vii. 221

Neuhof, near Marburg, remedy for gout at, ix. 56

Neumann, J. B., on the belief in demons among the Battas, ix. 87; on the Batta doctrine of souls, xi. 223 _n._ 2

Neumark, “Easter Smacks” in, ix. 269

Neusass, in West Prussia, the last sheaf called the Old Woman at, vii. 137

Neustadt, in Silesia, Midsummer fires at, x. 170; near Marburg, the need-fire at, x. 270

Neuwied, Prince of, on a Minnetaree ceremony, vii. 209 _n._ 2

New, Charles, on the exorcism of strangers in East Africa, iii. 103

New birth, simulation of, among the Akikuyu, i. 75 _sq._, 96 _sq._; of Brahman sacrificer, i. 380 _sq._; through blood in the rites of Attis, v. 274 _sq._; savage theory of, v. 299; of Egyptian kings at the Sed festival, vi. 153, 155 _sq._; of novices at initiation, xi. 247, 251, 256, 257, 261, 262 _sq._ _See also_ Birth

—— body obtained at initiation, xi. 252

—— -born children brought to the hearth, ii. 232

—— Britain, Gazelle Peninsula in, i. 175, iii. 202, iv. 65, vii. 123, ix. 303; contagious magic by means of personal relics in, i. 175; contagious magic of footprints in, i. 208; rain-making in, i. 248 _sq._; the Sulka of, i. 252, 304, ii. 148, 155 _n._ 1, iii. 151, 331, 384, iv. 65; charm to make the wind blow in, i. 320; magical powers ascribed to chiefs in, i. 340; new-born children passed through the smoke of fire in, ii. 232 _n._ 3; artificial deformation of heads in, ii. 298 _n._ 2; avoidance of wife’s mother in, iii. 85; magic practised on refuse of food in, iii. 128; names of relations by marriage tabooed in, iii. 344; theory of earthquakes in, v. 201; the Melanesians of, their belief in demons, ix. 82 _sq._; expulsion of devils in, ix. 109 _sq._; the Duk-duk society of, x. 11, xi. 246 _sq._

New Calabar River, human victims thrown into the, ii. 158

—— Caledonia, magical effigies in, i. 78; the Belep of, i. 150; homoeopathic magic of stones in, i. 162 _sqq._; magic blent with the worship of the dead in, i. 164; rain-making by means of a human skeleton in, i. 284 _sq._, 314, ii. 47; ceremonies for making sunshine and drought in, i. 312 _sq._, 314; ideas as to reflections among the natives of, iii. 92 _sq._; taboos observed by men who bury corpses in, iii. 141; continence at the building of a canoe in, iii. 202; names of relations tabooed in, iii. 344; belief as to woman stepping over a cable in, iii. 424; ceremony at eating first yams in, viii. 53; bodies of slain foes eaten to acquire their bravery in, viii. 151; burying the evil spirit in, ix. 110; taro plants beaten to make them grow in, ix. 264

—— Caledonians, the, their ways of making rain and sunshine, i. 314; their way of detaining the soul in the body, iii. 31

—— College, Oxford, Boy Bishop at, ix. 338

—— corn, eaten sacramentally, viii. 48 _sqq._

——, everything, excites awe of savages, iii. 230 _sqq._

—— fire, made by friction in rain-charm, i. 290; made by the friction of sticks at Rome, ii. 207, 227; made by the friction of sticks at rebuilding a village, ii. 217, 222; made by friction at taking possession of a new house, ii. 237 _sq._; made by the friction of wood after a birth, ii. 239; made at Midsummer, ii. 243; made at beginning of a king’s reign, ii. 262, 267; made by friction of wood, iii. 286, vii. 310 _sq._, x. 264; made at festivals of new fruits, viii. 65, 74, 75, 78; festival of, among the Natchez, viii. 135; kindled on Easter Saturday, x. 121 _sqq._; made at the New Year, x. 134 _sq._, 138, 140. _See also_ Fire, new

—— fruits, ceremonies at eating, viii. 52 _sqq._

—— Granada, the Muyscas of, i. 303; their belief as to water-serpents, ii. 156; the Nauras Indians of, viii. 150

—— Guinea, the Toaripi or Motumotu of i. 125, 317, 327, iii. 92; the Motu of, i. 317, ii. 106, iii. 141, 192, 203; taboos on pregnant women in, i. 141 _n._ 1; charms to detain the sun in, i. 317; some of the natives of, reported to be ignorant of the art of making fire, ii. 253 _sq._; Geelvink Bay in, iii. 60; use of effigies as substitutes for souls in, iii. 63 _n._ 2; the Maclay Coast of, iii. 109; seclusion and purification of man-slayers in, iii. 167 _sqq._; the Gebars of, iii. 190; Mowat in, iii. 192; the Wanigela River of, iii. 192; dread of sorcery in, iii. 246; cut hair destroyed for fear of witchcraft in, iii. 282 _n._; names of relations tabooed in, iii. 342 _sq._; bull-roarers used to ensure good crops in, vii. 110; division of agricultural work between the sexes in, vii. 124; mourners rub themselves with the juices of the dead in, viii. 163; belief in the transmigration of human souls into animals in, viii. 295 _sq._

