Part 2

In California there is a strong opposition to them. They are not desired in Australia, nor in the English colonies in the Pacific Ocean.

With all these countries making laws against them, and Hawaii sending them back from her shores, it would seem that the thrifty Japanese would have to stay in their own country. However, a haven has just been offered to them in Mexico.

A Japanese syndicate has secured 300,000 acres in the Mexican State of Chiapas, on which a Japanese colony is to be established. The land is to be divided into lots of 20 acres, one lot to be assigned to each family.

The immigrants are to raise coffee, cotton, tobacco, and sugar, and to introduce certain Japanese industries.

The first party of colonists are now on their way to Mexico, and it is thought that thousands will follow them.

The Mexicans are said to be quite pleased with the prospect of the Japanese settling among them. They need a great many laborers; these they find it very difficult to obtain, and they expect the new immigrants to be a great help to them.

It will be interesting to watch how the amiable, active Japanese get along with the fiery, indolent Mexicans.

* * * * *

Hawaii is disturbed over the news that the Japanese cruiser _Naniwa_ is on its way to Honolulu.

She brings with her a special Japanese Commissioner, who will investigate the immigration matters, and claim from the Government of the Sandwich Islands the sum of $100,000 damages for preventing her citizens from landing.

It is reported that the _Naniwa_ has on board three of the emigrants who were refused admission, and that she will try and land them, for the purpose of making the Hawaiian Government prove in the courts its right to forbid their entry.

The Japanese insist that Hawaii has violated the treaty existing between Japan and the Sandwich Islands. The Honolulu lawyers have been studying the treaty, and insist that the immigrants had no legal right to land, and that the treaty has not been violated.

In the mean while, the Government of Hawaii is doing all in its power to get white laborers employed instead of Japanese on all the sugar and coffee plantations. And as it is feared that the United States will not care to annex the islands if all the labor is done by Asiatics and there is no room for white men, it is trying to get Americans to go over with their families, and is promising them steady and paying employment.

An Immigration Bureau has been opened, and every effort will be made to get first-class American laborers to go there.

* * * * *

The revolution in Honduras has been suppressed.

We mentioned this trouble in No. 26 of THE GREAT ROUND WORLD, and said that her sister republics had declined to interfere.

Matters became so threatening, and the revolution took on such a serious aspect, that Nicaragua finally decided to help; but she did not move until Dr. de Soto had been proclaimed President by the rebel party, and had gained possession of the town of Puerto Cortez.

Finding that the revolution promised to be something more than the usual South American affair, Great Britain and the United States both ordered cruisers to Puerto Cortez to protect the interests of their citizens.

Nicaragua at the same time armed a steam-tug, and, loading her with soldiers, sent her to the little town to recapture it from the insurgents.

This was evidently accomplished, and appears to have ended the revolution. A telegram has been received in Washington from our American Consul in Honduras, stating that the revolution is at an end.

There is, however, a very indignant feeling against Nicaragua, in consequence of a story which has been brought in by the steamer _Rover_.

Captain Reed, of the _Rover_, which is a fruit steamer, declares that when about four miles out of Puerto Cortez, his vessel, though flying the American flag, was fired upon by the Nicaraguan gunboat _Lucy B._

The story as told by him is that he reached Puerto Cortez on May 6th, and knowing the port to be in the hands of the insurgents, he decided not to anchor, but to cruise about until the customs officers should board him, and tell him whether it would be safe to land.

He could see that the town was in a state of ferment, and that the inhabitants were running about from place to place.

After waiting a little while he thought it unsafe to land, and determined to go to the town of Omoa, where he knew the government forces were in possession.

He had travelled about four miles from Puerto Cortez when he sighted the _Lucy B._

He decided to wait for her, and find out from her how matters stood in Puerto Cortez.

Suddenly, when about half a mile away, the _Lucy B._ fired on the _Rover_.

Captain Reed instantly ordered the engines to be stopped, and brought the vessel to a standstill; but before the sailors had time to carry out his orders, another shot was fired at him.

Soon after the vessel was boarded by General Reyes, of the Nicaraguan government, and six of his followers.

He examined the ship's papers, and though finding them in order, still had the ship searched from end to end, declaring that the _Rover_ was carrying arms and ammunition to the rebels in Puerto Cortez.

