The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion (Third Edition, Vol. 12 of 12)

ii. 277;

Chapter 433,694 wordsPublic domain

said to have instituted marriage, ii. 284; half-serpent, half-man, iv. 86 _sq._; father of Agraulus, v. 145; father of Pandion, vii. 70; institutes the festival of Cronus, ix. 351

Cedar, sacred, in Gilgit, ii. 49, 50 _sq._; smoke of, inhaled as mode of inspiration, i. 383 _sq._

—— sprung from the body of Osiris, vi. 110

Cedar-bark, ornaments of, worn in dances, ix. 376; red, used in ceremonies of a secret society, xi. 271

—— forests of Cilicia, v. 149, 150 _n._ 1

—— tree, girl annually sacrificed to, ii. 17; Osiris interpreted as a cedar-tree god, vi. 109 _n._ 1

—— wood burned as a religious rite, ii. 130

Ceklinj, in Crnagora, divination on St. George’s morning at, ii. 345

Celaenae in Phrygia, skin of Marsyas shown at, v. 288; home of Lityerses, vii. 217

Celebes, the Buginese of, i. 158, iv. 277; rain-making in, i. 277; magical virtue of regalia in, i. 362 _sqq._; Loowoo in, i. 364; fear of offending forest-spirits in, ii. 40; hooking souls in, iii. 30; the Alfoors of, iii. 33, 129, 260; Bolang Mongando in, iii. 53, viii. 54, ix. 121 _n._ 3; Minahassa in, iii. 63, 99, iv. 214, vii. 296, viii. 100, 123, 153; exorcism of spirits by means of rice in, iii. 106; propitiation of the souls of slain enemies in, iii. 166; the Toumbuluh tribe of, iii. 295, 298; Poso in, iii. 332, vii. 236, viii. 244; Boni in, iv. 40; the Bantiks of, iv. 130 _n._; sanctity of regalia in, iv. 202; the Macassars of, iv. 277; conduct of the inhabitants in an earthquake, v. 200; division of agricultural work between the sexes in, vii. 124; observation of the Pleiades in, vii. 313; customs as to eating the new rice in, viii. 54; harvest festivals in, viii. 122 _sq._; kinship of men with crocodiles in, viii. 212; precautions against mice in, viii. 277 _sq._; sticks or stones piled on scenes of violent death in, ix. 15; Macassar in, x. 14; souls of persons removed for safety from their bodies in, xi. 153 _sq._

——, Central, ix. 122 _n._; the Toradjas of, i. 109, 114, 129, 159, 172, 253, 271, 286, 303, ii. 39, 113, iii. 62, 111, 263, 340, 373 _n._, vi. 33, vii. 182 _n._ 1, 183, 228, 295, viii. 153, ix. 34, 112 _n._ 2, 265, x. 311 _sqq._; Parigi in, i. 188; the Tolalaki of, i. 188, ii. 111, viii. 152; the Toboongkoos of, i. 189, ii. 28, 35, iii. 48, 78, iv. 219; the Tomori of, i. 189, ii. 29, 35, 110, vii. 193, 288; Poso in, ii. 29, 35, iii. 411, vii. 194; rice strewn on heads of warriors after a raid in, iii. 36; the Tolindoos of, iii. 78; the Tolampoos of, iii. 319

——, Northern, Minahassa in, i. 382, viii. 54, ix. 111 _sq._

——, Southern, treatment of the navel-string and afterbirth in, i. 189 _sq._; rain-charm by means of a cat in, i. 289; the Toorat-eyas of, i. 361; customs at childbirth in, ii. 32, iii. 32, 245; the Macassars and Bugineese of, ii. 110; rice strewn on heads of bridegrooms and victors in, iii. 35 _sq._; rule as to treatment of a prince’s corpse in, iii. 238; marriage custom in, vi. 260; birth-trees in, xi. 164

