vii. 198

Choerilus, Greek historian, as to the epitaph of Sardanapalus, ix. 388 _n._ 1

Cholera sent away in animal scapegoats, ix. 190, 191 _sq._

——, demon of, expelled, ix. 116, 117, 172; threatened with swords, ix. 123; conjured into an image, ix. 172; sent away on a raft, ix. 190

——, goddess of, kept off by iron, iii. 234; sent away in a little chariot, ix. 194

Cholones, the, of eastern Peru, their custom as to poisoned arrows, i. 116; their charms against snake-bite, etc., i. 153

Cholula, a city of Mexico, worship of Quetzalcoatl at, ix. 281

Chonga, on the Niger, the king of, keeps himself concealed, iii. 121

Chopping-knife, soul of woman in childbirth transferred for safety to a, xi. 153 _sq._

Chorinchen, custom at threshing at, vii. 148

Chorion or foetal membrane, Icelandic belief as to, i. 199 _sq._

Chota Nagpur in India, ceremonies observed by rearers of silkworms in, iii. 194 _n._ 1; the Oraons of, vii. 244; stones or leaves piled on places where persons have been killed by wild beasts in, ix. 19; annual expulsion of disease in, ix. 139; the fire-walk in, xi. 5

Chouquet, in Normandy, the Green Wolf at, x. 185

Chouville, Léon, on the King of the Bean in France, ix. 315 _n._ 1

Chréais or Jaray, tribe in the mountains of Cambodia, their Kings of Fire and Water, ii. 3

Christ, his Nativity, v. 304 _sq._; his crucifixion, v. 306 _sqq._, ix. 412 _sqq._; his resurrection, v. 306, 307 _n._, 308 _sqq._; doubts as to his historical reality unfounded, v. 311 _n._ 2, ix. 412 _n._ 1; and Osiris, vi. 59

_Christbrand_, the Yule log, x. 248

Christenburg Crags, in Northumberland, Midsummer fires at, x. 198

Christian, Captain, his mode of execution, iii. 244

Christian, F. W., on the prostitution of unmarried girls in Yap, vi. 265 _sq._

Christian Church, its treatment of witches, xi. 42. _See_ Church

—— festivals displace heathen festivals, i. 14 _sqq._, v. 308, vi. 81 _sqq._; the great, timed by the Church to coincide with old pagan festivals, ix. 328

Christianity, purifying influence of, v. 80; its conflict with the Mithraic religion, v. 302 _sqq._; its success due to the personal influence of its founder, vi. 159 _sq._; its rapid diffusion in Asia Minor, ix. 420 _sq._

Christianity, Latin, its tolerance of rustic paganism, ix. 346

—— and Buddhism, comparison between their history, v. 310 _sqq._

—— and paganism, their resemblances explained as diabolical counterfeits, v. 302, 309 _sq._

Christians, pretenders to divinity among, i. 407 _sqq._

—— and pagans, their controversy as to Easter, v. 309 _sq._

_Christklotz_, the Yule log, x. 248

Christmas, custom of swinging at, iv. 284; festival of, borrowed from the Mithraic religion, v. 302 _sqq._; the heathen origin of, v. 305; straw of Corn-mother placed in manger of cattle at, vii. 134; the last sheaf given to cattle at, vii. 155, 158, 160 _sq._; boar sacrificed at, vii. 302; pretence of human sacrifice at, vii. 302; dances to make the flax grow at, viii. 328; custom of young men and women beating each other at, ix. 270; an old midwinter festival of the sun-god, ix. 328, x. 246, 331 _sq._; new fire made by the friction of wood at, x. 264; mistletoe gathered at, xi. 291. _See also_ Yule

Christmas Boar among the Esthonians, vii. 302 _sq._

—— cake, x. 257, 259, 261

—— candle, the, x. 255, 256, 260

—— custom in Poland, vii. 275; in Sweden, vii. 301 _sq._

—— Day, hunting the wren on, viii. 319, 320; Mexican festival on, ix. 287; divination on, ix. 316 _n._ 1; Old (Twelfth Night), ix. 321

—— drama in Sweden, viii. 327 _sq._

—— Eve, fruit-trees girt or tied together with straw on, ii. 17, 27 _sq._; barren fruit-trees threatened on, ii. 21; presages as to shadows on, iii. 88; celebration of, in Oesel, vii. 302; hunting the wren on, viii. 318, 321; witches active on, ix. 160; cattle acquire the gift of speech on, x. 254; torchlight processions on, x. 266; trees fumigated with wild thyme on, xi. 64; the fern blooms on, xi. 66; witches dreaded on, xi. 73; sick children passed through cleft trees on, xi. 172

—— night, fern-seed blooms on, xi. 289

—— pig in Servia, x. 259

—— visitor, the, x. 261 _sq._, 263, 264

Christs, Russian sect of the, i. 407 _sq._

Chrudim in Bohemia, effigy of Death burnt at, iv. 239

Chu-en-aten, name assumed by King Amenophis IV. of Egypt, vi. 124

Chu-Tu-shi, a Chinese were-tiger, x. 310 _sq._

Chua-hang or Troc, the caves of, in Annam, i. 301 _sq._

Chuckchees or Chukchees of North-Eastern Asia, their chief sacrificed in time of pestilence, i. 367 _n._ 1; sacred fire-boards of the, ii. 225 _sq._; divine by the shoulder-blades of sheep, iii. 229 _n._ 4; change the name of the youngest son after his mother’s death, iii. 358; voluntary deaths among the, iv. 13; effeminate sorcerers among the, vi. 256 _sq._; their ceremony at killing a wolf, viii. 221

Chukmas, a tribe of the Chittagong Hill racts, the tug-of-war among the,