When his search was over, and nothing had been found, Captain Reed vigorously protested against the treatment to which he had been subjected, and pointed to the American flag which was flying at the mast-head.

General Reyes replied that he might protest all he pleased, but he ought to consider himself lucky that the _Lucy B._ had not sunk his vessel.

The captain of the _Rover_ will enter a protest against the action of the Nicaraguans.

We have spoken several times about the insignificant character of the revolutions in South America. We think it may interest our readers if we quote for them the statement on this subject, made by a gentleman who has been a good many years in Honduras, and who has large interests there.

He says: "A revolution down there is really nothing but an election.

"At election times the candidate for the Presidency who controls the guns wins the election. If the President doesn't suit after he is elected, some man gathers a force together, and a revolution follows.

"As nobody pays much attention to an election, so nobody pays much attention to a revolution, except those most nearly interested in its success or failure.

"The present President, Señor Bonilla, came into office after he had carried through a successful revolution against somebody else.

"He is a clever man, and absolutely honest, but his standard is too high for Honduras."

Richard Harding Davis has written a story called "Soldiers of Fortune," which gives a very excellent account of one of these South American revolutions.

* * * * *

The Massachusetts Assembly has made its annual appropriation for the destruction of the Gipsy moth.

This is a moth whose larvæ (as the caterpillars are called) do so much damage to foliage that the State has spent large sums of money in an attempt to destroy the troublesome pest. The matter has now been brought to the attention of Congress, and in the last Agricultural Appropriation Bill a special provision was made for a careful investigation of the matter.

The caterpillar of the Gipsy moth strips the trees of their leaves as completely as if they had been swept by fire. Almost every variety of tree, as well as of farm or garden crop, is attacked by these worms, and the farmers in Eastern Massachusetts are terror-stricken over the army of them which yearly attacks their crops.

The history of the introduction of the Gipsy moth into this country is a somewhat curious one.

The moth is not a native of this country, but of Germany and Austria, where vast sums of money have also been spent by the governments in a vain endeavor to get rid of it.

In 1869 a French naturalist came over to this country and settled in Medford, Mass.

He had brought some Gipsy moth eggs with him from Europe, and intended making some experiments with them.

He had the eggs out on his table one morning when he was called away from his work. He went out of the room, leaving the eggs lying near the window.

When he returned he found that a puff of wind had blown the whole paper of eggs out of the window.

He ran down into the garden and searched everywhere for the lost eggs, but in their flight through the air they had become scattered, and he was unable to find them.

He well knew the dangerous character of the worm which hatches out of these eggs, and he went all round the village, explaining to every one, warning every one, and imploring every one to be on the look-out for the caterpillars when they should appear.

The inhabitants of Medford thought he was a crazy Frenchman, and took no notice of his warning.

It was twenty years after this before the people began to suffer from the ravages of the caterpillar, though for several years the neighbors of the old naturalist had been annoyed and puzzled at the way in which their gardens were eaten up.

In 1889 the worms became so numerous, and did so much damage, that the Legislature set aside a sum of money for their destruction, and appointed a number of scientific men to undertake the work.

Every spring since then the Gipsy Moth Commission has been at work.

One summer, policemen were pressed into the service. They were stationed on all the roads leading out of the infected districts to examine every vehicle that drove through, to see that none of the caterpillars escaped into the surrounding country by clinging to the wheels or the body of the wagon.

That year there were such myriads of these caterpillars, that they would fall by hundreds on the vehicles as they drove under the trees.

The moth policemen were both necessary and useful.

The Commission starts in, this year, with several new inventions for destroying both caterpillars and eggs, and hopes to make good progress.

Thus far Massachusetts has spent nearly $1,000,000 in her effort to rid herself of the Gipsy moth.

GENIE H. ROSENFELD.

INVENTION AND DISCOVERY.

Summer trips will be more easy to arrange and pack for, if we have such space-saving inventions as the travelling or military hair-brush, as the inventor calls it. It is a handleless brush, the back forming a box deep enough to contain a comb, and provided with a sliding lid which pushes in or out like the lid of a child's pencil-box.

This invention comes from the ever-inventive West, and consists of a penholder formed of tightly rolled paper which in some ingenious manner holds the pen permanently in place.

At last we seem to have a mucilage brush that is going to answer every requirement.

