ii. 102;

named after their children, iii. 331 _sqq._, 339

Parents-in-law, their names not to be pronounced, iii. 338, 339, 340, 341, 342

Parian chronicler, on the antiquity of the Eleusinian mysteries and games, vii. 70

Parigi, in Central Celebes, treatment of the afterbirth in, i. 188

Parilia, the, Roman festival of shepherds, ii. 123, 229, 273, 325 _sqq._; the shepherd’s prayer at, ii. 123, 327; flocks fumigated at, ii. 229, 327; Numa born on the, ii. 273, 325; shepherds leap over bonfires at, ii. 273, 327; sheep driven over fires at, ii. 327; offerings of milk and millet to Pales at, ii. 327; compared to the festival of St. George, ii. 330 _sqq._, v. 308

_Parinarium_, a sacred tree in Busoga, iv. 215

Paris protected against dormice and serpents, viii. 281; effigy of giant burnt in summer fire at, x. 38; cats burnt alive at Midsummer in, x. 39

Parivarams of Madura, their seclusion of girls at puberty, x. 69

Parjanya, the ancient Hindoo god of thunder and rain, i. 270, ii. 368 _sq._; derivation of the name, ii. 367 _n._ 3

Parjas, a tribe of the Central Provinces, India, their ceremonial purification for killing a sacred animal, viii. 27 _sq._; their offerings of first-fruits to their ancestors, viii. 119

Parker, Professor E. H., on substitutes for capital punishment in China, iv. 146 _n._ 1

Parkinson, John, on custom of killing chief after rule of three years among the Yorubas, iv. 112 _sq._

Parkinson, R., on contagious magic in New Britain, i. 175; on the fear of demons in New Britain, ix. 83

Parkyns, Mansfield, on the Abyssinian festival of Mascal, ix. 133 _sq._

Parnes, Mount, in Attica, lightning over, i. 33, ii. 361; altar of sign-giving Zeus on, ii. 360

Parr, Thomas, his great age, v. 55 _sq._

Parricide, Roman punishment of, ii. 110 _n._ 2; of Oedipus, ii. 115

Parrot, external soul of warlock in a, xi. 97 _sq._

—— and Punchkin, story of the, xi. 97 _sq._

Parrot Island, in Guinea, human sacrifices to river at, ii. 158

Parrot’s feathers worn as a protection against a ghost, iii. 186 _n._ 1; eggs, a signal of death, iv. 40 _sq._

Parrots, assimilation of men to, viii. 208

Parsee priests wear a veil over their mouth, ii. 241

Parsees ascribe sanctity to fire kindled by lightning, ii. 256; their customs as to menstruous women, x. 85

Parsons, Harold G., on custom of king eating the heart of his predecessor, iv. 203 _n._ 5

Parthe, the River, at Leipsic, effigy of Death thrown into the, iv. 236

_Partheniai_, offspring of unmarried women at Sparta, i. 36 _n._ 2

Parthenon, sculptures in the frieze of the, iv. 89 _n._ 5; sculptures in the eastern gable of the, iv. 89 _n._ 5

_Parthenos_ as applied to Artemis, i. 36

Parthia, prince of, his structure at Nemi, i. 6

Parthian monarchs brothers of the Sun, i. 417 _sq._; worshipped as deities, i. 418

Parti, name of an Elamite deity, ix. 367

Partition of spiritual and temporal power between religious and civil kings, iii. 17 _sqq._

Partridge, C., as to the election of a king of Idah, ii. 294 _n._ 2; as to sacred chief on the Cross River, iii. 124; as to human souls in fish, xi. 204

Partridge, transmigration of sinner into a, viii. 299

Parvati or Isa, an Indian goddess, wife of Mahadeva, v. 241; gardens of Adonis in her worship, v. 242

—— and Siva, marriage of the images of, iv. 265 _sq._

Paschal candle, x. 121, 122 _n._, 125

—— Mountains, in Münsterland, Easter fires on the, x. 141

Pasicyprus, king of Citium, v. 50 _n._ 2

Pasiphae identified with the moon, iv. 72

—— and the bull, iv. 71

—— and the Minotaur, vii. 31

Pasir, a district of eastern Borneo, treatment of the afterbirth in, i. 194

“Pass through the fire,” meaning of the phrase as applied to the sacrifice of children, iv. 165 _n._ 3, 172