——, West, Bolang Mongondo in, iii. 341, 376, ix. 85, 121

Celenderis in Cilicia, v. 41

Celestial power acquired by inoculation, viii. 160 _sq._

Celeus, king of Eleusis, vii. 37; and Demeter, viii. 334

Celibacy of holy milkmen, iii. 15, 16; of the Vestal Virgins, x. 138 _n._ 5

Celtic bisection of the year, x. 223

—— calendar of Coligny, i. 17 _n._ 2

—— divinity akin to Artemis, ii. 126

—— festival of the dead, vi. 82

—— and Italian languages akin, ii. 189

—— population, their superstition as to Snake Stones, x. 15

—— stories of the external soul, xi. 126 _sqq._

—— Vestals, ii. 241 _n._ 1

—— year reckoned from November 1st, vi. 81

Celts, their worship of the oak, ii. 9, 362 _sq._, xi. 89; their worship of the Huntress Artemis, ii. 125 _sq._; their worship of Arduinna, ii. 126; holy fires tended by virgins among the, ii. 240; in Asia, ii. 363; their theory of names, iii. 319; their festival of All Souls, vi. 81 _sq._; their mode of forecasting the weather of the year, ix. 323 _sq._; their two great fire-festivals on the Eve of May Day and Hallowe’en, x. 222, 224

——, the British, their chief fire-festivals, Beltane and Hallowe’en, xi. 40 _sq._

—— of Brittany, their use of mistletoe, xi. 320

—— of Gaul, their harvest festival, i. 17; their indifference to death, iv. 142 _sq._; their calendar, ix. 342 _sqq._; their human sacrifices, xi. 32 _sq._; the victims perhaps witches and wizards, xi. 41 _sq._; W. Mannhardt’s theory of the sacrifices, xi. 43

—— of Ireland, their belief in the blighting effect of incest, ii. 116; their new fire on Hallowe’en, x. 139

—— of northern Italy, xi. 320

Celts (prehistoric implements), called “thunderbolts,” x. 14 _sq._

Cemeteries, cut hair and nails buried in, iii. 274; fairs held at, iv. 101, 102

Cenaed, king of the Scots, ii. 286

Censorinus, on the date of the rising of Sirius, vi. 34 _n._ 1; on the octennial cycle, vii. 81 _n._ 4, 82 _n._ 2, 86 _sq._

Centipedes not to be called by their proper name, iii. 407, 411

Central Provinces of India, belief as to twins in, i. 269; use of frogs in rain-charms in, i. 293; ceremonies observed by rearers of silk-worms in the, iii. 194 _n._ 1; gardens of Adonis in the, v. 242 _sq._; custom as to cutting the last corn at harvest in the, vii. 222 _n._ 2; the Parjas of the, viii. 27 _sq._, 28, 119; customs as to first-fruits in the, viii. 118 _sq._; the Gadbas of the, viii. 118; the Mannewars of the, viii. 119; the Nahals of the, viii. 119; cholera expelled by means of chickens in the, ix. 190; cure for fever in the, xi. 190

Ceos, Greek island of, funeral customs in, i. 105; the rising of Sirius observed in, vi. 35 _n._ 1; rule as to the pollution of death in, vi. 227; sick children passed through a cleft oak in, xi. 172

Ceram, i. 125; treatment of the navel-string in, i. 187; rain-making in, i. 248; Alfoors of, their veneration for their high-priest, i. 400; expiation for unchastity in, ii. 109 _n._ 1; rule as to girl scratching herself in, iii. 146 _n._ 1; fear of women’s blood in, iii. 251; men do not crop their hair in, iii. 260; division of agricultural work between the sexes in, vii. 124; ceremony at eating the new rice in, viii. 54; offerings of first-fruits to ancestors in, viii. 123; kinship of men with crocodiles in, viii. 212; sicknesses expelled in a ship from, ix. 185; sickness transferred to branches in, ix. 186; seclusion of girls at puberty in, x. 36; belief that strength of young people is in their hair in, xi. 158; rites of initiation to the Kakian association in, xi. 249 _sqq._

Ceramicus, the, at Athens, graves of warriors in, iv. 96

Cereal deity, viii. 52, 83

Cereals cultivated in ancient Egypt, vi. 30; in Europe, antiquity of the cultivation of, vii. 79; cultivated by the early Aryans, vii. 132

Ceremonial purity observed in war, iii. 157. _See_ Purity, Chastity, Continence

Ceremonies at cutting down haunted trees, ii. 34 _sqq._; at the reception of strangers, iii. 102 _sqq._; at entering a strange land, iii. 109 _sqq._; after slaughter of panthers, lions, bears, serpents, etc., iii. 219 _sqq._; at haircutting, iii. 264 _sqq._

——, initiatory, of Central Australian aborigines, i. 92 _sqq._

——, magical, for the multiplication of totems, i. 85 _sqq._; for the regulation of the seasons, v. 3 _sqq._; to ensure fertility of women, x. 23 _sq._, 31

