especially, one in which the edges are ornamented with conical figures placed at equal distances, with spots between them.

Orsedew, Orsedue <Xpage=1013>

Orse"dew (?) , Or"se*due (?) , n. Leaf metal of bronze; Dutch metal. See under Dutch .

Orseille <Xpage=1013>

Or`seille" (?) , n. [F.] See Archil .

Orsellic <Xpage=1013>

Or*sel"lic (?) , a. [From F. orseille archil. See Archil .] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid found in certain lichens, and called also lecanoric acid . [Formerly written also orseillic .]

Orsellinic <Xpage=1013>

Or`sel*lin"ic (?) , a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an organic acid obtained by a partial decomposition of orsellic acid as a white crystalline substance, and related to protocatechuic acid.

Ort <Xpage=1013>

Ort (?) , n. ; pl. Orts (#) . [Akin to LG. ort , ortels , remnants of food, refuse, OFries. ort , OD. oorete , ooraete ; prob. from the same prefix as in E. or deal + a word akin to eat .] A morsel left at a meal; a fragment; refuse; -- commonly used in the plural.

Milton.

Let him have time a beggar's orts to crave. Shak.

Ortalidian <Xpage=1013>

Or`ta*lid"i*an (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous small two-winged flies of the family Ortalid\'91 . The larv\'91 of many of these flies live in fruit; those of others produce galls on various plants.

Orthid <Xpage=1013>

Or"thid (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) A brachiopod shell of the genus Orthis, and allied genera, of the family Orthid\'91 .

Orthis <Xpage=1013>

Or"this (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ straight.] (Zo\'94l.) An extinct genus of Brachiopoda, abundant in the Paleozoic rocks.

Orthite <Xpage=1013>

Or"thite (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ straight.] (Min.) A variety of allanite occurring in slender prismatic crystals.

Ortho- <Xpage=1013>

Or"tho- (?) . [Gr. <?/ straight; akin to Skr. <?/rdhva upright, vrdh to grow, to cause to grow.]

1. A combining form signifying straight , right , upright , correct , regular ; as, ortho dromy, ortho diagonal, ortho dox, ortho graphic .

2. (Chem.) A combining form (also used adjectively) , designating: (a) (Inorganic Chem.) The one of several acids of the same element (as the phosphoric acids), which actually occurs with the greatest number of hydroxyl groups ; as, ortho phosphoric acid . Cf. Normal . (b) (Organic Chem.) Connection with , or affinity to , one variety of isomerism, characteristic of the benzene compounds; -- contrasted with meta- or para- ; as, the ortho position ; hence, designating any substance showing such isomerism; as, an ortho compound .

&hand; In the graphic representation of the benzene nucleus (see Benzene nucleus , under Benzene ), provisionally adopted, any substance exhibiting double substitution in adjacent and contiguous carbon atoms, as 1 & 2, 3 & 4, 4 & 5, etc., is designated by ortho- ; as, ortho xylene; any substance exhibiting substitution of two carbon atoms with one intervening, as 1 & 3, 2 & 4, 3 & 5, 4 & 6, etc., by meta- ; as, resorcin or meta xylene; any substance exhibiting substitution in opposite parts, as 1 & 4, 2 & 5, 3 & 6, by para- ; as, hydroquinone or para xylene.

Orthocarbonic <Xpage=1013>

Or`tho*car*bon"ic (?) , a. [ Ortho- + carbonic .] (Chem.) Designating a complex ether, C.(OC2H5)4 , which is obtained as a liquid of a pleasant ethereal odor by means of chlorpicrin, and is believed to be a derivative of the hypothetical normal carbonic acid, C.(OH)4 .

Orthocenter <Xpage=1013>

Or`tho*cen"ter (?) , n. [ Ortho- + center .] (Geom.) That point in which the three perpendiculars let fall from the angles of a triangle upon the opposite sides, or the sides produced, mutually intersect.

Orthoceras <Xpage=1013>

Or*thoc"e*ras (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ straight + <?/ a horn.] (Paleon.) An extinct genus of Paleozoic Cephalopoda, having a long, straight, conical shell. The interior is divided into numerous chambers by transverse septa.

