vi. 168, 169, 224

_Busk_, festival of first-fruits among the Creek Indians, viii. 72

Busoga, pretended human sacrifice in, iv. 215

Bust, double-headed, at Nemi, i. 41 _sq._

Bustard totem of the Ingarda, v. 104

_Butea frondosa_ worshipped, viii. 119; its flowers offered, ix. 136

Butlers, Roman, required to be chaste, ii. 115 _sq._, 205

Buto, city in Egypt, Horus and Isis at, vi. 10

Butter, time for making, i. 167; stolen by witches on May Day, ii. 53; stolen by witches on Walpurgis Night and Midsummer Eve, ii. 127; thought to be improved by the Midsummer fires, x. 180; bewitched, burnt at a crossroad, x. 322

“Butter-churning,” Swiss expression for kindling a need-fire, x. 279

Butterflies, souls of dead in, vi. 164, viii. 290, 291, 296 _sq._; annual expulsion of, ix. 159 _n._ 1

Butterfly, the soul as a, iii. 29 _n._ 1, 41, 51 _sq._

—— of the rice, vii. 190

Butterfly dance in Brazil, ix. 381

—— god in Samoa, viii. 29

Buttmann, Ph., on Virbius and the King of the Wood, i. 40 _n._ 2; on Janus as the god of doors, ii. 383 _n._ 3; on the derivation of _janua_ from _Janus_, ii. 384 _n._ 2

Büttner, C. G., on the firesticks of the Herero, ii. 218

Button-snake root used as a purgative, viii. 73, 75

Buzzard, the bald-headed, in homoeopathic magic, i. 155; killing the sacred, viii. 169 _sqq._

Byblus, hair offerings to Astarte at, i. 30; Adonis at, v. 13 _sqq._; the kings of, v. 14 _sqq._; mourning for Adonis at, v. 38; religious prostitution at, v. 58; inspired prophets at, v. 75 _sq._; festival of Adonis at, v. 225; Osiris and Isis at, vi. 9; the queen of, vi. 9; Osiris associated with, vi. 22 _sq._, 127; its relation to Egypt, vi. 127 _n._ 1

Byrne, H. J., on Twelfth Night in Roscommon, ix. 321 _sq._

Byron, Lord, and the oak, xi. 166

Byrsa, origin of the name, vi. 250

Cabag Head, witches at, i. 135

Cabbages, charm to make cabbages grow, i. 136 _sq._; divination by, at Hallowe’en, i. 242; threatened by Esthonian peasants to make them grow, ii. 22. _See also_ Kail

Cabugatan, in the Philippine Islands, the Igorrots of, viii. 292

Cabunian, Mount, grave of the Creator on, iv. 3

Cachar, the Kookies of, i. 160 _n._ 3

Cacongo, in West Africa, rules observed by the king of, iii. 115, 118

Cactus, taboos observed by the Huichol Indians during their search for the sacred, i. 123 _sq._; hung at door of house where there is a lying-in woman, iii. 155

Cadiz, death at low tide at, i. 167; custom of swinging at, iv. 284

Cadmea, the, at Thebes, named after Cadmus, iv. 79

Cadmus, servitude of, for the slaughter of the dragon, iv. 70 _n._ 1, 78; the slayer of the dragon at Thebes, iv. 78 _sq._; seeks Europa and founds Thebes, iv. 88; at Samothrace, iv. 89 _n._ 4; turned into a snake, v. 86 _sq._; perhaps personated by the Laurel-bearer at Thebes vi. 241

Cadmus and Harmonia, their transformation into serpents, iv. 84; marriage of, iv. 88, 89

——, Mount, v. 207

Cadys, king of Lydia, ii. 281; his son Sadyattes, v. 183

Caeculus born from the fire, ii. 197; son of the fire-god Vulcan, vi. 235

Caeles Vibenna, an Etruscan, ii. 196 _n._

Caelian hill at Rome, ii. 185, 190

Caesar, Julius, robs Capitoline Jupiter, i. 4; his villa at Nemi, i. 5; his beneficent rule, i. 216; on the Hercynian forest, ii. 7; as to German observation of the moon, vi. 141; his regulation of the calendar, vi. 37, vii. 83 _sq._, ix. 345; on the fortification walls of the Gauls, x. 267; on human sacrifices among the Celts of Gaul, xi. 32

