iii. 169;

pregnant women do not use sharp instruments among, iii. 238; their masked dances, ix. 382

Monyo, village of Burma, tamarind-tree worshipped at, ii. 46

Moon, Esquimau custom at the new, i. 121 _sq._; wives sing to the, in the absence of their husbands, i. 125; ceremony at an eclipse of the, i. 311; charm to hasten the, i. 319; Diana conceived as the, ii. 128; women pray to the moon for an easy delivery, ii. 128 _n._ 2; woman chosen to represent the, ii. 146; ceremonies at new, iii. 15; represented by a cow, iv. 71 _sq._; myth of the setting and rising, iv. 73; married to Endymion, iv. 90; human victims sacrificed to the, v. 73, vii. 261; albinoes thought to be the offspring of the, v. 91; Osiris and the, vi. 129 _sqq._; popularly regarded as the cause of growth and decay, vi. 132, 138; practical rules based on a theory of the influence of the, vi. 132 _sqq._, 140 _sqq._; popularly regarded as the source of dew and moisture, vi. 137 _sq._; worshipped by the agricultural Indians of tropical America, vi. 138 _sq._; viewed as the husband of the sun, vi. 139 _n._; Athenian superstition as to an eclipse of the, vi. 141; children presented to the, vi. 144 _sqq._; thought to have a harmful influence on children, vi. 148; the Greek calendar regulated by the, vii. 80; Basutos attempt to reckon by the, vii. 117; pigs sacrificed to the, viii. 25; bodily ailments transferred to the, ix. 53 _sq._; the “dark” and the “light,” ix. 140, 141 _n._ 1; temple of the, ix. 218; hearts of human victims offered to the, ix. 282; the goddess of the, personated by an actor or dancer, ix. 381; impregnation of women by the, x. 75 _sq._; the sixth day of the, mistletoe cut on, x. 77; the first day of the, mistletoe gathered on, x. 78; the full, transformation of werewolves at, x. 314 _n._ 1; reflected in Diana’s Mirror, xi. 303

—— and Endymion, i. 18

——, the goddess of the, ix. 341, 381

——, the infant god, vi. 131, 153

—— and month, names for, in Aryan languages, ix. 325

——, the new, ceremonies at, vi. 141 _sqq._; dances at, vi. 142; custom of showing money to, or turning it in the pocket, vi. 148 _sq._

Moon and Sun, their marriage celebrated by the Blackfoot Indians, ii. 146 _sq._; mythical and dramatic marriage of the, iv. 71, 73 _sq._, 78, 87 _sq._, 90, 92, 105

——, the waning, theories to explain, vi. 130; thought to be broken or eaten up, vi. 130; rule that things should be cut or gathered at, vi. 133; rule that timber should be felled at, vi. 133, 135 _sq._; cure for toothache at, ix. 60

Moon Being of the Omahas, vi. 256

—— -god conceived as masculine, v. 73; inspiration by the, v. 73; in ancient Babylonia, vi. 138 _sq._

Mooney, James, on the belief of the North American Indians that their names are parts of themselves, iii. 318 _sq._; on want of discrimination between animals and men in Cherokee mythology, viii. 204 _sq._; on Cherokee ideas as to trees struck by lightning, xi. 29

Moonshine drunk as a medicine in India, vi. 144; thought to be beneficial to children, vi. 144

Móooi, Tongan god who causes earthquakes, v. 201

Mooraba Gosseyn, a Brahman, incarnation of the elephant-headed god Gunputty, i. 405

Moore, G. F., on the burnt sacrifice of children, vi. 219 _n._ 1

Moore, _Manx Surnames_, quoted by Sir John Rhys, x. 306

Moors obliterate marks in sand from superstitious motives, i. 214

—— of Algiers, no fire in their houses after a death, ii. 268 _n._

—— of Morocco, use boars to divert evil spirits, ix. 31; their superstition as to the “sultan of the oleander,” x. 18

