Chapter 1022

Natch <Xpage=964>

Natch (?) , n. [OF. nache fesse, LL. natica , from L. natis the rump, buttocks. Cf. Aitchbone .] The rump of beef; esp., the lower and back part of the rump.

Natch bone , the edgebone, or aitchbone, in beef.

Natchez <Xpage=964>

Natch"ez (?) , n. pl. (Ethnol.) A tribe of Indians who formerly lived near the site of the city of Natchez, Mississippi. In 1729 they were subdued by the French; the survivors joined the Creek Confederacy.

Natchnee <Xpage=964>

Natch"nee (?) , n. (Bot.) An annual grass ( Eleusine coracona ), cultivated in India as a food plant.

Nates <Xpage=964>

Na"tes (?) , n. pl. [L., the buttocks.] 1. (Anat.) (a) The buttocks. (b) The two anterior of the four lobes on the dorsal side of the midbrain of most mammals; the anterior optic lobes.

2. (Zo\'94l.) The umbones of a bivalve shell.

Nath <Xpage=964>

Nath (?) . [Contr. fr. ne hath ,] hath not. [Obs.]

Nathless <Xpage=964>

Nath"less (?) , adv. [OE. natheles , na the les , not the less, AS. n\'be never. See Na , The , conj ., and cf. Nevertheless .] Nevertheless. [Archaic]

Chaucer. Milton. E. Arnold.

Nathmore <Xpage=964>

Nath"more` (?) , adv. [OE. na the more .] Not the more; never the more. [Obs.]

penser.

Natica <Xpage=964>

Nat"i*ca (?) , n. ; pl. Naticas (<?/) , L. Natic\'92 (<?/) . (Zo\'94l.) Any one of numerous species of marine gastropods belonging to Natica , Lunatia , Neverita , and other allied genera (family Naticid\'91 .) They burrow beneath the sand, or mud, and drill other shells.

Naticoid <Xpage=964>

Nat"i*coid (?) , a. [ Natica + -oid .] (Zo\'94l.) Like or belonging to Natica, or the family Natic\'91 .

Nation <Xpage=964>

Na"tion (?) , n. [F. nation , L. natio nation, race, orig., a being born, fr. natus , p.p. of nasci , to be born, for gnatus , gnaci , from the same root as E. kin . \'fb44. See Kin kindred, and cf. Cognate , Natal , Native .] 1. (Ethnol.) A part, or division, of the people of the earth, distinguished from the rest by common descent, language, or institutions; a race; a stock.

All nations , and kindreds, and people, and tongues. Rev. vii. 9.

2. The body of inhabitants of a country, united under an independent government of their own.

A nation is the unity of a people. Coleridge.

Praise the power that hath made and preserved us a nation . F. S. Key.

3. Family; lineage. [Obs.]

Chaucer.

4. (a) One of the divisions of university students in a classification according to nativity, formerly common in Europe. (b) (Scotch Universities) One of the four divisions (named from the parts of Scotland) in which students were classified according to their nativity.

5. A great number; a great deal; -- by way of emphasis; as, a nation of herbs .

Sterne.

Five nations . See under Five . -- Law of nations . See International law , under International , and Law .

Syn. -- people; race. See People .

National <Xpage=964>

Na"tion*al (?; 277) , a. [Cf. F. national .] 1. Of or pertaining to a nation; common to a whole people or race; public; general; as, a national government, language, dress, custom, calamity, etc.

2. Attached to one's own country or nation.

National anthem , a popular song or hymn which has become by general acceptance the recognized musical expression of the patriotic sentiment of a nation; as, "God save the King" is called the national anthem of England. -- National bank , the official common name of a class of banking corporations established under the laws of the United States. -- National flag . See under Flag . -- National guard , a body of militia, or a local military organization, as in Paris during the French Revolution, or as certain bodies of militia in other European countries and in the United States. -- National salute , a salute consisting of as many guns as there are States in the Union. [U.S.]

Nationalism <Xpage=964>

Na"tion*al*ism (?) , n. 1. The state of being national; national attachment; nationality.

2. An idiom, trait, or character peculiar to any nation.

3. National independence; the principles of the Nationalists.

Nationalist <Xpage=964>

Na"tion*al*ist , n. One who advocates national unity and independence; one of a party favoring Irish independence.

