ii. 228;

bound to live apart from his wife, 229

Dalisandos in Isauria, inscriptions at, ii. 213 _n._ 1

Damascus, Aramean kings of, i. 15

Damasen, a giant, i. 186

Damatrius, a Greek month, ii. 49 _n._ 1

Dams in Egypt, the cutting of the, ii. 31 _sq._, 37 _sq._, 39 _sq._

Dance of eunuchs in Corea, i. 270 _n._ 2; on the Congo, 271 _n._; of hermaphrodites in Pegu, 271 _n._; sacred, at the Sed festival, ii. 154; of king before the ghosts of his ancestor, 192

Dances, religious, i. 61, 65, 68; at festivals of the dead, ii. 52, 53, 55, 58, 59; at the new moon, 142

Dancing-girls in India, harlots and wives of the gods, i. 61 _sqq._

Dañh-gbi, python-god, i. 66

Darmesteter, James, on the Fravashis, ii. 67 _n._ 2; his theory as to the date of the _Gathas_, ii. 84 _n._

_Dâsî_, dancing-girl, i. 63

Dastarkon in Cappadocia, i. 147 _n._ 3

Dates forbidden to worshippers of Cybele and Attis, i. 280

Daughter of a god, i. 51

David, King, in relation to the old kings of Jerusalem, i. 18 _sq._; his conquest of Ammon, 19; his taking of a census, 24; as a harper, 52, 53, 54

—— and Goliath, i. 19 _n._ 2

—— and Saul, i. 21

Davis, Mr. R. F., on harvest custom in Nottinghamshire, i. 238 _n._

Day of Blood in rites of Attis, i. 268, 285

De Plano Carpini, on the funeral customs of the Mongols, i. 293

Dea Dia, a Roman goddess of fertility, ii. 239

Dead, Festival of the, in Java, i. 220; worship of the, perhaps fused with the propitiation of the corn-spirit, 233 _sqq._; cuttings for the, 268; Osiris king and judge of the, ii. 13 _sq._; the Egyptian, identified with Osiris, 16; annual festivals of the, 51 _sqq._; the spirits of the, personated by living men, 52, 53, 58; magical uses made of their bodies, 100 _sqq._; worship of the, among the Bantu tribes of Africa, 176 _sqq._ _See also_ Ancestral spirits

——, reincarnation of the, i. 82 _sqq._; in America, 91; in Africa, 91 _sq._

—— kings and chiefs worshipped in Africa, ii. 160 _sqq._; sacrifices offered to, 162, 166 _sq._; incarnate in animals, 162, 163 _sq._, 173; consulted as oracles, 167, 171, 172, 195; human sacrifices to, 173; worshipped by the Barotse, 194 _sq._

—— men believed to beget children, i. 91, 264

—— Sea, i. 23

Death in the fire as an apotheosis, i. 179 _sq._; the pollution of, ii. 227 _sqq._

—— and resurrection, annual, of gods, i. 6; of Adonis represented in his rites, 224 _sq._; coincidence between the pagan and the Christian festival of the divine, 308; of Osiris dramatically represented in his rites, ii. 85 _sq._; of Osiris interpreted as the decay and growth of vegetation, 126 _sqq._

December, the twenty-fifth of, reckoned the winter solstice, and the birthday of the Sun, i. 303 _sqq._

Decline of the civic virtues under the influence of Oriental religions, i. 300 _sq._

_Ded_ or _tet_ pillar, the backbone of Osiris, ii. 108 _sq._

Dedicated men and women in Africa, i. 65 _sqq._

Dedication of girls to the service of a temple, i. 61 _sqq._; of children to gods, 79

Dee, river, holed stone in the, i. 36 _n._ 4

Defoe, Daniel, on the Angel of the Plague, i. 24 _n._ 2

Delos, sacred embassy to, ii. 244

Delphi, Apollo and the Dragon at, ii. 240

_Delphinium Ajacis_, i. 314 _n._ 1

Demeter, her sacred caverns, i. 88; sacred vaults of, 278; sorrowing for the descent of the Maiden, ii. 41; the month of, 41; mysteries of, at Eleusis, 90; at the well, 111 _n._ 6; identified with Isis, 117

—— and ears of corn, i. 166

—— and Poseidon, i. 280

—— and the king’s son at Eleusis, i. 180

Denderah, inscriptions at, ii. 11, 86 _sqq._, 89, 91, 130 _n._; the hall of Osiris at, 110

