vi. 259;

the wild, human scapegoats beaten with branches of, ix. 255. _See also_ Figs _and_ Fig-tree

Fig Dionysus at Lacedaemon, vii. 4

—— -god perhaps personified by Roman kings, ii. 319, 322

—— -leaves, aprons of, worn by Adam and Eve, ix. 259 _n._ 3

—— -tree of Romulus (_Ficus Ruminalis_), ii. 10, 318

—— -tree, sacred, ii. 44, 99, 249, 250, ix. 61; artificial fertilization (_caprification_) of the, ii. 314 _sq._, ix. 257 _sqq._, 272 _sq._

—— -tree, the wild, its milky juice sacrificed to Juno Caprotina, ii. 313; a male, ii. 314 _sq._; supposed to fertilize women, ii. 316 _sq._; haunted by spirits of the dead, ii. 317; sacred all over Africa and India, ii. 317 _n._ 1

—— -trees worshipped by the Akikuyu, ii. 44; associated with Dionysus, vii. 4; wild, held sacred as the abodes of the spirits of the dead, viii. 113; personated by human victims, ix. 257; charm to benefit, x. 18; sacred among the Fans, xi. 161

Fighting the wind, i. 327 _sqq._; the king, right of, iv. 22

Fights, sanguinary, as a ceremony to procure rain, i. 258; annual, at the New Year, old intention of, ix. 184; between men and women about their sex totems, xi. 215, 217

_Figo_, bonfire on the first Sunday in Lent, x. 111

Figs, soul-compelling virtue of, iii. 46; black and white, worn by human scapegoats, ix. 253, 257, 272; crowns of, worn at sacrifice to Saturn (Cronus), ix. 253 _n._ 3; eaten by human scapegoat before being put to death, ix. 255. _See also_ Fig

Fiji, treatment of the navel-string in, i. 184; catching the sun in, i. 316; temporary inspiration of priests in, i. 378; special vocabularies employed with reference to divine chiefs in, i. 402 _n._; War King and Sacred King in, iii. 21; catching away souls in, iii. 69; superstitions connected with eating in, iii. 117; tabooed persons not to handle food in, iii. 134 _n._ 1; taboo for handling dead chiefs in, iii. 141; manslayers tabooed in, iii. 178 _sq._; custom at cutting a chief’s hair in, iii. 264; shorn hair hid in thatch of house in, iii. 277; voluntary deaths in, iv.11 _sq._; custom of grave-diggers in, iv. 156 _n._ 2; abdication of father when his son is grown up in, iv. 191; circumcision practised in, iv. 220; chiefs buried secretly in, vi. 105; sacrifice of first-fruits in, viii. 125; leaves piled on spots where men were clubbed to death in, ix. 15; annual ceremony at appearance of sea-slug in, ix. 141 _sq._; brides tattooed in, x. 34 _n._ 1; the fire-walk in, xi. 10 _sq._; birth-trees in, xi. 163; the drama of death and resurrection exhibited to novices at initiation in, xi. 243 _sqq._

Fijian belief as to a whirlwind, i. 331 _n._ 2

—— chiefs claim divinity, i. 389; supposed effect of using their dishes or clothes, iii. 131

—— custom of personal cleanliness, iii. 158 _n._ 1

—— god of fruit-trees, v. 90

—— Lent, v. 90

Fijians, gods of the, i. 389; their conception of the soul, iii. 29 _sq._, 92; their notion of absence of the soul in dreams, iii. 39 _sq._; their custom of frightening away ghosts, iii. 170; their theory of earthquakes, v. 201

Filey, in Yorkshire, the Yule log and candle at, x. 256

Financial oppression, Roman, v. 301 _n._ 2

Finchra, mountain in Rum, xi. 284

Fingan Eve (St. Thomas’s Day) in the Isle of Man, x. 266

Finger bitten off as sacrifice, iii. 166 _n._ 2

Finger-joints, custom of sacrificing, iv. 219; mock sacrifice of, iv. 219

—— -rings as amulets, iii. 315

Fingers cut off as a sacrifice, iii. 161

Finistère, effigy of Carnival at Pontaven in, iv. 230; the harvest Wolf in, vii. 275; bonfires on St. John’s Day in, x. 183

Finland, sacred groves and trees in, ii. 11; cattle protected by the woodland spirits in, ii. 124; Midsummer fires in, x. 180 _sq._; fir-tree as life-index in, xi. 165 _sq._

—— Gulf of, i. 325

Finlay, George, on Roman financial oppression, v. 301 _n._ 2

Finnisch-Ugrian peoples, sacred groves of the, ii. 10 _sq._

Finnish hunters do not call animals by their proper names, iii. 398

Finnish witches and wizards thought to cause winds, i. 325 _sq._

Finns, feared as sorcerers, iii. 281; their propitiation of slain bears, viii. 223 _sq._

Finow, a Tongan chief, iii. 140

Finsch Harbour in German New Guinea, Kolem on, i. 338; the Papuans of, iii. 329; the Kai tribe inland from, vii. 99, viii. 296, xi. 239

Fir used to beat people with at Christmas, ix. 270, 271

—— or beech used to make the Yule log, x. 249

Fir-branches, prayers of girl at puberty to, x. 51; at Midsummer, x. 177; Midsummer mummers clad in, xi. 25 _sq._

—— -cones, seeds of, gathered on St. John’s Day, xi. 64

—— -tree as life-index, xi. 165 _sq._

—— -trees set up at Midsummer, ii. 65; gout transferred to, ix. 56; mistletoe on, xi. 315, 316

—— -wood used to kindle need-fire, x. 278, 282

Firdusi’s _Epic of Kings_, x. 104

Fire in the worship of Diana, i. 12 _sq._; power of extinguishing, ascribed to priests, i. 231, and to chaste women, ii. 240 _n._ 2; used to stop rain, i. 252 _sq._; used in rain-making ceremonies, i. 303 _sq._; as a charm to rekindle the sun, i. 311, 313; the King of, in Cambodia, ii. 3 _sqq._; birth from the, ii. 195 _sqq._; the king’s, ii. 195 _sqq._; impregnation of women by, ii. 195 _sqq._, 230 _sqq._, 234, vi. 235; kindled by the friction of wood, ii. 207 _sqq._, 235 _sqq._, 237 _sq._, 243, 248 _sqq._, 258 _sq._, 262, 263, 336, 366, 372, viii. 127, 136, 314, x. 132, 133, 135, 136, 137, 138, 144 _sq._, 148, 155, 169 _sq._, 175, 177, 179, 220, 264, 270 _sqq._, 335 _sq._, xi. 8, 90, 295; taken from sacred hearth to found a new village, ii. 216; custom of extinguishing fire and rekindling it by the friction of wood,