——, purificatory, on return from a journey, iii. 111 _sqq._

Ceremony of the Horse at rice-harvest among the Garos, viii. 337 _sqq._

Ceres, names of fathers and daughters tabooed during the rites of, iii. 337; married to Orcus, vi. 231; corn the gift of, vii. 42; the, in France, vii. 135; festival of, vii. 297 _n._ 5; Roman sacrifices to, viii. 133; first ears of corn sacrificed to, viii. 133

_Cervulus muntjac_, species of deer, supposed to house the soul of an ancestor, viii. 294

_Cervus equinus_, a species of deer, claimed as relations by Malanaus in Borneo, viii. 294

Cetchwayo, king of Zululand, iii. 377

Cetraro in Calabria, Easter custom at, x. 123

Ceylon, _deega_ and _beena_ marriage in, ii. 271 _n._ 1, vi. 215; custom of tying a knot on a threshing-floor in, iii. 308 _sq._; sanctity of the threshing-floor in, viii. 110 _n._ 4; fear of demons in, ix. 94 _sq._; the king of, and his external soul, xi. 102

Chaco, the Gran, Lengua Indians of, i. 313, 330, 359, iii. 38, 357, iv. 11, 63, viii. 245; the Guaycurus of, iii. 357, vii. 309; the Matacos of, x. 58, 59; the Tobas of, x. 59; marriage custom of Indians of, x. 75; Indians of, their treatment of a wound, x. 98 _n._ 1

——, the Paraguayan, ix. 78, x. 56, 75 _n._ 2

Chadwars of the Central Provinces, India, expiation for slaughter of totemic animal among the, viii. 28

Chadwick, Professor H. M., on female descent of kingship in Greece and Sweden, ii. 278 _n._ 1; on the story of Hamlet, ii. 281 _n._ 2; on the marriage of Canute and Emma, ii. 283 _n._ 1; on the festival of October 1st, vi. 81 _n._ 3; on the dismemberment of Halfdan the Black, vi. 100 _n._ 2; on a priest dressed as a woman, vi. 259 _n._ 2; on a passage in the _Voluspa_, x. 103 _n._

Chaeronea, the sceptre of Agamemnon worshipped at, i. 365; the “expulsion of hunger” at, ix. 252

Chain used to expel demons, ix. 260

Chains, iron, worn as amulets, iii. 235; clanked as a protection against witches, ix. 163; clanked in masquerade, ix. 244

Chait, an Indian month, ii. 149, viii. 119

Chaka, the Zulu despot, iv. 36 _sq._, viii. 67, xi. 212 _n._; as a diviner, i. 350

Chaldean priests as to the human wife of Bel, ii. 129 _sq._

Chaldeans, magic of, ix. 64

Chalk, white, bodies of newly initiated lads coated with, xi. 241

Chalk mark on brow a protection against a ghost, iii. 186 _n._ 1

Chalking up crosses as a protection against witches, ix. 160, 162, 165; on Twelfth Night, ix. 314, 315 _n._, 331

Chama, town on the Gold Coast, Horse-mackerel people at, iv. 129

Chamar caste in the Punjaub, ix. 196

Chamba, in India, ceremony at the funeral of a Rani of, ix. 45

Chambers, E. K., on the Festival of Fools, ix. 336 _n._ 1; on the Celtic bisection of the year, x. 223

Chambéry, the harvest Wolf near, vii. 275; “the wound of the Ox” at harvest near, vii. 288; “killing the Ox” at threshing at, vii. 291

Chambezi river in Central Africa, ii. 277

Chameleon, ceremony at killing a, ix. 28

Champion at English coronation ceremony, ii. 322

Chams, the, of Indo-China, their taboos in search for eagle-wood, i. 120; their homoeopathic magic at sowing, i. 144; precautions against ghosts among the, i. 280; their fear of waking the rice at mid-day, ii. 28 _sq._; their traditions of human victims sacrificed by drowning, ii. 159; continence at the making of a dam among the, iii. 202; open cattle-stalls and unyoke ploughs to aid women in childbed, iii. 297; use an artificial jargon in searching for eagle-wood, iii. 404; their story of the type of Beauty and the Beast, iv. 130 _n._ 1; their ceremonies at ploughing, sowing, reaping and eating the new rice, viii. 56 _sqq._; their sacrifices to the “god rat,” viii. 283; their belief in transmigration, viii. 291 _sq._