We have had them in plenty with the handles so arranged that the mucilage would not get on one's fingers, and so that the neck of the bottle would not get clogged. But so far every invention has fallen short in one very important particular. The brush has always been left in the mucilage, where it got hard and stiff and unusable for a time, or had to be lifted out and put in a fresh compartment, where it again dries and hardens.

The new brush is so arranged that it does not touch the mucilage, but is held above it by a spring in the handle. When the gum is to be used, the top of the handle is pressed, and the brush is forced down into the bottle until it meets the liquid.

The moment the finger is taken off the handle, the brush springs back into place; and when taken out of the bottle it is found to be furnished with a metal rim which prevents any of the liquid from touching the fingers.

We have chronometers which can register time, and odometers which can register distance, but there has been the double weight to carry of the two instruments; and, while every effort is being made to reduce the weight of the bicycle as much as possible, every ounce or fraction of an ounce tells. Consequently all cyclists are indebted to the man whose happy thought it was to combine the two, and who had the skill to do it. An instrument can now be had which will at one and the same time register time and distance.

Something new which will surely find favor with bicycle riders is a simple coupling apparatus by means of which any two safety bicycles may be converted into a tandem. We see so many bicycle tandems in the parks and bicycle paths that riders will surely be glad to know that any two people can have a tandem at a moment's notice, and at the same time, if one person only wishes to ride, the machines can with equal speed be restored to their original condition.

LETTERS FROM OUR YOUNG FRIENDS.

DEAR EDITOR:

I read with the greatest pleasure THE GREAT ROUND WORLD, and think, if I may express myself so, that it tells all that is going on in a nutshell.

We subscribe for your little magazine in our class, and we all take turns reading it.

I wish you would inform me the difference between the government of Russia and that of Turkey.

Very truly yours, ROBERTSON P. NEW YORK, May 7th, 1897.

DEAR ROBERTSON:

Russia is an absolute monarchy, which means a government in which the will of the monarch is positive law.

Turkey is a theocratic absolute monarchy, which means something stronger yet than an absolute monarchy. The Sultan of Turkey is considered the successor to the Prophet Mohammed, and therefore he is not only the political but also the religious head of his people.

EDITOR.

DEAR EDITOR:

I read THE GREAT ROUND WORLD and think it fine. The following are books I have read and found very interesting: "A Knight of the White Cross," by Henty. "Boy Explorers," by Prentice. "Jack Ballister's Fortunes," "Merry Adventures of Robin Hood," both by Pyle. "Log-Cabin Series," by Edward S. Ellis. "Boris the Bear Hunter," by Fred Whishaw.

Did the ten Chinamen who were invited to have their heads chopped off, escape?

Wishing great success to THE GREAT ROUND WORLD,

I remain your faithful reader, HOWARD B. NEW YORK CITY, May 2d, 1897.

DEAR HOWARD:

It is too soon to know about the Chinamen yet. They came from San Francisco to see the Chinese Minister in Washington. There was to be a change of Chinese Ministers in this country, and it was expected that Mr. Yang Yu, the gentleman who was leaving this country, would go back to Peking, and so the See Yups wanted to make him the bearer of their messages.

Mr. Yang Yu has, however, been appointed to St. Petersburg, in Russia, and it is doubtful if he can be of much use to his countrymen, as he may not go to China for several years.

It is to be supposed that the Chinamen under sentence of death will have the sense to remain in this country, where they are safe. EDITOR.

DEAR EDITOR:

I like Cuba. Do you think Cuba is winning, or Spain? I hope Cuba will win. I am six years old. I like THE GREAT ROUND WORLD. Please put me in the paper. I think that monster you wrote about was very nice, but I would not like him to catch me, and I like the lazy man's stairs. Good-by.

Yours truly, ROBERT D.F. BALTIMORE, MD.

DEAR EDITOR:

I think THE GREAT ROUND WORLD is fine for young folks to read, and even for grown-up people, too. I enjoy reading it very much. I think there is no other little book that will do us so much good as THE GREAT ROUND WORLD.

I hope the United States will make Spain pay for the cruelty that was done to Dr. Ruiz by them. It looks as if Cuba will win her freedom from Spain, and I hope she will. I remain,

Yours truly, HENRY H. GLOUCESTER, MASS., April 14th, 1897.

