ix. 161

Despotic governments, the first advances made to civilization under, i. 218

_Dessil._ _See_ Deiseal

Deucalion at Hierapolis, v. 162 _n._ 2

Deuteronomic redactor, v. 26 _n._ 1

Deuteronomy (iv. 17 _sq._), prohibition of images of animals, i. 87 _n._ 1; (xxiii. 10, 11), as to custom in time of war, iii. 158 _n._ 1; (xii. 31, xviii. 9-12), on the sacrifice of children by fire, iv. 168; (xv. 19 _sq._), on the sanctification of the first-born, iv. 173 _n._ 1

——, publication of, v. 18 _n._ 3

Deutsch-Zepling in Transylvania, rule as to sowing in, vi. 133 _n._ 3

Deux-Sèvres, department of, Midsummer fires in the, x. 191; fires on All Saints’ Day in the, x. 245 _sq._

_Dêvadâsî_ or _Dêvaratiâl_, dancing-girl in Travancore, v. 63 _sq._

Devil driven away by paper kites, ix. 4; seen on Midsummer Eve, x. 208; his partiality for mustard, x. 208; brings fern-seed on Christmas night, xi. 289

Devil-dancers, inspired, worshipped as deities in Southern India, i. 382; their exorcism of demons, iv. 216; conjure demons of disease into themselves, ix. 38

—— -driving in Chitral, ix. 137

Devil’s bit, St. John’s wort, xi. 55 _n._ 2

—— Neck, the, ix. 16, 30

—— shoestring (_Tephrosia_) in homoeopathic magic, i. 144

Devils, abduction of souls by, iii. 58 _sqq._; personated by men, ix. 235; ghosts, and hobgoblins abroad on Midsummer Eve, x. 202. _See_ Demons

Devonshire, cries of reapers in, vii. 264 _sqq._; cure for cough in, ix. 51; need-fire in, x. 288; animals burnt alive as a sacrifice in, x. 302; belief in witchcraft in, x. 302; crawling under a bramble as a cure for whooping-cough in, xi. 180

Dew, washing in the, on May morning to ensure a fine complexion and guard against witchcraft, ii. 54, 67; gathered on Midsummer morning protects cattle against witchcraft, ii. 127, xi. 74; shepherds wash in the, on April 21st, ii. 327; rolling or washing in the, on St. George’s morning, ii. 333, 339; protects cattle against witchcraft on St. George’s morning, ii. 335; washing or rolling in, on Midsummer Eve or Day, as a remedy for diseases of the skin, v. 246 _sq._, 248, x. 208, with _n._ 1; a daughter of Zeus and the moon, vi. 137

“Dew-treading” in Holland, ii. 104 _n._ 2

Dharmi or Dharmesh, the Supreme God of the Oraons, ix. 92 _sq._

Dhimals, the, of Assam, mourners shaved among, iii. 285

Dhinwar class in North-West India, girls of the, married to a god, ii. 149

Dhurma Rajah, incarnate deity in Bhotan, i. 410

_DI_, Aryan root meaning “bright,” ii. 381

Dia, Roman goddess, her grove on the Tiber, ii. 122

Diabolical counterfeits, resemblances of paganism to Christianity explained as, v. 302, 309 _sq._

Diagora, elective monarchy in, ii. 293

Dialectical differences a cause of the duplication of deities, ii. 382 _sq._

Diana, as patroness of cattle, i. 7, ii. 124; as a torch-bearer, i. 12; as goddess of childbirth, i. 12, 40, ii. 128, 378; her festival on the 13th of August, i. 12, 14; in relation to vines and fruits, i. 15 _sq._, ii. 128; as a goddess of fertility, i. 40, 120 _sqq._, ii. 115, 378; in relation to animals of the woods, ii. 121, 124, 125 _sqq._; associated with Silvanus, ii. 121; groves sacred to, ii. 121; as the moon, ii. 128; on the Aventine, ii. 128; Mount Algidus a haunt of, ii. 380; her temple on Mount Tifata, ii. 380; a Mother Goddess, v. 45

