Chapter 1058

\'d1`no*thi*on"ic (?) , a. [Gr. <?/ wine + thionic .] (Chem.) Pertaining to an acid now called sulphovinic, &or; ethyl sulphuric, acid .

O'er <Xpage=997>

O'er (?) , prep. & adv. A contr. of Over . [Poetic]

\'d1sophagus, n., \'d1sophageal <Xpage=997>

\'d1*soph"a*gus , n. , \'d1`so*phag"e*al , a. , etc. Same as Esophagus , Esophageal , etc .

\'d1strian <Xpage=997>

\'d1s"tri*an (?) , a. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the gadflies. -- n. A gadfly.

\'d1strual <Xpage=997>

\'d1s"tru*al (?) , a. [See \'d1strus .] (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to sexual desire; -- mostly applied to brute animals; as, the \'d2strual period; \'d2strual influence.

\'d1struation <Xpage=997>

\'d1s`tru*a"tion (?) , n. (Physiol.) The state of being under \'d2strual influence, or of having sexual desire. <-- = oestrus? -->

\'d1strus <Xpage=997>

\'d1s"trus (?) , n. [L., a gadfly; also, frenzy, fr.Gr. <?/ gadfly; hence, sting, fury, insane desire, frenzy.] 1. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of gadflies. The species which deposits its larv\'91 in the nasal cavities of sheep is \'d2strus ovis .

2. A vehement desire; esp. (Physiol.) , the periodical sexual impulse of animals; heat; rut.

Of <Xpage=997>

Of (?) , prep. [AS. of of, from, off; akin to D. & OS. af , G. ab off, OHG. aba from, away, Icel., Dan., Sw., & Goth. af , L. ab , Gr. <?/, Skr. apa . Cf. Off , A- (2), Ab- , After , Epi- .] In a general sense, from, or out from; proceeding from; belonging to; relating to; concerning; -- used in a variety of applications; as:

1. Denoting that from which anything proceeds; indicating origin, source, descent, and the like; as, he is of a race of kings; he is of noble blood.

That holy thing which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of God. Luke i. 35.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered unto you. 1 Cor. xi. 23.

2. Denoting possession or ownership, or the relation of subject to attribute; as, the apartment of the consul: the power of the king; a man of courage; the gate of heaven . "Poor of spirit."

Macaulay.

3. Denoting the material of which anything is composed, or that which it contains; as, a throne of gold; a sword of steel; a wreath of mist; a cup of water.

4. Denoting part of an aggregate or whole; belonging to a number or quantity mentioned; out of; from amongst; as, of this little he had some to spare; some of the mines were unproductive; most of the company. <-- partative genitive -->

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed. Lam. iii. 22.

It is a duty to communicate of those blessings we have received. Franklin.

5. Denoting that by which a person or thing is actuated or impelled; also, the source of a purpose or action; as, they went of their own will; no body can move of itself; he did it of necessity. <-- = out of, from, due to -->

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Josh. xi. 20.

6. Denoting reference to a thing; about; concerning; relating to; as, to boast of one's achievements .

Knew you of this fair work? Shak.

7. Denoting nearness or distance, either in space or time; from; as, within a league of the town; within an hour of the appointed time.

8. Denoting identity or equivalence; -- used with a name or appellation, and equivalent to the relation of apposition; as, the continent of America; the city of Rome; the Island of Cuba. <-- always preceded by a type name? -->

9. Denoting the agent, or person by whom, or thing by which, anything is, or is done; by.

And told to her of [by] some. Chaucer.

He taught in their synagogues, being glorified of all. Luke iv. 15.

[Jesus] being forty days tempted of the devil. Luke iv. 1, 2.

&hand; The use of the word in this sense, as applied to persons, is nearly obsolete.

10. Denoting relation to place or time; belonging to, or connected with; as, men of Athens; the people of the Middle Ages; in the days of Herod.

11. Denoting passage from one state to another; from. [Obs.] "O miserable of happy."

Milton.

12. During; in the course of.

Not be seen to wink of all the day. Shak.

My custom always of the afternoon. Shak.