DEAR EDITOR:

I like THE GREAT ROUND WORLD very much. I anxiously wait for it to come. I hope Cuba and Spain and all countries will soon be free from war. Do you think that Greece can keep its little island Crete? I was very much interested in the story about the St. Bernard.

Yours truly, EDITH MCK. GLOUCHESTER, MASS., April 14th, 1897.

The Editor takes much pleasure in acknowledging the very nice letters from Robert D.F., Henry H., and Edith McK. They are all nice, well-written letters, which the Editor is very pleased to receive.

* * * * *

The Editor would be much pleased if Ph.D. (McCoy Hall, Baltimore, Md.) would explain his views on the Bering Sea Arbitration Award.

The columns of THE GREAT ROUND WORLD are always open to arguments on both sides of a question.

If Ph.D. will favor us with a few lines on the subject we shall be delighted to publish them.

EDITOR.

* * * * *

=Revised List, with Prices, of School-Books that will be taken in Exchange for Subscriptions to "The Great Round World."=

ARITHMETICS

Sheldon's Complete 20 Stoddard's Mental 5 " Intellectual 10 Thomson's New Practical 15 " Commercial 30 Wentworth's Mental 10 " New Practical 20 " High School 30 White's New Elementary 15 " " Complete 20

ALGEBRAS

Boyden's Elementary 20 Bradbury's Beginners' 20 Brooks' (red cover) 25 Milnes' First Book 20 " High School 35 Ray's New Elementary 25 Robinson's New Elementary 35 Wells' Academic 35 " College 50 " Higher 35 Wentworth's First Steps 20 " Elementary 25 " School 30 " Higher 40 " College 40 " Complete 40 White's New Algebra 40

BOTANY

Apgar's Trees 30 Bessey's Elementary 25 " Briefer 35 " Large 50 Dana's Wild Flowers 50 Gray's How Plants Grow 25 " Revised Lessons 30 " " Manual 50 " " Lessons and Manual (1 vol.). 65 Vine's Botany 75 Wood's Botanist (red cover) 50 " Class Book " " 75

LATIN and GREEK

Allen and Greenough's Cæsar (after 1890) 40 Cicero " 40 Grammar (revised) 40 Chase and Stuart's Cicero (after 1893) 35 Cæsar " 35 Horace " 35 Virgil " (6 bks.) 35 Collar and Daniel's Beginners' Latin Book 30 First Latin Book 30 Coy's First Latin Book 25 Frieze's Virgil (with Vocabulary, after 1893) 40 Goodwin's Anabasis (after 1895) 50 Greek Gra. (after 1895) 50 Greenough's Horace 35 Virgil (with Vocabulary) 40 Harkness' Cæsar (after 1894) 40 Cicero " 40 Latin Gram. (after 1890) 35 Tuel & Fowler's First Book 30 White's First Greek Book 30 " Beginners' Greek Book 50

GRAMMARS

Brown's Revised First Lines 10 " English 20 Butler's School English 25 Hart's Gram. and Analysis 15 Hyde's First Book 10 " Second " (with Sup.) 20 " Advanced 15 Maxwell's First Book 15 " Intro (green cov.) 15 " Advanced " 25 Metcalf's Elementary 20 " English Grammar 25 Reed's Introductory 15 Reed and Kellogg's Elementary (after 1890) 15 Read and Kellogg's Higher (after 1890) 25 Smith's English (revised) 10 Whitney's Essent. of Gram. 15 Whitney & Lockwood's 20

COMPOSITION, RHETORIC, AND LITERATURE

Brooks' English Literature. 10 Genung's Rhetorics each 35 Hart's large "(red edge)" 35 Kellogg's Rhetoric (343 pp.) 30 " Literature 35 Lockwood's Lessons in Eng. 35 Matthew's Literature 35 Shaw's New " (rev.) 40 Swinton's Studies in Lit 35 Waddy's Composition 35 Westlake's Literature 15

GEOMETRY, TRIGONOMETRY, ETC.

Chauvenet's Rev. Geometry 30 Davies' Legendre (after 1885) 40 Loomis' Revised Geometry 25 Olney's New Elem. " 30 Wells' Rev. Plane Geometry. 30 " " P. and S. Geom. 50 " (old ed.) " " 25 " Rev. Trigonometry 30 Wentworth's New P. Geom. 25 " " P. and S. Geometry 50 " Trig., Surv., & Tables 40

GEOGRAPHIES (With North and South Dakota)