Moorunde tribe of Australia, the dead not named in the, iii. 358

Moosheim, in Wurtemberg, leaf-clad mummer at Midsummer festival at, xi. 26

Mopane country, South Africa, souls of dead chiefs supposed to transmigrateinto lions in the, viii. 287

Moquis of Arizona, their use of stone implements in religious ritual, iii. 228; their theory of transmigration into their totemic animals, viii. 178; their totem clans, viii. 178

Moral evolution, iii. 218 _sq._

—— guilt regarded as a corporeal pollution, iii. 217 _sq._

Morality developed out of taboo, iii. 213 _sq._; shifted from a natural to a supernatural basis, iii. 213 _sq._; survival of savage taboos in civilized, iii. 218 _sq._

Morasas, the, of South India, sacrifice of finger-joints among the, iv. 219

Moravia, precautions against witches on Walpurgis Night among the Germans of, ii. 55, ix. 162; custom observed by the Germans of, on _Laetare_ Sunday, ii. 63; “Meeting the Spring” in, ii. 333; “Carrying out Death” in, iv. 238 _sq._, 249; drama of Summer and Winter in, iv. 257 _sq._; the Feast of All Souls in, vi. 73; harvest custom in, vii. 162; the Wheat-Bride in, vii. 162; the Shrovetide bear in, viii. 326 _n._ 1; “Easter Smacks” in, ix. 268, 269; fires to burn the witches in, x. 160; Midsummer fires in, x. 175; the divining-rod in, xi. 67

Moravian belief that serpents get their poison annually on St. George’s Day, ii. 344 _n._ 4

Moravians cull simples at Midsummer, xi. 49, 54

—— of Silesia, their custom of “Carrying out Death,” iv. 237

Moray Firth, disappearance of herring in the, viii. 251

Morayshire, remedy for a murrain in, x. 326; medical use of mistletoe in, xi. 84

Morbihan in Brittany, mistletoe hung over the doors of stables and byres at, xi. 287

_Morbus regius_, jaundice, i. 371 _n._ 4

Mordecai, his name equivalent to Marduk or Merodach, ix. 365; his triumphal ride in Susa, ix. 403

—— and Esther equivalent to Marduk and Ishtar, ix. 405; the duplicates of Haman and Vashti, ix. 405 _sq._

—— and Haman, ix. 364 _sqq._; as temporary kings, ix. 400 _sq._

Moresby, Captain John, his reception in Shepherd’s Isle, iii. 104 _sq._

Moresin, Thomas, on St. Peter’s fires in Scotland, x. 207

Moret, Alexandre, on the divinity of Egyptian kings, i. 418 _sq._; on assimilation of Egyptian kings to gods, ii. 134 _n._ 1; on Amenophis IV., vi. 123 _n._ 1; on the Sed festival, vi. 155 _sq._

Morgan, L. H., as to Otawa totems, viii. 225 _n._ 1

Morgan, Professor M. H., on an ancient Greek mode of making fire, ii. 207 _n._ 1

Mori, a district of Central Celebes, belief of the natives as to a spirit in the moon, vi. 139 _n._

Mori clan of the Bhils in Central India, their totem the peacock, viii. 29

Moriah, Mount, traditionally identified with Mount Zion, vi. 219 _n._ 1

Morice, Father A. G., on the seclusion- of menstruous women among the Tinneh Indians, iii. 146 _sq._; on customs and beliefs of the Carrier Indians as to menstruous women, x. 91 _sqq._; on the honorific totems of the Carrier Indians, xi. 273 _sqq._

Morlaks, the Yule log among the, x. 264

Morlanwelz, in Belgium, bonfires on the first Sunday in Lent at, x. 107

Morning, certain animals not to be named in the, iii. 402

Morning Star, the, appearance of, perhaps the signal for the festival of Adonis, v. 258 _sq._; human sacrifice at sowing enjoined by the, vii. 238; named in Nias, vii. 315; personated by a man in a dance or dramatic ceremony, ix. 238, 381; the god of the, ix. 381; girl at puberty bathes at the rising of the, x. 40; the rising of the, the signal for kindling new fire at the winter solstice, x. 133