&hand; Of may be used in a subjective or an objective sense. "The love of God" may mean, our love for God, or God's love for us.

&hand; From is the primary sense of this preposition; a sense retained in off , the same word differently written for distinction. But this radical sense disappears in most of its application; as, a man of genius; a man of rare endowments; a fossil of a red color, or of an hexagonal figure; he lost all hope of relief; an affair of the cabinet; he is a man of decayed fortune; what is the price of corn? In these and similar phrases, of denotes property or possession, or a relation of some sort involving connection. These applications, however all proceeded from the same primary sense. That which proceeds from, or is produced by, a person or thing, either has had, or still has, a close connection with the same; and hence the word was applied to cases of mere connection, not involving at all the idea of separation.

Of consequence , of importance, value, or influence. -- Of late , recently; in time not long past. -- Of old , formerly; in time long past. -- Of one's self , by one's self; without help or prompting; spontaneously.

Why, knows not Montague, that of itself England is safe, if true within itself? Shak.

Off <Xpage=997>

Off (?) , adv. [OE. of , orig. the same word as R. of , prep., AS. of , adv. & prep. \'fb194. See Of .] In a general sense, denoting from or away from; as:

1. Denoting distance or separation; as, the house is a mile off .

2. Denoting the action of removing or separating; separation; as, to take off the hat or cloak; to cut off , to pare off , to clip off , to peel off , to tear off , to march off , to fly off , and the like.

3. Denoting a leaving, abandonment, departure, abatement, interruption, or remission; as, the fever goes off ; the pain goes off ; the game is off ; all bets are off .

4. Denoting a different direction; not on or towards: away; as, to look off .

5. Denoting opposition or negation. [Obs.]

The questions no way touch upon puritanism, either off or on. Bp. Sanderson.

From off , off from; off. "A live coal...taken with the tongs from off the altar." Is. vi. 6 . -- Off and on . (a) Not constantly; not regularly; now and then; occasionally . (b) (Naut.) On different tacks, now toward, and now away from, the land. -- To be off . (a) To depart; to escape; as, he was off without a moment's warning . (b) To be abandoned, as an agreement or purpose; as, the bet was declared to be off . [Colloq.] -- To come off , To cut off , To fall off , To go off , etc. See under Come , Cut , Fall , Go , etc . -- To get off . (a) To utter; to discharge; as, to get off a joke . (b) To go away; to escape; as, to get off easily from a trial . [Colloq.] -- To take off , to mimic or personate. <-- also, to take off on, to do a take-off on --> -- To tell off (Mil.) , to divide and practice a regiment or company in the several formations, preparatory to marching to the general parade for field exercises. Farrow . <-- (b) to criticise --> -- To be well off , to be in good condition. -- To be ill off , To be badly off , to be in poor condition.

<page="998"> Page 998

Off <Xpage=998>

Off (?) , interj. Away; begone; -- a command to depart.

Off <Xpage=998>

Off , prep. Not on; away from; as, to be off one's legs or off the bed; two miles off the shore.

Addison.

Off hand . See Offhand . -- Off side (Football) , out of play; -- said when a player has got in front of the ball in a scrimmage, or when the ball has been last touched by one of his own side behind him. -- To be off color , to be of a wrong color. <-- to be mildly obscene --> -- To be off one's food , to have no appetite. ( Colloq .)

Off <Xpage=998>

Off , a. 1. On the farther side; most distant; on the side of an animal or a team farthest from the driver when he is on foot; in the United States, the right side; as, the off horse or ox in a team, in distinction from the nigh or near horse or ox; the off leg.

2. Designating a time when one is not strictly attentive to business or affairs, or is absent from his post, and, hence, a time when affairs are not urgent; as, he took an off day for fishing: an off year in politics . "In the off season."

Thackeray.

Off side . (a) The right hand side in driving; the farther side . See Gee . (b) (Cricket) See Off , n.

Off <Xpage=998>

Off , n. (Cricket) The side of the field that is on the right of the wicket keeper.

Offal <Xpage=998>

Of"fal (?) , n. [ Off + fall .] 1. The rejected or waste parts of a butchered animal.

2. A dead body; carrion.

Shak.

