ix. 161

Schoolcraft, H. R., on the secrecy of personal names among the North American Indians, iii. 325; on North American Indian indifference to death, iv. 137 _sq._; on human sacrifices among the Pawnees, vii. 239 _n._ 1; on renewal of fire among the Iroquois, x. 134 _n._ 1

Schörzingen, the Carnival Fool at, iv. 231

Schrader, O., on the Twelve Days, ix. 326 _n._

Schrenck, L. von, on the bear-festivals of the Gilyaks, viii. 191 _sqq._

Schürmann, C. W., on the Port Lincoln tribe of South Australia, xi. 216 _sq._

Schüttarschen, in Bohemia, custom at threshing at, vii. 150; the mythical Wood-woman at harvest at, vii. 232

Schuyler, E., on the “Love Chase” among the Kirghiz, ii. 301; on a human scapegoat in Turkestan, ix. 45

_Schvannes_, bonfires, on the first Sunday in Lent, x. 111 _n._ 1

Schwalm, the river, in Hesse, “the Little Whitsuntide Man” at Röllshausen on the, ii. 81

Schwaz, on the Inn, in the Tyrol, St. George’s Day at, ii. 343 _sq._; the “grass-ringers” at, ix. 247

Schwegler, A., on Servius Tullius, ii. 196 _n._; on the “sacred spring,” iv. 187 _n._ 4; on the death of Romulus, vi. 98 _n._ 2

Schweina, in Thuringia, Christmas bonfire at, x. 265 _sq._

Schweinfurth, G., on the reverence of the Dinka for their cattle, viii. 37 _sq._

Schwenda, witches burnt at, x. 6

Science, the way for, paved by magic, i. 219; generalizations of, inadequate to cover all particulars, viii. 37; movement of thought from magic through religion to, xi. 304 _sq._; and magic, different views of natural order postulated by the two, xi. 305 _sq._

Scipio, his fabulous birth, v. 81

Scira, an Athenian festival, x. 20 _n._ 1

Scirophorion, an Attic month, viii. 5 _n._ 1, 8 _n._ 1

Scirum, in Attica, Sacred Ploughing at, vii. 108 _n._ 4

Scissors in a charm to render a bridegroom impotent, iii. 301

“Scoring above the breath,” cutting a witch on the forehead, x. 315 _n._ 2; counter-spell to witchcraft, x. 343 _n._

Scorpion, Arab treatment of a man stung by a, iii. 95 _n._ 8

Scorpion’s bite, the pain of it transferred to an ass, ix. 49 _sq._

Scorpions, homoeopathic charm against, i. 153; Isis and the, vi. 8; a bronze image of a scorpion a charm against, viii. 280 _sq._; image of bird with scorpion in its mouth a charm against, viii. 281; souls of dead in, viii. 290

Scotch crannogs, oak timber in the, ii. 352

—— cure by knotted thread, iii. 304 _sq._

—— fishermen, their use of iron as a talisman, iii. 233; their superstitions as to herring, viii. 252