Morocco, magic use of a fowl or pigeon in, i. 151; artificial fertilization of fig-trees in, ii. 314; iron used as a protection against demons in, iii. 233; disposal of cut hair in, iii. 275; nail-parings preserved for the resurrection in, iii. 280; annual temporary king in, iv. 152 _sq._; custom of prostitution in an Arab tribe in, v. 39 _n._ 3; live goats torn to pieces and devoured by a religious sect in, vii. 21; the Barley Bride in, vii. 178 _sq._; homoeopathic magic of flesh diet in, viii. 147; sticks or stones piled on scenes of violent death in, ix. 15; cairns near Azemmour in, ix. 21; boars used to divert evil spirits in, ix. 31; devils nailed into a wall in, ix. 63; the tug-of-war in, ix. 178 _sq._, 182; games of ball played in, to procure rain or sunshine, ix. 179 _sq._; custom of beating people for their good in, ix. 265, 266; magical virtue ascribed to rainwater in, x. 17 _sq._; Midsummer fires in, x. 213 _sqq._; water thought to acquire marvellous virtue at Midsummer in, xi. 30 _sq._; magical plants gathered at Midsummer in, xi. 51

Morris-dancers, ix. 250 _sq._

Morrison, Rev. C. W., on belief of Australian aborigines as to childbirth, v. 103 _n._ 3

Mortality, savage explanations of human, ix. 302 _sqq._

—— of the gods, iv. 1 _sqq._

Mortlock Islanders, their belief in spirits, ix. 82

Moru tribe of Central Africa, viii. 314. _See_ Madi

Morven, x. 290; consumptive people passed through rifted rocks in, xi. 186 _sq._

Mosaic law forbids interchange of dress between men and women, ix. 363

—— laws, their similarity to savage customs, iii. 219 _n._ 1

Mosbach, in Bavaria, the last sheaf called Goat at, vii. 283

Moschus on Europa and the bull, iv. 73 _n._ 1

Moscow, annual new fire in villages near, x. 139

Moselle, the Treveri on the, ii. 126 _n._ 2; the Fox in the corn in the department of the, vii. 296; bonfires on the, x. 109; Konz on the, x. 118, 163 _sq._

Moses, the tomb of, ix. 21; on the uncleanness of women at menstruation, x. 95 _sq._

Moslem custom of raising cairns, ix. 21

Mosquito Indians of Central America preserve bones of deer and shells of eggs, viii. 258 _n._ 2

—— -makers, magicians in Tana, i. 341

—— territory, Central America, seclusion of menstruous women in the, x. 86

Moss, W., iv. 284 _n._ 4

Mossos of China, their annual expulsion of demons, ix. 139

Mostar, in Herzegovina, custom observed by bride at, ii. 230 _sq._

Mostene in Lydia, double-headed axe at, v. 183 _n._

Mosul, the “Mother of the Grape-cluster” at, iv. 8; cure for headache at, ix. 64

Mosyni or Mosynoeci, in Pontus, kept their king in close custody, iii. 124

Mota, in the New Hebrides, belief as to conception in women in, v. 97 _sq._; conception of the external soul in, xi. 197 _sq._

“Mother” and “Father” as epithets applied to Roman goddesses and gods, vi. 233 _sqq._

“Mother of the Clan” in the Pelew Islands, vi. 205, 206

Mother, dead, worshipped, vi. 175, 185

—— of a god, v. 51, 52

—— of the gods, Attis associated with the, i. 21, v. 266; the Phrygian, her worship adopted by the Romans, v. 265; first-fruits offered in Thera to the, v. 280 _n._ 1; popularity of her worship in the Roman Empire, v. 298 _sq._; Mexican goddess, ix. 289; woman annually sacrificed in the character of the, ix. 289 _sq._

—— or Grandmother of Ghosts at Rome, viii. 94, 96, 107

—— of the Grape-cluster, iv. 8

——, the Great, Cybele, at Rome, v. 280; name given to the last sheaf, vii. 135 _sq._