—— and Dianus, ii. 376 _sqq._, v. 27, 45

—— (Jana), a double of Juno, ii. 190 _sq._, 381 _sq._, xi. 302 _n._ 2

—— at Nemi, her sanctuary, i. 2 _sqq._, v. 45; as huntress, i. 6; priest of, i. 8 _sqq._, xi. 315; as Vesta, i. 13, ii. 380; mate of the King of the Wood, i. 40, 41, ii. 121, 380; as a goddess of the oak, ii. 380

——, the Tauric, i. 10 _sq._; her bloody ritual, i. 11, 24

Diana and Virbius, i. 19 _sqq._, 40 _sq._; perhaps annually married at Nemi, ii. 129

Diana’s day, 13th of August, iii. 253

—— Mirror, the Lake of Nemi, i. 1, xi. 303

Dianus (Janus), a double of Jupiter, ii. 190 _sq._, 381 _sq._

—— and Diana, ii. 376 _sqq._, v. 27, 45

Diapina, in West Africa, ii. 293

_Diascorea_, a species of, eaten by the Australian aborigines, vii. 127 _n._ 2

Diasia, an Athenian festival, cakes shaped like animals sacrificed at the, viii. 95 _n._ 2

Dice used in divination, ix. 220; played at festivals, ix. 350

Dickens, Charles, _Martin Chuzzlewit_ quoted, i. 149 _n._ 5; on death at ebb-tide, i. 168

Dictynna and Minos, iv. 73

Dido, her magical rites, iii. 312; flees from Tyre, v. 50; her traditional death in the fire, v. 114; worshipped at Carthage, v. 114; meaning of the name, v. 114 _n._ 1; an Avatar of Astarte, v. 177; how she procured the site of Carthage, vi. 250

Diels, Professor H., on human gods in ancient Greece, i. 390 _n._ 2

Dieppe, fishermen of, their tabooed words, iii. 396

Dieri, the, tribe of Central Australia, their magic for the multiplication of carpet-snakes and iguanas, i. 90; their custom as to extracted teeth, i. 177; rain-making ceremonies of, i. 255 _sqq._, xi. 232; principal headman of, a medicine-man, i. 336; believe certain trees to be their fathers transformed, ii. 29; use of bull-roarers among, vii. 106, xi. 229 _sq._, 232; drank blood of slain men to make themselves brave, viii. 151; their expulsion of a demon, ix. 110; their dread of women at menstruation, x. 77

Diet regulated on the principle of homoeopathic magic, i. 135; of kings and priests regulated, iii. 291 _sqq._

Dieterich, A., on rebirth, iii. 369 _n._ 3

Difference of language between husbands and wives, iii. 347 _sq._; between men and women, iii. 348 _sq._

Digger Indians of California, ashes of dead smeared on head of mourner among the, viii. 164

Digging the fields, homoeopathic magic at, i. 139

Digging-sticks used by women, vii. 118, 120, 122, 124, 126, 128

Dijon, ox killed at harvest near, vii. 290; Lenten fires at, x. 114

Diminution of shadow regarded with apprehension, iii. 86 _sq._

Dinant, Feast of All Souls in, vi. 70

Dingelstedt, in district of Erfurt, harvest custom at, vii. 221

Dingle, church of St. Brandon near, xi. 190

Dinkas or Denkas, the, of the White Nile, iv. 28 _sqq._; magical powers of chiefs among, i. 347; worship a supreme being called Dengdit, iv. 30; totemism of, iv. 30 _sq._; their rain-makers, iv. 31 _sqq._; their rain-makers not allowed to die a natural death, iv. 33; their belief in serpents as reincarnations of the dead, v. 82 _sq._; pour milk on graves, v. 87; their reverence for their cattle, viii. 37 _sqq._; their offering of first-fruits, viii. 114; their use of cows as scapegoats, ix. 193