—— fowlers and fishermen, words tabooed by, iii. 393 _sqq._

—— witch, ix. 38 _sq._

Scotland, magical images in, i. 68-70, 236; witches raise winds in, i. 322; notion as to whirlwinds in the Highlands of, i. 329; magical virtues ascribed to chiefs in the Highlands of, i. 368; the Highlanders of, their precautions against witchcraft, ii. 53; St. Bride’s Day in the Highlands of, ii. 94; fertilizing virtue ascribed to wells in, ii. 161; new-born children passed through the smoke of fire in, ii. 232 _n._ 2; race on horseback at a marriage in, ii. 304; oaks in the peat-bogs of, ii. 350 _sq._; mirrors covered after a death in, iii. 95; fear of portraiture in, iii. 100; need-fire in, iii. 229, x. 289 _sqq._; iron as a talisman after a death in, iii. 236; sickness thought to be caused by knots in, iii. 302; common words tabooed in, iii. 392 _sqq._; words tabooed by fishermen and others in, iii. 394 _sq._; harvest customs concerning the last corn cut in, v. 237, vii. 140 _sqq._; the Highlanders of, sow in the moon’s increase, vi. 134; the last corn cut at harvest called the Maiden in, vii. 155 _sqq._; custom of “dumping” at harvest in, vii. 226 _sq._; corn left unreaped at harvest for “the aul’ man” in, vii. 233; sayings as to the wren in, viii. 318; custom of casting stones on cairns in the Highlands of, ix. 20; cure for warts in, ix. 48; witches burnt in, ix. 165; Abbot of Unreason in, ix. 331; sacred wells in, x. 12; Celts called “thunder-bolts” in, x. 14 _sq._; Snake Stones in, x. 15 _sq._, xi. 311; worship of Grannus in, x. 112; Beltane fires in, x. 146 _sqq._; Midsummer fires in, x. 206 _sq._; divination at Hallowe’en in, x. 229, 234 _sqq._; bonfires at Hallowe’en in the Highlands of, x. 230 _sqq._; animals burnt alive as a sacrifice in, x. 302; “scoring above the breath,” a counter-charm for witchcraft in, x. 315 _n._ 2; witches as hares in, x. 315 _n._ 1; St. John’s wort in, xi. 54; the divining-rod in, xi. 67. _See also_ Highlands _and_ Highlanders

Scotland, North-East, precautions against witches on May Day in, ii. 53

Scots pine, mistletoe on, xi. 315

Scott, Sir Walter, on witch at Stromness, i. 326; on the fear of witchcraft, x. 343; oaks planted by, xi. 166

Scottish Highlanders on the influence of the moon, vi. 132, 134, 140; their belief in bogies at Hallowe’en, x. 227; their belief as to Snake Stones, xi. 311

Scourging the man-god before death, a mode of purification, ix. 257; girls at puberty, x. 66 _sq._

Scourgings, mutual, of South American Indians, ix. 262

_Scouvion_, x. 108. _See_ Escouvion

Scratching the person with the fingers forbidden, i. 254, x. 38, 39, 41, 42, 44, 47, 50, 53, 92; as a magical rite to procure rain, i. 254 _sq._; rules as to, iii. 146, 156, 158, 159 _n._, 160, 181, 183, 189, 196; as a religious rite, viii. 75

Scrofula, kings thought to heal scrofula by their touch, i. 368 _sqq._; chiefs of Tonga thought to heal scrofula by their touch, i. 371; thought to be caused and cured by touching a sacred chief or king, iii. 133 _sq._, viii. 28; vervain a cure for, xi. 62 _n._ 1; creeping through an arch of vines as a cure for, xi. 180; passage through a holed stone a cure for, xi. 187

Sculpin, the fish, called the rain-maker, i. 288

Scurrilities exchanged between vine-dressers and passers-by, vii. 258 _n._ 1

Scurrilous language at the Eleusinian mysteries, vii. 38

Scylla, daughter of Nisus, the story of her treachery, xi. 103

Scythe used to behead cock on harvest-field, vii. 277, 278

Scythes whetted by reapers as if to mow down strangers in the harvest-field, vii. 229 _sq._; and bill-hooks set out to cut witches as they fall from the clouds, x. 345 _sq._

Scythian kings, their regalia, i. 365; human beings and horses sacrificed at their graves, v. 293; married the wives of their predecessors, ix. 368 _n._ 1

Scythians put their kings in bonds in times of dearth, i. 354; their oath by the king’s hearth, ii. 265; their belief in immortality, v. 294; their treatment of dead enemies, v. 294 _n._ 3; set store on heads of enemies, vii. 256 _n._ 1; revellers disguised as, ix. 355

Sdach Méac, title of annual temporary king of Cambodia, iv. 148

Sea, navel-string and afterbirth thrown into the, i. 184, 185, 190, 191; chief supposed to rule the, i. 337; virgins married to the jinnee of the, ii. 153 _sq._; phosphorescence of the, ii. 154 _sq._; prohibition to look upon the, iii. 9, 10; horror of the, iii. 10; offerings made to the, iii. 10; names of priests thrown into the, iii. 382 _sq._; special language employed by sailors at, iii. 413 _sqq._; scapegoats cast into the, ix. 254 _sq._; menstruous women not allowed to approach the, x. 79; demands a human victim on Midsummer Day, xi. 26