“—— of Kings,” in Central African kingdom, ii. 277

—— of the Maize, among the Indians of Peru, vii. 172 _sqq._

—— of the Rain, at a rain-making ceremony among the Arabs of Moab, i. 276

—— of the Rice, in Sumatra and Celebes, vii. 191 _sqq._

Mother-corn, name given to last sheaf threshed, vii. 147

—— -cotton in the Punjaub, vii. 178

—— Earth prayed to for rain, i. 283; festival in her honour in Bengal, v. 90; fertilized by Father Sky, myth of, v. 282; sickness caused by, viii. 105

—— Goddess of Western Asia, sacred prostitution in the worship of the, v. 36; lions as her emblems, v. 137, 164; her eunuch priests, v. 206; of Phrygia conceived as a Virgin Mother, v. 281

—— -kin, the system of tracing relationship through women, ii. 271, iii. 333; in succession to Roman kingship, ii. 271; among the Aryans, ii. 283 _sqq._; superiority of maternal uncle to father under mother-kin, ii. 285; succession in royal houses with, v. 44; trace of, at Rome and Nemi, v. 45; among the Khasis of Assam, v. 46, vi. 202 _sqq._; among the Hittites, traces of, vi. 141 _sq._; and Mother Goddesses, vi. 201 _sqq._, 212 _sqq._; and father-kin, vi. 202, 261 _n._ 3; favours the superiority of goddesses over gods in religion, vi. 202 _sqq._, 211 _sq._; among the Pelew Islanders, vi. 204 _sqq._; does not imply that government is in the hands of women, vi. 208 _sqq._; among the Melanesians, vi. 211; in Africa, vi. 211; in Lycia, vi. 212 _sq._; in ancient Egypt, vi. 213 _sqq._; traces of, in Lydia and Cos, vi. 259; favours the development of goddesses, vi. 259; in royal families, ix. 368 _n._ 1 _See also_ Female kinship

—— -in-law, the savage’s dread of his, iii. 83 _sqq._; her name not to be mentioned by her son-in-law, iii. 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 346

—— Plastene on Mount Sipylus, v. 185

—— -seed, among the Malays, vii. 198

—— -sheaf, in Brittany, vii. 135, 209

“Mother’s Air,” a tune on the flute, v. 288

Mother’s brother preferred to father, mark of mother-kin, ii. 285

Mothers, African kings forbidden to see their, iii. 86; named after their children, iii. 332, 333, 339

Motherwort, garlands of, at Midsummer, x. 162

Motlav, recall of lost souls in, iii. 56; belief as to conception in women in, v. 98.

Motu of New Guinea, their way of detaining the sun, i. 317; taboos observed for the sake of the crops among the, ii. 106; tabooed persons not allowed to handle food among the, iii. 141; chastity of hunters and fishers among the, iii. 192; hunters and fishers regarded as holy among the, iii. 196; continence observed by them before and during a trading voyage, iii. 203 _sq._; unwilling to tell their names, iii. 329

Motumotu or Toaripi of New Guinea, magical telepathy among the, i. 125; their way of detaining the sun, i. 317; think that storms are sent by a sorcerer, i. 326 _sq._; sorcerers as chiefs among the, i. 337; their belief as to reflections in a mirror, iii. 92; taboos observed by manslayers among the, iii. 167; continence before fishing or hunting among the, iii. 196; unwilling to tell their names, iii. 329; homoeopathic magic of a flesh diet among the, viii. 145. _See also_ Toaripi

Moulin, parish of, in Perthshire, Hallowe’en fires in, x. 230

Moulins-Engilbert, spring of St. Gervais near, i. 307

Moulton, Professor J. H., iv. 124 _n._ 1; on the etymology of Quirinus, ii. 182 _n._ 2; on the relation of the Italian and Celtic languages, ii. 189 _n._ 3; on the etymology of _Flamen_, ii. 247 _n._ 5; on proposed etymologies of Demeter, vii. 41 _n._, 131 _n._ 4; on the Twelve Days, ix. 325 _n._ 3; on the proposed identification of Haman and Hammedatha with two Persian archangels, ix. 373 _n._ 1; on the etymology of Soranus, xi. 15 _n._ 1