Passage of flocks and herds over or between fires, ii. 327, x. 157, 285 (_see further_ Cattle); over or through fire a stringent form of purification, xi. 24; through cleft trees as a cure, xi. 168 _sqq._; through cleft trees to get rid of spirits or ghosts, xi. 173 _sqq._; through a cleft stick after a funeral, xi. 175 _sq._; through narrow openings after a death, xi. 177 _sqq._; through an archway to escape from demons, xi. 179; through an archway as a cure or preventive of maladies, xi. 180 _sq._; through a cleft stick to get rid of sickness or ghosts, xi. 182 _sq._; through a cleft stick in connexion with puberty and circumcision, xi. 183 _sq._; through hoops or rings as a cure or preventive of disease, xi. 184 _sqq._; through holed stones as a cure, xi. 186 _sqq._; through narrow openings as a cure or preventive, xi. 190; through holes in the ground as a cure, xi. 190 _sqq._; through a yoke as a cure, xi. 192; under a yoke or arch as a rite of initiation, xi. 193; passage of Roman enemies under a yoke, xi. 193 _sqq._; passage of victorious Roman army under a triumphal arch, xi. 195. _See also_ Passing

Passes, Indian tribe of Brazil, drink the ashes of their dead as a mode of communion, viii. 157; seclusion of girls at puberty among the, x. 59

Passes of mountains, cairns and heaps of sticks or leaves on, ix. 9 _sqq._, 29

Passier, in Sumatra, kings of, put to death, iv. 51 _sq._

Passing between the pieces of a sacrificial victim, i. 289, 289 _n._ 4; between two fires as a purification, iii. 114; over fire to get rid of ghosts, xi. 17 _sq._; through cleft trees and other narrow openings to get rid of ghosts, etc., xi. 173 _sqq._; under a yoke as a purification, xi. 193 _sqq._ _See also_ Passage

—— children through cleft trees, xi. 168 _sqq._; children, sheep, and cattle through holes in the ground, xi. 190 _sq._

Passover, tradition of the origin of the, iv. 174 _sqq._; accusations of murders at the, ix. 395 _sq._; the crucifixion of Christ at the, ix. 414 _sqq._; sacrifice of the first-born at, ix. 419

Paste kneaded with the blood of children in Peru, ix. 129

Pastern-bone of a hare in a popular remedy, x. 17

Pastoral peoples, their reverence for their cattle, viii. 35, 37 _sqq._

—— stage of society, the, viii. 35, 37

—— tribes, animal sacraments among, viii. 313

Pastures fumigated at Midsummer to drive away witches and demons, x. 170

Patagonia, acacia-tree worshipped in, ii. 16; funeral customs of Indians of, v. 294

Patagonian Indians, their charm to make a child a horseman, i. 152

Patagonians burn their loose hair for fear of witchcraft, iii. 281; effeminate priests or sorcerers among the, vi. 254; their remedy for smallpox, ix. 122

Patani Bay, in Siam, the Malays of, their belief as to absence of soul in sleep, iii. 41; speak respectfully of tigers, iii. 404; Malay fishermen of, will not mention certain words at sea, iii. 408; Malay family of, will not kill crocodiles, viii. 212

—— States, treatment of the afterbirth in the, i. 194, xi. 164

Patara, in Lycia, Apollo at, ii. 135

Pataris of Mirzapur call bears by a special title in the morning, iii. 403; their use of scapegoats, ix. 192

Patches of unreaped corn left at harvest, vii. 233

Paternity, uncertainty of, a ground for a theological distinction, ii. 135; of kings a matter of indifference under female kinship, ii. 274 _sqq._, 282; primitive ignorance of, v. 106 _sq._; unknown in certain state of savagery, v. 282

—— and maternity of the Roman deities, vi. 233 _sqq._

Pathian, a beneficent spirit, among the Lushais, ix. 94

Paths used by men forbidden to menstruous women, iii. 145; separate, for men and women, x. 78, 80, 89

Patiala, in the Punjaub, professed incarnation of Jesus Christ at, i. 409 _sq._

Patiko, in the Uganda Protectorate, dread of lightning at, xi. 298 _n._ 2

Patiné, a Cingalese goddess, ix. 181

Patmos, the month of Cronion in, ix. 351 _n._ 2

Paton, L. B., on the origin of Purim, ix. 360 _n._ 1

Paton, W. R., on the names of Eleusinian priests, iii. 382 _n._ 4, 383 _n._ 1; on modern Greek Feast of All Souls in May, vi. 78 _n._ 1; on human scapegoats in ancient Greece, ix. 257 _sq._, 259, 272; on Adam and Eve, ix. 259 _n._ 3; on the crucifixion, ix. 413 _n._ 2; on the Golden Bough, xi. 319

