Chapter 1065

O`\'94*pho*rid"i*um (?) , n. ; pl. L. O\'94phorida (#) , E. O\'94phoridiums (#) . [NL., dim. fr. Gr. <?/. See O\'94phore .] (Bot.) The macrosporangium or case for the larger kind of spores in heterosporous flowerless plants.

O\'94phoritis <Xpage=1003>

O`\'94*pho*ri"tis (?) , n. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ egg + <?/ to bear + -itis .] (Med.) Ovaritis.

O\'94phyte <Xpage=1003>

O"\'94*phyte (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ an egg + <?/ a plant.] (Bot.) Any plant of a proposed class or grand division (collectively termed o\'94phytes or O\'94phyta ), which have their sexual reproduction accomplished by motile antherozoids acting on o\'94spheres, either while included in their o\'94gonia or after exclusion.

&hand; This class was at first called O\'94spore\'91 , and is made to include all alg\'91 and fungi which have this kind of reproduction, however they may differ in all other respects, the contrasted classes of Thallophytes being Protophytes , Zygophytes , and Carpophytes . The whole system has its earnest advocates, but is rejected by many botanists. See Carpophyte .

<page="1004"> Page 1004

O\'94phytic <Xpage=1004>

O`\'94*phyt"ic (?) , a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to an o\'94phyte.

O\'94rial <Xpage=1004>

O*\'94"ri*al (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) A wild, bearded sheep inhabiting the Ladakh mountains. It is reddish brown, with a dark beard from the chin to the chest.

O\'94sperm <Xpage=1004>

O"\'94*sperm (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ an egg + E. sperm .] (Biol.) The ovum, after fusion with the spermatozo\'94n in impregnation.

Balfour.

O\'94spere <Xpage=1004>

O"\'94*spere (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ an egg + E. sphere .]

1. (Bot.) An unfertilized, rounded mass of protoplasm, produced in an o\'94gonium.

&hand; After being fertilized by the access of antherozoids it becomes covered with a cell wall and develops into an o\'94spore, which may grow into a new plant like the parent.

2. (Bot.) An analogous mass of protoplasm in the ovule of a flowering plant; an embryonic vesicle.

Goodale.

O\'94sporangium <Xpage=1004>

O`\'94*spo*ran"gi*um (?) , n. ; pl. L. O\'94sporangia (#) , E. O\'94sporangiums (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ an egg + <?/ vessel.] (Bot.) An o\'94gonium; also, a case containing oval or rounded spores of some other kind than o\'94spores.

O\'94spore <Xpage=1004>

O"\'94*spore (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ an egg + <?/ a seed.] (Bot.) (a) A special kind of spore resulting from the fertilization of an o\'94sphere by antherozoids. (b) A fertilized o\'94sphere in the ovule of a flowering plant.

O\'94sporic <Xpage=1004>

O`\'94*spor"ic (?) , a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to an o\'94spore.

O\'94stegite <Xpage=1004>

O*\'94s"te*gite (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ + <?/ a roof.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the plates which in some Crustacea inclose a cavity wherein the eggs are hatched.

O\'94theca <Xpage=1004>

O`\'94*the"ca (?) , n. ; pl. O\'94thec\'91 (#) . [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ an egg + <?/ a case.] (Zo\'94l.) An egg case, especially those of many kinds of mollusks, and of some insects, as the cockroach. Cf. O\'d2cium .

O\'94tooid, O\'94tocoid <Xpage=1004>

O*\'94t"*ooid (?) , O*\'94t"o*coid (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ laying eggs (<?/ egg + <?/ a bearing, <?/ to bear) + -oid .] (Zo\'94l.) A half oviparous, or an oviparous, mammal; a marsupial or monotreme.

O\'94type <Xpage=1004>

O"\'94*type (?) , n. [Gr. <?/ + -type .] (Zo\'94l.) The part of the oviduct of certain trematode worms in which the ova are completed and furnished with a shell.

Ooze <Xpage=1004>

Ooze (?) , n. [OE. wose , AS. wase dirt, mire, mud, akin to w<?/s juice, ooze, Icel. v\'bes wetness, OHG. waso turf, sod, G. wasen .] 1. Soft mud or slime; earth so wet as to flow gently, or easily yield to pressure. "My son i' the ooze is bedded."

Shak.

2. Soft flow; spring.

Prior.