Derceto, goddess at Ascalon, i. 34 _n._ 3

Dervishes revered in Syria, i. 77 _n._ 4; of Asia Minor, 170

Deucalion at Hierapolis, i. 162 _n._ 2

Deuteronomic redactor, i. 26 _n._ 1

Deuteronomy, publication of, i. 18 _n._ 3

Deutsch-Zepling in Transylvania, rule as to sowing in, ii. 133 _n._ 3

_Dêvadâsî_, dancing-girl, i. 63 _sq._

_Dêvaratiâl_, dancing-girl, i. 63

Dew, bathing in the, on Midsummer Eve or Day, i. 246 _sq._, 248; a daughter of Zeus and the moon, ii. 137

Diabolical counterfeits, resemblances of paganism to Christianity explained as, i. 302, 309 _sq._

Diana, a Mother Goddess, i. 45; her sanctuary at Nemi, 45

Dianus and Diana, i. 27, 45

Dido flees from Tyre, i. 50; her traditional death in the fire, 114; worshipped at Carthage, 114; meaning of the name, 114 _n._ 1; an Avatar of Astarte, 177; how she procured the site of Carthage, ii. 250

Dinant, feast of All Souls in, ii. 70

_Dinkard_, a Pahlavi work, ii. 68 _n._ 2

Dinkas, their belief in serpents as reincarnations of the dead, i. 82 _sq._; pour milk on graves, 87

Dio Chrysostom, on the people of Tarsus, i. 118; on pyre at Tarsus, 126 _n._ 1

Diodorus Siculus, on worship of Poseidon in Peloponnese, i. 203; on the burial of Osiris, ii. 10 _sq._; on the rise of the Nile, 31 _n._ 1; on the date of harvest in Egypt, 32 _n._ 2; on Osiris as a sun-god, 120; on the predominance of women over men in ancient Egypt, 214

Diomede, human sacrifices to, i. 145

Dionysus in form of bull, i. 123; with vine and ploughman on a coin, 166; ancient interpretation of, 194, 213; death, resurrection, and ascension of, 302 _n._ 4; torn in pieces, ii. 98; human sacrifices to, in Chios, 98 _sq._; his coarse symbolism, 113; identified with Osiris, 113; race of boys at vintage from his sanctuary, 238; men dressed as women in the rites of, 258; the effeminate, 259

Diospolis Parva (How), monument of Osiris at, ii. 110

Diphilus, king of Cyprus, i. 146

Disc, winged, as divine emblem, i. 132

Discoloration, annual, of the river Adonis, i. 30, 225

Discovery of the body of Osiris, ii. 85 _sq._

Disease of language the supposed source of myths, ii. 42

Disguises to avert the evil eye, ii. 262; to deceive dangerous spirits, 262 _sq._, 263 _sq._

Dismemberment of Osiris, suggested explanations of the, ii. 97; of Halfdan the Black, king of Norway, 100, 102; of Segera, a magician of Kiwai, 101; of kings and magicians, and use of their severed limbs to fertilize the country, 101 _sq._; of the bodies of the dead to prevent their souls from becoming dangerous ghosts, 188

_Ditino_, deified dead kings, ii. 194

Divination at Midsummer, i. 252 _sq._

Divining bones, ii. 180, 181

Divinities of the volcano Kirauea, i. 217

Divinity of Semitic kings, i. 15 _sqq._; of Lydian kings, 182 _sqq._

Dixmude, in Belgium, feast of All Souls at, ii. 70

Dobrizhoffer, M., on the respect of the Abipones for the Pleiades, i. 258 _n._ 2

Doctrine of lunar sympathy, ii. 140 _sqq._

_Dôd_, “beloved,” i. 19 _n._ 2, 20 _n._ 2

Dog-star. _See_ Sirius

Doliche in Commagene, i. 136

Domaszewski, Professor A., on the rites of Attis at Rome, i. 266 _n._ 2

Dorasques of Panama, their theory of earthquakes, i. 201

Dos Santos, J., Portuguese historian, on the method adopted by a Caffre king to prolong his life, ii. 222 _sq._

Double, the afterbirth or placenta, regarded as a person’s double, ii. 169 _sq._

—— -headed axe, symbol of Sandan, i. 127; carried by Lydian kings, 182; a palladium of the Heraclid sovereignty, 182; figured on coins, 183 _n._