Chang, the house of, ancient Chinese family, i. 413

Change in date of Egyptian festivals with the adoption of the fixed Alexandrian year, vi. 92 _sqq._

—— of language caused by taboo on the names of the dead, iii. 358 _sqq._, 375; caused by taboo on names of chiefs and kings, iii. 375, 376 _sqq._

—— of name to deceive ghosts, iii. 354 _sqq._; as a cure for ill health, iv. 158

Changes of shape, magical, vii. 305

Chants, plaintive, of corn-reapers in antiquity, vi. 45 _sq._

“Charcoal Man” at Midsummer, xi. 26 _n._ 2

Charente Inférieure, department of, St. John’s fires in the, x. 192

Chariot in rain-charm, i. 309; procession with god riding in a, ii. 130; patient drawn through the yoke of a, xi. 192

—— and horses dedicated to the sun, i. 315

Chariot-race at Olympia, iv. 91, 104 _sq._, 287; annual, on the Field of Mars at Rome, viii. 42

—— -races in honour of the dead, iv. 93

Chariots, epidemics sent away in toy, ix. 193 _sq._; used by sacred persons, x. 4 _n._ 1

Charlemagne, x. 270; compared to Osiris, vi. 199

Charles I. touches for scrofula, i. 368

Charles II. touches for scrofula, i. 368 _sq._; champion at his coronation, ii. 322

Charlotte Waters, in Central Australia, the Blind Tree at, i. 147

Charm to protect a town, vi. 249 _sqq._

Charms to ensure long life, i. 168 _sq._; to prevent the sun from going down, i. 316 _sqq._; to facilitate childbirth, iii. 295 _sq._ _See also_ Amulets, Magic, Talismans

Charon, places of, v. 204, 205

_Charonia_, places of Charon, v. 204

Chasas of Orissa believe that leprosy is caused by injuring a totemic animal, viii. 26 _sq._

“Chasing the Wild Man out of the bush,” a Whitsuntide custom, iv. 208 _sq._

“Chasms of Demeter and Persephone,” viii. 17

Chaste young men kindle need-fire, x. 273

Chastity observed for sake of absent persons, i. 123, 124, 125, 131; required of rain-doctor, i. 271; practised to make the crops grow, ii. 104 _sqq._; required of persons who handle dishes and food, ii. 115 _sq._, 205; Milton on, ii. 118 _n._ 1; as a virtue not understood by savages, ii. 118; observed by sacred men, perhaps the husbands of a goddess, ii. 135, 136; observed by sacred women, ii. 137; observed by women in making pottery, ii. 204; required in those who make fire by friction, ii. 238 _sq._; observed by women at festival of the corn-goddess, v. 43; ordeal of, v. 115 _n._ 2; required in sower of seed, vii. 115 _sq._; observed by matrons at the Thesmophoria, vii. 116; required in service of sacred serpent, viii. 18; required of hunter before hunting bears, viii. 226; associated with abstinence from salt, x. 27 _sq._ _See also_ Continence

Château-Thierry, Midsummer fires at, x. 187 _sq._

Chateaubriand, his description of the Natchez festival, viii. 135 _sqq._

Chatham Islands, birth-trees in the, xi. 165

Chatti, German tribe, their custom as to their hair, iii. 262

Chauci, a German tribe, on the North Sea, ii. 353

Chauta, Master, prayer for rain to, i. 250

_Chavandes_, bonfires on the first Sunday in Lent, x. 109 _n._ 2

Chavantes, Indian tribe of the Tocantins River, iv. 12 _n._ 5

Cheadle, in Staffordshire, the Yule log at, x. 256

Cheese, eaten by human scapegoat before being put to death, ix. 255; the Beltane, kept as a charm against the bewitching of milk-produce, x. 154

Cheese Monday, the Monday of the last week in Carnival, celebrated by Thracian and Bulgarian peasants, vii. 26, viii. 333

_Chegilla_, food taboos in Congo, iii. 137

Cheltenham, Jack-in-the-Green at, ii. 82 _sq._

Chemakum tribe of Washington State, prohibition to mention the names of the dead in the, iii. 365