3. The liquor of a tan vat.

Ooze <Xpage=1004>

Ooze , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Oozed (?) ; p.pr. & vb.n. Oozing .] [Prov. Eng. weeze , wooz . See Ooze , n. ] 1. To flow gently; to percolate, as a liquid through the pores of a substance or through small openings.

The latent rill, scare oozing through the grass. Thomson.

2. Fig.: To leak (out) or escape slowly; as, the secret oozed out; his courage oozed out.

Ooze <Xpage=1004>

Ooze , v. t. To cause to ooze.

Alex. Smith.

O\'94zoa <Xpage=1004>

O`\'94*zo"a (?) , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. <?/ an egg + <?/ an animal.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as Acrita .

Oozy <Xpage=1004>

Ooz"y (?) , a. Miry; containing soft mud; resembling ooze; as, the oozy bed of a river .

Pope.

Opacate <Xpage=1004>

O*pa"cate (?) , v. t. [L. opacatus , p.p. of opacare .] To darken; to cloud. [Obs.]

Boyle.

Opacity <Xpage=1004>

O*pac"i*ty (?) , n. [L. opacitas : cf.F. opacit\'82.] 1. The state of being opaque; the quality of a body which renders it impervious to the rays of light; want of transparency; opaqueness.

2. Obscurity; want of clearness.

Bp. Hall.

Opacous <Xpage=1004>

O*pa"cous (?) , a. [L. opacus . See Opaque .] Opaque. [R.] Milton . -- O*pa"cous*ness , n. [R.]

Opacular <Xpage=1004>

O*pac"u*lar (?) , a. Opaque. [Obs.]

Sterne.

Opah <Xpage=1004>

O"pah (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) A large oceanic fish ( Lampris quttatus ), inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean. It is remarkable for its brilliant colors, which are red, green, and blue, with tints of purple and gold, covered with round silvery spots. Called also king of the herrings .

Opake <Xpage=1004>

O*pake" (?) , a. See Opaque .

Opal <Xpage=1004>

O"pal (?) , n. [L. opalus : cf. Gr. <?/, Skr. upala a rock, stone, precious stone: cf. F. opale .] (Min.) A mineral consisting, like quartz, of silica, but inferior to quartz in hardness and specific gravity.

&hand; The precious opal presents a peculiar play of colors of delicate tints, and is highly esteemed as a gem. One kind, with a varied play of color in a reddish ground, is called the harlequin opal . The fire opal has colors like the red and yellow of flame. Common opal has a milky appearance. Menilite is a brown impure variety, occurring in concretions at Menilmontant, near Paris. Other varieties are cacholong , girasol , hyalite , and geyserite .

Opalesce <Xpage=1004>

O`pal*esce" (?) , v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Opalesced (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Opalescing (?) .] To give forth a play of colors, like the opal.

Opalescence <Xpage=1004>

O`pal*es"cence (?) , n. (Min.) A reflection of a milky or pearly light from the interior of a mineral, as in the moonstone; the state or quality of being opalescent.

Opalescent <Xpage=1004>

O`pal*es"cent (?) , a. Reflecting a milky or pearly light from the interior; having an opaline play of colors.

Opaline <Xpage=1004>

O"pal*ine (?) , a. [Cf. F. opalin .] Of, pertaining to, or like, opal in appearance; having changeable colors like those of the opal.

Opalize <Xpage=1004>

O"pal*ize (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Opalized (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Opalizing .] [Cf. F. opaliser .] To convert into opal, or a substance like opal.

Lyell.

Opalotype <Xpage=1004>

O*pal"o*type (?) , n. [ Opal + -type .] (Photog.) A picture taken on "milky" glass.

Opaque <Xpage=1004>

O*paque" (?) , a. [F., fr. L. opacus . Cf. Opacous .]

1. Impervious to the rays of light; not transparent; as, an opaque substance .

2. Obscure; not clear; unintelligible. [Colloq.]

Opaque <Xpage=1004>

O*paque" , n. That which is opaque; opacity.

Young.

Opaqueness <Xpage=1004>

O*paque"ness , n. The state or quality of being impervious to light; opacity.

Dr. H. More.

Ope <Xpage=1004>

Ope (?) , a. Open. [Poetic]

Spenser.

On Sunday heaven's gate stands ope . Herbert.

Ope <Xpage=1004>

Ope , v. t. & i. To open. [Poetic]

Wilt thou not ope thy heart to know What rainbows teach and sunsets show? Emerson.