3. That which is thrown away as worthless or unfit for use; refuse; rubbish.

The off als of other profession. South.

Offcut <Xpage=998>

Off"cut` (?) , n. 1. That which is cut off.

2. (Bookbinding) A portion ofthe printed sheet, in certain sizes of books, that is cut off before folding.

Offence <Xpage=998>

Of*fence" (?) , n. See Offense .

Offend <Xpage=998>

Of*fend (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Offended ; p. pr. & vb. n. Offending .] [OF. offendre , L. offendere , offensum ; ob (see Ob- ) + fendere (in comp.) to thrust, dash. See Defend .] 1. To strike against; to attack; to assail. [Obs.]

Sir P. Sidney.

2. To displease; to make angry; to affront.

A brother offended is harder to be won than a strong city. Prov. xviii. 19.

3. To be offensive to; to harm; to pain; to annoy; as, strong light offends the eye; to offend the conscience.

4. To transgress; to violate; to sin against. [Obs.]

Marry, sir, he hath offended the law. Shak.

5. (Script.) To oppose or obstruct in duty; to cause to stumble; to cause to sin or to fall. [Obs.]

Who hath you misboden or offended . Chaucer.

If thy right eye offend thee, pluck it out... And if thy right hand offend thee, cut it off. Matt. v. 29, 3O.

Great peace have they which love thy law, and nothing shall offend them. Ps. cxix. 165.

Odfend <Xpage=998>

Od*fend" , v. i. 1. To transgress the moral or divine law; to commit a crime; to stumble; to sin.

Whosoever shall keep the whole law, and yet offend in one point, he is guilty of all. James ii. 10.

If it be a sin to cevet honor, I am the most offending soul alive. Shak.

2. To cause dislike, anger, or vexation; to displease.

I shall offend , either to detain or give it. Shak.

To offend against , to do an injury or wrong to; to commit an offense against. "We have offended against the Lord already."

2 Chron. xxviii. 13.

Offendant <Xpage=998>

Of*fend"ant (?) , n. An offender. [R.]

Holland.

Offender <Xpage=998>

Of*fend"er (?) , n. One who offends; one who violates any law, divine or human; a wrongdoer.

I and my son Solomon shall be counted offenders . 1 Kings i. 21.

Offendress <Xpage=998>

Of*fend"ress (?) , n. A woman who offends.

Shak.

Offense, Offence <Xpage=998>

Of*fense" , Of*fence" (?) , n. [F., fr. L. offensa . See Offend .] 1. The act of offending in any sense; esp., a crime or a sin, an affront or an injury.

Who was delivered for our offenses , and was raised again for our justification. Rom. iv. 25.

I have given my opinion against the authority of two great men, but I hope without offense to their memories. Dryden.

2. The state of being offended or displeased; anger; displeasure.

He was content to give them just cause of offense , when they had power to make just revenge. Sir P. Sidney.

3. A cause or occasion of stumbling or of sin. [Obs.]

Woe to that man by whom the offense cometh! Matt. xviii. 7.

&hand; This word, like expense , is often spelled with a c . It ought, however, to undergo the same change with expense , the reasons being the same, namely, that s must be used in offensive as in expensive , and is found in the Latin offensio , and the French offense .

To take offense , to feel, or assume to be, injured or affronted; to become angry or hostile. -- Weapons of offense , those which are used in attack, in distinction from those of defense , which are used to repel.

Syn. -- Displeasure; umbrage; resentment; misdeed; misdemeanor; trespass; transgression; delinquency; fault; sin; crime; affront; indignity; outrage; insult.

Offenseful <Xpage=998>

Of*fense"ful (?) , a. Causing offense; displeasing; wrong; as, an offenseful act . [R.]

Offenseless <Xpage=998>

Of*fense"less , a. Unoffending; inoffensive.

Offensible <Xpage=998>

Of*fen"si*ble (?) , a. That may give offense. [Obs.]

Offension <Xpage=998>

Of*fen"sion (?) , n. [OF., fr. L. offensio an offense.] Assault; attack. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

Offensive <Xpage=998>

Of*fen"sive (?) , a. [Cf.F. offensif . See Offend .]