Nationality <Xpage=964>

Na`tion*al"i*ty (?) , n. ; pl. Nationalities (#) . [Cf. F. nationalit\'82 .] 1. The quality of being national, or strongly attached to one's own nation; patriotism.

2. The sum of the qualities which distinguish a nation; national character.

3. A race or people, as determined by common language and character, and not by political bias or divisions; a nation.

the fulfillment of his mission is to be looked for in the condition of nationalities and the character of peoples. H. W. Beecher.

4. Existence as a distinct or individual nation; national unity and integrity.

5. The state or quality of belonging to or being connected with a nation or government by nativity, character, ownership, allegiance, etc.

Nationalization <Xpage=964>

Na`tion*al*i*za"tion (?) , n. The act of nationalizing, or the state of being nationalized.

Nationalize <Xpage=964>

Na"tion*al*ize (?) , v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Nationalized (?) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Nationalizing (?) .] [Cf. F. nationaliser .] To make national; to make a nation of; to endow with the character and habits of a nation, or the peculiar sentiments and attachment of citizens of a nation.

Nationally <Xpage=964>

Na"tion*al*ly , adv. In a national manner or way; as a nation. "The jews ... being nationally espoused to God by covenant."

South.

Nationalness <Xpage=964>

Na"tion*al*ness , n. The quality or state of being national; nationality.

Johnson.

Native <Xpage=964>

Na"tive (?) , a. [F. natif , L. nativus , fr. nasci , p.p. natus . See Nation , and cf. Na\'8bve , Nelf a serf.] 1. Arising by birth; having an origin; born. [Obs.]

Anaximander's opinion is, that the gods are native , rising and vanishing again in long periods of times. Cudworth.

2. Of or pertaining to one's birth; natal; belonging to the place or the circumstances in which one is born; -- opposed to foreign ; as, native land, language, color, etc.

3. Born in the region in which one lives; as, a native inhabitant, race ; grown or originating in the region where used or sold; not foreign or imported; as, native oysters, or strawberries . <-- latter sense = domestic -->

4. Original; constituting the original substance of anything; as, native dust .

Milton.

5. Conferred by birth; derived from origin; born with one; inherent; inborn; not acquired; as, native genius, cheerfulness, simplicity, rights, etc. <-- congenital, hereditary. -->

Courage is native to you. Jowett (Thucyd. ).

6. Naturally related; cognate; connected (with). [R.]

the head is not more native to the heart, ... Than is the throne of Denmark to thy father. Shak.

7. (Min.) (a) Found in nature uncombined with other elements; as, native silver . (b) Found in nature; not artificial; as native sodium chloride.

Native American party . See under American , a. -- Native bear (Zo\'94l.) , the koala. -- Native bread (Bot.) , a large underground fungus, of Australia ( Mylitta australis ), somewhat resembling a truffle, but much larger. -- Native devil . (Zo\'94l.) Same as Tasmanian devil , under Devil . -- Native hen (Zo\'94l.) , an Australian rail ( Tribonyx Mortierii ). -- Native pheasant . (Zo\'94l.) See Leipoa . -- Native rabbit (Zo\'94l.) , an Australian marsupial ( Perameles lagotis ) resembling a rabbit in size and form. -- Native sloth (Zo\'94l.) , the koala. -- Native thrush (Zo\'94l.) , an Australian singing bird ( Pachycephala olivacea ); -- called also thickhead . -- Native turkey (Zo\'94l.) , the Australian bustard ( Choriotis australis ); -- called also bebilya .

Syn. -- Natural; natal; original; congential. -- Native , Natural , Natal . natural refers to the nature of a thing, or that which springs therefrom; native , to one's birth or origin; as, a native country, language, etc.; natal , to the circumstances of one's birth; as, a natal day, or star. Native talent is that which is inborn; natural talent is that which springs from the structure of the mind. Native eloquence is the result of strong innate emotion; natural eloquence is opposed to that which is studied or artifical.

Native <Xpage=964>

Na"tive (?) , n. 1. One who, or that which, is born in a place or country referred to; a denizen by birth; an animal, a fruit, or vegetable, produced in a certain region; as, a native of France .