Opeidoscope <Xpage=1004>

O*pei"do*scope (?) , n. [Gr. <?/, <?/, voice + <?/ form + -scope .] (Physics) An instrument, consisting of a tube having one end open and the other end covered with a thin flexible membrance to the center of which is attached a small mirror. It is used for exhibiting upon a screen, by means of rays reflected from the mirror, the vibratory motions caused by sounds produced at the open end of the tube, as by speaking or singing into it.

A. E. Dolbear.

Opelet <Xpage=1004>

Ope"let (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) A bright-colored European actinian ( Anemonia, &or; Anthea, sulcata ); -- so called because it does not retract its tentacles.

Open <Xpage=1004>

O"pen (?) , a. [AS. open ; akin to D. open , OS. opan , G. offan , Icel. opinn , Sw. \'94ppen , Dan. aaben , and perh. to E. up . Cf. Up , and Ope .] 1. Free of access; not shut up; not closed; affording unobstructed ingress or egress; not impeding or preventing passage; not locked up or covered over; -- applied to passageways; as, an open door, window, road, etc .; also, to inclosed structures or objects; as, open houses, boxes, baskets, bottles, etc .; also, to means of communication or approach by water or land; as, an open harbor or roadstead .

Through the gate, Wide open and unquarded, Satan passed. Milton

Also, figuratively, used of the ways of communication of the mind, as by the senses; ready to hear, see, etc.; as, to keep one's eyes and ears open .

His ears are open unto their cry. Ps. xxxiv. 15.

2. Free to be used, enjoyed, visited, or the like; not private; public; unrestricted in use; as, an open library, museum, court, or other assembly ; liable to the approach, trespass, or attack of any one; unprotected; exposed.

If Demetrius . . . have a matter against any man, the law is open and there are deputies. Acts xix. 33.

The service that I truly did his life, Hath left me open to all injuries. Shak.

3. Free or cleared of obstruction to progress or to view; accessible; as, an open tract; the open sea.

4. Not drawn together, closed, or contracted; extended; expanded; as, an open hand; open arms; an open flower; an open prospect.

Each, with open arms, embraced her chosen knight. Dryden.

5. Hence: (a) Without reserve or false pretense; sincere; characterized by sincerity; unfeigned; frank; also, generous; liberal; bounteous; -- applied to personal appearance, or character, and to the expression of thought and feeling, etc .

With aspect open , shall erect his head. Pope.

The Moor is of a free and open nature. Shak.

The French are always open , familiar, and talkative. Addison.

(b) Not concealed or secret; not hidden or disguised; exposed to view or to knowledge; revealed; apparent; as, open schemes or plans; open shame or guilt .

His thefts are too open . Shak.

That I may find him, and with secret gaze Or open admiration him behold. Milton.

6. Not of a quality to prevent communication, as by closing water ways, blocking roads, etc.; hence, not frosty or inclement; mild; -- used of the weather or the climate; as, an open season; an open winter.

Bacon.

7. Not settled or adjusted; not decided or determined; not closed or withdrawn from consideration; as, an open account; an open question; to keep an offer or opportunity open .

8. Free; disengaged; unappropriated; as, to keep a day open for any purpose; to be open for an engagement.

9. (Phon.) (a) Uttered with a relatively wide opening of the articulating organs; -- said of vowels; as, the \'84 n f\'84r is open as compared with the \'be in s\'bey . (b) Uttered, as a consonant, with the oral passage simply narrowed without closure, as in uttering s .

10. (Mus.) (a) Not closed or stopped with the finger; -- said of the string of an instrument, as of a violin, when it is allowed to vibrate throughout its whole length. (b) Produced by an open string; as, an open tone .