Orthoceratite <Xpage=1013>

Or`tho*cer"a*tite (?) , n. [ Ortho- + Gr. <?/, <?/, a horn.] (Zo\'94l.) An orthoceras; also, any fossil shell allied to Orthoceras.

Orthoclase <Xpage=1013>

Or"tho*clase (?) , n. [ Ortho- + Gr. <?/ to break.] (Min.) Common or potash feldspar crystallizing in the monoclinic system and having two cleavages at right angles to each other. See Feldspar .

Orthoclastic <Xpage=1013>

Or`tho*clas"tic (?) , a. (Crystallog.) Breaking in directions at right angles to each other; -- said of the monoclinic feldspars.

Orthodiagonal <Xpage=1013>

Or`tho*di*ag"o*nal (?) , n. [ Ortho- + diagonal .] (Crystallog.) The diagonal or lateral axis in a monoclinic crystal which is at right angles with the vertical axis.

Orthodome <Xpage=1013>

Or"tho*dome (?) , n. [ Ortho- + dome .] (Crystallog.) See the Note under Dome , 4.

Orthodox <Xpage=1013>

Or"tho*dox (?) , a. [L. orthodoxus , Gr. <?/; <?/ right, true + <?/ opinion, <?/ to think, seem; cf. F. orthodoxe . See Ortho- , Dogma .] 1. Sound in opinion or doctrine, especially in religious doctrine; hence, holding the Christian faith; believing the doctrines taught in the Scriptures; -- opposed to heretical and heterodox ; as, an orthodox Christian .

2. According or congruous with the doctrines of Scripture, the creed of a church, the decree of a council, or the like; as, an orthodox opinion, book, etc .

3. Approved; conventional.

He saluted me on both cheeks in the orthodox manner. H. R. Haweis.

&hand; The term orthodox differs in its use among the various Christian communions. The Greek Church styles itself the "Holy Orthodox Apostolic Church," regarding all other bodies of Christians as more or less heterodox. The Roman Catholic Church regards the Protestant churches as heterodox in many points. In the United States the term orthodox is frequently used with reference to divergent views on the doctrine of the Trinity. Thus it has been common to speak of the Trinitarian Congregational churches in distinction from the Unitarian, as Orthodox . The name is also applied to the conservative, in distinction from the "liberal", or Hicksite, body in the Society of Friends.

Schaff-Herzog Encyc.

<page="1014"> Page 1014

Orthodoxal <Xpage=1014>

Or"tho*dox`al (?) , a. Pertaining to, or evincing, orthodoxy; orthodox. [R.]

Milton.

Orthodoxality <Xpage=1014>

Or`tho*dox*al"i*ty (?) , n. Orthodoxness. [R.]

Orthodoxally <Xpage=1014>

Or"tho*dox`al*ly (?) , adv. Orthodoxly. [R.]

Milton

Orthodoxastical <Xpage=1014>

Or`tho*dox*as"tic*al (?) , a. Orthodox. [Obs.]

Orthodoxical <Xpage=1014>

Or`tho*dox"ic*al (?) , a. Pertaining to, or evincing, orthodoxy; orthodox.

Orthodoxly <Xpage=1014>

Or"tho*dox`ly (?) , adv. In an orthodox manner; with soundness of faith.

Sir W. Hamilton.

Orthodoxness <Xpage=1014>

Or"tho*dox`ness , n. The quality or state of being orthodox; orthodoxy.

Waterland.

Orthodoxy <Xpage=1014>

Or"tho*dox`y (?) , n. [Gr. <?/: cf. F. orthodoxie . See Orthodox .] 1. Soundness of faith; a belief in the doctrines taught in the Scriptures, or in some established standard of faith; -- opposed to heterodoxy or to heresy .

Basil himself bears full and clear testimony to Gregory's orthodoxy . Waterland.