2. (Stock Breeding) Any of the live stock found in a region, as distinguished from such as belong to pure and distinct imported breeds. [U.S.]

Natively <Xpage=964>

Na"tive*ly , adv. By natural or original condition; naturally; originally.

Nativeness <Xpage=964>

Na"tive*ness , n. The quality or state of being native.

Nativism <Xpage=964>

Na"tiv*ism (?) , n. 1. The disposition to favor the native inhabitants of a country, in preference to immigrants from foreign countries.

2. (Philos.) The doctrine of innate ideas, or that the mind possesses forms of thought independent of sensation.

Nativist <Xpage=964>

Na"tiv*ist (?) , n. An advocate of nativism.

Nativistic <Xpage=964>

Na`tiv*is"tic (?) , a. Relating to nativism.

Nativity <Xpage=964>

Na*tiv"i*ty (?) , n. ; pl. Nativies (#) . [F. nativit\'82 , L. nativitas . See Native , and cf. Na\'8bvet\'90 .] 1. The coming into life or into the world; birth; also, the circumstances attending birth, as time, place, manner, etc.

Chaucer.

I have served him from the hour of my nativity . Shak.

Thou hast left ... the land of thy nativity . Ruth ii. 11.

These in their dark nativity the deep Shall yield us, pregnant with infernal flame. Milton.

2. (Fine Arts) A picture representing or symbolizing the early infancy of Christ. The simplest form is the babe in a rude cradle, and the heads of an ox and an ass to express the stable in which he was born.

3. (Astrol.) A representation of the positions of the heavenly bodies as the moment of one's birth, supposed to indicate his future destinies; a horoscope.

The Nativity , the birth or birthday of Christ; Christmas day. -- To cast, &or; calculate , one's nativity (Astrol.) , to find out and represent the position of the heavenly bodies at the time of one's birth.

Natka <Xpage=964>

Nat"ka (?) , a. (Zo\'94l.) A species of shrike.

Natrium <Xpage=964>

Na"tri*um (?) , n. [NL. See Natron .] (Chem.) The technical name for sodium.

Natrolite <Xpage=964>

Na"tro*lite (?; 277) , n. [ Natron + -lite : cf. F. natrolithe .] (Min.) A zeolite occuring in groups of glassy acicular crystals, and in masses which often have a radiated structure. It is a hydrous silicate of alumina and soda.

Natron <Xpage=964>

Na"tron (?) , n. [F., fr. Sp. natron , Ar. natr\'d4n , nitr\'d4n . Cf. Niter , Anatron .] (Min.) Native sodium carbonate. [Written also anatron .]

Natter <Xpage=964>

Nat"ter (?) , v. i. [Cf. Icel. knetta to grumble.] To find fault; to be peevish. [Prov. Eng. or Scot.]

Natterjack <Xpage=964>

Nat"ter*jack` (?) , n. (Zo\'94l.) A European toad ( Bufo calamita ), having a yellow line along its back.

Natty <Xpage=964>

Nat"ty (?) , a. [Cf. Neat clean.] Neat; tidy; spruce. [Colloq.]

-- Nat"ti*ly , adv. -- Nat"ti*ness , n.

Natural <Xpage=964>

Nat"u*ral (?; 135) , a. [OE. naturel , F. naturel , fr. L. naturalis , fr. natura . See Nature .] 1. Fixed or determined by nature; pertaining to the constitution of a thing; belonging to native character; according to nature; essential; characteristic; not artifical, foreign, assumed, put on, or acquired; as, the natural growth of animals or plants; the natural motion of a gravitating body; natural strength or disposition; the natural heat of the body; natural color.

With strong natural sense, and rare force of will. Macaulay.

2. Conformed to the order, laws, or actual facts, of nature; consonant to the methods of nature; according to the stated course of things, or in accordance with the laws which govern events, feelings, etc.; not exceptional or violent; legitimate; normal; regular; as, the natural consequence of crime; a natural death.

What can be more natural than the circumstances in the behavior of those women who had lost their husbands on this fatal day? Addison.

3. Having to do with existing system to things; dealing with, or derived from, the creation, or the world of matter and mind, as known by man; within the scope of human reason or experience; not supernatural; as, a natural law; natural science; history, theology.