The open air , the air out of doors. -- Open chain . (Chem.) See Closed chain , under Chain . -- Open circuit (Elec.) , a conducting circuit which is incomplete, or interrupted at some point; -- opposed to an uninterrupted, or closed circuit . -- Open communion , communion in the Lord's supper not restricted to persons who have been baptized by immersion. Cf. Close communion , under Close , a. -- Open diapason (Mus.) , a certain stop in an organ, in which the pipes or tubes are formed like the mouthpiece of a flageolet at the end where the wind enters, and are open at the other end. -- Open flank (Fort.) , the part of the flank covered by the orillon. -- Open-front furnace (Metal.) , a blast furnace having a forehearth. -- Open harmony (Mus.) , harmony the tones of which are widely dispersed, or separated by wide intervals. -- Open hawse (Naut.) , a hawse in which the cables are parallel or slightly divergent. Cf. Foul hawse , under Hawse . -- Open hearth (Metal.) , the shallow hearth of a reverberatory furnace. -- Open-hearth furnace , a reverberatory furnace; esp., a kind of reverberatory furnace in which the fuel is gas, used in manufacturing steel. -- Open-hearth process (Steel Manuf.) , a process by which melted cast iron is converted into steel by the addition of wrought iron, or iron ore and manganese, and by exposure to heat in an open-hearth furnace; -- also called the Siemens-Martin process , from the inventors. -- Open-hearth steel , steel made by an open-hearth process; -- also called Siemens-Martin steel . -- Open newel . (Arch.) See Hollow newel , under Hollow . -- Open pipe (Mus.) , a pipe open at the top. It has a pitch about an octave higher than a closed pipe of the same length. -- Open-timber roof (Arch.) , a roof of which the constructional parts, together with the under side of the covering, or its lining, are treated ornamentally, and left to form the ceiling of an apartment below, as in a church, a public hall, and the like. -- Open vowel &or; consonant . See Open , a. , 9.

&hand; Open is used in many compounds, most of which are self-explaining; as, open -breasted, open -minded.

Syn. -- Unclosed; uncovered; unprotected; exposed; plain; apparent; obvious; evident; public; unreserved; frank; sincere; undissembling; artless. See Candid , and Ingenuous .

Open <Xpage=1004>

O"pen (?) , n. Open or unobstructed space; clear land, without trees or obstructions; open ocean; open water. "To sail into the open ."

Jowett (Thucyd. ).

Then we got into the open . W. Black.

In open , in full view; without concealment; openly. [Obs.] <-- = in the open -->

Beau. & Fl.

Openm <Xpage=1004>

O"penm v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Opened (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Opening .] [AS. openian . See Open ,a.] 1. To make or set open; to render free of access; to unclose; to unbar; to unlock; to remove any fastening or covering from; as, to open a door; to open a box; to open a room; to open a letter.

And all the windows of my heart I open to the day. Whittier.

2. To spread; to expand; as, to open the hand .

3. To disclose; to reveal; to interpret; to explain.

The king opened himself to some of his council, that he was sorry for the earl's death. Bacon.

Unto thee have I opened my cause. Jer. xx. 12.

While he opened to us the Scriptures. Luke xxiv. 32.

4. To make known; to discover; also, to render available or accessible for settlements, trade, etc.

The English did adventure far for to open the North parts of America. Abp. Abbot.

5. To enter upon; to begin; as, to open a discussion; to open fire upon an enemy; to open trade, or correspondence; to open a case in court, or a meeting.

6. To loosen or make less compact; as, to open matted cotton by separating the fibers .

To open one's mouth , to speak . -- To open up , to lay open; to discover; to disclose.

Poetry that had opened up so many delightful views into the character and condition of our "bold peasantry, their country's pride." Prof. Wilson.

Open <Xpage=1004>

O"pen , v. i. 1. To unclose; to form a hole, breach, or gap; to be unclosed; to be parted.

The earth opened and swallowed up Dathan, and covered the company of Abiram. Ps. cvi. 17.

2. To expand; to spread out; to be disclosed; as, the harbor opened to our view .

3. To begin; to commence; as, the stock opened at par; the battery opened upon the enemy.

4. (Sporting) To bark on scent or view of the game.

Open-air <Xpage=1004>

O"pen-air` (?) , a. Taking place in the open air; outdoor; as, an open-air game or meeting .

Openbill <Xpage=1004>

O"pen*bill` (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) A bird of the genus Anastomus , allied to the stork; -- so called because the two parts of the bill touch only at the base and tip. One species inhabits India, another Africa. Called also open-beak . See Illust . (m) , under Beak .

Opener <Xpage=1004>

O"pen*er (?) , n. One who, or that which, opens. "True opener of my eyes."

Milton.

Open-eyed <Xpage=1004>

O"pen-eyed` (?) , a. With eyes widely open; watchful; vigilant.

Shak.

Open-handed <Xpage=1004>

O"pen-hand`ed (?) , a. Generous; liberal; munificent. -- O"pen-hand`ed*ness , n.

J. S. Mill.

Open-headed <Xpage=1004>

O"pen-head`ed (?) , a. Bareheaded. [Obs.]

Open-hearted <Xpage=1004>

O"pen-heart`ed (?) , a. Candid; frank; generous. Dryden . -- O"pen-heart`ed*ly , adv. -- O"pen-heart`ed*ness , n.