—— -headed eagle, Hittite emblem, i. 133 _n._

Doutté, Edmond, on sacred prostitution in Morocco, i. 39 _n._ 3

Doves burnt in honour of Adonis, i. 126 _n._ 2, 147

——, sacred, of Aphrodite, i. 33; or Astarte, 147

Dowries earned by prostitution, i. 38, 59

Dragon slain by Cadmus at Thebes, ii. 241

—— and Apollo, at Delphi, ii. 240

Drama, sacred, of the death and resurrection of Osiris, ii. 85 _sq._

Dramas, magical, for the regulation of the seasons, i. 4 _sq._

Dramatic representation of the resurrection of Osiris in his rites, ii. 85

Dreams, revelations given to sick people by Pluto and Persephone in, i. 205; spirits of the dead appear to the living in, ii. 162, 190; as causes of attempted transformation of men into women, 255 _sqq._

Drenching last corn cut with water as a rain-charm, i. 237 _sq._

Drinking out of a king’s skull in order to be inspired by his spirit, ii. 171

Drought, kings answerable for, i. 21 _sq._

Drum, eating out of a, i. 274

Drums, human sacrifice for royal, ii. 223, 225

Duchesne, Mgr. L., on the origin of Christmas, i. 305 _n._ 4; on the date of the Crucifixion, 307

Dyaks of Sarawak, their custom of head-hunting, i. 295 _sq._

Ea, Babylonian god, i. 9

Eagle to carry soul to heaven, i. 126 _sq._; double-headed, Hittite emblem, 133 _n._

Ears of corn, emblem of Demeter, i. 166

Earth as the Great Mother, i. 27

—— and sky, myth of their violent separation, i. 283

——, the goddess, mother of Typhon, i. 156

Earth-goddess annually married to Sun-god, i. 47 _sq._; disturbed by the operations of husbandry, 88 _sqq._; married to Sky-god, 282, with _n._ 2

—— -spirits disturbed by agriculture, i. 89

Earthquake god, i. 194 _sqq._

Earthquakes, attempts to stop, i. 196 _sqq._

East, mother-kin and Mother Goddesses in the ancient, ii. 212 _sqq._

Easter, gardens of Adonis at, in Sicily, i. 253 _sq._; resemblance of the festival of, to the rites of Adonis, 254 _sqq._, 306; the festival of, assimilated to the spring festival of Attis, 306 _sqq._; controversy between Christians and pagans as to the origin of, 309 _sq._

“Eater of the Dead,” fabulous Egyptian monster, ii. 14

Eclipse of the moon, Athenian superstition as to an, ii. 141

Eden, the tree of life in, i. 186 _n._ 4

Edom, the kings of, i. 15; their bones burned by the Moabites, ii. 104

Edonians in Thrace, Lycurgus king of the, ii. 98, 99

Eesa, a Somali tribe, ii. 246

Effect of geographical and climatic conditions on national character, ii. 217

Effeminate sorcerers or priests, order of, ii. 253 _sqq._

Effigies of Osiris, stuffed with corn, buried with the dead as a symbol of resurrection, ii. 90 _sq._, 114

Egypt, wives of Ammon in, i. 72; date of the corn-reaping in, 231 _n._ 3; the Nativity of the Sun at the winter solstice in, 303; in early June, ii. 31; mother-kin in ancient, 213 _sqq._

Egyptian astronomers acquainted with the true length of the solar year, ii. 26, 27, 37 _n._

—— calendar, the official, ii. 24 _sqq._; date of its introduction, 36 _n._ 2

—— ceremony at the winter solstice, ii. 50

—— dead identified with Osiris, ii. 16

—— farmer, calendar of the, ii. 30 _sqq._; his festivals, ii. 32 _sqq._

—— festivals, their dates shifting, ii. 24 _sq._, 92 _sqq._; readjustment of, 91 _sqq._

—— funeral rites a copy of those performed over Osiris, ii. 15

—— hope of immortality centred in Osiris, ii. 15 _sq._, 114, 159

—— kings worshipped as gods, i. 52; the most ancient, buried at Abydos, ii. 19; their oath not to correct the vague Egyptian year by intercalation, 26; perhaps formerly slain in the character of Osiris, 97 _sq._, 102; as Osiris, 151 _sqq._; renew their life by identifying themselves with the dead and risen Osiris, 153 _sq._; born again at the Sed festival, 153, 155 _sq._; perhaps formerly put to death to prevent their bodily and mental decay, 154 _sq._, 156