New Guinea, British, charms used by hunters in, i. 109; the Mekeo district of, i. 134, iii. 144, 148; charm against snake-bite in, i. 152 _sq._; contagious magic of bodily impressions in, i. 213; influence of magicians in, i. 337 _sq._; belief as to demons of trees in, ii. 42; the Sinaugolo tribe of, iii. 147; the Roro district of, iii. 148; the Motumotu tribe of, iii. 167, 196, 329, viii. 145; the Koita of, iii. 168; the Roro-speaking tribes, iii. 168, 193; the Massim of, iii. 169; the Motu of, iii. 329; changes in the languages of, caused by fear of naming the dead, iii. 361 _sq._; belief in ghosts in, ix. 84 _sq._; Mowat in, ix. 265; festival of wild mango in, x. 7; custom observed after childbirth in, x. 20; seclusion of girls at puberty in, x. 35; dread and seclusion of women at menstruation in, x. 79; the Toaripi of, x. 84; use of bull-roarers in, xi. 228 _n._ 2

—— Guinea, Dutch, Windessi in, iii. 169; Doreh in, iii. 170, ix. 178; the Nufoors of, iii. 329, 332, 415; the Papuans of Doreh Bay in, iv. 287 (288, in Second Impression); Kaimani Bay in, vii. 123; the Papuans of Ayambori in, vii. 123; the Papuans of, their belief in demons, ix. 83

—— Guinea, German, the Yabim of, i. 182, iii. 151, 170, 186 _n._ 1, 306, 342, 354, 386, vii. 228, viii. 275, 295 _sq._, ix. 188, 232; contagious magic of personal remains in, i. 213; charm to hasten the moon in, i. 319; magic practised on refuse of food in, iii. 128; the Monumbos of, iii. 169, xi. 382; precaution as to spittle in, iii. 289; the Kai of, v. 96, vii. 99 _sqq._, 313, viii. 33, 152, ix. 264, xi. 182; the Tami of, v. 198; the Bukaua of, vii. 103 _sq._, 313, viii. 124, ix. 83 _sq._; rites of initiation in, xi. 193, 239 _sqq._

New Guinea, North-West, spirits of ancestors thought to live on trees in, ii. 32

—— Guinea, South-Eastern, annual expulsion of demons in, ix. 134

—— Hebrideans, their story of the origin of death, ix. 304

—— Hebrides, Tana (Tanna) in the, i. 206, viii. 125; rain-making in the, i. 308; supernatural powers of chiefs in the, i. 339; artificial deformation of heads in the, ii. 298 _n._ 2; ghosts impound souls in the, iii. 56; Lepers’ Island in the, iii. 65; magic of refuse of food in the, iii. 127; Vaté in the, iv. 12; burial alive in the, iv. 12; the natives of the, their observation of the Pleiades, vii. 313; conception of the external soul in the, xi. 197 _sqq._

—— Ireland, names of relations by marriage tabooed in, iii. 344; seclusion of girls at puberty in, x. 32 _sqq._; Duk-duk society in, xi. 247

—— Mexico, the aridity of, i. 306; the Navajoes of, iii. 325; the Pueblo Indians of, vi. 54; the Zuni Indians of, viii. 175, x. 132; the Indians of, their attempts to escape the pursuit of smallpox, ix. 123; and Arizona, use of bull-roarers in, xi. 230 _n._, 231

—— moon, ceremonies at the, vi. 141 _sqq._ _See also_ Moon

—— names given to the sick and old, iii. 319; at initiation, iii. 320, 383, xi. 259

—— potatoes, how eaten, viii. 51

—— rice, ceremonies at eating the, viii. 54 _sqq._

—— South Wales, custom observed at nose-boring in, i. 94; the Kamilaroi of, i. 101, viii. 151, 162; natives of, bury their dead at flood tide, i. 168; the Murring tribe of, i. 176; tribes of, their custom as to extracted teeth, i. 176; way of stopping rain in, i. 253; the Keramin tribe of, i. 304; the Ta-ta-thi of, i. 304; natives of, their charm for raising a wind, i. 321 _n._ 1; the Hunter River tribes of, iii. 84; the Yuin tribes of, iii. 84, 320; rule as to covering the mouth observed by newly initiated men in, iii. 122; the Ngarigo tribe of, iii. 141, iv. 60; aboriginal tribes of, mourning custom among the, iii. 182; namesakes of the dead change their names in, iii. 355; sacrifice of first-born children among the aborigines of, iv. 179 _sq._; the aborigines of, their ideas as to the Pleiades, vii. 308; the Wollaroi of, viii. 163; fish invited to come and be caught among the aborigines of, viii. 312 _n._; dread of women at menstruation in, x. 78; the Wongh tribe of, xi. 227; the drama of resurrection at initiation in, xi. 235 _sqq._