I call that natural religion which men might know ... by the mere principles of reason, improved by consideration and experience, without the help of revelation. Bp. Wilkins.

4. Conformed to truth or reality ; as: (a) Springing from true sentiment; not artifical or exaggerated; -- said of action, delivery, etc.; as, a natural gesture, tone, etc. (b) Resembling the object imitated; true to nature; according to the life; -- said of anything copied or imitated; as, a portrait is natural .

5. Having the character or sentiments properly belonging to one's position; not unnatural in feelings.

To leave his wife, to leave his babes, ... He wants the natural touch. Shak.

6. Connected by the ties of consanguinity. " Natural friends."

J. H. Newman.

7. Begotten without the sanction of law; born out of wedlock; illegitimate; bastard; as, a natural child .

8. Of or pertaining to the lower or animal nature, as contrasted with the higher or moral powers, or that which is spiritual; being in a state of nature; unregenerate.

The natural man receiveth not the things of the Spirit of God. 1 Cor. ii. 14.

9. (Math.) Belonging to, to be taken in, or referred to, some system, in which the base is 1; -- said or certain functions or numbers; as, natural numbers, those commencing at 1; natural sines, cosines, etc., those taken in arcs whose radii are 1.

<page="965"> Page 965

10. (Mus.) (a) Produced by natural organs, as those of the human throat, in distinction from instrumental music. (b) of or pertaining to a key which has neither a flat nor a sharp for its signature, as the key of C major. (c) Applied to an air or modulation of harmony which moves by easy and smooth transitions, digressing but little from the original key.

Moore (Encyc. of Music).

Natural day , the space of twenty-four hours.

Chaucer.

-- Natural fats , Natural gas , etc. See under Fat , Gas . etc. -- Natural Harmony (Mus.) , the harmony of the triad or common chord. -- Natural history , in its broadest sense, a history or description of nature as a whole, incuding the sciences of botany , zo\'94logy , geology , mineralogy , paleontology , chemistry , and physics . In recent usage the term is often restricted to the sciences of botany and zo\'94logy collectively, and sometimes to the science of zoology alone. -- Natural law , that instinctive sense of justice and of right and wrong, which is native in mankind, as distinguished from specifically revealed divine law, and formulated human law. -- Natural modulation (Mus.) , transition from one key to its relative keys. -- Natural order . (Nat. Hist.) See under order . -- Natural person . (Law) See under person , n. -- Natural philosophy , originally, the study of nature in general; in modern usage, that branch of physical science, commonly called physics , which treats of the phenomena and laws of matter and considers those effects only which are unaccompanied by any change of a chemical nature; -- contrasted with mental and moral philosophy . -- Natural scale (Mus.) , a scale which is written without flats or sharps. Model would be a preferable term, as less likely to mislead, the so-called artificial scales (scales represented by the use of flats and sharps) being equally natural with the so-called natural scale -- Natural science , natural history, in its broadest sense; -- used especially in contradistinction to mental or moral science . -- Natural selection (Biol.) , a supposed operation of natural laws analogous, in its operation and results, to designed selection in breeding plants and animals, and resulting in the survival of the fittest . The theory of natural selection supposes that this has been brought about mainly by gradual changes of environment which have led to corresponding changes of structure, and that those forms which have become so modified as to be best adapted to the changed environment have tended to survive and leave similarly adapted descendants, while those less perfectly adapted have tended to die out though lack of fitness for the environment, thus resulting in the survival of the fittest . See Darwinism . -- Natural system (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) , a classification based upon real affinities, as shown in the structure of all parts of the organisms, and by their embryology.

It should be borne in mind that the natural system of botany is natural only in the constitution of its genera, tribes, orders, etc., and in its grand divisions. Gray.

-- Natural theology , &or; Natural religion , that part of theological science which treats of those evidences of the existence and attributes of the Supreme Being which are exhibited in nature; -- distinguished from revealed religion . See Quotation under Natural , a. , 3. -- Natural vowel , the vowel sound heard in urn , furl , sir , her , etc.; -- so called as being uttered in the easiest open position of the mouth organs. See Neutral vowel , under Neutral and Guide to Pronunciation , &sect; 17.