xi. 200

Navajoes of New Mexico, their ceremony at the return of a man from captivity, iii. 112 _sq._; keep their names secret, iii. 325; tell their stories only in winter, iii. 385; their story of the external soul, xi. 151 _sq._; use of bull-roarers among the, xi. 230 _n._, 231

Navarre, rain-making, by means of images of St. Peter in, i. 307

Navel-string, contagious magic of, i. 182-201; planted with or under a tree, i. 182, 184, 186, 196; worn as an amulet, i. 183, 187, 197, 198; thrown into the sea, i. 184, 185, 190, 191; hung on a tree, i. 185, 186, 190, 198, ii. 56; regarded as brother or sister of child, i. 186, 189, xi. 162 _n._ 2; called the “twin,” i. 195; worn as amulet by camels, i. 195; used in divination, i. 196; of the living king of Uganda preserved and inspected every new moon, i. 196, vi. 147 _sq._; seat of external soul, i. 200 _sq._; used to recall the soul, iii. 48; term applied to last handful of corn, vii. 150; buried under a plant or tree, xi. 160 _sq._, 161, 163

Navel-strings of dead kings of Uganda preserved, vi. 167, 168, 171; preserved by the Baganda as their twins and as containing the ghosts of their afterbirths, vi. 169 _sq._

Navona, Piazza, at Rome, ceremony of Befana on the, ix. 166 _sq._

Nawng Tung Lake, in Burma, virgins dedicated in marriage to the spirit of the lake, ii. 150 _sq._

Naxos, Dionysus Meilichios in, vii. 4

Nayan, a rebel against Kublai Khan, iii. 242

Nazarite, vow of the, iii. 262

Ndem Efik, tutelary deity of Calabar, iii. 22

_Ndembo_, secret society on the Lower Congo, xi. 251 _sqq._

Ndjambi, Njambi, Njame, Zambi, Nyambe, etc., name of the supreme god among various tribes of Africa, vi. 186, with note 5

—— Karunga, the supreme god of the Herero, vi. 186

_Ndok_, biennial expulsion of spirits at Calabar, ix. 204

Ndolo, on the Moeko River, West Africa, chief with external soul in hippopotamus at, xi. 200

Nebseni, the papyrus of, vi. 112

Nebuchadnezzar, his record of the festival of Marduk, ix. 357

Neck, crying the, at harvest in Devonshire, vii. 264 _sqq._

—— of the corn-spirit, vii. 268

Neckar, the river, requires three human victims at Midsummer, xi. 26; loaf thrown into the river, xi. 28

Necklace, girl’s soul in a, xi. 99 _sq._

Necropolis, ancient, in the Roman forum, ii. 186; near Albano, ii. 201 _sq._

Neda, River, at Phigalia, cave of Demeter in the ravine of the, viii. 21

Need-fire, x. 269-300; made without metal, iii. 229; John Ramsay’s account of, x. 147 _sq._; kindled as a remedy for cattle-plague, x. 270 _sqq._, 343; cattle driven through the, x. 270 _sqq._; derivation of the name, x. 270 _n._; kindled by the friction of a wheel, x. 270, 273, 289 _sq._, 292; kindled with oak-wood, x. 271, 272, 275, 276, 278, 281, 289 _sq._, 294; called “wild-fire,” x. 272, 273, 277; kindled by nine kinds of wood, x. 278, 280; kindled by fir-wood, x. 278, 282; kindled as a remedy for witchcraft, x. 280, 292 _sq._, 293, 295; called “living fire,” x. 281, 286; healing virtue ascribed to, x. 281, 286; kindled by lime-wood, x. 281, 283, 286; kindled by poplar-wood, x. 282; regarded as a barrier interposed between cattle and an evil spirit, x. 282, 285 _sq._; kindled by cornel-tree wood, x. 286; revealed by an angel from heaven, x. 287; used to heat water, x. 289; kindled on an island, x. 290 _sq._, 291 _sq._; kindled by birch-wood, x. 291; kindled between two running streams, x. 292; kindled to prevent fever, x. 297; probable antiquity of the, x. 297 _sq._; kindled by elm-wood, x. 299; the parent of the periodic fire-festivals, x. 299, 343; Lindenbrog on, x. 335 _n._ 1; used by Slavonic peoples to combat vampyres, x. 344; sometimes kindled by the friction of fir, plane, birch, lime, poplar, cornel-wood, xi. 91 _n._ 1

Neftenbach, in Canton of Zurich, the Corn-mother at harvest at, vii. 232

Negative magic or taboo, i. 111 _sqq._, 143

Negritos of the Philippine Islands, their religion a fear of the dead, ix. 82

Negro children pale at birth, xi. 251 _n._ 1, 259 _n._ 2; gods black and snub-nosed, iii. 387