1. Giving offense; causing displeasure or resentment; displeasing; annoying; as, offensive words .

2. Giving pain or unpleasant sensations; disagreeable; revolting; noxious; as, an offensive smell; offensive sounds. " Offensive to the stomach."

Bacon.

3. Making the first attack; assailant; aggressive; hence, used in attacking; -- opposed to defensive ; as, an offensive war; offensive weapons.

League offensive and defensive , a leaque that requires all the parties to it to make war together against any foe, and to defend one another if attacked.

Syn. -- Displeasing; disagreeable; distasteful; obnoxious; abhorrent; disgusting; impertinent; rude; saucy; reproachful; opprobrious; insulting; insolent; abusive; scurrilous; assailant; attacking; invading.

-- Of*fen"sive*ly , adv. -- Of*fen"sive*ness , n.

Offensive <Xpage=998>

Of*fen"sive (?) , n. The state or posture of one who offends or makes attack; aggressive attitude; the act of the attacking party; -- opposed to defensive .

To act on the offensive , to be the attacking party.

Offer <Xpage=998>

Of"fer (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Offered (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Offering .] [OE. offren , AS . offrian to sacrifice, fr. L. offerre ; ob (see OB- ) + ferre to bear, bring. The English word was influenced by F. offrir to offer, of the same origin. See 1st Bear .] 1. To present, as an act of worship; to immolate; to sacrifice; to present in prayer or devotion; -- often with up .

Thou shalt offer every day a bullock for a sin offering for atonement. Ex. xxix. 36.

A holy priesthood to offer up spiritual sacrifices. 1 Pet. ii. 5.

2. To bring to or before; to hold out to; to present for acceptance or rejection; as, to offer a present, or a bribe; to offer one's self in marriage.

I offer thee three things. 2 Sam. xxiv. 12.

3. To present in words; to proffer; to make a proposal of; to suggest; as, to offer an opinion . With the infinitive as an objective: To make an offer; to declare one's willingness; as, he offered to help me .

4. To attempt; to undertake.

All that offer to defend him. Shak.

5. To bid, as a price, reward, or wages; as, to offer a guinea for a ring; to offer a salary or reward.

6. To put in opposition to; to manifest in an offensive way; to threaten; as, to offer violence, attack, etc.

Syn. -- To propose; propound; move; proffer; tender; sacrifice; immolate.

Offer <Xpage=998>

Of"fer , v. i. 1. To present itself; to be at hand.

The occasion offers , and the youth complies. Dryden.

2. To make an attempt; to make an essay or a trial; -- used with at . "Without offering at any other remedy."

Swift.

He would be offering at the shepherd's voice. L'Estrange.

I will not offer at that I can not master. Bacon.

Offer <Xpage=998>

Of"fer (?) , n. [Cf. F. offre , fr. offrir to offer, fr. L. offerre . See Offer , v. t. ] 1. The act of offering, bringing forward, proposing, or bidding; a proffer; a first advance. "This offer comes from mercy."

Shak.

2. That which is offered or brought forward; a proposal to be accepted or rejected; a sum offered; a bid.

When offers are disdained, and love denied. Pope.

3. Attempt; endeavor; essay; as, he made an offer to catch the ball . "Some offer and attempt."

South.

Offerable <Xpage=998>

Of"fer*a*ble (?) , a. Capable of being offered; suitable or worthy to be offered.

Offerer <Xpage=998>

Of"fer*er (?) , n. One who offers; esp., one who offers something to God in worship.

Hooker.

Offering <Xpage=998>

Of"fer*ing , n. 1. The act of an offerer; a proffering.

2. That which is offered, esp. in divine service; that which is presented as an expiation or atonement for sin, or as a free gift; a sacrifice; an oblation; as, sin offering .

They are polluted offerings more abhorred Than spotted livers in the sacrifice. Shak.

3. A sum of money offered, as in church service; as, a missionary offering . Specif.: (Ch. of Eng.) Personal tithes payable according to custom, either at certain seasons as Christmas or Easter, or on certain occasions as marriages or christenings.

[None] to the offering before her should go. Chaucer.