Patrae, Laphrian Artemis at, v. 126 _n._ 2; Flowery Dionysus at, vii. 4; sanctuary of Demeter at, vii. 89

Patriarch of Jerusalem kindles the new fire at Easter, x. 129

Patriarchal family at Rome, ii. 283

Patrician myrtle-tree at Rome, xi. 168

Patronymics not in use among the Tuaregs, iii. 353

Patschkau, precautions against witches near, xi. 20 _n._

Pâturages, processions with torches on the first Sunday in Lent at, x. 108

Pau Pi, an effigy of the Carnival, at Lerida in Catalonia, iv. 225

Paulicians of Armenia worship each other as embodiments of Christ, i. 407

Paunch of bullock tabooed as food, i. 119

Pauntley, parish of, in Gloucestershire, Eve of Twelfth Day in, ix. 318

Pausanias, Greek antiquary, on the priest of Nemi, i. 11; on Hippolytus at Troezen, i. 26 _sq._; on the offerings of the Hyperboreans, i. 33 _n._ 4; his identification of Pasiphae and the moon, iv. 72; on the necklace of Harmonia, v. 32 _n._ 2; on bones of superhuman size, v. 157 _n._ 2; on offerings to Etna, v. 221 _n._ 4; on the Hanged Artemis, v. 291 _n._ 2; on the _bouphonia_, viii. 5 _n._ 1

Pausanias, king of Sparta, funeral games in his honour, iv. 94

Pawnee story of the external soul, xi. 151

Pawnees, their notion as to whirlwinds, i. 331 _n._ 2; ritual flight of sacrificers among the, ii. 309 _n._ 2; their use of stone arrow-heads in sacrifices, iii. 228; human sacrifices offered by the, at sowing their fields, vii. 238 _sq._, ix. 296, xi. 286 _n._ 2

Paxos, Greek island, death of the Great Pan announced at, iv. 6

Payaguas of South America, fight the wind, i. 330; of Brazil, precaution as to chief’s spittle among the, iii. 290; of Paraguay, their voluntary deaths, iv. 12 _sq._

Payne, Bishop, on the Bodia of Sierra Leone, iii. 15 _n._ 1

Payne, E. J., on the worship of the frog in America, i. 292 _n._ 3; on the Incas of Peru, i. 415 _n._ 2; on the religious aspect of early calendars, iv. 69 _n._ 2; on the origin of moon-worship, vi. 138 _n._ 2; on Cinteotl, the Mexican goddess of maize, ix. 286 _n._ 1

Payne, J. H., on the purification festival of the Cherokees, ix. 128

Pazzi family at Florence, fire-flints brought by one of them from the Holy Land, x. 126

Pea-mother, thought to be among the peas, vii. 132; name given to wreath made out of the last pea-stalks, vii. 135

Pea wolf, supposed to be caught in the last peas of the crop, vii. 271

Peace, ceremony at making, among the Ba-Yaka, iii. 274

Peace-making ceremony among the Masai, ix. 139 _n._

Peach, Chinese emblem of longevity, i. 169 _n._ 1

Peach-tree, goitre transferred to a, ix. 54

—— wood, bows of, used to shoot at demons, ix. 146, 213; staves of, used at the expulsion of demons, ix. 213

Peacock, Miss Mabel, on a Lincolnshire saying, ii. 231

Peacock, the bird of Hera, ii. 142 _n._ 2; Earth Goddess represented in the form of a, vii. 248 _n._ 1; a totem of the Bhils, viii. 29; transmigration of sinner into, viii. 299

Peacock’s feather in a charm, viii. 167

_Peaiman_, sorcerer, among the Indians of Guiana, ix. 78

Peale, Titian R., as to the natives of Bowdich Island, ii. 254 _n._ 1

Pear-tree as protector of cattle, ii. 55; as life-index of girl, xi. 165

—— -trees, torches thrown at, on first Sunday in Lent, x. 108; rarely attacked by mistletoe, xi. 315

Pearls not to be worn by wives in the absence of their husbands, i. 122 _sq._; in homoeopathic magic, i. 174

Peas, boiled, distributed by young married couples on first Sunday in Lent, x. 111 _n._ 1

Peas-cow, name given to thresher of last peas, vii. 290

—— -pudding, taboo as to entering a sanctuary after eating, viii. 85

—— -pug, name given to cutter or binder of last peas, vii. 272

Pease-bear, name given to the man who gave the last stroke at threshing,