Dinkelsbühl in Bavaria, the Corn-mother at, vii. 133

_Dinnschenchas_ or _Dinnsenchus_, early Irish document, iv. 183 _n._ 4

Dio Chrysostom, as to the soul on the lips, iii. 33; on fame as a shadow, iii. 86 _sq._; on the people of Tarsus, v. 118; on pyre at Tarsus, v. 126 _n._ 1; on the Sacaea, ix. 368, 402 _n._ 1; on Sardanapalus, ix. 390 _n._ 1; his account of the treatment of the mock king of the Sacaea, ix. 414

Diocles, prince of Eleusis, vii. 37

Diodorus Siculus, on divine honours accorded to Hippolytus, i. 25 _n._ 1; on adoption of Hercules by Hera, i. 74; on the worship of Egyptian kings, i. 418 _n._ 2; on Amulius Silvius, king of Alba, ii. 180; on the origin of fire, ii. 256 _n._ 1; on Peleus in Phthia, ii. 278 _n._ 4; on the rules of life observed by Egyptian kings, iii. 12 _sq._; on the worship of Poseidon in Peloponnese, v. 203; on the burial of Osiris, vi. 10 _sq._; on the rise of the Nile, vi. 31 _n._ 1; on the date of harvest in Egypt, vi. 32 _n._ 2; on Osiris as a sun-god, vi. 120; on the predominance of women over men in ancient Egypt, vi. 214; on worship of Demeter and Persephone, vii. 56 _sqq._; on the laments of the Egyptian reapers, vii. 215; on the human sacrifices of the Celts, xi. 32 Diomede, at Troezen, i. 27; white horses sacrificed to, i. 27; sacred grove of, i. 27; marries the daughter of the king of Daunia, ii. 278 _sq._; human sacrifices to, iv. 166 _n._ 1, v. 145

_Dionaea_, Venus’ fly-trap, homoeopathic magic of, i. 144

Dione, wife of Zeus at Dodona, ii. 189; the old consort of Zeus, ii. 381, 382

Dionysiac festival of the opening of the wine jars, ix. 351 _sq._

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, on the simplicity of Roman worship, ii. 202 _sq._; on the Etruscans, ii. 287 _n._ 4; on Tarquin the Proud, ii. 291 _n._ 2

Dionysus, vii. 1 _sqq._; mated with Artemis, i. 36; advises the Edonians to put their king Lycurgus to death, i. 366; the Lenaean festival of, ii. 44; marriage of, to the Queen of Athens, ii. 136 _sq._, vii. 30 _sq._; in the Marshes, sanctuary of, ii. 137; as a bull, ii. 137 _n._ 1, v. 123, vii. 16 _sq._, 31, viii. 3 _sqq._; and Ariadne, ii. 138; his face or body sometimes painted red, ii. 175; identified with ivy, ii. 251; in the city, festival of, iii. 316; the tomb of, at Delphi, iv. 3; human sacrifice consummated by a priest of, iv. 163; boys sacrificed to, iv. 166 _n._ 1; with vine and plough-man on a coin, v. 166; ancient interpretation of, v. 194, 213; death, resurrection, and ascension of, v. 302 _n._ 4, vii. 12 _sqq._, 32; torn in pieces, vi. 98, vii. 13, 14; and Lycurgus, vi. 98, vii. 24; and Pentheus, vi. 98, vii. 24; human sacrifices to, in Chios, vi. 98 _sq._, vii. 24; his coarse symbolism, vi. 113; identified with Osiris, vi. 113, vii. 3; similarity of the rites of, to those of Osiris, vi. 113, 127; race of boys at vintage from his sanctuary, vi. 238; men dressed as women in the rites of, vi. 258; the effeminate, vi. 259; god of the vine, vii. 2 _sq._; god of trees, vii. 3 _sq._; the Flowery, vii. 4; a god of agriculture and corn, vii. 5, 29; and the winnowing-fan, vii. 5 _sqq._, 27, 29; as Zagreus, vii. 12; horned, vii. 12, 16; son of Zeus by Persephone, Demeter, or Semele, vii. 12, 14; the sacred heart of, vii. 13, 14, 15; ritual of, vii. 14 _sq._; his grave at Delphi or at Thebes, vii. 14; torn to pieces at Thebes, vii. 14, 25; his descent into Hades, vii. 15; as god of the dead, vii. 16; live animals rent in rites of, vii. 17, 18, viii. 16; as a goat, vii. 17 _sq._, viii. 1 _sqq._; human sacrifices in his rites, vii. 24; his death and resurrection perhaps acted at the Anthesteria, vii. 32; a barbarous deity, vii. 34; son of Zeus and Demeter, vii. 66; and the bull-roarer, vii. 110 _n._ 4; his relations to Pan, Satyrs, and Silenuses, viii. 1 _sqq._; his resurrection perhaps enacted in his rites, viii. 16; the Foxy, viii. 282; and the drama, ix. 384