New vessels used for new fruits, viii. 81, 83

—— water at Easter, x. 123

—— World, bathing on St. John’s Day in the, v. 249; All Souls’ Day in the, vi. 80; Easter ceremonies in the, x. 127 _sq._; magical virtue of plants at Midsummer in the, xi. 50 _sq._

—— yams, ceremonies at eating, viii. 53, 58 _sqq._, ix. 134 _sqq._; festival of the, in West Africa, viii. 115 _sq._; festival of the, in Tonga, viii. 128 _sqq._

—— Year, dated by the Pleiades, vii. 116, 310, 312, 315; the Chinese, viii. 10; expulsion of evils at the, ix. 127, 133, 149 _sq._, 155; in Siam, ix. 149 _sq._; not reckoned from first month, ix. 149 _n._ 2; in Japan, ix. 154 _n._; sham fight at the, ix. 184; the Tibetan, ix. 197, 203, 218; ceremony at the Tibetan, ix. 197 _sq._; new fire made at the, x. 134 _sq._, 138, 140; the Celtic, on November first, x. 224 _sq._; the Fijian, Tahitian, and Hawaiian, xi. 244

—— Year festival in Laos, i. 251; at Babylon, iv. 100, 115, ix. 356 _sqq._; of the Kayans at the end of harvest, vii. 93, 96 _sq._, 98, 99; among the Iroquois, ix. 127, 209 _sq._; among the Tenggerese of Java, ix. 184; among the Mohammedans in North Africa, x. 217 _sq._

—— Year’s Day, festival of the dead on, vi. 53, 55, 62, 65; part of Christmas Boar given to cattle on, vii. 302; festival of new yams among the Igbiras on, viii. 115; at Onitsha, on the Niger, ix. 133; among the Wotyaks, ix. 155; in Corea, annual riddance of evil on, ix. 202; in Tibet, ceremony on, ix. 203; in Breadalbane, ix. 209; among the Swahili, ix. 226 _n._ 1; young women beat young men on, ix. 271; of the Jewish calendar, ix. 359

—— Year’s Eve, divination by shadows on, iii. 88; Highland custom of beating a man in a cow’s hide on, viii. 322; in Corea, ix. 147; “Shooting the Witches” on, ix. 164; in Macedonia, ix. 320. _See also_ St. Sylvester’s Day

—— Year’s Night, omens on, iv. 66 _sq._

—— Zealand, customs as to the navel-string in, i. 182; fires in the forests of, ii. 256; sanctity of chiefs in, iii. 134 _sqq._; customs as to eating observed by chiefs in, iii. 138; sacredness of chiefs’ blood in, iii. 248; sacredness of chiefs’ heads in, iii. 256 _sq._; customs at hair-cutting in, iii. 264 _sq._; disposal of cut hair in, iii. 274; magic use of spittle in, iii. 288; names of chiefs not to be pronounced in, iii. 381; Rotomahana in, v. 207, 209 _n._; effect of contact with a sacred chief in, viii. 28; eyes of slain chiefs swallowed by warriors in, viii. 153; sticks or stones piled on scenes of violent death in, ix. 15; human scapegoats in, ix. 39. _See also_ Maori

Newars of Nepaul, their worship of frogs, i. 294 _sq._

Newberry, Professor P. E., on Osiris as a cedar-tree god, vi. 109 _n._ 1

Newman, Ch. L., on the human god of the Makalakas, i. 394 _n._ 3

Newman, J. H., on music, v. 53 _sq._

Newstead, Byron’s oak at, xi. 166

_Ngai_, Masai god, festivals of prayer in honour of, i. 344; god of the Akikuyu, sheep and goats sacrificed to, ii. 44, iii. 204 _n._ 3; children of, ii. 150, v. 68

_Nganga_, medicine-man, among the Boloki, ix. 76; “the Knowing Ones,” initiates, on the Congo, xi. 251

Ngarigo tribe of New South Wales, novices not allowed to touch food with their hands in the, iii. 141 _sq._; their belief as to falling stars, iv. 60; ate the hands and feet of their foes, viii. 151

_Ngarong_, secret helper, of the Ibans of Borneo, xi. 224 _n._ 1

Ngoc hoang, in Annam, his message of immortality to men, ix. 303

Ngoio, a province of Congo, rule of succession to the chiefship in, iv. 118 _sq._

Ngoni, the, of British Central Africa, their fear of being photographed,