——, bathing in the, on St. John’s Day or Eve, v. 246, 248; at Easter, x. 123; at Midsummer, x. 208, 210, xi. 30

“—— of Erechtheus” on the Acropolis at Athens, iv. 87

Sea beasts, taboos observed by the Esquimaux in regard to the dead bodies of, iii. 205 _sqq._; Esquimau rules as to eating, viii. 84; their bladders restored to the sea by the Esquimaux, viii. 247 _sqq._

—— Dyaks of Banting, rules observed by women during the absence of warriors among the, i. 127 _sq._

—— Dyaks or Ibans of Borneo, beat gongs in a storm, i. 328; their worship of serpents, v. 83; their festivals of the dead, vi. 58 _sq._; effeminate priests or sorcerers among the, vi. 253, 256; their Head-feast in honour of the war-god, ix. 383 _sq._

—— Dyaks of Sarawak, their sacred trees, ii. 40 _sq._; their stories of the origin of omen birds, iv. 126, 127 _sq._; their reasons for taking human heads, v. 295 _sq._; their Festival of Departed Spirits, ix. 154

—— -eagle in homoeopathic magic, i. 152

—— -god, human sacrifice to, ix. 255

—— -mammals, Esquimau atonement for killing, iii. 207; taboos observed by the Esquimaux after the killing of, iii. 207 _sqq._; myth of their origin, iii. 207, viii. 246; the goddess Sedna the mother of the, iii. 210

—— -slugs, ceremonies at the annual appearance of, in Fiji and Tumleo, ix. 141 _sqq._

Seal, descendants of the, in Sutherlandshire, xi. 131 _sq._ _See also_ Seals

Sealing up eyes, nose, and mouth of the dying to prevent the escape of the soul, iii. 31

Seals, supposed influence of lying-in women on, iii. 152; taboos observed after the killing of, iii. 207 _sq._, 209, 213; supposed to have sprung from the severed fingers of the goddess Sedna, iii. 207, viii. 246; care taken of the bladders and bones of, viii. 247 _sqq._, 257; the bones of, returned to the sea, viii. 258 _n._ 2

Sealskins in sympathy with the tides, i. 167

Season of festival a clue to the nature of a deity, vi. 24

Seasons, Athenian sacrifices to the, i. 310; magical and religious theories of the, v. 3 _sq._

Seats placed for souls of dead at the Midsummer fires, x. 183, 184

Seb (Keb or Geb), Egyptian earth-god, father of Osiris, by the sky-goddess Nut, v. 283 _n._ 3, vi. 6

Seclusion of travellers after a journey, iii. 113; of those who have handled the dead, iii. 138 _sqq._; of women at menstruation, iii. 145 _sqq._, x. 76 _sqq._; of women at childbirth, iii. 147 _sqq._; of tabooed persons, iii. 165; of man-slayers, iii. 166 _sqq._; of cannibals, iii. 188 _sqq._; of men who have killed large game, iii. 220 _sq._; of girls at puberty, x. 22 _sqq._; of girls at puberty in folk-tales, x. 70 _sqq._; reasons for the seclusion of girls at puberty, x. 76 _sqq._; of novices at initiation, xi. 233, 241, 250, 253, 257 _n._ 1, 258, 259, 261, 264, 266

Second sight enjoyed by persons born with a caul, i. 187 _sq._

Secret graves of kings, chiefs, and magicians, vi. 103 _sqq._

—— language learnt at initiation, xi. 253, 255 _n._ 1, 259, 261 _n._

—— names among the Central Australian aborigines, iii. 321 _sq._

—— societies in the Bismarck Archipelago, jurisdiction exercised by, i. 340; among the Indians of British Columbia, vii. 20; in North-Western America, ix. 377 _sq._; on the Lower Congo, xi. 251 _sqq._; in West Africa, xi. 257 _sqq._; in the Indian tribes of North America, xi. 267 _sqq._; and totem clans, related to each other, xi. 272 _sq._ _See also_ Belli-Paaro, Duk-duk, Kakian, _Ndembo_, _Nkimba_, _Purra_, and _Semo_.