Dioscorides on mistletoe, xi. 318 _n._ 1

Diospolis Parva (How), monument of Osiris at, vi. 110

Diphilus, king of Cyprus, v. 146

Dipping for apples at Hallowe’en, x. 237, 239, 241, 242, 245

Dirk to be called by another name on meeting a goblin, iii. 396

Disappearance of early kings, iv. 28, 31

Disc, winged, as divine emblem, v. 132

Discoloration, annual, of the river Adonis, v. 30, 225

Discovery of fire, ii. 255 _sqq._; of the body of Osiris, vi. 85 _sq._

Discs, burning, thrown into the air, x. 116 _sq._, 119, 143, 165, 166, 168 _sq._, 172, 328, 334; burning, perhaps directed at witches, x. 345

Disease, demons of, expelled by pungent spices, pricks, and cuts, iii. 105 _sq._; transferred to other people, ix. 6 _sq._; transferred to tree, ix. 7; transferred to effigies, ix. 7; demons of, exorcized by devil-dancers, ix. 38; caused by ghosts, ix. 85; annual expulsion of, ix. 139; sent away in little ships, ix. 185 _sqq._; walking through fire as a remedy for, xi. 7; conceived as something physical that can be stripped off the patient and left behind, xi. 172. _See also_ Cures, Demons, Sickness

—— of language the supposed source of myths, vi. 42

Disease-makers in Tana, i. 341 _sq._

Diseases thought to be caused by demons, ix. 92, 94, 95, 100, 102, 103

——- of cattle ascribed to witchcraft, x. 343

Disenchanting strangers, various modes of, iii. 102 _sqq._

Disguises to avert the evil eye, vi. 262; to deceive dangerous spirits, vi. 262 _sq._, 263 _sq._

Dish, external soul of warlock in, xi. 141

Dishes, effect of eating out of sacred, iii. 4; of sacred persons tabooed, iii. 131; special, used by girls at puberty, x. 47, 49. _See_ Vessels

Disintegration, atomic, viii. 305

Dislike of people to have children like themselves, iii. 88 _sq._, iv. 287 (288 in Second Impression)

Dislocation, Roman cure for, xi. 177

Dismemberment of Osiris, suggested explanations of, vi. 97, vii. 262; of Halfdan the Black, king of Norway, vi. 100, 102; of Segera, a magician of Kiwai, vi. 101; of kings and magicians, and use of their severed limbs to fertilize the country, vi. 101 _sq._; of the bodies of the dead to prevent their souls from becoming dangerous ghosts, vi. 188

Displacement of heathen festivals by two days in the Christian calendar, i. 14

Disposal of cut hair and nails, iii. 267 _sqq._

_Ditino_, deified dead kings of the Barotse, vi. 194

Dittenberger, W., on the Eleusinian games, vii. 77 _n._ 4

Dittmar, C. von, on the fear of demons among the Koryaks, ix. 100 _sq._

Diurnal tenure of the kingship, iv. 118 _sq._

Dius, a Macedonian month, vii. 46 _n._ 2

Divination from spittle, i. 99; by casting stones, inspection of entrails, and interpretation of dreams,