Caesar, Lucius, his villa at Nemi, i. 5

Caesarea. _See_ Everek

Caesars, their name derived from _caesaries_, ii. 180

Caffre boys at circumcision, customs observed by, iii, 156 _sq._

—— girls, their remedy for a plague of caterpillars, viii. 280

—— hunters, their ceremonies after killing a lion, iii. 220; their propitiation of the elephants which they kill, viii. 227

—— kings turn at death into boa-constrictors, iv. 84

—— villages, women’s tracks at, x. 80

Caffres, their rule as to eating mice, i. 118; corpulence a mark of rank among the, ii. 297; race for a bride among the, ii. 303; their superstitions as to their shadows, iii. 78 _sq._, 83, 87; think that the shadows of trees are sensitive, iii. 82; expiation performed by man who had killed a boa-constrictor among the, iii. 221 _sq._; their horror of the pollution of blood, iii. 245 _sq._; their custom as to the blood of sacrifice, iii. 247; their disposal of their cut hair and nails, iii. 278; their use of knots as a charm on a journey, iii. 306; their custom of boiling a thief’s name, iii. 331; call brides after their future children, iii. 333; “women’s speech” among the, iii. 335 _sq._; their purificatory ceremonies after a battle, vi. 251 _sq._; their festival of new fruits, viii. 64 _sqq._; inoculation with powdered charcoal among the, viii. 159 _sq._; their custom of fumigating infants, viii. 166 _sq._; will not eat the sinew of the thigh, viii. 266 _n._ 1; their custom of adding stones to heaps, ix. 11; their prayers at cairns, ix. 30

Caffres of Natal, their rain-charm by means of a black sheep, i. 290; their festival of first-fruits, viii. 64 _sqq._

—— of Sofala, their dread of hollow things, i. 157 _sq._

—— of South Africa, ix. 11, 30; their way of stopping a high wind, i. 321 _sq._; their superstition as to shadows, iii. 87; purified after battle, iii. 172, 174 _sq._; their belief and custom as to falling stars, iv. 65; date their new year by observation of the Pleiades, vii. 116, 315 _sq._; woman’s share in agriculture among the, vii. 116; transfer sickness from men to goats, ix. 31; seclusion of girls at puberty among the, x. 30; use of bull-roarers among the, xi. 229 _n._, 232

—— of the Zambesi region believe that human souls transmigrate after death into animals, viii. 288 _sq._

Cages, girls at puberty confined in, x. 32 _sqq._, 44, 45

Caidu, a Tartar king, ii. 306

Caiem, the caliph, iv. 8

_Cailleach_ (Old Wife), name given to last corn cut, vii. 140 _sqq._, 164 _sqq._

—— _beal-tine_, the Beltane carline, x. 148

Caingua Indians of Paraguay, their fire customs, ii. 258 _sq._; their belief in the transmigration of human souls into animals, viii. 285 _sq._

Cairns, cut hair buried in, iii. 274 _sq._; to which every passer-by adds a stone, ix. 9 _sqq._; near shrines of saints, ix. 21; offerings at, ix. 26 _sqq._ _See also_ Heaps

Cairnshee, in Kincardineshire, Midsummer fires on, x. 206

Cairo, ceremony of cutting the dams at, vi. 38, 39 _sq._; the old south gate of, ix. 63; cure for toothache and headache at, ix. 63

Caithness, the cutter of the last sheaf called Winter in, vii. 142; need-fire in, x. 290 _sqq._

Cajaboneros Indians of Central America, their period of abstinence before sowing, ii. 105

_Cajanus Indicus_, pulse, cultivated by the Korwas, vii. 123

Cake called the Christmas Boar, vii. 302 _sq._; with coin in it at Carnival, omens drawn from, viii. 332; on Twelfth Night used to determine the King, ix. 313 _sqq._; put on horn of ox, ix. 318 _sq._; St. Michael’s, x. 149, 154 _n._ 3; salt, divination by, x. 238 _sq._; the Yule or Christmas, x. 257, 259, 261

Cakes rolled as a mode of divination on St. George’s Day, ii. 338; in obscene shapes, vii. 62; in human form, vii. 149; special, baked at threshing, vii. 150; of dough at the Thesmophoria, viii. 17 _sq._; as substitutes for animal victims, viii. 25; in the form of animals, viii. 95 _n._ 2; sacrificial, baked of new barley or rice, viii. 120; made at Christmas out of last sheaf in form of goats, rams, or boars,