Egyptian language akin to the Semitic, ii. 161

—— months, table of, ii. 37 _n._

—— myth of the separation of earth and sky, i. 283 _n._ 3

—— people, the conservatism of their character, ii. 217 _sq._; compared to the Chinese, 218

—— reapers, their lamentations and invocations of Isis, i. 232, ii. 45, 117

—— religion, the development of, ii. 122 _sqq._; dominated by Osiris, 158 _sq._

—— standard resembling a placenta, ii. 156 _n._ 1

—— year vague, not corrected by intercalation, ii. 24 _sq._; the sacred, began with the rising of Sirius, 35

Egyptians sacrifice red-haired men, ii. 97, 106; the ancient, question of their ethnical affinity, 161

Ekoi of Southern Nigeria, their custom of mutilating men and women at festivals, i. 270 _n._ 2

El, Phoenician god, i. 13, 16 _n._ 1; identified with Cronus, 166

El-Bùgât, festival of mourning for Tammuz in Harran, i. 230

Elam, the kings of, their bones carried off by Ashurbanipal, ii. 103 _sq._

Eleusis, Demeter and the king’s son at, i. 180; sacrifice of oxen at, 292 _n._ 3; mysteries of Demeter at, ii. 90

Eli, the sons of, i. 76

Elisha prophesies to music, i. 53, 54; finds water in the desert, 53, 75

Ellis, A. B., on sacred prostitution in West Africa, i. 65 _sq._, 69 _sq._; on tattoo marks of priests, 74 _n._ 4; on an ordeal of chastity, 115

Emesa, sun-god Heliogabalus at, i. 35

Empedocles leaps into the crater of Etna, i. 181

Emperor of China, funeral of an, i. 294

Ἐναγίζειν distinguished from θύειν, i. 316 _n._ 1

Enemy, charms to disable an, ii. 252

England, harvest custom in, i. 237; the feast of All Souls in, ii. 78 _sq._

Ennius, on Hora and Quirinus, ii. 233

“Entry of Osiris into the moon,” ii. 130

Enylus, king of Byblus, i. 15 _n._

Ephesus, Artemis of, i. 269; Hecate at, 291; the priesthood of Apollo and Artemis at, ii. 243 _sq._

Epidaurus, Aesculapius at, i. 80

Epiphany, the sixth of January, i. 305

Epirus, the kings of, their bones scattered by Lysimachus, ii. 104

Equinox, the vernal, resurrection of Attis at the, i. 273, 307 _sq._; date of the Crucifixion assigned to the spring equinox, 307; tradition that the world was created at the spring equinox, 307

Erechtheum, sacred serpent in the, i. 87

Erechtheus, king of Athens, his incest with his daughter, i. 44 _n._ 1; his sacred serpent, 87

Eregli (the ancient Cybistra) in Cappadocia, i. 120, 122

Eresh-Kigal, Babylonian goddess, i. 9

_Erica_-tree, Osiris in the, ii. 9, 108, 109

Eriphyle, the necklace of, i. 32 _n._ 2

Erman, Professor A., on Anubis at Abydos, ii. 18 _n._ 3; on corn-stuffed effigies of Osiris, 91; on the development of Egyptian religion, 122 _n._ 2

_Erme_ or _Nenneri_, gardens of Adonis in Sardinia, i. 244

Eshmun, Phoenician deity, i. 111 _n._ 6

Esne, the festal calendar of, ii. 49 _sq._

Esquimaux of Alaska, their annual festival of the dead, i. 51 _sq._

Esthonian peasants regulate their sowing and planting by the moon, ii. 135

Esthonians, their ceremony at the new moon, ii. 143

Eternal life, initiate born again to, in the rites of Cybele and Attis, i. 274 _sq._

Etesian winds, i. 35 _n._ 1

Etna, Mount, Typhon buried under, i. 156, 157; the death of Empedocles on, 181; the ashes of, 194; offerings thrown into the craters of, 221

Euboea subject to earthquakes, i. 211; date of threshing in, 232 _n._; harvest custom in, 238

Eudoxus, on the Egyptian festivals, ii. 35 _n._ 2

Eunuch, priests of the Mother Goddess, i. 206; in the service of Asiatic goddesses of fertility, 269 _sq._; in various lands, 270 _n._ 2; of Attis tattooed with pattern of ivy, 278; of Cybele, ii. 258

Eunuchs, dances of, i. 270 _n._ 2, 271 _n._; dedicated to a goddess in India, 271 _n._; sacred, at Hierapolis-Bambyce, their rule as to the pollution of death,