2. Consonance to genuine Scriptural doctrines; -- said of moral doctrines and beliefs; as, the orthodoxy of a creed .

3. By extension, said of any correct doctrine or belief.

Orthodromic <Xpage=1014>

Or`tho*drom"ic (?) , a. [ Ortho- + Gr. <?/ to run.] Of or pertaining to orthodromy.

Orthodromics <Xpage=1014>

Or`tho*drom"ics (?) , n. The art of sailing in a direct course, or on the arc of a great circle, which is the shortest distance between any two points on the surface of the globe; great-circle sailing; orthodromy.

Orthodromy <Xpage=1014>

Or"tho*drom`y (?) , n. [Cf. F. orthodromie .] The act or art of sailing on a great circle.

Ortho\'89pic, Ortho\'89pical <Xpage=1014>

Or`tho*\'89p"ic (?) , Or`tho*\'89p"ic*al (?) , a. Of or pertaining to ortho\'89py, or correct pronunciation. -- Or`tho*\'89p"ic*al*ly , adv.

Ortho\'89pist <Xpage=1014>

Or"tho*\'89*pist (?) , n. One who is skilled in ortho\'89py.

Ortho\'89py <Xpage=1014>

Or"tho*\'89*py (?) , n. [Gr. <?/; <?/ right + <?/ a word: cf. F. ortho\'82pie . See Ortho- , and Epic .] The art of uttering words corectly; a correct pronunciation of words; also, mode of pronunciation.

Orthogamy <Xpage=1014>

Or*thog"a*my (?) , n. [ Ortho- + Gr. <?/ marriage.] (Bot.) Direct fertilization in plants, as when the pollen fertilizing the ovules comes from the stamens of the same blossom; -- opposed to heterogamy .

Orthognathic <Xpage=1014>

Or`thog*nath"ic (?) , a. Orthognathous.

Orthognathism <Xpage=1014>

Or*thog"na*thism (?) , n. (Anat.) The quality or state of being orthognathous.

Huxley.

Orthognathous <Xpage=1014>

Or*thog"na*thous (?) , a. [ Ortho- + Gr. <?/ the jaw.] (Anat.) Having the front of the head, or the skull, nearly perpendicular, not retreating backwards above the jaws; -- opposed to prognathous . See Gnathic index , under Gnathic .

Orthogon <Xpage=1014>

Or"tho*gon (?) , n. [ Ortho- + Gr. <?/ angle: cf. F. orthogone , a.] (Geom.) A rectangular figure.

Orthogonal <Xpage=1014>

Or*thog"o*nal (?) , a. [Cf. F. orthogonal .] Right-angled; rectangular; as, an orthogonal intersection of one curve with another .

Orthogonal projection . See under Orthographic .

Orthogonally <Xpage=1014>

Or*thog"o*nal*ly , adv. Perpendicularly; at right angles; as, a curve cuts a set of curves orthogonally .

Orthographer <Xpage=1014>

Or*thog"ra*pher (?) , n. One versed in orthography; one who spells words correctly.

Orthographic, Orthographical <Xpage=1014>

Or`tho*graph"ic (?) , Or`tho*graph"ic*al (?) , a. [Cf. F. orthographique , L. orthographus , Gr. <?/.]

1. Of or pertaining to orthography, or right spelling; also, correct in spelling; as, orthographical rules; the letter was orthographic .

2. (Geom.) Of or pertaining to right lines or angles.

Orthographic &or; Orthogonal , projection , that projection which is made by drawing lines, from every point to be projected, perpendicular to the plane of projection. Such a projection of the sphere represents its circles as seen in perspective by an eye supposed to be placed at an infinite distance, the plane of projection passing through the center of the sphere perpendicularly to the line of sight.

Orthographically <Xpage=1014>

Or`tho*graph"ic*al*ly , adv. In an orthographical manner : (a) according to the rules of proper spelling ; (b) according to orthographic projection.

Orthographist <Xpage=1014>

Or*thog"ra*phist (?) , n. One who spells words correctly; an orthographer.

Orthographize <Xpage=1014>

Or*thog"ra*phize (?) , v. t. To spell correctly or according to usage; to correct in regard to spelling.