Negroes of Guiana, their homoeopathic cure for stammering, i. 156

—— of Surinam. _See_ Bush negroes

Nehrung, in East Prussia, custom at sowing among the Kurs of, i. 137

Neil, R. A., on Hyes Attes, viii. 22 _n._ 4; on Gaelic name for mistletoe, xi. 82 _n._

Neilgherry Hills, the Todas of the, i. 402, ix. 37, x. 136; the Burghers or Badagas of the, viii. 55, ix. 36, 37, xi. 8 _sq._

Neisse, in Silesia, Oats-king and Oats-queen about, vii. 164; precautions against witches in the district of, xi. 20 _n._

Neit, Neith or Net, Egyptian goddess, patroness of matrimony, ii. 131, v. 282 _n._, vi. 51 _n._ 1

Nekht, the papyrus of, vi. 112

Nel Gwynne, ii. 52

Nellingen in Lorraine, simples gathered on Midsummer Day at, xi. 47

Nelson, A. E., on custom as to cutting the last corn at harvest in India, vii. 234 _n._ 2

Nelson, E. W., on the supposed effect of a breach of taboo among the Esquimaux, iii. 206; on the bladder festival of the Esquimaux, iii. 228, viii. 249 _n._ 1; on taboos observed by Esquimaux after a death, iii. 237; on the masquerades of the Esquimaux, ix. 379 _sqq._

Nemean games, celebrated in honour of Opheltes, iv. 93; held every two years, vii. 86

Nemi, sanctuary of Diana at, i. 2 _sqq._; the priest of Diana at, i. 8 _sqq._, 40, 41, ii. 376, 386, 387, iv. 28, 212 _sq._, 220, xi. 315; the King of the Wood at, i. 11, 40 _sqq._, ii. 378 _sqq._, iv. 205 _sq._, 212 _sqq._, x. 2; Virbius at, i. 20, 40, 41, ii. 378, 379; derivation of the name, ii. 9; sacred marriage of Diana and Virbius perhaps annually celebrated at, ii. 129; Dianus and Diana at, ii. 376 _sqq._, v. 45; sacramental bread at, xi. 286 _n._ 2; at evening, xi. 308 _sq._

——, the Lake of, i. 1 _sqq._; annual tragedy perhaps formerly enacted at, xi. 286

——, the sacred grove of, i. 2, 8, 12, 17, 40, 41, ii. 378, xi. 315; perhaps composed of oaks, ii. 379, 386

_Nemontemi_, the five supplementary days of the Aztec calendar, ix. 339

_Nemus_, meaning of the word, i. 2 _n._ 1; supposed town of, i. 3 _n._ 1; a grove or woodland glade, ii. 9

Neolithic implements found in the peatbogs of Denmark and Scandinavia, ii. 352

Neoptolemus, son of Achilles, in Epirus, ii. 278

Nepaul, the Newars of, i. 294 _sq._; fossil ammonites found in, ii. 27 _n._ 2; the Dassera festival of, iv. 277, ix. 226 _n._ 1

Nephele, wife of King Athamas, iv. 161

Nephews, uncles named after their, iii. 332

Nephthys watches over childbirth, ii. 133; Egyptian goddess, sister of Osiris and Isis, vi. 6; mourns Osiris, vi. 12; the birth of, ix. 341

Neptune and Salacia, vi. 231, 233

_Nepu_, sorcerers, in New Guinea, i. 337

Nerechta, district of Russia, Whitsuntide custom in, ii. 93

Nerio, wife of Mars, vi. 232

Nero consecrates his first beard, i. 29

Nerthus, old German goddess, xi. 28 _n._ 1; procession of, ii. 144 _n._ 1

_Nestelknüpfen_, spell laid on man and wife, x. 346 _n._ 2

Net to catch the sun, i. 316; the soul or genius of a, ii. 147

Nets, marriage of girls to, ii. 147; to catch souls, iii. 38, 69 _sq._; taboos observed at the making of fishing nets, iii. 192; as amulets, iii. 300, 307; treated as living beings, viii. 240 _n._ 1; fumigated with smoke of need-fire, x. 280

Nettles, whipping with, ix. 263; Indians beaten with, as an ordeal, x. 64

Neuautz, in Courland, pig’s tail at sowing barley at, vii. 300

Neuchatel, Midsummer fires in the canton of, x. 172

Neuenkirchen, in Oldenburg, plague hammered into a doorpost at, ix. 64

Neuerburg, in the Eifel, King and Queen of the Bean near, ix. 313

Neugramatin, in Bohemia, custom of beating young women with green boughs in the Christmas holidays at, ix. 270

Neuhausen, near Merseburg, binder of last sheaf wrapt in ears of oats at,