Chemistry, alchemy leads up to, i. 374

Chemmis in Egypt, temple of Perseus at, iii. 312 _n._ 2

_Chêne-Doré_, “the gilded oak,” in Perche, xi. 287 _n._ 1

Chenourazah, king of the Maldive Islands, ii. 153

Chent-Ament (Khenti-Amenti), title of Osiris, vi. 87

Chephren, king of Egypt, his statue, vi. 21 _sq._

Chepstow oak, in Gloucestershire, mistletoe on the, xi. 316

Cheremiss, the, of Russia, their sacred groves, ii. 44; will not fell trees while the corn is in bloom, ii. 49; keep the names of their villages secret, iii. 391; their custom at eating the new corn, viii. 51; offer cakes instead of horses, viii. 95 _n._ 2; their expulsion of Satan, ix. 156; their Midsummer festival, x. 181

Chero, the, of Mirzapur, their contagious magic of footprints, i. 209

Cherokee Indians, their myth of the Old Woman of the Corn, vi. 46 _sq._; their lamentations after “the first working of the corn,” vi. 47; annual expulsion of evils among the, ix. 128. _See also_ Cherokees

—— hunters pray to the eagles they have killed, viii. 236; ask pardon of the deer they kill, viii. 241

—— mythology, viii. 204 _sq._

—— sorcery with spittle, iii. 287 _sq._

Cherokees, homoeopathic magic of plants among the, i. 144, 146 _sq._; their charms to ensure success in ball-playing, i. 144, 155; foods avoided by the, on homoeopathic principles, i. 155; homoeopathic magic of animals among the, i. 155 _sq._; their charm to become good singers, i. 156; their charm to strengthen a child’s grip, i. 156; their mode of averting an evil omen, i. 172; their custom as to children’s cast teeth, i. 180; their treatment of the navel-string, i. 198; their mode of averting a storm, i. 321; try to deceive the spirits of rattlesnakes and eagles, iii. 399; think that to step over a vine blasts it, iii. 424; personify maize as an Old Woman, vii. 177; their way of attracting the corn, vii. 190; their festival of first-fruits, viii. 72 _n._ 2; their belief in the homoeopathic magic of the flesh of animals, viii. 139; no clear distinction between animals and men in their mythology, viii. 204 _sq._; their respect for rattlesnakes, viii. 218 _sq._; their ceremonies at killing a wolf, viii. 220 _sq._; their propitiation of the eagles which they have killed, viii. 236; their custom of removing the hamstring of deer, viii. 266; their sacred arks, x. 11 _sq._; their ideas as to trees struck by lightning, xi. 296 _sq._

Cherrington, in Warwickshire, the Queen of May at, ii. 88

Cherry-tree, charm to make it bear fruit, i. 141; wood used for Yule log, x. 250

—— -trees, branches of, used to beat people with in the Christmas holidays, ix. 270; torches thrown at, x. 108

Chersonese, the Thracian, iv. 93

Chervil-seed burnt in Midsummer-fire, x. 213

Cheshire, May-poles in, ii. 70 _sq._; popular cure for rheumatism in, iii. 106 _n._ 2; All Souls’ Day in, vi. 79; Plough Monday in, viii. 330 _n._ 1; cure for thrush in, ix. 50; cure for warts in, ix. 57

_Chesnitsa_, Christmas cake in Servia, x. 261

Chester, Midsummer giants at, xi. 37

Chet, Indian month (March-April), iv. 265

Chetang, mountains of, in Tibet, ix. 220

Chetti worshipped in the Deccan, vii. 7

_Chevannes_, bonfires on the first Sunday in Lent, x. 111 _n._ 1

Chevas of South Africa, their notion as to whirlwinds, i. 331 _n._ 2

Chewsurs of the Caucasus, their rain-charm, i. 282; taboos observed by an annual official among the, iii. 292 _sq._; their annual Festival of All Souls, iv. 98, vi. 65; their funeral games, iv. 98

Cheyenne Indians, seclusion of girls at puberty among the, x. 54 _sq._

—— women secluded at menstruation, x. 89

Cheyne, Professor T. K., on the brazen serpent, iv. 86 _n._ 4; on lament for kings of Judah, v. 20 _n._ 2

Chhatarpur, in Bundelcund, ceremony for stopping rain at, i. 296 _sq._

Chiambioa Indians of Brazil, their masked dances, viii. 208 _n._ 1

Chiaromonte in Sicily, Midsummer custom at, x. 210

Chibchas (Muyscas or Mozcas), the, of Colombia, their reverence for the pontiff of Sogamozo, i. 416

