ix. 355

Prisoners shaved and their shorn hair kept as security for their good behaviour, iii. 273; released at festivals, iii. 316

Private magic, i. 214 _sq._

Privilege of the chapter of Rouen Cathedral to pardon a criminal once a year, ii. 165

Proa, demons of sickness expelled in a, ix. 185 _sqq._; diseases sent away in a, ix. 199 _sq._ _See also_ Ship

Proarcturia, a Greek festival, vii. 51

Procession to the Almo in the rites of Attis, v. 273; with lighted tar-barrels on Christmas Eve at Lerwick, x. 268

Processions with ships perhaps rain-charms, i. 251 _n._ 3; for rain in Sicily, i. 300; carved on rocks at Boghaz-Keui, v. 129 _sqq._; in honour of Adonis, v. 224 _sq._, 227 _n._, 236 _n._ 1; with bears from house to house, viii. 192; with sacred animals, viii. 316 _sqq._; of men disguised as animals, viii. 325 _sqq._; for the expulsion of demons, ix. 117, 233; of monks and maskers at the Tibetan New Year, ix. 203; of mummers in Salzburg and the Tyrol, ix. 240, 242 _sqq._; to drive away demons of infertility, ix. 245; bell-ringing, at the Carnival, ix. 247; of maskers, W. Mannhardt on, ix. 250; with lighted torches through fields, gardens, orchards, etc., x. 107 _sq._, 110 _sqq._, 113 _sqq._, 141, 179, 233 _sq._, 266, 339 _sq._; on Corpus Christi Day, x. 165; to the Midsummer bonfires, x. 184, 185, 187, 188, 191, 192, 193; across fiery furnaces, xi. 4 _sqq._; of giants (effigies) at popular festivals in Europe, xi. 33 _sqq._

—— and dances in honour of the dead, viii. 111

Proclus on Dionysus, vii. 13

Procopius, on the custom of putting the sick and old to death among the Heruli, iv. 14; on the god of lightning of the Slavs, ii. 365; on the annual disappearance of the sun for forty days in Thule, ix. 125 _n._ 1

Procreation, savage ignorance of the causes of, v. 106 _sq._

Procreative virtue attributed to fire, ii. 233

Procris, her incest with her father Erechtheus, v. 44

Proculus, Julius, bids the Romans worship Romulus as a god, ii. 182

_Proerosia_, “Before the Ploughing,” a Greek festival of Demeter, vii. 50 _sqq._, 60, 108

Profligacy at rites designed to promote the fertility of trees and plants,