viii. 272;

their masquerades, ix. 379 _sq._; their belief as to menstruous women, x. 91

——, the Central, dietary rules of, viii. 84; their ceremonious treatment of dead sea-beasts, viii. 246; the tug-of-war among the, ix. 174

—— of Hudson Bay, propitiate the spirit who controls the reindeer, viii. 245 _sq._

—— of Labrador, their fear of demons, ix. 79 _sq._

—— of Point Barrow, Alaska, return the bones of seals to the sea, viii. 258 _n._ 2; their expulsion of the mischievous spirit Tuña, ix. 124 _sq._

Esquimaux mourners plug their nostrils, iii. 32

Essenes or King Bees at Ephesus, i. 47 _n._ 2, ii. 135 _sq._

Essex, greasing the weapon instead of the wound in, i. 204; May garlands in, ii. 60; hunting the wren in, viii. 320

Esther, the story of, acted as a comedy at Purim, ix. 364; her name equivalent to Ishtar, Astarte, ix. 365; fast of, ix. 397 _sq._

——, the book of, its date and purpose, ix. 360; its Persian colouring, ix. 362, 401; based on a Babylonian myth, ix. 398; duplication of the personages in, ix. 400 _sq._; the personages unmasked, ix. 405 _sqq._

—— and Mordecai equivalent to Ishtar and Marduk, ix. 405; the duplicates of Vashti and Haman, ix. 405 _sq._

Esther and Vashti, ix. 365; temporary queens, ix. 401

Esthonia, the Christmas Boar in, vii. 302; bathing at Midsummer in, xi. 29; flowers gathered for divination and magic at Midsummer in, xi. 53 _sq._

Esthonian belief as to the effect of seeing women’s blood, iii. 251

—— celebration of St. John’s Day by swings and bonfires, iv. 280

—— charm to make a wolf disgorge his prey, i. 135

—— charms to make cabbages thrive, i. 136 _sq._

—— custom of throwing a knife, hat, stick, or stone at a whirlwind, i. 329, 330

—— fishermen, their use of curses for good luck, i. 280 _sq._

—— mode of strengthening weakly children by means of hemp seed, vii. 11

—— peasants threaten cabbages to make them grow, ii. 22; loth to mention wild beasts by their proper names, iii. 398; regulate their sowing and planting by the moon, vi. 135; their treatment of weevils, viii. 274

—— reapers slash the wind with their sickles, i. 329; their belief as to pains in the back, vii. 285

Esthonians, their contagious magic of footprints, i. 211, 212; their ways of raising the wind, i. 323; their dread of Finnish witches and wizards, i. 325; their sacred trees, ii. 43; their worship of Metsik, a mischievous forest-spirit, ii. 55; their folk-tale of a tree-elf, ii. 71 _sqq._; their custom of leading a bride to the hearth, ii. 231; their custom of leading a bride thrice round a burning tree, ii. 234; St. George’s Day among the, ii. 330 _sqq._; sacrifice under holy trees for the welfare of their horses, ii. 332; their thunder-god Taara, ii. 367; oak worshipped by the, ii. 367; their superstition as to a water-mill, iii. 232; refuse to taste blood, iii. 240; preserve their nail-parings against the day of judgment, iii. 280; their belief as to shooting stars, iv. 63, 66 _sq._; their custom on Shrove Tuesday, iv. 233, 252 _sq._; their celebration of St. John’s Day, iv. 280; their ceremony at the new moon, vi. 143; their Christmas Boar, vii. 302 _sq._; their mode of transferring bad luck to trees, ix. 54; their expulsion of the devil, ix. 173; Midsummer fires among the, x. 179 _sq._

—— of Oesel, their belief as to absence of souls from bodies, iii. 41 _sq._; call the last sheaf the Rye-boar, vii. 298, 300; their custom at eating new corn, viii. 51; cull St. John’s herbs on St. John’s Day, xi. 49

Estremadura, acorns as fodder for hogs in, ii. 356

Etatin, on the Cross River, in Southern Nigeria, the chief as fetish-man at, i. 349

Eteobutads as umbrella-bearers at the festival of Scira, x. 20 _n._ 1

Eteocles and Polynices, their grave at Thebes, ii. 33

Eternal life, initiates born again to, in the rites of Cybele and Attis, v. 274 _sq._

Etesian winds, v. 35 _n._ 1

Ethelbald, king of the West Saxons, marries his stepmother, ii. 283

Ethelbert, king of Kent, ii. 283

Ethelwulf, king of the West Saxons, ii. 283

Ethical evolution, iii. 218 _sq._

—— precepts developed out of savage taboos, iii. 214

Ethiopia, priestly kings in, iii. 13; shut up in their palace, iii. 124; chosen for their beauty, iv. 38 _sq._

Ethiopian kings of Meroe put to death, iv. 15, 38

Ethiopians, succession to the kingdom among the, ii. 296 _sq._

Etiquette at courts of barbarian kings, iv. 39 _sq._

Etna, Mount, Typhon buried under, v. 156, 157; the death of Empedocles on, v. 181; the ashes of, v. 194; offerings thrown into the craters of, v. 221; Demeter said to have lit her torches at the craters of, vii. 57

Eton, Midsummer fires at, x. 197

Eton College, Boy Bishop at, ix. 338

Etruria, funeral games at Agylla in, iv. 95; actors fetched from, to Rome in time of plague, ix. 65

Etruscan crown, ii. 175 _n._ 1

—— letters, ii. 186, 186 _n._ 4

—— wizards, i. 310

Etruscans, female kinship among the, ii. 286 _sq._; their alleged Lydian descent, ii. 287; their ceremony at founding cities, iv. 157

Etymology, its uncertainty as a base for mythological theories, viii. 41 _n._

Euboea subject to earthquakes, v. 211; date of threshing in, v. 232 _n._; harvest custom in, v. 238

Eubuleus, legendary swineherd, brother of Triptolemus, viii. 19

Eubulus, sacrifices offered to, at Eleusis, vii. 56

Eucharist partaken of by Catholics fasting, viii. 83

Eudanemi at Athens, i. 325 _n._ 1

Eudoxus of Cnidus, Greek astronomer, on the Egyptian festivals, vi. 35 _n._ 2; corrections of the Greek calendar perhaps due to, vii. 81; on the utility of the pig in ancient Egypt, viii. 30

Euhemerism, a theory of mythology, ix. 385

Euhemerists, ix. 385

_Eukleia_, epithet of Artemis, i. 37 _n._ 1

Eumolpids direct the sacrifices of first-fruits, vii. 56

Eumolpus, prince of Eleusis, vii. 37; said to have founded the Eleusinian mysteries, vii. 70; founder of priestly Eleusinian family, vii. 73

Eunuch priests of Ephesian Artemis, i. 38; of the Mother Goddess, v. 206; in the service of Asiatic goddesses of fertility, v. 269 _sq._; in various lands, v. 270 _n._ 2; of Attis tattooed with pattern of ivy, v. 278; of Cybele, vi. 258

Eunuchs, dances of, v. 270 _n._ 2, 271 _n._; dedicated to a goddess in India, v. 271 _n._; sacred, at Hierapolis-Bambyce, their rule as to the pollution of death,