Chibisa, an African chief, killed by a sand-bullet, xi. 314

_Chica_ or _chicha_, a native American intoxicant, ii. 105, iii. 250 _n._ 1, x. 57, 58

Chi-chi Mama, “the Drenched Mother,” in rain-making, in Armenia, i. 276

Chicken bones, omens from, ii. 70

Chickens, sickness transferred to, ix. 31; as scapegoats, ix. 190

Chicomecohuatl, Mexican goddess of maize, vii. 176, ix. 286 _n._ 1, 291, 292; girl annually sacrificed in the character of, ix. 292 _sqq._

Chicory, the white flower of, opens all locks, xi. 71

Chidley, Cape, spirit of reindeer in cave at, viii. 245

Chief, power of divination possessed by, i. 344; as priest, ii. 215 _sqq._; ancestral, reincarnate in snakes, v. 84; the divinity of a, supposed to reside in his eyes, viii. 153. _See also_ Chiefs

Chiefs daughter, ceremonies observed by her at puberty, x. 30, 43

—— head not to be touched, i. 344

Chiefs, sorcerers regarded as, in New Guinea, i. 337 _sq._; in Melanesia, supernatural power of, i. 338 _sqq._; evolved out of magicians, especially out of rain-makers, in Africa, i. 342 _sqq._; magical powers ascribed to, i. 349; not allowed to leave their premises, i. 349; punished for drought and dearth, i. 352 _sqq._; as priests, ii. 215 _sq._, viii. 126; chosen from several families in rotation, ii. 292 _sqq._; foods tabooed to, iii. 291, 292; names of, tabooed, iii. 376 _sq._, 378 _sq._, 381, 382

——, dead, worshipped, vi. 175, 176, 177, 179, 181 _sq._, 187; thought to control the rain, vi. 188; sacrifices to, vi. 191, viii. 113; spirits of, prophesy through living men and women, vi. 192 _sq._; spirits of, give rain, viii. 109; deified after death, viii. 125; souls of, in lions, viii. 287 _sq._

—— and kings tabooed, iii. 131 _sqq._

—— in the Pelew Islands, custom of slaying, vi. 266 _sqq._

——, sacred, viii. 28; not allowed to leave their enclosures, iii. 124; regarded as dangerous, iii. 138

Chiefs’ daughters entrusted with the sacred fire among the Herero, ii. 215, 228

Chieftainship and kingship in Africa fully developed, i. 342

Chikumbu, a Yao chief, xi. 314

Chilblains, the Yule log a preventive of, x. 250

Chilcotin Indians of North-West America, their ceremony at an eclipse of the sun, i. 312, iv. 77

Child, carried by sower to ensure fertility, i. 142; under puberty employed by Ba-Ronga women to light the potter’s kiln, ii. 205; placed in bride’s lap as a fertility charm, ii. 230 _sq._; born on harvest-field, pretence of, vii. 150 _sq._ _See also_ Children

“—— of the assegai,” iv. 183

—— and father, supposed danger of resemblance between, iii. 88 _sq._, iv. 287 (288, in Second Impression)

“Child-stones,” where souls of dead await rebirth, v. 100

Child’s life bound up with the tree with or under which its navel-string or after-birth was planted, i. 182, 184, 194

—— nails bitten off, iii. 262

—— Well at Oxford, ii. 161

Childbed, woman in, thought to control the wind, i. 324; souls of women dying in, live in trees, ii. 31; taboos on women in, iii. 147 _sqq._; precautions taken with women in, iii. 314; deceiving the ghosts of women who have died in, viii. 97 _sq._

Childbirth, Diana as goddess of, i. 12, ii. 128; precautions taken with mothers at, iii. 32, 33, 233, 234, 239, 245; women tabooed at, iii. 145; supposed dangerous infection of, iii. 147 _sqq._; confessions of sins to expedite, iii. 216 _sq._; women after, their hair shaved and burnt, iii. 284; knots untied at, iii. 294, 296 _sq._, 297 _sq._; homoeopathic magic to facilitate, iii. 295 _sqq._; primitive ignorance of the causes of, v. 106 _sq._; customs of women after, x. 20

Childermas (Holy Innocents’ Day), the 28th day of December, Boy Bishop on,