Mounds of Semiramis, ix. 370, 371, 373

——, sepulchral, iv. 93, 96, 100, 104

Mountain of Parting, in Mexico, ix. 279

Mountain arnica gathered at Midsummer, xi. 57 _sq._; a protection against thunder, lightning, hail, and conflagration, xi. 58

—— -ash, a protection against witches, ii. 53; pastoral crook cut from a, ii. 331; parasitic, used to make the divining rod, xi. 69; mistletoe on, xi. 315. _See also_ Rowan

—— scaur, external soul in, xi. 156

Mountains, first berries of the season offered to the, viii. 133 _sq._

Mourne Mountains, x. 159

Mourners, customs observed by, iii. 31 _sq._, 159 _n._, 315; plug their nostrils, iii. 32; tabooed, iii. 138 _sqq._, x. 20; refrain from scratching their heads with their fingers, iii. 159 _n._; heads of, smeared with mud or clay, iii. 182 _n._ 2; taboos observed by, in India, iii. 235 _sq._; hair and nails of, cut at end of mourning, iii. 285 _sq._; touch coral rings as a form of purification, iii. 315; shave their heads in order to escape recognition by the ghost, iii. 357 _sq._; rub themselves with the juices of the dead, viii. 163; drink the juices of the dead, viii. 163 _n._ 3; the purification of, intended to protect them against the spirits of the dead, ix. 105 _n._ 1; whip themselves at a funeral to keep off evil spirits, ix. 260 _sq._; wear special caps, x. 20; pass over fire as a purification after a funeral, xi. 17, 18; customs observed by, among the Bella Coola Indians, xi. 174

Mournful character of the rites of sowing vi. 40 _sqq._

Mourning of slayers for the slain, iii. 181; for a dead whale, iii. 223; for Tammuz, v. 9 _sqq._, 230; for Adonis, v. 224 _sq._, 226 _sq._; of Egyptian reapers, v. 232, vi. 45, 117; for Attis, v. 272; for Osiris, vi. 12; for the corn-god at Midsummer, vi. 34; for the Old Woman of the Corn, vi. 47; at cutting wood of sacred tree, vi. 47 _sq._; of Demeter for the descent of Persephone at the time of the autumn sowing, vii. 46; pretended, for insects that destroy the crops, viii. 279 _sq._; the great, for Isfendiyar, x. 105. _See also_ Lamentations _and_ Laments

Mourning costume of men in Lycia, vi. 264; perhaps a mode of deceiving the ghost, vi. 264

Mouse, soul in form of, iii. 37, 39 _n._ 1. _See also_ Mice

Mouse Apollo, viii. 282 _sq._

Mouse-ear hawkweed (_Hieracium pilosella_) gathered at Midsummer, xi. 57

Mouse’s head hung round child’s neck at teething, i. 180

Mouth closed to prevent escape of soul, iii. 31, 33, 71; soul in the, iii. 33; spirits supposed to enter the body through the, iii. 116; covered to prevent entrance of demons, etc., iii. 122; of the dead, Egyptian ceremony of opening the, vi. 15; of dead fox tied up, viii. 267

Movement of thought from magic through religion to science, xi. 304 _sq._

Movers, F. C., on the Sacaea, ix. 368, 387, 388, 391, 401

Mowat, in British New Guinea, magical powers of chief at, i. 338; continence observed during the turtle season at, iii. 192; boys beaten at, to make them strong, ix. 265

Moxos Indians of Bolivia, magical telepathy among the, i. 123

Moylar, male children of sacred prostitutes in Southern India, v. 63

Mozcas. _See_ Chibchas

Mpongwe of the Gaboon, woman’s share in agriculture among the, vii. 119

Mpongwe kings of the Gaboon, buried secretly, vi. 104

Mrus, the, of Aracan, their custom of placing grass on a pile, ix. 12 _n._ 1

Muata Jamwo, a potentate of Angola, lights a new fire on his accession,