In the coalesced into ith , which modern reaction has orthographized to i' th' . Earle.

Orthography <Xpage=1014>

Or*thog"ra*phy (?) , n. [OE. ortographie , OF. orthographie , L. orthographia , Gr. <?/, fr. <?/ writing correctly; <?/ right + <?/ to write. See Ortho- , and Graphic .]

1. The art or practice of writing words with the proper letters, according to standard usage; conventionally correct spelling; also, mode of spelling; as, his orthography is vicious .

When spelling no longer follows the pronunciation, but is hardened into orthography . Earle.

2. The part of grammar which treats of the letters, and of the art of spelling words correctly.

3. A drawing in correct projection, especially an elevation or a vertical section.

Orthology <Xpage=1014>

Or*thol"o*gy (?) , n. [Gr. <?/; <?/ right + <?/ speech, description: cf. F. orthologie .] The right description of things. [R.]

Fotherby.

Orthometric <Xpage=1014>

Or`tho*met"ric (?) , a. [See Orthometry .] (Crystallog.) Having the axes at right angles to one another; -- said of crystals or crystalline forms.

Orthometry <Xpage=1014>

Or*thom"e*try (?) , n. [ Ortho- + -metry .] The art or practice of constructing verses correctly; the laws of correct versification.

Orthomorphic <Xpage=1014>

Or`tho*mor"phic (?) , a. [ Ortho- + morphic .] (Geom.) Having the right form.

Orthomorphic projection , a projection in which the angles in the figure to be projected are equal to the corresponding angles in the projected figure.

Orthopedic, Orthopedical <Xpage=1014>

Or`tho*ped"ic (?) , Or`tho*ped"ic*al (?) , a. (Med.) Pertaining to, or employed in, orthopedy; relating to the prevention or cure of deformities of children, or, in general, of the human body at any age; as, orthopedic surgery; an orthopedic hospital.

Orthopedist <Xpage=1014>

Or*thop"e*dist (?) , n. (Med.) One who prevents, cures, or remedies deformities, esp. in children.

Orthopedy <Xpage=1014>

Or*thop"e*dy (?) , n. [ Ortho- + Gr. <?/, <?/, a child.] (Med.) The art or practice of curing the deformities of children, or, by extension, any deformities of the human body.

Orthophony <Xpage=1014>

Or*thoph"o*ny (?) , n. [ Ortho- + Gr. <?/ voice.] The art of correct articulation; voice training.

Orthopinacoid <Xpage=1014>

Or`tho*pin"a*coid (?) , n. [ Ortho- + pinacoid .] (Crystallog.) A name given to the two planes in the monoclinic system which are parallel to the vertical and orthodiagonal axes.

Orthopn</a, Orthopny <Xpage=1014>

Or`thop*n<?/"a (?) , Or*thop"ny (?) , n. [L. orthopnoea , Gr. <?/; <?/ straight, right + <?/ to breathe: cf. F. orthopn\'82e .] (Med.) Specifically, a morbid condition in which respiration can be performed only in an erect posture; by extension, any difficulty of breathing.

Orthopoda <Xpage=1014>

Or*thop"o*da (?) , n. pl. [NL. See Ortho- , and -poda .] (Zo\'94l.) An extinct order of reptiles which stood erect on the hind legs, and resembled birds in the structure of the feet, pelvis, and other parts.

Orthopraxy <Xpage=1014>

Or"tho*prax`y (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ straight + <?/ a doing.] (Med.) The treatment of deformities in the human body by mechanical appliances.

Orthoptera <Xpage=1014>

Or*thop"te*ra (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ straight + <?/ feather, wing.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of mandibulate insects including grasshoppers, locusts, cockroaches, etc. See Illust . under Insect .

&hand; The anterior wings are usually thickened and protect the posterior wings, which are larger and fold longitudinally like a fan. The Orthoptera undergo no metamorphosis.

Orthopteran <Xpage=1014>

Or*thop"ter*an (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) One of the Orthoptera.

Orthopterous <Xpage=1014>