iv. 189;

causes of, unknown, v. 92 _sq._, 106 _sq._; Australian beliefs as to the causes of, v. 99 _sqq._

Pregnant cows sacrificed to ensure fertility, i. 141; sacrificed to the Earth goddess, ii. 229

—— women, forbidden to spin or twist ropes, i. 114; not to loiter in the doorways of houses where there are, i. 114; employed to fertilize crops and fruit-trees, i. 140 _sq._, ii. 101; taboos on, i. 141 _n._ 1; their superstitions about shadows, iii. 82 _sq._; carry _nim_ leaves or iron to scare evil spirits, iii. 234; may not sew or use sharp instruments, iii. 238; loosen their hair, iii. 311; mode of protecting them against dangerous spirits, viii. 102 _sq._; fowls used to divert evil spirits from, ix. 31

Preller, L., on the marriage of Dionysus and Ariadne, ii. 138

Premature birth, Esquimau ideas as to, iii. 152; to be announced publicly, iii. 213. _See_ Miscarriage

Presages as to shadows on St. Sylvester’s day, iii. 88

Presteign in Radnorshire, the tug-of-war at, ix. 182 _sq._

Pretence made by reapers of mowing down visiters to the harvest-field, vii. 229 _sq._; of throwing people into fire, x. 110, 148, 186, xi. 25

—— of human sacrifices substituted for the reality, iv. 214 _sqq._; at Christmas, vii. 302

Pretenders to divinity among Christians, i. 407 _sqq._

Priapus, image of, at need-fire, x. 286

Pricking patient with needles to expel demons of disease, iii. 106

Priene, Panionian festival at, i. 46

Priest drenched with water as a rain-charm, i. 277, ii. 77; rolled on fields as fertility charm, ii. 103; chief acting as, ii. 215 _sqq._, viii. 126; brings back lost soul in a cloth, iii. 48, 64; recovers lost souls from the sun-god, iii. 64; conjures lost soul into a cup, iii. 67; catches the spirit of a god in a snare, iii. 69; inspired by spirit of dead king and giving oracles in his name, iv. 200 _sq._; sows and plucks the first rice, viii. 54; the corpse-praying, ix. 45. _See also_ Priests _and_ High priest

—— of Aricia and the Golden Bough, x. i.

—— of Diana at Nemi, i. 8 _sqq._; at Aricia, the King of the Wood, perhaps personified Jupiter, xi. 302 _sq._

—— of Dionysus at the Agrionia, iv. 163

—— of Earth, taboos observed by the, x. 4

—— and magician, their antagonism, i. 226

—— of Nemi, i. 8 _sqq._, 40, 41, ii. 376, 378, 386, 387, xi. 315. _See also_ King of the Wood

—— of Poseidon, x. 20 _n._ 1

—— of the Sun, x. 20 _n._ 1

—— of Zeus on Mount Lycaeus, ii. 359

Priestess of the holy fire among the Herero, ii. 215; identified with goddess, v. 219; head of the State under a system of mother-kin, vi. 203; of Athena, x. 20 _n._ 1

Priestesses, inspired, i. 379 _sq._, 381 _sq._; as physicians, bring back lost souls, iii. 53 _sq._; more important than priests, v. 45, 46; of Perasian Artemis walk over fire, v. 115, 168; beat corpse to exorcize a demon, ix. 260; not allowed to step on ground, x. 5

Priestesses, virgin, in the island of Sena, ii. 241 _n._ 1; of fire in Peru, ii. 243 _sq._; of fire in Mexico, ii. 245; of fire in Yucatan, ii. 245 _sq._

Priesthood of Aphrodite at Paphos, v. 43; vacated on death of priest’s wife, v. 45; of Hercules at Tarsus, v. 143

Priestly dynasties of Asia Minor, v. 140 _sq._

—— functions exercised by chiefs in New Britain, i. 340; gradually acquired by kings, i. 372

—— king and queen personating god and goddess, v. 45

—— kings, i. 44 _sqq._, v. 42, 43; of Sheba, iii. 125; of the Nubas, iii. 132; of Olba, v. 143 _sqq._, 161; Adonis personated by, v. 223 _sqq._

Priests, magical powers attributed to priests by French peasants, i. 231-233; inspired by gods in the Southern Pacific, i. 377 _sq._; ancient Egyptian, recover lost souls, iii. 68; influence wielded by, iii. 107; to be shaved with bronze, iii. 226; their hair unshorn, iii. 259, 260; foods tabooed to, iii. 291; personate gods, v. 45, 46 _sqq._, ix. 287; tattoo-marks of, v. 74 _n._ 4; not allowed to be widowers, vi. 227 _sqq._; dressed as women, vi. 253 _sqq._; first-fruits belong to, viii. 125; of sharks cover their bodies with the appearance of scales, viii. 292; sacrifice human victims, ix. 279, 280 _sq._, 284, 286, 287, 290, 292, 294, 298, 301; expected to pass through fire, xi. 2, 5, 8, 9, 14

—— of Astarte, kings as, v. 26

—— of Attis, the emasculated, v. 265, 266

——, Jewish, their rule as to the pollution of death, vi. 230

—— of Tetzcatlipoca, viii. 165

—— of Zeus at the Corycian cave, v. 145, 155

Primitive ritual, marks of, vii. 169

—— thought, its vagueness and inconsistency, xi. 301 _sq._

Primroses on threshold as a charm against witches, ii. 52

Prince Sunless, x. 21

Prince of Wales Islands, Torres Strait, the Kowraregas of, iii. 346, 358 _sq._; natives of, their belief as to falling stars, iv. 64 _sq._; their treatment of girls at puberty in, x. 40

Princess royal, ceremonies at the puberty of a, x. 29, 30 _sq._

Princesses married to foreigners or men of low birth, ii. 274 _sqq._; licence accorded to, in Loango, ii. 276 _sq._

Prisoner condemned to death, treated as king for five days, iv. 113 _sq._,