Secretiveness of the savage, xi. 224 _sq._

Sed festival in ancient Egypt, vi. 151 _sqq._; its date perhaps connected with the heliacal rising of Sirius, vi. 152 _sq._; apparently intended to renew the king’s life by identifying him with the dead and risen Osiris, vi. 153 _sq._

Sedanda, an African king, his suicide, iv. 38

Sedbury Park oak, in Gloucestershire, mistletoe on the, xi. 316

Sedna, an Esquimau goddess of the lower world, iii. 152, 207, 208, 209, 211, 213, viii. 84, 246; mother of the sea-mammals, iii. 210; her annual expulsion by the Esquimaux, ix. 125 _sq._

_Sedum telephium_, orpine, used in divination at Midsummer, xi. 61

Seed sown over weakly children to strengthen them, vii. 11; sown by women, vii. 113 _sqq._; sown by children, vii. 115 _sq._ _See also_ Sowing

Seed-corn, fumigated with wood of sacred cedar, ii. 49; fertilized at the Thesmophoria, vii. 63; grain of last sheaf mixed with the, vii. 135; holy grains mixed with the, to fertilize it, vii. 205; taken from the last sheaf, vii. 278; feathers of cock mixed with the, vii. 278, viii. 20; ashes mixed with the, vii. 300; bones of pigs mixed with the, vii. 300, viii. 20; the Yule Boar mixed with the, vii. 301, viii. 20; grain taken from the Corn-mother mixed with the, vii. 304; pig’s flesh sown with the, viii. 18, 20; cakes made out of the last sheaf mixed with the, viii. 328; charred remains of Midsummer log mixed with the, xi. 92

—— -rice, seed sown ceremonially mixed with the, iv. 149; precautions at reaping the, vii. 181; soul of the rice caught and mixed with the, vii. 189

—— -time, annual expulsion of demons at, ix. 138

Seeds and roots, wild, collected by women, vii. 124 _sqq._

Seeman, Berthold, on St. John’s blood, xi. 56

Seers, their ears licked by serpents, viii. 147 _n._ 1

Segera, a sago magician of Kiwai, dismembered after death, vi. 101, 102

Seirkieran, perpetual fire in the monastery of, ii. 241 _sq._

Seitendorf, in Moravia, custom of “carrying out Death” at, iv. 238 _sq._

Seker (Sokari), title of Osiris, vi. 87

Selangor, Malay State, rice-crop supposed to depend on the district officer in, i. 361; durian trees threatened near Jugra in, ii. 21; bringing home the Soul of the Rice at Chodoi in, vii. 198; demons of disease expelled in a ship from, ix. 187 _sq._

Selemnus, the River, its water a cure for love, ix. 3

Seler, Professor Eduard, on the ancient Mexican calendar, vi. 29 _n._; Aztec text of Sahagun partially translated by, vii. 175; on the Mexican festival of Toxcatl, ix. 149 _n._ 2, 277; on _nagual_, xi. 213 _n._

Seleucia, plague blocked up in hole at, ix. 64

Seleucus, a grammarian, v. 146 _n._ 1

Seleucus Nicator, king, his buildings at the temple of Zeus in Olba, v. 151

Seleucus the Theologian, v. 146 _n._ 1

Self-mutilation of Attis and his priests, v. 265

Seligmann, Dr. C. G., on the meaning of _helaga_ in the Motu tribe of New Guinea, ii. 106 _n._ 2; on the custom of putting Shilluk kings to death, iv. 17 _sqq._, vi. 163; on the danger of allowing Shilluk kings to grow old, iv. 21; on the right of candidates for the kingship to attack the Shilluk kings,